† chawn.¹

Forms: (Also 1500s chawe, cheaw, chew.)

Etymology: Apparently a by-form of jaw n.¹, modified by association with the verb chew or its by-form chaw; it was contemporary in origin with the latter.

Obsolete.

a. Usually in plural. Jaws, chaps, fauces.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > jaws > [noun]

rakeeOE

jowlOE

jawsc1374

chafta1400

chop?a1513

chaw1530

chop1615

masticator1681

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 507 Get me a kaye to open his chawes.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job xxxiii. 1 I will open my mouth, and my tonge shal speake out of my chawes.

1540 Earl of Surrey How no Age in Poems 66 My withered skin How it doth shew my dented chews..And eke my toothless chaps.

1548 J. Olde tr. Erasmus Paraphr. 2 Tim. 25 I was delyuered from the moste rageing lyons cheawes.

1557 Primer M ij How swete be thy wordes to my chawes.

1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. I5^v From the chawes of the greedie lions.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xi. xxix. 328 Any greater load than they can bite betweene their chawes.

1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. xxxviii. 4 [also xxix. 4] I will..put hookes into thy chawes [mod. edd. jaws].

1626 T. Scott Sir Walter Rawleighs Ghost 116 The same little beast..also entering into the chawes of the Crocodile.

b. rarely in singular. A jaw.

ΚΠ

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D4 All the poison ran about his chaw.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xi. xxxvii. 337 The Camell..hath no foreteeth in the upper chaw.

Compounds

chaw-bone n. = jaw-bone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > jawbones > lower

jowlOE

chin-bonec1000

cheek boneOE

chaft-bonea1300

mandible?a1425

chawle-bone1430

jawbone1490

chaw-bone1546

choule1573

chap1575

mandibula1704

inferior maxilla1846

submaxilla1877

1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke iii. x. 77 a The Chaw-bone of a serpent.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (iii. 6) 663 The Lord opened a chawbone.

a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 144 To break the chaw-bone of the lye.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

chawv.

Brit.

/tʃɔː/, U.S.

/tʃɔ/,

/tʃɑ/

Forms: Also 1500s–1600s chawe.

Etymology: A by-form of chew v. (Old English céowan ), found since 16th cent. The form is not easily accounted for, but it agrees with modern Dutch kauwen , German kauen , Low German kauen , kawen , as distinct fromMiddle High German kiuwen , Old High German chiuwan , Middle Dutch kuwen ; and it is not far phonetically from another variant chow , chowe , used in English in 16th cent., and now in Scots and some English dialects; see chow v. Chaw was very common in 16–17th cent.; it occurs in Udall, Bradford, Levins, Golding, Marbeck, Baret, Breton, Drayton, Marston, Dekker, Topsell, Donne, Ben Jonson, Markham, Boyle, Fuller, Cogan, Harris, etc. in addition to the authors cited below. ‘It is now esteemed vulgar, and is used of coarse or vulgar actions, as “chawing” tobacco.’ ( N.E.D.)(A suggested explanation of the form is a possible passing of the Old English céowan, céaw, cuwon, cowen, into another conjugation, as ceawan, céow, ceawen; but as no trace of the chaw form occurs before 1530, this seems unhistorical.)

(now vulgar).

a. transitive. To chew; now esp. to chew roughly, to champ; or to chew without swallowing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > chew

grindc1200

chew1377

chow1382

chaw1530

masticate1562

chop1581

manducate1623

jawa1625

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 481/2 There be mo beestes than the oxe that chawe their cudde.

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. Table Script. Quots. As yet the flesh was betweene their teeth, neither as yet was chawed.

1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. f. 12, in 2nd Pt. Herball Chawe your meate well.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 130^v If they [sc. cattle] want their digestion, or chawe not Cud.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D4 Malicious Enuy..still did chaw Betweene his cankred teeth a venemous tode.

1600 R. Hakluyt tr. F. Lopez de Gomara in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 382 When they eate, they chawe their meate but little.

1610 Bible (Douay) II. Prov. xxx. 14 A generation, that..chaweth with theyr grinding teeth.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 151 They are alwayes chawing it [sc. opium].

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler viii. 172 Chaw a little white or brown bread in your mouth.

1665 S. Pepys Diary 7 June (1972) VI. 120 Some roll-tobacco to smell to and chaw.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 241 Nor chaw'd the Flesh of Lambs but when he cou'd.

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) ii. v. ⁋94 He has Thistles to chaw.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. ii. 20 You must larn to chaw baccy.

1878 H. B. Stowe Poganuc People iii. 23 They've bit off more'n they can chaw.

Thesaurus »

Categories »

†b. spec. To make (bullets) jagged by biting (cf. champ v. 5; for quots. see chawed adj.). Obsolete.

c. intransitive.

ΚΠ

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. f. 61 They doo not only forbid to eate, but also euen sclenderly to chawe.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1206/2 Hauing some good morsel..giuen him to chaw vpon.

1608 Yorkshire Trag. sig. A4 That morgage sits like a snaffle vpon mine inheritance, and makes me chaw vpon Iron.

1638 W. Gilberte MS. Let. Abp. Ussher I have chawed many times upon those husks.

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis xiii. 134 The women do continually chaw of these three things.

1704 Dict. Rusticum at Blood-letting Making him [sc. a horse] chaw and move his Chops.

1884 Bath Jrnl. 26 July 6/5 Two lions and a tiger..began ‘chawing’ away at my leg.

†2. figurative.

a. ? To corrode, fret, wear down.

ΚΠ

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. i. 137 I am god Tybris..Quhilk..with mony iawp and iaw Bettis thir brayis, chawing the bankis doun [but ed. 1874 has schawand, = shavand, L. stringentem].

b. To mouth or mumble (words).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > mutter or mumble

muttera1425

mumblec1450

murmurc1460

blabber?a1513

palter?1548

fumble1555

flummer1563

chaw1570

buzz1583

mumpa1586

demurmurate1641

loll1655

muttera1690

swallowa1791

sough1821

hummera1860

lip1887

mum-mumble1917

potato-mouth1937

rhubarb1958

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2238/2 The Priestes doe so champe them and chaw them [sc. Latin words].

a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV lxxi, in Poems (1878) IV. 18 They who in Richard's Raigne..the gaudye word Of Tyrranie had Chaw'd.

c. To ruminate upon, brood over.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > consider, deliberate [verb (transitive)]

i-thenchec897

showeOE

i-mune971

thinkOE

overthinkOE

takec1175

umbethinkc1175

waltc1200

bethinkc1220

wend?c1225

weighc1380

delivera1382

peisea1382

considerc1385

musec1390

to look over ——a1393

advise?c1400

debatec1400

roll?c1400

revert?a1425

advertc1425

deliberc1425

movec1425

musec1425

revolvec1425

contemplec1429

overseec1440

to think overc1440

perpend1447

roil1447

pondera1450

to eat inc1450

involvec1470

ponderate?a1475

reputec1475

counterpoise1477

poisea1483

traversec1487

umbecast1487

digest1488

undercast1489

overhalec1500

rumble1519

volve?1520

compassa1522

recount1526

trutinate1528

cast1530

expend1531

ruminate1533

concoct1534

contemplate1538

deliberate1540

revolute1553

chawa1558

to turn over1568

cud1569

cogitate1570

huik1570

chew1579

meditatec1580

discourse1581

speculate1599

theorize1599

scance1603

verse1614

pensitate1623

agitate1629

spell1633

study1659

designa1676

introspect1683

troll1685

balance1692

to figure on or upon1837

reflect1862

mull1873

to mull over1874

scour1882

mill1905

a1558 Princess Elizabeth in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 3 June (1885) I. 256 I..chawe them by musing.

1599 T. Heywood 2nd Pt. King Edward IV sig. O2 He chawes his mallice.

1603 H. Crosse Vertues Common-wealth sig. M3 Large roomes, wherein a man may walke and chawe his melancholy for want of other repast.

1633 G. Herbert Content in Temple viii When all thy deeds..are chaw'd by others pen and tongue.

1845 E. Robinson Whitehall I. xix. 220 'Tis an observation for your chawing.

3. slang, chiefly in U.S. to chaw up: to demolish, ‘do for’, ‘smash’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > bring to ruin or put an end to

undoc950

shendOE

forfarea1000

endc1000

to do awayOE

aquenchc1175

slayc1175

stathea1200

tinea1300

to-spilla1300

batec1300

bleschea1325

honisha1325

leesea1325

wastec1325

stanch1338

corrumpa1340

destroy1340

to put awayc1350

dissolvec1374

supplanta1382

to-shend1382

aneantizec1384

avoidc1384

to put outa1398

beshenda1400

swelta1400

amortizec1405

distract1413

consumec1425

shelfc1425

abroge1427

downthringc1430

kill1435

poisonc1450

defeat1474

perish1509

to blow away1523

abrogatea1529

to prick (also turn, pitch) over the perka1529

dash?1529

to bring (also send) to (the) pot1531

put in the pot1531

wipea1538

extermine1539

fatec1540

peppera1550

disappoint1563

to put (also set) beside the saddle1563

to cut the throat of1565

to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568

to make a hand of (also on, with)1569

demolish1570

to break the neck of1576

to make shipwreck of1577

spoil1578

to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)1579

cipher1589

ruinate1590

to cut off by the shins1592

shipwreck1599

exterminate1605

finish1611

damnify1612

ravel1614

braina1616

stagger1629

unrivet1630

consummate1634

pulverizea1640

baffle1649

devil1652

to blow up1660

feague1668

shatter1683

cook1708

to die away1748

to prove fatal (to)1759

to knock up1764

to knock (or kick) the hindsight out or off1834

to put the kibosh on1834

to cook (rarely do) one's goose1835

kibosh1841

to chaw up1843

cooper1851

to jack up1870

scuttle1888

to bugger up1891

jigger1895

torpedo1895

on the fritz1900

to put paid to1901

rot1908

down and out1916

scuppera1918

to put the skids under1918

stonker1919

liquidate1924

to screw up1933

cruel1934

to dig the grave of1934

pox1935

blow1936

to hit for six1937

to piss up1937

to dust off1938

zap1976

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xxi. 193 The patriotic loco-foco movement..in which the whigs was so chawed up.

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xxi. 259 There air some catawampous chawers in the small way too.

1857 F. Douglass Speech (Bartlett, at Catawampously) For fear of being catawamptiously chawed up.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	chaw
释义	† chawn.¹ Forms: (Also 1500s chawe, cheaw, chew.) Etymology: Apparently a by-form of jaw n.¹, modified by association with the verb chew or its by-form chaw; it was contemporary in origin with the latter. Obsolete. a. Usually in plural. Jaws, chaps, fauces. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > jaws > [noun] rakeeOE jowlOE jawsc1374 chafta1400 chop?a1513 chaw1530 chop1615 masticator1681 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 507 Get me a kaye to open his chawes. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job xxxiii. 1 I will open my mouth, and my tonge shal speake out of my chawes. 1540 Earl of Surrey How no Age in Poems 66 My withered skin How it doth shew my dented chews..And eke my toothless chaps. 1548 J. Olde tr. Erasmus Paraphr. 2 Tim. 25 I was delyuered from the moste rageing lyons cheawes. 1557 Primer M ij How swete be thy wordes to my chawes. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. I5^v From the chawes of the greedie lions. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xi. xxix. 328 Any greater load than they can bite betweene their chawes. 1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. xxxviii. 4 [also xxix. 4] I will..put hookes into thy chawes [mod. edd. jaws]. 1626 T. Scott Sir Walter Rawleighs Ghost 116 The same little beast..also entering into the chawes of the Crocodile. b. rarely in singular. A jaw. ΚΠ 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D4 All the poison ran about his chaw. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xi. xxxvii. 337 The Camell..hath no foreteeth in the upper chaw. Compounds chaw-bone n. = jaw-bone. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > jawbones > lower jowlOE chin-bonec1000 cheek boneOE chaft-bonea1300 mandible?a1425 chawle-bone1430 jawbone1490 chaw-bone1546 choule1573 chap1575 mandibula1704 inferior maxilla1846 submaxilla1877 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke iii. x. 77 a The Chaw-bone of a serpent. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (iii. 6) 663 The Lord opened a chawbone. a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 144 To break the chaw-bone of the lye. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2021). chawn.² Etymology: < chaw v. now vulgar. An act of chewing; also, that which is chewed, e.g. a quid of tobacco. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consistency of food > [noun] > chewy substance chaw1709 broma1811 chewable1846 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > [noun] > suitable for chewing chaw1709 chewing-tobacco1789 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > [noun] > tobacco in a roll, cake, or stick > small piece cut from cudeOE quid1720 chew1725 chaw1772 fid1793 fig1838 plug1843 1709 W. King Voyage to Cajamai Pref., in Useful Trans. Tabacco..being twisted like a Cord serves for a Chaw. 1772 Gentleman's Mag. 42 191 The tars..Took their chaws, hitched their trousers, and grinn'd in our faces. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xiv. 204 The boy was made to open his mouth, while the chaw of tobacco was extracted. 1948 D. Ballantyne Cunninghams i. xxix. 145 Barry held out a bag of chaws. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2018). chawv. Brit. /tʃɔː/, U.S. /tʃɔ/, /tʃɑ/ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s chawe. Etymology: A by-form of chew v. (Old English céowan ), found since 16th cent. The form is not easily accounted for, but it agrees with modern Dutch kauwen , German kauen , Low German kauen , kawen , as distinct fromMiddle High German kiuwen , Old High German chiuwan , Middle Dutch kuwen ; and it is not far phonetically from another variant chow , chowe , used in English in 16th cent., and now in Scots and some English dialects; see chow v. Chaw was very common in 16–17th cent.; it occurs in Udall, Bradford, Levins, Golding, Marbeck, Baret, Breton, Drayton, Marston, Dekker, Topsell, Donne, Ben Jonson, Markham, Boyle, Fuller, Cogan, Harris, etc. in addition to the authors cited below. ‘It is now esteemed vulgar, and is used of coarse or vulgar actions, as “chawing” tobacco.’ ( N.E.D.)(A suggested explanation of the form is a possible passing of the Old English céowan, céaw, cuwon, cowen, into another conjugation, as ceawan, céow, ceawen; but as no trace of the chaw form occurs before 1530, this seems unhistorical.) (now vulgar). 1. a. transitive. To chew; now esp. to chew roughly, to champ; or to chew without swallowing. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > chew grindc1200 chew1377 chow1382 chaw1530 masticate1562 chop1581 manducate1623 jawa1625 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 481/2 There be mo beestes than the oxe that chawe their cudde. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. Table Script. Quots. As yet the flesh was betweene their teeth, neither as yet was chawed. 1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. f. 12, in 2nd Pt. Herball Chawe your meate well. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 130^v If they [sc. cattle] want their digestion, or chawe not Cud. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D4 Malicious Enuy..still did chaw Betweene his cankred teeth a venemous tode. 1600 R. Hakluyt tr. F. Lopez de Gomara in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 382 When they eate, they chawe their meate but little. 1610 Bible (Douay) II. Prov. xxx. 14 A generation, that..chaweth with theyr grinding teeth. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 151 They are alwayes chawing it [sc. opium]. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler viii. 172 Chaw a little white or brown bread in your mouth. View more context for this quotation 1665 S. Pepys Diary 7 June (1972) VI. 120 Some roll-tobacco to smell to and chaw. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 241 Nor chaw'd the Flesh of Lambs but when he cou'd. a1734 R. North Examen (1740) ii. v. ⁋94 He has Thistles to chaw. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. ii. 20 You must larn to chaw baccy. 1878 H. B. Stowe Poganuc People iii. 23 They've bit off more'n they can chaw. Thesaurus » Categories » †b. spec. To make (bullets) jagged by biting (cf. champ v. 5; for quots. see chawed adj.). Obsolete. c. intransitive. ΚΠ 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. f. 61 They doo not only forbid to eate, but also euen sclenderly to chawe. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1206/2 Hauing some good morsel..giuen him to chaw vpon. 1608 Yorkshire Trag. sig. A4 That morgage sits like a snaffle vpon mine inheritance, and makes me chaw vpon Iron. 1638 W. Gilberte MS. Let. Abp. Ussher I have chawed many times upon those husks. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis xiii. 134 The women do continually chaw of these three things. 1704 Dict. Rusticum at Blood-letting Making him [sc. a horse] chaw and move his Chops. 1884 Bath Jrnl. 26 July 6/5 Two lions and a tiger..began ‘chawing’ away at my leg. †2. figurative. a. ? To corrode, fret, wear down. ΚΠ 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. i. 137 I am god Tybris..Quhilk..with mony iawp and iaw Bettis thir brayis, chawing the bankis doun [but ed. 1874 has schawand, = shavand, L. stringentem]. b. To mouth or mumble (words). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > mutter or mumble muttera1425 mumblec1450 murmurc1460 blabber?a1513 palter?1548 fumble1555 flummer1563 chaw1570 buzz1583 mumpa1586 demurmurate1641 loll1655 muttera1690 swallowa1791 sough1821 hummera1860 lip1887 mum-mumble1917 potato-mouth1937 rhubarb1958 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2238/2 The Priestes doe so champe them and chaw them [sc. Latin words]. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV lxxi, in Poems (1878) IV. 18 They who in Richard's Raigne..the gaudye word Of Tyrranie had Chaw'd. c. To ruminate upon, brood over. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > consider, deliberate [verb (transitive)] i-thenchec897 showeOE i-mune971 thinkOE overthinkOE takec1175 umbethinkc1175 waltc1200 bethinkc1220 wend?c1225 weighc1380 delivera1382 peisea1382 considerc1385 musec1390 to look over ——a1393 advise?c1400 debatec1400 roll?c1400 revert?a1425 advertc1425 deliberc1425 movec1425 musec1425 revolvec1425 contemplec1429 overseec1440 to think overc1440 perpend1447 roil1447 pondera1450 to eat inc1450 involvec1470 ponderate?a1475 reputec1475 counterpoise1477 poisea1483 traversec1487 umbecast1487 digest1488 undercast1489 overhalec1500 rumble1519 volve?1520 compassa1522 recount1526 trutinate1528 cast1530 expend1531 ruminate1533 concoct1534 contemplate1538 deliberate1540 revolute1553 chawa1558 to turn over1568 cud1569 cogitate1570 huik1570 chew1579 meditatec1580 discourse1581 speculate1599 theorize1599 scance1603 verse1614 pensitate1623 agitate1629 spell1633 view1637 study1659 designa1676 introspect1683 troll1685 balance1692 to figure on or upon1837 reflect1862 mull1873 to mull over1874 scour1882 mill1905 a1558 Princess Elizabeth in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 3 June (1885) I. 256 I..chawe them by musing. 1599 T. Heywood 2nd Pt. King Edward IV sig. O2 He chawes his mallice. 1603 H. Crosse Vertues Common-wealth sig. M3 Large roomes, wherein a man may walke and chawe his melancholy for want of other repast. 1633 G. Herbert Content in Temple viii When all thy deeds..are chaw'd by others pen and tongue. 1845 E. Robinson Whitehall I. xix. 220 'Tis an observation for your chawing. 3. slang, chiefly in U.S. to chaw up: to demolish, ‘do for’, ‘smash’. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > bring to ruin or put an end to undoc950 shendOE forfarea1000 endc1000 to do awayOE aquenchc1175 slayc1175 slayc1175 stathea1200 tinea1300 to-spilla1300 batec1300 bleschea1325 honisha1325 leesea1325 wastec1325 stanch1338 corrumpa1340 destroy1340 to put awayc1350 dissolvec1374 supplanta1382 to-shend1382 aneantizec1384 avoidc1384 to put outa1398 beshenda1400 swelta1400 amortizec1405 distract1413 consumec1425 shelfc1425 abroge1427 downthringc1430 kill1435 poisonc1450 defeat1474 perish1509 to blow away1523 abrogatea1529 to prick (also turn, pitch) over the perka1529 dash?1529 to bring (also send) to (the) pot1531 put in the pot1531 wipea1538 extermine1539 fatec1540 peppera1550 disappoint1563 to put (also set) beside the saddle1563 to cut the throat of1565 to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568 to make a hand of (also on, with)1569 demolish1570 to break the neck of1576 to make shipwreck of1577 spoil1578 to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)1579 cipher1589 ruinate1590 to cut off by the shins1592 shipwreck1599 exterminate1605 finish1611 damnify1612 ravel1614 braina1616 stagger1629 unrivet1630 consummate1634 pulverizea1640 baffle1649 devil1652 to blow up1660 feague1668 shatter1683 cook1708 to die away1748 to prove fatal (to)1759 to knock up1764 to knock (or kick) the hindsight out or off1834 to put the kibosh on1834 to cook (rarely do) one's goose1835 kibosh1841 to chaw up1843 cooper1851 to jack up1870 scuttle1888 to bugger up1891 jigger1895 torpedo1895 on the fritz1900 to put paid to1901 rot1908 down and out1916 scuppera1918 to put the skids under1918 stonker1919 liquidate1924 to screw up1933 cruel1934 to dig the grave of1934 pox1935 blow1936 to hit for six1937 to piss up1937 to dust off1938 zap1976 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xxi. 193 The patriotic loco-foco movement..in which the whigs was so chawed up. 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xxi. 259 There air some catawampous chawers in the small way too. 1857 F. Douglass Speech (Bartlett, at Catawampously) For fear of being catawamptiously chawed up. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1530n.²1709v.1513
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† chawn.1

Compounds

chawn.2

chawv.

† chawn.¹

chawn.²