| 释义 |
▪ I. pullet|ˈpʊlɪt|
Forms: pl. 4–5 poletes, polettes, -ys, 5 poullettis, pulettis, 6 pullettes; sing. 5–6 poullet, 6 poulet, 6– pullet (7 pullit).
[a. F. poulet young fowl, chicken, dim. of poule. Cf. also F. poulette fem. young hen. The early instances, being pl., do not show whether the sing. was then polet or polette.]
1. A young (domestic) fowl, between the ages of chicken and mature fowl; but formerly often used more loosely; spec. and techn. a young hen from the time she begins to lay till the first moult, after which she is a full-grown hen or fowl.
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. vii. 267 ‘I haue no peny’, quod pers, ‘Poletes [v. rr. pulettis, pultys; B. vi. 282 poletes; C. ix. 304 polettes] to bugge’. c1430Two Cookery-bks. 38 Take Polettys y-rostyd, & hew hem. c1483Caxton Dialogues 10 Goo into the pultrie, Bye poullettis, One poullet [Fr. poulle] & two chekens, But no capon Ne no cocke bringe not. 1530Palsgr. 257/2 Poullet, poulet, poucin. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 158 b, The yoong Pullets are better for laying then sitting. 1655Moufet & Bennet Health's Impr. (1746) 161 A Law, that nothing but Chickens or young Pullits fed in the Camp should be brought to him at his Meals. 1680Wood Life 18 May (O.H.S.) II. 486 Haillstones..as big as pullets' eggs. 1764Smollett Trav. xviii. (1766) I. 289 Chickens and pullets are extremely meagre. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 217 Pullets commence laying before sitting-hens, as they do not moult the first year.
fig.a1533Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. Let. viii. (1535) 122 Ye that be auncyent teachynge vs, and we obedient, as olde fathers and yonge pullettes, beinge in the neste of the senate. 1823‘J. Bee’ Slang s.v. Pullet, in common life, a female barn-door fowl, which has not yet produced eggs. Young women are so denominated, occasionally. 1922Joyce Ulysses 224 Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet. 1941J. Smiley Hash House Lingo 44 Pullet, young woman.
2. Name of a bivalve mollusc, Venerupis pullastra, more fully pullet carpet-shell. Cf. palourde.
1803G. Montagu Testacea Britannica I. 127 This species [sc. Venus pullastra]..is frequently eaten by the common people, and in some parts of Devonshire indiscriminately called Pullers or Pullets. 1890in Cent. Dict. 1901E. Step Shell Life 136 The Pullet Carpet-shell (T. pullastra)... The colouring is in some specimens very suggestive of the plumage of a speckled hen, [whence] probably..the mollusk has got the name of Pullet, which is locally applied to it on parts of the Devon coast. Ibid. 137 The Banded, the Pullet, and the Cross-cut are used in different parts..as human food. 1974S. P. Dance Encycl. Shells 268/1 Pullet Carpet Shell. Very similar in shape, size and ornament to V[enerupis] rhomboides.
3. attrib. and Comb., as pullet-broth, † pullet sperm; pullet disease = new wheat disease s.v. new a. 10 b.
1598Shakes. Merry W. iii. v. 32 Bard. With Egges, Sir? Fal. Simple of it selfe: Ile no Pullet-Sperme in my brewage. 1747tr. Astruc's Fevers 176 He may use simple or emulsioned pullet-broth. 1941Jungherr & Levine in Amer. Jrnl. Vet. Res. II. 267/2 The majority of the cases occur between the ages of 5 and 7 months..hence the appropriateness of the term ‘pullet disease’. 1945Vet. Jrnl. CI. 7 The exact course of the pullet disease syndrome is unknown. 1950[see blue comb (disease) s.v. blue a. 13]. 1977R. F. Gordon Poultry Dis. vii. 183 It is difficult to obtain an accurate estimate of the incidence of pullet disease today.
▪ II. pullet
error in Phillips, etc. for pallet n.2 2. |