| 释义 |
▪ I. broadside, n.|ˈbrɔːdsaɪd|
[Formerly two words: broad a. + side n.]
1. a. Naut. ‘The whole of that side of a ship above the water which is situate between the bow and the quarter’ (Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.).
1591Garrard Art Warre 89 That they turne their broad sides as if they should encounter the enemie. a1618Raleigh Roy. Navy 26 To plant great red Port-holes in their broad sides. 1742Woodroofe in Hanway Trav. (1762) I. ii. xxiii. 98 They let the vessel run with her broad side ashore. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) H ij, A squall of wind laid the ship on her broadside. 1833Marryat P. Simple (1863) 106 A heavy sea struck us on the broadside.
attrib.1862Thornbury Turner I. 292 It is a broadside view, and represents the Redoubtable as sinking.
b. broadside to (or and) broadside: with the side of one ship to that of another; transf. side by side, close to each other.
1696Kennett Rom. Antiq. ii. iv. (1713) 241 If they happen'd to swing broad-side to broad-side. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789), To lie alongside of; to be broadside and broadside.
c. broadside on, broadside to, (a broadside obs.): with the side of the vessel turned fully to the object considered; transversely, across the length.
1716Lond. Gaz. No. 5475/3 He had ranged his Ships..a Broadside cross the River. 1800A. Duncan Mariner's Chron. (1804) II. 82, I desired them not to come broadside-to, but stern-on. 1840R. Dana Bef. the Mast xv. 41 We drifted down, broadside on, and went smash into the Lagoda.
d. Of the side of something other than a ship.
1632Rutherford Lett. xxiv. (1862) I. 95 He will lay the door on the broadside and come in. c1661Argyle's Last Will in Harl. Misc. (1746) VIII. 30/1 [Argyle]..stood firm on his own Interest, and could oppose a Broadside to every Emergency of Fortune. 1868Lockyer Heavens (ed. 3) 340 A line 95,000,000 miles in length, looked at broadside on at this distance, would appear but as an imperceptible point. 1884T. Speedy Sport xiv. 233 They stopped and looked round, showing their broadsides the one just above the other. Ibid. xviii. 322 Being at close range, and broadside on, the two largest were shot dead.
2. ‘The whole array, or the simultaneous discharge, of the artillery on one side of a ship of war’ (Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.).
1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. iv. 196 Feare wee broad-sides? No, let the Fiend giue fire. a1599Hakluyt Voy. II. ii. 63 The great shippe shot at vs all her broad side. 1630Wadsworth Sp. Pilgr. ii. 8 The man of warre..gaue vs a broade side with his Ordnance. 1748Anson Voy. ii. v. (ed. 4) 237 We..had a broad-side ready to pour into her.
fig.1833Marryat P. Simple (1863) 82 At this last broad⁓side of mine, my father and all my brothers raised a cry of horror.
3. A sheet of paper printed on one side only, forming one large page; = broadsheet.
1575Churchyard Chippes (1817) 43 Richard Harvey..before 1563, had printed in a broadside, a decree..betwene Churchyarde and Camel. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. I. 2 In one Sheet in 4to as also on a broad side of a Sheet. 1818Scott Tales My Landlord Ser. ii. IV. 263 The Broadside containing the last dying speech and confession of M. Murdochson. 1861Wright Ess. Archæol. II. xxiii. 261 Many of the fabliaux and comic poems were issued as broadside ballads.
4. attrib. broadside array Radio, an aerial array having its directional effect perpendicular to the elements of the array.
1932F. E. Terman Radio Engin. xiv. 511 The Broadside Array. The simple broadside antenna array consists of a number of antennas spaced at uniform distances along a horizontal line and connected so as to be excited in phase. 1959Davies & Palmer Radio Studies iii. 31 Aerials of large size can be constructed by connecting together large numbers of dipole or yagi elements. Such aerials are known as broadside arrays.
▪ II. ˈbroadside, adv.
1. With the side turned full (to a given point or object).
1870Hooker Stud. Flora 455 Spikelets..inserted broad⁓side to the rachis. 1884T. Speedy Sport xiv. 231 As he was passing broadside he afforded an excellent shot.
2. Printing. Of letterpress, illustrations, tables, etc.: set sideways. Also as adj., of a page so set (see quot. 1948); and n. Chiefly U.S.
1925Univ. Chicago Press Man. Style (ed. 8) 143 Set long box-headings broadside (i.e., vertically) so as to read up from the bottom of the text page. 1948Words into Type (Appleton-Century-Crofts) 539 A broadside table or illustration is one printed with the top at the left side of the page, requiring a quarter turn of the book to the right to be in position for reading. 1957R. A. Hewitt Style for Print iii. 30 All broadside illustrations, whether printed with the text or inset, should have their legends on the right-hand side of the page, i.e. in the inner margin on a left-hand page and the outer margin on a right-hand page.
▪ III. ˈbroadside, v.
[f. the n.]
intr. Of a motor cycle in dirt-track racing: to skid and slide in the cinders as part of a deliberate manœuvre when the rider is ‘hugging’ a corner. Also in extended use of a car, pedal cycle, etc., esp. in a controlled sideways skid.
1930Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. 28 Mar. 1 (caption) A dirt-track rider broadsiding at Crystal Palace, London. 1967Autocar 28 Dec. 24/3 The car broadsided for 100 yards before turning over. 1969N.Z. Listener 16 May 16/1 In the early days of ‘dirt-track’ the people came to see the extreme slides made by the machines as they were raced into the cinder-strewn corners. Later, specially-designed machines enabled the riders to hug the corners without ‘broadsiding’. |