| 释义 |
▪ I. † bus, n.1 Obs.
Also 6 bowse.
[a. Du. bus, MDu. buis ‘gun’, a specialized sense of bus, buis box: cf. Ger. büchse, and see harquebus.]
A harquebus.
1549Compl. Scot. (1801) Mak reddy your cannons bastardis, falcons..busis, doggis, doubil busis, hagbuttis of croche, half haggis. 1556[see bowse].
▪ II. bus, 'bus, n.2|bʌs|
Occas. buss.
1. a. A familiar shortening of omnibus.
1832H. Martineau Weal & Woe i. 14 If the station offers me a place in a buss. 1837Fraser's Mag. XVI. 680 Another Buss came up. a1845Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. iii. (1858) 445 There was no taking refuge too then, as with us, On a slip-sloppy day, in a cab or a 'bus. 1851Belgravia 73 Whilst thundering down Hundreds of busses scour the trembling town. 1887Punch 12 Mar. 130/2 She is left without a penny to pay for tram or bus.
b. Phr. to miss the bus (fig.): to lose an opportunity; to fail in an undertaking. slang.
[1886J. Morley Miscell. III. 147 Though he [sc. Mark Pattison] appeared..as much a Catholic at heart as Newman..it was probably his constitutional incapacity for heroic and decisive courses that made him, according to the Oxford legend, miss the omnibus. ]1915C. J. Dennis Sentimental Bloke 118 The deeds and words of some un'appy bloke Who's missed the bus. 1922Daily Mail 28 Oct. 8/3 The Prime Minister has ‘missed the 'bus’... He has thrown away the greatest opportunity ever offered..to any statesman. 1940Manch. Guardian Weekly 10 May 357 He [sc. Mr. Chamberlain]..boasted that Hitler has ‘missed the bus’.
2. a. Short for bus-bar (see 3) (Cent. Dict. Suppl. 1909). spec. (also buss) a major path along which signals are transferred from one part of a computer system to another; = highway 2 c.
1930Proc. Inst. Radio Engin. XVIII. 438 A panel voltmeter is connected to the filament bus to facilitate the adjustment of the bus voltage. 1946Ann. Computation Lab. Harvard Univ. I. 12 All units in the machine are connected to the central distribution buss over which numbers are transferred from one unit to another with the aid of timed electrical impulses. 1949[see highway 2 c]. 1969U.S. Patent 3,480,769, Control signals are encoded and routed over single wire busses and decoded at each analog computer circuit so that the signal on a single buss can provide any one of a fairly large number of operating conditions. 1972IEEE Trans. Nuclear Sci. XIX. 674/1 The general data bus consists of a controller on the computer 1–0 bus and a bidirectional 16-bit parallel data bus with six additional control lines. 1977Sci. Amer. Sept. 88/1 An organizational principle of almost all microprocessors is that the various parts of the machine communicate with one another through a system of conductors called a bus. 1985Personal Computer World Feb. 183 (Advt.), Range of host interfaces for popular buses.
b. colloq. (a) an aeroplane; (b) a motor car; (c) a motor cycle.
1910Flight 13 Aug. 648 (caption) A Blériot ‘Bus’ being Built. Ibid., M. Blériot..has nearly completed a four-seater monoplane{ddd} The day of the aerial 'bus will soon be with us. 1916C. Winchester Flying Men 213 We were about 2500 feet above the ‘'buses’. 1921Times Lit. Suppl. 24 Feb. 113/4 Cadets..marching in their companies and battalions or gadgeting with 'buses on Port Meadow. 1924J. Buchan Three Hostages xii. 179 Got here last night after a clinkin' journey, with the bus [sc. an aeroplane] behavin' like a lamb. 1927D. L. Sayers Unnat. Death xi. 131 ‘Excuse me,’ said..a youth in motor-cycling kit, ‘but could you give me a hand with my 'bus?’
3. attrib. and Comb., as bus company, bus conductor (conductor 7), bus conductress, bus crew, bus driver, bus load, bus queue (queue n. 3), bus ride, bus route, bus station, bus terminal, bus ticket, bus time-table, bus top; bus-riding adj.; bus-bar, -conductor Electr., a system of conductors in a generating station on which all the power of all the generators is collected for distribution or, in a receiving station, on which the power from the generating station is received for distribution; also attrib. (cf. omnibus a. 2 c); bus-boy orig. U.S. = omnibus n. 4; busman, the driver of a bus; so busman's holiday, leisure time spent in occupations of the same nature as those in which one engages for a living; bus-rod = bus-bar; bus-shelter, a roadside structure affording protection from the weather to passengers intending to travel by bus; bus-stop, a place at which a bus makes a regular halt.
1893Sloane Stand. Elect. Dict., Bus Rod...Synonyms—Omnibus Rod, Wire or Bar—Bus Bar, or Wire. 1897Daily News 9 Dec. 10/3 The currents of electricity generated at these dynamos are led to one common conductor called ‘the bus-bar’. 1911Engineer 10 Mar. 238/3 The busbar voltage suddenly dropped. 1948Electronic Engin. XX. 38 Two cores of magnetic material linked the busbar so that the current caused them to be magnetically saturated.
1913Industrial Worker (Spokane, Washington) 12 June 4/2 They are cooks, bus boys, dishwashers. 1947Auden Age of Anxiety (1948) ii. 36 A bus-boy brushing a table. 1965R. Howard tr. S. de Beauvoir's Force of Circumstance x. 477 After a difficult adolescence, he had been a sailor, then a busboy in a London restaurant, and I don't know what else.
1899R. Whiteing No. 5 John St. xi. 107 My Samaritan gave me the letter to the 'bus company. 1905Times 9 Mar. 13/4 The London and District Motor Bus Company.
1846Chambers's Jrnl. V. 28/2 The only cry heard would be that of the 'bus-conductor for Paddington and Holloway. 1886Punch 27 Nov. 254/1 Bus Conductor (shouting from the Foot-board), Wes'minister! 1902Webster Suppl. s.v. Bus, Bus..conductor, etc. (Elec.). 1919Manch. Guardian 22 Oct. 8/6 Women 'bus conductors. 1935Discovery Feb. 58/2 London bus-conductors on the new ‘Q’ type motor-buses are having a busy time.
1916Sphere 30 Dec. 237 His [sc. a soldier's] sister in the garb of a 'bus conductress, an employment which she has taken up in her brother's absence. 1939Daily Mail 13 Sept. 3/3 The first women bus conductresses appeared in Manchester yesterday.
1958New Statesman 7 June 713/2 The admittedly underpaid bus crews.
1870D. J. Kirwan Palace & Hovel (1963) xi. 98 The cabbies are to the buss drivers a sort of gypsies. 1905G. B. Shaw in Shaw on Shakespeare (1962) 149 Beatrice..saying things that a flower-girl would spare a busdriver as if they were gems of delicate intuition.
1888G. & W. Grossmith Diary of Nobody (1892) iii. 42 All our 'bus-load..seemed to be going in. 1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren xvi. 359 Bus-loads of youngsters come in from the surrounding villages.
1851Mayhew Lond. Labour III. 348 As the busmen call them. 1887Pall Mall G. 25 July 6/1 Tale of the 'bus men's woes..the private 'buses. 1893Eng. Illustr. Mag. 488/2, I shall indeed take a holiday soon,..but it will be a ‘Busman's Holiday’. 1921Times (weekly ed.) 19 Aug., The proverbial ‘busman's holiday’ is nothing to that of the man who retires from business. 1927Observer 21 Aug. 13/2 The U.S.A. Secretary for War..said..‘No, I did not go to see the military manœuvres. Busmen's holidays do not give me any delight.’ 1938R. Finlayson Brown Man's Burden 31 He was lucky to get safely back to the village at all! A friendly bus-man put him off at the right place.
1950‘R. Crompton’ William—the Bold ii. 58 You'd think it was a treat to stand in a bus queue.
1908Kipling Lett. of Travel (1920) 199 A 'bus-ride down the Strand. 1952M. Laski Village xii. 175 It would save the bus-ride.
1898Daily News 14 Apr. 7/2 The 'bus riding public. 1898A. Bennett Man fr. North vii. 44 Cab-fares, bus-routes, and local railways.
1936Discovery Sept. 299/2 Birds of the Green Belt contains a useful transport guide of train and bus routes.
1945City of Oxf. Council Rep. 16 Feb. 240 It is recommended that..the principle of the provision by Council of roadside bus shelters be accepted. 1960C. Wilson Ritual in Dark ii. ii. 212 An old man, crouched in a bus shelter.
1952M. Laski Village vii. 120 The big mock-marble cinema opposite the bus-station.
1916E. Pound Lustra 25 You loiter at the corners and bus-stops. 1930City of Oxf. Council Rep. 20 Feb. 241 That notices ‘Bus Stop’ be marked on the road at the usual stopping places at Carfax.
1947M. Lowry Under Volcano ix. 254 Had not Geoffrey met her at the Bus Terminal?
1949Granta Christmas No. 43 Punctopapyrists (bus ticket collectors to you).
1928R. Knox Footsteps at Lock xiv. 138 He asked for a railway guide and a 'bus time-table.
1905Westm. Gaz. 31 May 10/2 ‘The Delights of London’, introducing various amusing ‘imitations’—in a tea-shop, on a 'bus-top, and so forth. 1927Glasgow Herald 18 Aug. 9 The most interesting 'bus-top ride which London can offer.
Add:[3.] busway, a road reserved exclusively for buses; spec. one constructed with grooves or tracks to guide the vehicle; cf. tramway n. 1.
1961Wall St. Jrnl. 27 Dec. 1/1 Baltimore would like to build three-lane ‘*busways’, for exclusive use by express buses. 1966Daily Tel. 15 Aug. 16/3 Among the ideas for town travel now being assessed by Ministry scientific experts..are high-speed mono-rails, guided buses to run along ‘busways’ only a few inches wider than the bus, [etc.]. 1976P. R. White Planning for Public Transport iii. 68 The concept of providing bus priorities on existing roads, and building separate stations, may be extended to that of building entirely separate busways. 1984Buses Feb. 69/3 The 600 metres of busway will give operating experience necessary for possible further extension to the [guided busway] system.
▸ bus lane n. a traffic lane restricted to use by buses (and sometimes other designated vehicles), either all day or at certain times.
1966Roads in Urban Areas 48 (caption) *Bus lane. 1968Autocar 7 Mar. 61/3 The first week's working of the London experiments with bus lanes in Park Lane and on Vauxhall Bridge. 1980R. E. Flathman Practice Polit. Authority iii. 55 Bus lane: buses and taxis only, 8:00 A.M.–10:00 A.M., 4:00 P.M.–7:00 P.M., Monday to Friday. 1995Independent 23 May 6/8 How about, for an experimental period, closing the House of Commons car park, giving each MP a week's bus pass, and putting a bus lane up and down Whitehall?
▪ III. bus, n.3|bɪz|
Colloq. abbrev. of business 20.
1864Hotten Slang Dict. (ed. 3) 90 Bus, business (of which it is a contraction) or action, on the stage. 1933Auden Dance of Death 10 A. Shall I show you? B. Please. [Bus.] 1949Wodehouse Mating Season ix. 90 ‘Throughout the script the word ‘bus’ in brackets occurs... Can you explain it?’ ‘It's short for ‘business’. That's where you hit Mike with your umbrella. To show the audience that there has been a joke.’
▪ IV. bus, v. (3rd sing.) north. dial.
Also buse, bos, bose, boes, (boost). pa. tense bud(e, bute, bood, boot, boud, bode. pres. subj. bove.
[Contracted f. behoves, behoved, chiefly used impersonally. Transition forms in pa. tense were byhod, behode: see behove. The pa. tense bud, bid, is still used in Sc. of moral or logical necessity: it is no longer impersonal.]
†1. impers. (It) behoves, is obligatory upon, is necessary for. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 9870 Of a womman bos him be born. Ibid. 10639 Þan bus þis may be clene and bright. Ibid. Resurrection 68. p. 986 Þat day..bode man again be boght. 1352Minot Poems (1887) ix. 28 At the Nevil-cros, nedes bud tham knele. c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 107 (Ellesm.) Him boes [v.r. bihoues, byhoueþ, falles, he muste] serue hym selne that has na swayn. c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 3022 With both at ones bihoves him fight, So bus the do. c1400Destr. Troy 5115, I bid þerfore barly, þat he bove herchyn. c1440York Myst. viii. 148 Nowe bus me wende. c1500Poem on Death in Halliwell Nugæ P. 40 To rekkenynge buse us ryse.
2. mod.Sc. pa. tense also as pres., with subject: Must, ought.
a1774Ferguson Election, For tricks ye buit be tryin'. 1786Burns Dream vi, I fear, that wi' the geese, I shortly boost to pasture I' the craft some day. 1790Shirref Poems 43 (Jam.) A' he said boot just be to the point. 1818S. E. Ferrier Marriage II. 123 ‘An' ye bute to hae an English wife tu.’ 1866Cornh. Mag. XIII. 359 They bude to meet again. 1868G. Macdonald R. Falconer I. 67, ‘I bude to speik whan I was spoken till.’
▪ V. bus, v.2
1. intr. To travel by bus; also in phr. to bus it. colloq.
1838New Monthly Mag. LIII. 93 A little too bad..that you and I..should be compelled to 'buss it. 1860Chamb. Jrnl. XIV. 116 We may ‘cab’ it..we may 'bus it; or we may go by boat. 1889Punch 2 Mar. 107/1 ‘Bus’-ing on the cheap. 1936J. B. Priestley They walk in City viii. 220 He had plenty of time to walk, bus, walk again. 1963Times 11 Mar. 13/3 Mother now wins the car for termtime and the foreseeable future, and father has to bus it or bicycle.
2. trans. To transport (people) by bus from one place to another, esp. in order to encourage or achieve racial integration. Hence ˈbus(s)ed ppl. a. U.S.
1961Webster s.v., The children were bussed to school. 1969New Yorker 31 May 86/3 Nine thousand children are now bused—about half as many as would have to be bused in the final stage of integration. 1969Ibid. 29 Nov. 151/1 What had been a restless gathering of bused-in teenagers turned into a rapt adoring cult as soon as Dayan began to speak.
Hence ˈbus(s)ing vbl. n., travelling or transportation by bus; (Mil.) boarding a bus.
1888G. & W. Grossmith Diary of Nobody (1892) v. 76 ‘We had better get into this blue 'bus.’.. ‘No blue-bussing for me.’ 1889[see above]. 1923Kipling Irish Guards in Gt. War I. 108 They were instructed in march-discipline..as well as in bussing and debussing against time into motor-buses. 1965Economist 19 June 1405/1 Local authorities should adopt the policy known in the United States as ‘bussing’—that is to say, spreading immigrants' children around over a wide area. 1969Guardian 18 Dec. 2/1 Southern Senators made a strong attempt today to prevent the integration of schools in the South by the bringing of black children from Negro areas to..schools in predominantly white areas. This controversial practice has become known simply as busing.
Add:[2.] b. [Back-formation from busboy s.v. bus n.2 3.] To clear (a table) of dirty dishes, etc., as in a restaurant or cafeteria; also, to carry or remove (dishes) from the table. N. Amer.
1952R. V. Williams Hard Way iii. 17 Laura and the guy with her..sat a table across from us under a big sign that said Bus your own trays. 1958Fast Food Jan. 40/3 Customers bus their own dishes to a window of the dishwashing room. 1979Washington Post 4 Feb. g2/3 John, 12, helped out washing dishes; and Jimmy, 16, bussed tables. 1980News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 28 Oct. 4/4 Your message is clear: Blacks who agree with you may dine at your table; all others will please bus the dishes. 1988New Yorker 1 Aug. 50/1 Chad Laughner, Chip's twelve-year-old son, buses tables at Castleton.
▪ VI. bus
Sc. form of bush. |