| 释义 |
check- in comb.
[from the stem of check v.1]
Used attrib. ‘that serves to ‘check’ or control’, as check-block, check-ligament, † check-thong, check-ticket, check-valve, check-weight, check-wheel, etc.; check-back = check n.1 11; check-band, a drag-device attached to a spinning mule to check the varying velocity of the spindle carriage; check-bar (see quot.); check-book, a book in which items of control are entered (but see also cheque); check-brace, (see quot.); check-bridge, the fire-bridge of a boiler furnace; check-chain, a chain used to check the movement of a mechanism, a vehicle, etc. (see quots.); check-clerk, a clerk who checks accounts, lists, or any proceedings; check-collar, a collar used in horse-breaking; check-cord, (a) a cord used to check action or movement, lit. and fig.; spec. a long cord attached to the collar of a hunting dog to bring it to a sudden stop; (b) = check-string; check-dam (see quot. 1953); check-key, a latch-key; check-lock, (a) a small lock for closing the key-hole of a large lock, or otherwise securing a lock, bar, bolt, etc.; (b) (see quot.); so check-locking; check-man, a man who checks fares, tickets, etc.; check meter, (a) an instrument used to test the accuracy of electricity meters; (b) a meter used to measure the amount of gas or electricity used in a separate part of a house, etc.; check-nut, a nut screwed over another one to keep it from loosening; check-off (system) (see quot. 1923); check-out, (a) U.S. (see quot. 1956); (b) the act or process of checking out (see check v.1 16 e); also attrib.; (c) a desk at which payment is made in a self-service shop; also attrib.; check-pen N.Z., a special pen in a sheep-yard (see quot. 1950); check-piece, a portion of the head-part of a rein; check-point (orig. U.S.), (a) Aeronaut. (see quot. 1940); (b) a place (entrance, turnstile, barrier, etc.) where the movement of traffic, pedestrians, etc., is checked; a control-point; check-post = check-point (b); check-rail = guard-rail 2; check-rein, (a) a rein connecting the driving-rein of one horse to the bit of the other horse, a coupling-rein; (b) a strap which prevents a horse from lowering his head; check-ring, a ring to fasten the check-braces to the carriage body; check-room U.S., a cloak-room or baggage-room in a hotel, railway station, etc.; check rope, a rope used to check the recoil of a gun; check-set U.S., a device for setting out the checks for planting; check-stand U.S., a stand in which ‘checked’ articles are placed; check-strap, (a) the strap of a helmet, etc., running under the chin, by which it is held in position; (b) U.S., a strap controlling the bit in a horse's mouth; (c) a strap designed to prevent a door from opening too wide; check-till, a till with a contrivance to check the receipts; check-valve, a valve to prevent backward flow (spec. of water in a supply pipe); † check-watch, an officer who goes his rounds to challenge the sentinels so as to ensure their vigilance (cf. check v. 4 a); check-weigher, -weighman, at collieries, a man who in the interest of the workmen checks the weight of the coal sent up; hence check-weighing.
1926Electr. World 7 Aug. 280 The meter installers soon become very careful about reading meters, and thereby become a *check-back on any one who reads the meter later. 1931G. O. Russell Speech & Voice 6 This has made possible a check-back on acoustic control. 1954Koestler Invis. Writing xxviii. 306 Checkbacks had shown that the information was correct.
1892J. Nasmith Students' Cotton Spinning 276 Two principal faults arising from an imperfect adjustment of the *check band.
a1877Knight Dict. Mech., *Check-bar, a bar which limits the backward play of the jacks [in a piano-movement].
1888Daily News 26 July 5/5, 100 heavy *check-blocks were knocked away and the 20,000 tons of logs slid gracefully into the water.
1872(title) The *Cheque Book of the Chapel Royal (Camden Soc.).
1794Felton Carriages (1801) I. 211 The *check-braces are..single straps of leather, placed at the 4 angles of the body of Chaises or phaetons, to check the motion endways.
1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 8 The latter has generally a *check-chain, by which the wheel is pulled up, in order to be out of the way. a1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl., Check Chain, a chain connecting the car body with its truck. 1896Strand Mag. XII. 325/1 The sliding ways, cradle, and ship..glide down the appointed pathway..until retarded..and finally brought to rest by check-chains..connecting ship and shore.
1875‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Sports i. i. iii. 68 It is a tiresome task, and requires some degree of cruelty by means of the *check-collar and whip.
1908Daily Report 7 Feb. 1/4 When the competitors..combine to fleece their customers, the *check-cord on their power to run up prices is sometimes more difficult to apply.
1936Experiment Station Rec. Jan. 112 Brush *check dams seem most effective in regions where sandy soils predominate. 1943J. S. Huxley TV A vi. 30 The building of check-dams..for anti-erosion purposes. 1953Brit. Commonw. Forest Terminol. i. 25 Check dam, a dam built in a watercourse to prevent or reduce erosion.
1872Huxley Phys. vii. 173 These..helping to stop excessive rotation of the skull are called *check ligaments.
1850Chubb Locks & Keys 18 A *check-lock, with a small key, which throws a hard steel plate over the large key-hole. 1903Westm. Gaz. 1 Oct. 10/3 The ‘check-locking’ arrangement..ensures that until the movement of a point or signal has been fully completed the lever in the signal-box..is checked... As soon as the signal or point movement..is properly completed, the ‘check-lock’ is electrically removed.
1737–8Manch. School Reg. (1866) I. 9 Edward Coppock of Manchester, *checkman. 1866Cornh. Mag. Mar. 356 The old checkman came with his lantern to tick off the fares.
1909*Check meter [see calibrate v.]. 1964Economist 28 Mar. 1280/1 ‘Check meters’ are used by landlords who have one mains gas or electricity connection, and only one meter.
1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 27 Apr. 1/4 The management..has refused the local union a continuance of the ‘*check-off’, which has been in force heretofore. 1922Tom Mooney's Monthly (S.F.) Nov. 4/4 The miners were on strike against a cut in wages [and] abolition of the ‘check-off’ system. 1923J. D. Hackett Labor Terms in Management Engineering May, Check-Off System, a system whereby initiation fees, fines, and dues of union employees are deducted from their wages by the employer and periodically remitted to the district union organization. 1965Times 21 May 15/2 The deduction of union dues from pay by employers—the ‘check⁓off’ as the Americans term it.
1944Plane Talk Sept. 24 Advancement to radio operator ‘A’ may be earned by..training that must include *checkout on several types of multi-engine airplanes. 1956W. A. Heflin U.S.A.F. Dict. 111/2 Checkout, instruction or training given a pilot to familiarize him with a given aircraft. 1958Punch 6 Aug. 172/2 Hotel check-out times in America are quite late in the day. 1962E. Godfrey Retail Selling & Organ. xxi. 204 Few people nowadays are unfamiliar with the principle of collecting a basket, selecting the goods required from shelves and taking them to the check-out point. 1964Times Rev. Industry Mar. 98/2 The latter [store] has no less than 60 check-outs.
1922N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. 20 Sept. 152 A further lot of sheep [can be] placed in the *check-pen. 1950Ibid. July 7/3 In larger sets of yards one or more of these drafting pens communicate, via a gate, with the check pen(s)... Their purpose is to hold the sheep while they are being checked over for mistakes in drafting and for treatment.
1833Reg. Instr. Covalry i. 71 The..strap from *check-piece to check-piece, under the jaw-bone, is to keep the cavesson back from his eyes.
1940H. E. Baughman Aviation Dict. 48/1 *Check point. (1) A check point is a geographical location on the surface of the land or water, above which the position of an aircraft in flight can be accurately determined by means of visual reference... (2) Radio Range Station when instrument flight is necessary. 1940Crump & Maul Our Airliners 101 Allentown, the next check point, is twenty-four minutes away. 1950C. MacInnes To Victors the Spoils i. 48 We were stopped by a Redcap at a check-point. 1959Oxf. Mag. 26 Feb. 274/2 It is observed that x vehicles pass the various check-points on their way into the city. 1959Times 15 Apr. 13/2 The Russian stopping of four American lorries at the road check-point at Helmstedt. 1965Listener 9 Dec. 941/1, I showed our passports at Checkpoint Charlie.
1949F. Maclean Eastern Approaches ii. iii. 203 Anxiously we asked what we might expect in the way of *check posts or road blocks.
1876J. W. Barry Railway Appliances ii. 58 The extra rail, which is called a *check rail, relieves the sideways pressure of the wheels. 1906Westm. Gaz. 3 July 5/1 The check-rail..—a rail laid..to minimise the danger of the curve. 1962D. A. Boreham Narrow Gauge Railway Modelling ii. 20 For this reason the very greatest care should be taken with check-rails.
a1809T. Holcroft Mem. (1816) I. xiv. 123 He had shewn himself restive, and..was ridden in a *check-rein. 1873Holland A. Bonnic. i. 14 The check-rein of his leading horse. 1900G. Ade More Fables 154 He had gone past, on his way to the checkroom.
1801Felton Carriages Gloss., *Check-ring.
1969New Yorker 11 Oct. 43/2 In the new *checkrooms, there's going to be a marvellous new form of coat-checking.
1918Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms, *Check ropes, strong ropes employed to diminish recoil by increasing the frictional resistances.
1861Trans. Ill. Agric. Soc. IV. 248 He must have a boy to tend the *check-set of the corn-planter.
1886E. W. Howe Moonlight Boy 102 My friend left his own baggage at a *check stand. 1904F. Lynde Grafters ii. 31 The train was in, and the porter had fetched Loring's handbag from the check-stand. 1961Progressive Grocer Dec. 54 View over checkstands shows..small..area with plywood walls..showing non-foods on special.
1857G. A. Lawrence Guy Livingst. (Hoppe) Look at the helmet, with the clean even gap in it, cloven down to the *check-strap. 1887Scribner's Mag. Oct. 508/1 ‘I'll put a check-strap on him, if he won't do it!’ a little chap exclaimed..using a phrase drawn from the training of horses. 1962Which? Suppl. July 107/2 The door check straps were disintegrating.
1589R. Harvey Pl. Perc. (1590) 7 Curbd with a *checkthong, as bigge as a towpenny halter.
1825Hone Every-day Bk. I. 693 The *check ticket was a card.
a1877Knight Dict. Mech., *Check-valve. 1930Engineering 14 Nov. 627/2 Connected in the feed range immediately before the boiler check valves. 1963Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) iv. 9 Reflux valve (check valve, deprecated; retaining valve, deprecated), an automatic non-return valve which opens freely to permit fluid to pass in one direction but closes under its own weight when motion ceases or when the fluid commences to flow in a reverse direction.
1375Barbour Bruce x. 613 Apon the wall, The *chak-wachis assemblit all. 1828–41Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) I. 112 The check-watches..were making their round and challenging the sentinels.
1885Weekly Notes 64/2 A *check-weigher in a mine. 1887Times 23 June 9 The rights and duties of the curious, almost unique functionary—the check-weigher, appointed by the men to supervise the employer.
1888Daily News 16 July 2/4 Matters relating to *check-weighmen and the question of rents and wayleaves for getting and carrying coal.
1822Hazlitt Table-t. I. iv. 79 Common sense thus acts as a *check-weight on sophistry.
1872Baker Nile Tribut. ix. 151 The reel overran itself, having no *check-wheel.
Add: checksum, check sum Computing, a sum calculated from the digits in a set of data and transmitted or stored with the data to provide a means of automatic checking for any subsequent corruption.
1940W. J. Eckert Punched Card Methods iii. 27 *Check sums detect misplaced cards and errors of transposition. 1979Personal Computer World Nov. 45/1 Rundle says that he was virtually forced to design a checksum cassette handling system because there was no other way of loading an 8K byte program. 1986ZX Computing Monthly Oct. 52/3 The scope for errors when typing in the long lists of numbers is considerable, even with checksums. |