| 释义 |
▪ I. customary, a.|ˈkʌstəmərɪ|
Also 6 -rye, 6–7 -rie, 7 costomary.
[ad. med.L. custumārius, -omārius, repr. L. consuētūdinārius, f. consuētūdinem: see custom and -ary.]
1. According to custom; commonly used or practised; usual, habitual, accustomed, wonted.
1607Shakes. Cor. ii. iii. 93, I haue heere the Customarie Gowne. 1645Rutherford Tryal & Tri. Faith (1845) 116 Customary running lengtheneth the breath. 1705Stanhope Paraphr. III. 525 The utter Insensibility..of the..Conscience, which customary sinning introduces. 1712W. Rogers Voy. 33 Such Weather is customary as we draw near the Line. 1838Lytton Alice 43 Recovering his customary self-possession. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola i. xx, It was customary to have very long troops of kindred and friends at the..betrothal.
†b. transf. of persons. Obs. (Cf. habitual.)
1796Pegge Anonym. (1809) 189 It falls not within the compass of my remembrance, that a customary Dram-drinker ever left it off.
2. Established by or depending on custom.
1660Willsford Scales Comm. 36 The customary measure of any place being known..to find how much it will make by a greater or a lesser measure of another place. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 161 The family was a religious and customary institution binding the members together.
†3. Perfunctory or mechanical from habitual performance. Obs.
1654Whitlock Zootomia 349 In her devotions, she is serious, not Customary. [1670Clarendon Contempl. on Ps. Tracts (1727) 712 There is a customary recital of prayers, and as customary an unconcernment in them.]
4. Law.
a. Liable, subject to, or under customs or dues of various kinds, as customary tenants (med.L. custumarii), customary tenure, customary lands, etc. But in later usage this has come to be taken as: Holding or held by custom (e.g. of the manor).
b. Relating to, depending on, or established by custom as contrasted with general law.
customary mill = custom mill: see custom 6.
1523Fitzherb. Surv. Prol., Than may the lorde..haue parfyte knowledge..who is his freholders, copye holders, customarye tenaunte, or tenaunt at his wyll. Ibid. 15 They..ought to haue a customarie role, wherin is euery mannes lande contayned, and what rent, customes, and seruyces euery man ought to pay and do. 1577Harrison England ii. ix. (1877) i. 202 Customarie law consisteth of certeine laudable customes vsed in some priuat countrie. 1592West 1st Pt. Symbol. §103 C, The said customarie lands and tenements. 1620J. Wilkinson Coroners & Sherifes 145 If any customarie tenant or copiholder hold two parcels of land by herriot service. 1709Lond. Gaz. No. 4505/4 The several Manors of Bovey-Tracey [etc.]..with the Market and Fairs of Bovey-Tracey aforesaid, and the Customary Mills there. 1789Bentham Princ. Legisl. xix. §28 The laws..may subsist either in the form of statute or in that of customary law. 1858Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xx. 151 Property of every description, including copyhold and customary lands. 1880Times 9 Aug. 3/5 A custom had existed, which had now become a part of the customary estate, that the customary tenants should win and get the minerals under their own tenements.
c. customary court: formerly in England, a manorial court which exercised jurisdiction over the copyhold tenants of the manor, and administered the custom of the manor as contrasted with the common law. It is distinguished from the court baron which exercised a jurisdiction over freeholders. customary holder, a customary tenant; so customary-hold.
1523Fitzherb. Surv. xviii. (1539) 39 Copye holder, Customary holder. 1628Coke On Litt. 58 a, A customary Court, and that doth concerne Copiholders, and therein the Lord or his Steward is the Judge. Now as there can be no Court baron without freeholders, so there cannot bee this kind of customary Court without Copiholders or Customary holders. 1844Williams Real Prop. (1877) 225 Any freehold, copyhold or customary-hold property. 1876K. E. Digby Real Property v. §6. 256.
†5. Of the nature of customs-duty or tribute.
1677Sir T. Herbert Trav. 43 Toll gatherers..ready to search and exact a customary Tribute for the Mogul.
6. as n. A customary ceremony.
1756S. Richardson Corresp. (1804) III. 231 The little parting customaries are not to be mentioned.
▪ II. customary, custumary, n.|ˈkʌstəmərɪ, ˈkʌstjuːmərɪ|
[ad. med.L. custumārius, -ārium, representing OF. coustumier, L. consuētūdinārius, -ārium, subst. uses of the adj.: see prec.]
1. Law. A written collection of customs (see custom n. 2); a book or document setting forth the customs of a manor, city, province, etc.
1604in Eng. Gilds (1870) 432 The Costomary of the mannor of Tettenhall regis. a1618Raleigh in Gutch Coll. Cur. I. 64 By the customary of Bretaigne the Lords have aids towards the marrying of their daughters. 1818Hallam Mid. Ages (1841) I. i. 133 The earliest written customary in France is that of Bearn. 1885Law Times' Rep. LIII. 503/1 Although such custom was not contained in any of the customaries of the manor.
b. transf. The customs of a country, etc. collectively, even though not reduced to writing.
1796Burke Regic. Peace i. Wks. VIII. 182 The whole of the polity and economy of every country in Europe..was drawn from the old Germanick or Gothick custumary. 1859G. W. Dasent Pop. Tales fr. Norse Introd. xi., The codes of the Lombards, Franks, and Goths were not mere savage, brutal customaries.
2. Eccl. A treatise containing the ritual and ceremonial usages of a religious house, order, college; = consuetudinary n.
1882J. W. Legg Notes Hist. Liturg. Colours 43 Richard de Ware was Abbot of Westminster from 1258 to 1283, and caused a custumary to be written. |