| 释义 |
▪ I. castigate, v.|ˈkæstɪgeɪt|
[f. L. castīgāt- ppl. stem of castīgā-re to chastise, correct, reprove (f. castus pure, chaste) + -ate3. See chastise.]
1. trans. To chastise, correct, inflict corrective punishment on; to subdue by punishment or discipline, to chasten; now usually, to punish or rebuke severely.
1607Shakes. Timon iv. iii. 240 If thou didst put this soure cold habit on To castigate thy pride, 'twere well. 1665Glanvill Sceps. Sci. 167 He..that cannot castigate his passions. 1865Mozley Mirac. vii. 291 It has only..castigated and educated the belief, and not destroyed it. 1873H. Spencer Stud. Sociol. vii. 170 Daily we castigate the political idol with a hundred pens. 1878S. Cox Salv. Mundi vi. (ed. 3) 142 Discipline by which they should be castigated for their sins.
2. To correct, revise, and emend (a literary work).
1666Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 190 Seneca's tragedies..have..been castigated abroad by several learned hands. a1742Bentley Lett. 237 He had adjusted and castigated the then Latin Vulgate to the best Greek exemplars.
†3. transf. To chasten or subdue (in intensity).
1653H. More Conject. Cabbal. (1713) 174 Morning is..a parcel of that full Day which was first created, and is castigated and mitigated by its conjunction with the dark Matter into a moderate Matutine Splendour. 1662Glanvill Lux Orient. xiv. (T.) Being so castigated, they are duly attempered to the more easy body of air again. 1669W. Simpson Hydrol. Chym. 112 If the narcotick Sulphur was castigated.
Hence ˈcastigated ppl. a., chastened.
1728Young Love Fame v. (1757) 136 The modest look, the castigated grace. 1784J. Barry Lect. Art vi. (1848) 228 This happily castigated style of design. 1787Burns Unco Guid iv, When your castigated pulse Gies now and then a wallop.
▪ II. † castigate, a. Obs.
[ad. L. castīgāt-us, pa. pple. of castīgāre: see prec. vb. and -ate2.]
Subdued, chastened, moderated; revised and emended.
1640H. More Antipsychop. Pref., Being supprest or very much castigate and kept under. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. i. v. 673 Seeming more cautious and castigate. 1837Hallam Hist. Lit. iii. iv. §14 The later editions..are castigate.
Hence † castigately adv.
1707Humfrey Justif. Baxter. 8 They have spoken many times..not castigately as they ought. |