cleatn.

Brit.

/kliːt/, U.S.

/klit/

Forms: Also Middle English cleete, Middle English–1500s clete, (Middle English clyte, clote), 1600s cleit, 1700s–1800s cleet; 1600s, 1800s (dialect) clate, kleet.

Etymology: This, although evidenced only from 14th cent., clearly goes back to an Old English *cléat < West Germanic *klaut , Old Saxon type *klôt , Middle Dutch cloot , Dutch kloot ball, Old High German chloȥ , Middle High German klôȥ lump, clump, ball, pommel of sword, wedge, modern German klosz clot, clod, lump, dumpling. (The Norse klót pommel, is from Low German or Dutch) The Old Germanic klauto , was from the same root of which the weak grade klut- has given clot n. Outside Germanic, Kluge compares Lithuanian gludus cohering, glausti to join closely, press together. The primary meaning was evidently ‘firm lump’, whence the senses ‘clump, ball’ on the one hand, and ‘wedged mass, wedge’ on the other. Middle High German still had both; in English the sense ‘wedge’ survives, on the continent that of ‘lump, ball’.

1. A wedge. (In later use applied esp. to the small wedges used in securing the movable parts of a scythe and a plough.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > other parts of plough

plough-line1384

plough-strake1395

cleat1419

weigh-tree1578

spindle1616

pole wedge1733

table1763

throat1771

brace1808

wang1808

wing-bar1844

sill1877

1419 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 146 Et in j clete emp. de Will. Joy, 2d. ex convencione.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 81 Clyte, or clote, or vegge [v.r. clete or wegge], cuneus.

1590 Stanford Churchwardens' Accts. in Antiquary (1888) 211 For making iij yron cletes and nayles iiijd.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 332/2 The Syth Hoop, and Clat, are those that fasten the Sythe to the Swath.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 333/2 The Plow Clates, a kind of Wedge to raise the Beame higher or lower.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Cleat, Clet, Clut, a small wedge. ‘I mun get some cluts for 'em afore I can begin to mow.’

1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester I. 69 The small iron wedges used in fastening the parts of a scythe together are called cleats.

a. Nautical. Originally a small wedge of wood bolted on its side to a spar, etc., that it may by the thickness of its head stop anything from slipping ( stop-cleat), afford footing to one climbing ( step-cleat), or serve as a point of attachment or resistance. solid cleats: similar pieces left in shaping a plank.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > cleat or bollard

kevelc1330

cleat1377

bollard1844

belaying-cleat1862

thumb-cleat1867

stag-horn1923

niggerhead1927

1377 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) I. 217 And to that schip ther longed a barge, Of al Fraunce ȝaf nouȝt a cleete.

1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 13 An entring ladder or cleats.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Cleat, a small Wedge of Wood fastned on the Yards, to keep any Ropes from slipping.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 164 Stop-cleats are nailed to yard-arms, to prevent the slipping of the rigging and the gammoning, and to stop collars on masts.

1849 G. Head Tour Rome I. 47 A man who ascended by means of cleats nailed to the side for the purpose.

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xxxv. 171 Lofty spars along the sea-coast, to which the look-outs ascended by means of nailed cleats.

1876 W. J. J. Spry Cruise Her Majesty's Ship ‘Challenger’ ix. 214 Strengthened by timbers, lashed with split rattan to solid cleats left for the purpose in each plank.

b. The name is extended to pieces of wood (or iron) of various shapes, bolted on to parts of the ship for securing the ends of ropes, etc. belaying cleat: a block of wood or metal with two horns round which a rope is belayed or twisted: if fastened in the deck for greater strength these are called deck-cleat. range cleat: a belaying cleat used for tacks and bow-lines. arm cleat: a belaying cleat with one horn or arm only. thumb-cleat: a small arm cleat. comb-cleat: a semicircular piece of wood bolted on by its diameter, having a hole to receive a grommet or cringle, or pass a rope end through.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > rope, cord, or line > wood for securing rope to ship

cleat1769

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Cleats, pieces of wood of different shapes, used..to fasten ropes upon in a ship.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 4 Comb Cleats are straight on the inner edge, and round on the back, with a hollow cavity in the middle.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 4 Sling Cleats of lower yards, are made with one arm: Thumb-cleats are similar to sling-cleats, but smaller, to hang any thing thereon.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 164 Arm or Sling-cleats..have an arm at one end, which lies over the straps of the jeer blocks to prevent their being chaffed.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 164 Range-cleats are shaped like belaying-cleats, but are much larger, and are bolted through the middle.

1825 H. B. Gascoigne Path to Naval Fame 72 The Jibs and Staysails smart they hoist-away And to their Cleets the Haulyards taught belay.

1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log II. iv. 126 A cot, or hammock,..slung from cleats nailed to the beams above.

1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 45 Model of Collapsible Kleet, for instantly liberating entangled ropes.

c. A block of wood bolted on to the side of a ship to catch the end of one of the shores by which the ship is supported in dry dock, or in the launching cradle ( launching cleat).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > [noun] > slip on which ships built or repaired > framework on which vessel rests > blocks or planks supporting

shorec1440

ground-ways1711

shole1711

ribband1779

block1850

breast shore1851

cleat1856

trussc1860

bilge-block1862

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxix. 402 The shores are made to take hold under heavy cleats spiked below the bulwarks.

1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding i. 2 By the giving way of the bolts of the launching cleat, she was let down till the bilge bore on the wharf.

1879 W. H. White Ship-building in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 223/2 At the moment of launching, the fore-ends of the dog-shores are knocked down..clear of the cleats, and the vessel is left free to move.

d. See quot. 1850 (Apparently = hanging knees.)

1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 107 Cleats, pieces of wood, of various shapes, according to their uses, either to resist or support great weights, bolted under beams to support them where pillars are not used.

3. A wedge-shaped or other piece fastened on, or left projecting, for any purpose; e.g. as a handle; a trunnion-bracket on a gun-carriage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] > axis

spindle?c1343

centre?c1400

ax-tree1430

axe1551

cleat1611

spin axis1922

society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > of other shape

cleat1611

quarrel1807

half-round1872

parrotbeak1924

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun carriage > [noun] > other parts of carriage

tail-pin1497

brack1622

head-plate1647

transom1688

prise-bolt1705

bracket1753

bracket-bolt1753

pintle1769

rider1779

trail-plate-eye1828

cleat1834

wheel-guard1860

spade1862

nave-hole1867

chassis1869

turntable1889

gun-crutch1898

trail-spade1904

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > [noun] > a projecting part

hornc1275

outshooting1310

nosec1400

startc1400

spout1412

snouta1425

outbearingc1425

outstanding?c1425

relish1428

jeta1500

rising1525

shoulder1545

jutting1565

outshootc1565

prominence1578

forecast1580

projection1592

sprout1598

eye1600

shooting forth1601

lip1608

juttying1611

prominent?1611

eminence1615

butting1625

excursiona1626

elbow1626

protrusion1646

jettinga1652

outjetting1652

prominency1654

eminency1668

nouch1688

issuanta1690

out-butting1730

outjet1730

out-jutting1730

flange1735

nosing1773

process1775

jut1787

projecture1803

nozzle1804

saliency1831

ajutment1834

salience1837

out-thrust1842

emphasis1885

cleat1887

outjut1893

pseudopodiuma1902

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Auche, a round haspe of yron, or cleit of wood, wherin the barrell of a windles turneth.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xv. 230 Double breechings were rove on the guns..and strong cleats nailed behind the trunnions.

1845 in Archæol. XXXI. 252 The four corners [of the coffin] were strengthened by iron handles or cleets.

1881 W. C. Borlase in Archæol. XLIX. 186 It [an urn] possessed two cleats or embryo handles.

1887 A. Atkinson in Archæol. L. 365 On the inside of the patch, three cleats or projections have been left, carved out of the solid wood.

a. A short piece of wood (or iron) nailed on transversely to a piece of joinery, in order to secure or strengthen it; also to give footing on a sloping gangway, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > other tools and equipment

pollhache1324

poleaxe1356

muckrake1366

pestlea1382

botea1450

staff1459

press-board1558

reel1593

water crane1658

lathekin1659

tower1662

dressing hook1683

liner1683

hovel1686

flax-brake1688

nipper1688

horse1728

tap1797

feather-stick1824

bow1839

safety belt1840

economizer1841

throttle damper1849

cleat1854

leg brace1857

bark-peeler1862

pugging screw1862

nail driver1863

spool1864

turntable1865

ovate1872

tension bar1879

icebreaker1881

spreader1881

toucher1881

window pole1888

mushroom head1890

rat1894

slackline1896

auger1897

latch hook1900

thimble1901

horse1904

pipe jack1909

mulcher1910

hand plate1911

splashguard1917

cheese-cutter1927

airbrasive1945

impactor1945

fogger1946

the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > horizontal or transverse support

ledgec1330

string-piece1789

stringer1838

cleat1854

1854 Encycl. Brit. IV. 277/2 A cradle or wooden trough with ‘cleats’ or ribs fastened across the bottom.

1859 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. (1862) 5 Breadth [of a box], 7¼ in. including the cleat.

1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 176 A hard wood board..split throughout its length, but held together by the cross cleats.

1881 Mechanic §487 Screw a piece of wood, or cleat as it is technically termed, to this cross piece at F.

b. dialect in several applications (see quots.).

ΚΠ

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cleat, a thin metallic plate. Jockies and horse-dealers call the light shoe of a running-horse, a clate.

1825 J. Britton Wiltsh. Words (E.D.S.) Cleet, a patch.

1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cleat, a piece of iron worn on shoes by country people. Cleat-boards, mud pattens..to enable a person to walk on the mud without sinking into it.

1888 T. T. Wildridge Northumbria 128 This is a ‘cleat’ or wedged-up patch.

5. Mining: see quots. (Perhaps a different word.)

ΚΠ

1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 95 Cleat, the vertical joints or facings in coal or stone. There are frequently two cleats in coal, at which, when distinct, the coal may be broken into rhomboidal fragments.

1878 A. H. Green et al. Coal: Hist. & Uses i. 17 One of the faces called the ‘bord’ or ‘cleat’ is very marked.

Draft additions June 2015

a. Usually in plural. Each of a number of small studs, typically made of plastic, rubber, or metal, which are set into or fastened to the sole of a shoe or boot to improve grip. Hence (chiefly North American): (in plural) a pair of sports shoes having such studs on the soles.Attested earlier in English regional use, denoting a metal plate attached to a shoe: see quot. 1847-78 at sense 4b.

ΚΠ

1892 Shoe & Leather Reporter 1 Dec. 1807/2 The principal style [of shoe] is made of kangaroo..with five pointed leather cleats that screw into the sole.

1922 Cumberland (Maryland) Evening Times 22 Dec. 5/4 The round rubber cleats took the place of the leather, the idea being that mud does not cling to rubber as readily.

1940 Indiana (Pa.) Evening Gaz. 20 Dec. 17/8 He was..hitting against some of the greatest legitimate pitchers that ever wore cleats.

1968 N. Cruz & J. Buckingham Run Baby Run v. 71 Someone kicked me in the face with a shoe that had cleats on it.

1988 R. Hillis in M. Helwig & D. Helwig Coming Attractions 6 121 I was towelling off when Foot clacked in in his cleats.

1998 Financial Times 30 Oct. 13/2 The shape and positioning of the cleats on the outsole allows the foot carrying the player's weight to pivot when the body twists.

2012 A. Lazarus Best of Rivals 1 Steve Young walked into the..locker room unprepared: he forgot to bring a pair of cleats.

b. Cycling. An attachment for the sole of a cycling shoe which clips on to a specially designed pedal, keeping the foot in place and improving the efficiency of pedalling.

ΚΠ

1964 Amer. Cycling Newslet. June 13/2 A durable cleat in the correct position on the shoe is a great asset to the cyclist.

1991 Bicycle Guide Sept. 32/3 Time has designed a special lightweight cleat for its TBT racing shoes.

2000 Vanity Fair June 124/1 We tinkered with our bikes, changing handlebars and making sure our cleats fit the pedals just right.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cleat
释义	cleatn. Brit. /kliːt/, U.S. /klit/ Forms: Also Middle English cleete, Middle English–1500s clete, (Middle English clyte, clote), 1600s cleit, 1700s–1800s cleet; 1600s, 1800s (dialect) clate, kleet. Etymology: This, although evidenced only from 14th cent., clearly goes back to an Old English cléat < West Germanic klaut , Old Saxon type klôt , Middle Dutch cloot* , Dutch kloot ball, Old High German chloȥ , Middle High German klôȥ lump, clump, ball, pommel of sword, wedge, modern German klosz clot, clod, lump, dumpling. (The Norse klót pommel, is from Low German or Dutch) The Old Germanic klauto , was from the same root of which the weak grade klut- has given clot n. Outside Germanic, Kluge compares Lithuanian gludus cohering, glausti to join closely, press together. The primary meaning was evidently ‘firm lump’, whence the senses ‘clump, ball’ on the one hand, and ‘wedged mass, wedge’ on the other. Middle High German still had both; in English the sense ‘wedge’ survives, on the continent that of ‘lump, ball’. 1. A wedge. (In later use applied esp. to the small wedges used in securing the movable parts of a scythe and a plough.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > other parts of plough plough-line1384 plough-strake1395 cleat1419 weigh-tree1578 spindle1616 pole wedge1733 table1763 throat1771 brace1808 wang1808 wing-bar1844 sill1877 1419 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 146 Et in j clete emp. de Will. Joy, 2d. ex convencione. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 81 Clyte, or clote, or vegge [v.r. clete or wegge], cuneus. 1590 Stanford Churchwardens' Accts. in Antiquary (1888) 211 For making iij yron cletes and nayles iiijd. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 332/2 The Syth Hoop, and Clat, are those that fasten the Sythe to the Swath. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 333/2 The Plow Clates, a kind of Wedge to raise the Beame higher or lower. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Cleat, Clet, Clut, a small wedge. ‘I mun get some cluts for 'em afore I can begin to mow.’ 1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester I. 69 The small iron wedges used in fastening the parts of a scythe together are called cleats. 2. a. Nautical. Originally a small wedge of wood bolted on its side to a spar, etc., that it may by the thickness of its head stop anything from slipping ( stop-cleat), afford footing to one climbing ( step-cleat), or serve as a point of attachment or resistance. solid cleats: similar pieces left in shaping a plank. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > cleat or bollard kevelc1330 cleat1377 bollard1844 belaying-cleat1862 thumb-cleat1867 stag-horn1923 niggerhead1927 1377 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) I. 217 And to that schip ther longed a barge, Of al Fraunce ȝaf nouȝt a cleete. 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 13 An entring ladder or cleats. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Cleat, a small Wedge of Wood fastned on the Yards, to keep any Ropes from slipping. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 164 Stop-cleats are nailed to yard-arms, to prevent the slipping of the rigging and the gammoning, and to stop collars on masts. 1849 G. Head Tour Rome I. 47 A man who ascended by means of cleats nailed to the side for the purpose. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xxxv. 171 Lofty spars along the sea-coast, to which the look-outs ascended by means of nailed cleats. 1876 W. J. J. Spry Cruise Her Majesty's Ship ‘Challenger’ ix. 214 Strengthened by timbers, lashed with split rattan to solid cleats left for the purpose in each plank. b. The name is extended to pieces of wood (or iron) of various shapes, bolted on to parts of the ship for securing the ends of ropes, etc. belaying cleat: a block of wood or metal with two horns round which a rope is belayed or twisted: if fastened in the deck for greater strength these are called deck-cleat. range cleat: a belaying cleat used for tacks and bow-lines. arm cleat: a belaying cleat with one horn or arm only. thumb-cleat: a small arm cleat. comb-cleat: a semicircular piece of wood bolted on by its diameter, having a hole to receive a grommet or cringle, or pass a rope end through. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > rope, cord, or line > wood for securing rope to ship cleat1769 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Cleats, pieces of wood of different shapes, used..to fasten ropes upon in a ship. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 4 Comb Cleats are straight on the inner edge, and round on the back, with a hollow cavity in the middle. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 4 Sling Cleats of lower yards, are made with one arm: Thumb-cleats are similar to sling-cleats, but smaller, to hang any thing thereon. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 164 Arm or Sling-cleats..have an arm at one end, which lies over the straps of the jeer blocks to prevent their being chaffed. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 164 Range-cleats are shaped like belaying-cleats, but are much larger, and are bolted through the middle. 1825 H. B. Gascoigne Path to Naval Fame 72 The Jibs and Staysails smart they hoist-away And to their Cleets the Haulyards taught belay. 1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log II. iv. 126 A cot, or hammock,..slung from cleats nailed to the beams above. 1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 45 Model of Collapsible Kleet, for instantly liberating entangled ropes. c. A block of wood bolted on to the side of a ship to catch the end of one of the shores by which the ship is supported in dry dock, or in the launching cradle ( launching cleat). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > [noun] > slip on which ships built or repaired > framework on which vessel rests > blocks or planks supporting shorec1440 ground-ways1711 shole1711 ribband1779 block1850 breast shore1851 cleat1856 trussc1860 bilge-block1862 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxix. 402 The shores are made to take hold under heavy cleats spiked below the bulwarks. 1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding i. 2 By the giving way of the bolts of the launching cleat, she was let down till the bilge bore on the wharf. 1879 W. H. White Ship-building in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 223/2 At the moment of launching, the fore-ends of the dog-shores are knocked down..clear of the cleats, and the vessel is left free to move. d. See quot. 1850 (Apparently = hanging knees.) Π 1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 107 Cleats, pieces of wood, of various shapes, according to their uses, either to resist or support great weights, bolted under beams to support them where pillars are not used. 3. A wedge-shaped or other piece fastened on, or left projecting, for any purpose; e.g. as a handle; a trunnion-bracket on a gun-carriage. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] > axis spindle?c1343 centre?c1400 ax-tree1430 axe1551 cleat1611 spin axis1922 society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > of other shape cleat1611 quarrel1807 half-round1872 parrotbeak1924 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun carriage > [noun] > other parts of carriage tail-pin1497 brack1622 head-plate1647 transom1688 prise-bolt1705 bracket1753 bracket-bolt1753 pintle1769 rider1779 trail-plate-eye1828 cleat1834 wheel-guard1860 spade1862 nave-hole1867 chassis1869 turntable1889 gun-crutch1898 trail-spade1904 the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > [noun] > a projecting part hornc1275 outshooting1310 nosec1400 startc1400 spout1412 snouta1425 outbearingc1425 outstanding?c1425 relish1428 jeta1500 rising1525 shoulder1545 jutting1565 outshootc1565 prominence1578 forecast1580 projection1592 sprout1598 eye1600 shooting forth1601 lip1608 juttying1611 prominent?1611 eminence1615 butting1625 excursiona1626 elbow1626 protrusion1646 jettinga1652 outjetting1652 prominency1654 eminency1668 nouch1688 issuanta1690 out-butting1730 outjet1730 out-jutting1730 flange1735 nosing1773 process1775 jut1787 projecture1803 nozzle1804 saliency1831 ajutment1834 salience1837 out-thrust1842 emphasis1885 cleat1887 outjut1893 pseudopodiuma1902 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Auche, a round haspe of yron, or cleit of wood, wherin the barrell of a windles turneth. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xv. 230 Double breechings were rove on the guns..and strong cleats nailed behind the trunnions. 1845 in Archæol. XXXI. 252 The four corners [of the coffin] were strengthened by iron handles or cleets. 1881 W. C. Borlase in Archæol. XLIX. 186 It [an urn] possessed two cleats or embryo handles. 1887 A. Atkinson in Archæol. L. 365 On the inside of the patch, three cleats or projections have been left, carved out of the solid wood. 4. a. A short piece of wood (or iron) nailed on transversely to a piece of joinery, in order to secure or strengthen it; also to give footing on a sloping gangway, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > other tools and equipment pollhache1324 poleaxe1356 muckrake1366 pestlea1382 botea1450 staff1459 press-board1558 reel1593 water crane1658 lathekin1659 tower1662 dressing hook1683 liner1683 hovel1686 flax-brake1688 nipper1688 horse1728 tap1797 feather-stick1824 bow1839 safety belt1840 economizer1841 throttle damper1849 cleat1854 leg brace1857 bark-peeler1862 pugging screw1862 nail driver1863 spool1864 turntable1865 ovate1872 tension bar1879 icebreaker1881 spreader1881 toucher1881 window pole1888 mushroom head1890 rat1894 slackline1896 auger1897 latch hook1900 thimble1901 horse1904 pipe jack1909 mulcher1910 hand plate1911 splashguard1917 cheese-cutter1927 airbrasive1945 impactor1945 fogger1946 the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > horizontal or transverse support ledgec1330 string-piece1789 stringer1838 cleat1854 1854 Encycl. Brit. IV. 277/2 A cradle or wooden trough with ‘cleats’ or ribs fastened across the bottom. 1859 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. (1862) 5 Breadth [of a box], 7¼ in. including the cleat. 1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 176 A hard wood board..split throughout its length, but held together by the cross cleats. 1881 Mechanic §487 Screw a piece of wood, or cleat as it is technically termed, to this cross piece at F. b. dialect in several applications (see quots.). ΚΠ a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cleat, a thin metallic plate. Jockies and horse-dealers call the light shoe of a running-horse, a clate. 1825 J. Britton Wiltsh. Words (E.D.S.) Cleet, a patch. 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cleat, a piece of iron worn on shoes by country people. Cleat-boards, mud pattens..to enable a person to walk on the mud without sinking into it. 1888 T. T. Wildridge Northumbria 128 This is a ‘cleat’ or wedged-up patch. 5. Mining: see quots. (Perhaps a different word.) ΚΠ 1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 95 Cleat, the vertical joints or facings in coal or stone. There are frequently two cleats in coal, at which, when distinct, the coal may be broken into rhomboidal fragments. 1878 A. H. Green et al. Coal: Hist. & Uses i. 17 One of the faces called the ‘bord’ or ‘cleat’ is very marked. Draft additions June 2015 a. Usually in plural. Each of a number of small studs, typically made of plastic, rubber, or metal, which are set into or fastened to the sole of a shoe or boot to improve grip. Hence (chiefly North American): (in plural) a pair of sports shoes having such studs on the soles.Attested earlier in English regional use, denoting a metal plate attached to a shoe: see quot. 1847-78 at sense 4b. ΚΠ 1892 Shoe & Leather Reporter 1 Dec. 1807/2 The principal style [of shoe] is made of kangaroo..with five pointed leather cleats that screw into the sole. 1922 Cumberland (Maryland) Evening Times 22 Dec. 5/4 The round rubber cleats took the place of the leather, the idea being that mud does not cling to rubber as readily. 1940 Indiana (Pa.) Evening Gaz. 20 Dec. 17/8 He was..hitting against some of the greatest legitimate pitchers that ever wore cleats. 1968 N. Cruz & J. Buckingham Run Baby Run v. 71 Someone kicked me in the face with a shoe that had cleats on it. 1988 R. Hillis in M. Helwig & D. Helwig Coming Attractions 6 121 I was towelling off when Foot clacked in in his cleats. 1998 Financial Times 30 Oct. 13/2 The shape and positioning of the cleats on the outsole allows the foot carrying the player's weight to pivot when the body twists. 2012 A. Lazarus Best of Rivals 1 Steve Young walked into the..locker room unprepared: he forgot to bring a pair of cleats. b. Cycling. An attachment for the sole of a cycling shoe which clips on to a specially designed pedal, keeping the foot in place and improving the efficiency of pedalling. ΚΠ 1964 Amer. Cycling Newslet. June 13/2 A durable cleat in the correct position on the shoe is a great asset to the cyclist. 1991 Bicycle Guide Sept. 32/3 Time has designed a special lightweight cleat for its TBT racing shoes. 2000 Vanity Fair June 124/1 We tinkered with our bikes, changing handlebars and making sure our cleats fit the pedals just right. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cleatv. Brit. /kliːt/, U.S. /klit/ Etymology: < cleat n. 1. transitive. To fasten to, or with, a cleat; to furnish with cleats. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with rope, cord, or line > with wood for securing rope cleat1794 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 34 Cleating of yards. 1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage iii. 38 Having lashed and cleated the heel about ten feet below the lower rigging. 1847 A. C. Key Narr. Recov. H.M.S. Gorgon 34 Chocks of timber firmly bolted and cleated to each bow. 1882 Cent. Mag. Oct. 827 Another wide door led, by a gently descending cleated platform, to the ground. 2. dialect. (See quots. and cf. cleat n. 4b.) ΚΠ a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cleat, to strengthen with thin plates of metal. Shoe-heels are often cleated with iron; and kitchen utensils worn thin, with copper. 1825 J. Britton Beauties Wilts. III. Gloss. Cleet, to mend with a patch. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1377v.1794
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cleatn.

Draft additions June 2015

cleatv.