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‖ ˈrudera Obs.
[a. L. rūdera, pl. of rūdus broken stone.]
Fragments or ruins of a building.
1662Ray Three Itin. (1738) III. 181 By the testimony of an ancient people thereabouts who have seen the vestigia and rudera of the walls. 1737G. Smith Curious Relat. I. iii. 402 None can equal the Rudera's of that once most magnificent Bridge which the Emperor Trajan caused to be built over the Danube. 1798Brit. Critic XI. 226 The author's reasons for asserting.., though it does not appear in the rudera, that chimneys were common in the Roman houses.
Hence ˈruderal a. [mod.L. rūderālis] Bot., growing on or among stone-rubbish; peculiar to rubbish-heaps; also as n., a ruderal plant. ˈruderary a. [late L. rūderārius], pertaining to rubbish. ˈruderate v. [L. rūderāre], rudeˈration [L. rūderātio] (see quots.). † ˈruderous a., abounding in rubbish.
1858Mayne Expos. Lex. s.v., Ruderalis,..which grows in rubbish and by walls..: *ruderal. 1878Hooker & Ball Marocco 144 What may be termed the ruderal vegetation throughout the Mediterranean region. 1905F. E. Clements Research Methods Ecol. iv. 263 The pioneers in impoverished or exhausted fields are uniformly ruderal plants. 1929J. W. Bews World's Grasses vi. 226 Most of the species of Digitaria tend to become ruderals. 1963New Scientist 20 June 677/2 The more permanent colonisers [on Lake Kariba, East Africa] appear to fall into two groups, those of semi-aquatic habitats,..and ruderals of open ground. 1970Watsonia VIII. 175 Weeds or ruderal plants. 1979Nature 20–27 Dec. 780/2 An ecological classification of plants into competitors, stress-tolerators and ruderals.
1727Bailey (vol. II), *Ruderary, belonging to Rubbish. [Hence in later Dicts.]
1623Cockeram, *Ruderate, to cast on rubble. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 592 Ruderated; in paving, &c. laid with pebbles or little stones.
1730Bailey (folio), *Ruderation, the laying of a Pavement with Pebbles or little Stones. 1813Forsyth Rem. Italy 142 Their successors..in some parts omitted the ruderation, in others the statumen, in others both. 1842Gwilt Encycl. Arch. Gloss., Ruderation,..a method of laying pavements, mentioned by Vitruvius, and according to some, of building walls with rough pebbles and mortar.
1657Tomlinson Renou's Disp. 318 All Horehound delights in *ruderous places. |