释义 |
▪ I. provide, v.|prəʊˈvaɪd| Also 5–6 provyde, Sc. -wyde, -wide, 6 -vyd. [ad. L. prōvid-ēre to see before, foresee, look after, attend to, be cautious, f. prō, pro-1 + vidēre to see. Cf. purvey, a doublet of this through OF., in earlier Eng. use. Provide was app. introduced in 15th c. as a direct repr. of the L. verb in certain senses, and its use may have been promoted by the fact that providence was already in use for purveyance.] I. †1. trans. To foresee. Obs.
1423Jas. I Kingis Q. ix, So vncouthly hir werdes sche deuidith, Namly In ȝouth, that seildin ought prouidith. 1545T. Raynalde Byrth Mankynde 91 Euident and sufficient signes, whereby maye be prouided & foresene the aborcement before it come. 1607B. Jonson Volpone Ded., Seuere and wiser patriots..prouiding the hurts these licentious spirits may doe in a state. 1640Yorke Union Hon. 137 Of especiall counsell and advice, in providing and fore-seeing the event of any deepe designes. 2. intr. To exercise foresight in taking due measures in view of a possible event; to make provision or adequate preparation. Const. for, against.
c1407Lydg. Reson & Sens. 3556 Huge boolys of metal..Brent[en] al that kam be-syde: Ther koude no man hym provyde To save him that he was brent. 1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) III. 47 Men of Lacedemonia provide for a batelle ageyne men of Micena. 1529More Dyaloge i. Wks. 132/2 Go to Christes gospell & loke on his first miracle, whither he might not haue prouided for wine without miracle. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 689 The olde adage, saiyng in tyme of peace, prouide for war, and in tyme of war, prouide for peace. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. ii. xi. (1848) 131 We may be often sollicitous to provide against many Evils and Dangers that possibly may never reach us. 1796Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 393 The first duty of a state is to provide for its own conservation. 1878Jevons Prim. Pol. Econ. i. §2. 10 Suffering from misfortunes which could not have been provided against. 1883E. T. Payne in Law Times 27 Oct. 432/2 An inn or hotel is an establishment, the proprietor of which undertakes to provide for the entertainment of all comers, especially travellers. †b. To see to it or take care beforehand; to make provision (that something shall not happen). Obs.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 186, I wil be ware and afore provide, That of no fowler I wil no more be japed. 1509Fisher Fun. Serm. C'tess Richmond Wks. (1876) 296 To..prouyde by her owne commaundement that nothynge sholde lacke. 1538Starkey England ii. ii. 181 We must prouyd..that by no prerogatyfe he vsurpe apon the pepul any such authorysyd tyranny. 1573–80Baret Alv. P 801 To prouide that a thing happen not, precaueo. Ibid. 803 To prouide that one take no harme, cauere alicui. c. To make it, or lay it down as, a provision or arrangement; to stipulate that. Cf. provided 5, providing pres. pple., provision 5.
1423[see providing pres. pple.]. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 114 b, The Mayers wyfe of the citie prouided in her wyll, that she would be buried without any pompe or noyse. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. i. (S.T.S.) 116 Qn sa our lawis provydes, that the eldest succeides. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. i. I. 13 Another regulation, providing that every person who was found slain should be supposed to be a Frenchman, unless he were proved to be a Saxon. 1891Law. Rep., Weekly Notes 72/2 The clause did not provide that the costs of references..should be in the discretion of the arbitrators. II. 3. trans. To prepare, get ready, or arrange (something) beforehand. Now rare.
c1420? Lydg. Assembly of Gods 216 What pyne or greef ye for me prouyde, Without any grogyng I shall hit abyde. c1470Henry Wallace x. 620 Wallace in haist prouidyt son his ost. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 8 b, Of certayne benefytes that god hath prouyded for vs. 1535Coverdale Prov. vi. 7 In the sommer she prouideth hir meate, & gathereth hir foode together in y⊇ haruest. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. i. 271 The wise Ant her wintry Store provides. 1809Malkin Gil Blas v. i. ⁋103 He had provided a gown of coarse dark cloth, and a little red horse-hair beard. †4. intr. To prepare, make preparation, get ready. Const. with inf., or absol. Obs.
1493Petronilla (Pynson) 105 Felliculla gan afore prouyde, Maugre flaccus, to lyue in maydynhede. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 165 He prouyded to sende men and victualles to strengthen the castels of Flynt and Rutlande. 1601R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. (1603) 195 Let them not thinke to begin anie long warre, much lesse to continue it, unlesse they throughly provide aforehand. 1616Hieron Wks. I. 589 Your respectiue saluting vs, your prouiding to entertaine vs. 1626B. Jonson Staple of N. iv. i, But stay, my Princesse comes, prouide the while, I'lle call for't anone. 1692tr. Sallust 116 He toyls, provides, and..sets all his Trains and Engines at work by Treachery to ruine Hiempsal. 1727Pope Th. Var. Subj. Swift's Wks. 1755 II. i. 231 Very few men..live at present, but are providing to live another time. †b. trans. with vbl. n. (provide your going = prepare or make ready to go). Obs.
1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. iii. iv. 36 Prouide your going, Choose your owne company, and command what cost Your heart ha's mind to. 5. trans. To supply or furnish for use; to yield, afford. Const. † to (obs.), for, or with dative.
1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 37 Al that longyth to thy necessyte Shal be provydyd be god and me. 1538Starkey England i. i. 10 Al thyng that God and nature hath prouydyd to hym. 1552Bk. Com. Prayer, Communion, The bread and wyne for the Communion shall be prouyded by the Curate, and the churchwardens, at the charges of the Parishe. 1581in Confer. iii. (1584) R iv, Prouide me ynke and paper, and I will write. 1634Milton Comus 186 Such cooling fruit As the kind hospitable Woods provide. 1772Junius Lett. lxviii. (1820) 344 This very act provides a remedy for such persons. 1898Besant Orange Girl ii. xxvi, The contractors..do honestly provide the convicts the rations prescribed by the Government. 6. To furnish or appoint (an incumbent) to a vacant benefice (rarely, a person to a pension); esp. of the pope: To appoint (a person as successor) to a benefice not yet vacant, thus setting aside the right of the patron. Cf. provision n. 4, provisor 1. Now only Hist.
[1388Act 12 Rich. II, c. 15 Item qe null liege du Roy..passe le meer..pur soy providre ou purchacer ascun benefice de seinte Esglise ove cure ou sanz cure en le dit roialme.] 1426Paston Lett. I. 25 Ther arn ij. other persones provided to the same bysshopriche yet lyvyng, beforn my seyd adversarie. 1580Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 324 His brother german, being lauchfullie providit to ane yeirlie pensioun.., wes slane,.. in quhais place the said Alexander, being providit to the said pensioun, bruikit the samin peciabillie. 1593–4Exch. Rolls Scotl. XXII. 393 Johnne Balfour, providit of auld to the chapellanie of Sanct Thomas. a1639Spottiswood Hist. Ch. Scot. ii. (1677) 59 Shevez posted to Rome..and was himself provided to the Archbishoprick. 1887Lupton Life Colet 121 He was provided, in 1504, to the vacant see of St. David's. 1899Trevelyan Eng. Age Wycliffe 120 The Papal power of ‘providing’ to benefices. III. 7. To equip or fit out (a person, etc.) with what is necessary for a certain purpose; to furnish or supply with something implied. In quot. 1628, to provide or furnish with a lodging.
1465in Exch. Rolls Scotl. VII. 321 note, Gevin..in parte of sustentacione of him unto the tyme that he be bettir providit, ten poundis. 1536MS. Acc. St. John's Hosp., Canterb., Payd to Colney for to provide hym selfe away xijd. 1588Parke tr. Mendoza's Hist. China 121 They do take so much fish, that they do prouide the whole kingdome for all the yeare. 1628Earl of Manchester in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 268 Werden tells me he hath provided you not far from the Parliament. 1656H. Phillips Purch. Patt. (1676) B ix b, The first Builder is sufficiently provided by his workman to testifie his cost. 1838Dickens Nich. Nick. xliii, I..mean to look out for another situation; so provide yourselves, gentlemen, if you please. †b. refl. To equip or prepare oneself, to make oneself ready, prepare (to do something, for or against something). Cf. 3 and 4. Obs.
c1489Caxton Blanchardyn xlvii. 182 [They] ordeyned & prouyded theym self soo, that they fered but lytyl Subyon or nouȝte. c1594Capt. Wyatt R. Dudley's Voy. W. Ind. (Hakl. Soc.) 2 A speciall commaundement..that they should generallie provide themselves to goe with him the Sonday followinge..to the church. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. i. iii. 89 You Neice prouide your selfe. 1602― Ham. iii. iii. 7 King... Therefore prepare you... Guild. We will our selues prouide. 1650Fuller Pisgah ii. x. 212 Hence the Sea running Southward, provides itself to entertain a nameless Brook. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. x. ii. (1856) 469 If we will provide ourselves against the devil who never misseth any opportunity..to tempt us. 8. To furnish or supply (a person, etc.) with something. Often in indirect passive. a. Const. with.
14..in Tundale's Vis. (1843) 98 With help of her..So prudently with vertu hus to provyde. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xiv. 3 How that this realme, with nobillis owt of nummer, Gydit, provydit sa mony ȝeiris hes bene. 1605Camden Rem. 1 Prouided with all complete prouisions of Warre. 1798S. Lee Canterb. T., Yng. Lady's T. II. 167 His valet [was] provided with phosphoric matches, by which he had now lit a taper. 1841Lane Arab. Nts. I. 71 They..provide themselves with sweet cakes, bread, dates. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxii. 151 The waiter then provided me with a ham sandwich. †b. Const. of. Obs.
1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. xiv. (1870) 160 Howbeit the good townes be prouyded of vitels. 1556Aurelio & Isab. (1608) P iij, Provyde you of trew contricion and patience. 1657W. Rand tr. Gassendi's Life Peiresc i. 172 Viassius..providing him of a ship, sent him away. 1723Chambers tr. Le Clerc's Treat. Archit. I. 142 When an Architect is not provided of an able Painter fit to manage a Work of this kind. †c. Const. in. Sc. Obs.
1586–7Rot. Scacc. Reg. Scot. XXI. 61 [He] sall..provyid and furneis his majesteis hous and haill tabillis..in naiprie, fyireweschell, and tyneveschell. 9. intr. with for: to make provision for a person, his needs, etc. Often in indirect passive.
1535Coverdale 1 Chron. xxiii. 5 Therfore wyl I prouyde for him. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, v. v. 105 His wonted Followers Shall all be very well prouided for. 1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 194 The old King seeing his sonnes thus well match'd, and Polimero so well provided for and setled. 1764Burn Poor Laws 202 Thus hath the wisdom of the nation..been employed for ages, in providing properly for the poor, and yet they are not properly provided for. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. I. i. 44 The essential duty of every man being to provide honestly for himself and his family. ▪ II. † ˈprovide, a. Obs. rare—1. [ad. L. prōvidus foreseeing, f. prōvidēre: see prec.] Prudent, foreseeing, provident.
c1475Harl. Contin. Higden (Rolls) VIII. 445 He was moderate in cures temporalle, provide in cownsaille [Walsingham Chron. ‘In curis temporalibus providus’]. |