conflictn.

Brit.

/ˈkɒnflɪkt/, U.S.

/ˈkɑnˌflɪk(t)/

Etymology: < Latin conflīctus (u- stem) striking together, shock, fight, conflict, < participial stem of conflīgĕre : see conflict v. The Old French representation of the Latin was conflit (= Italian conflitto), often written in 15–16th cent. conflict, after Latin; this may possibly have been the immediate source of the English word.

a. An encounter with arms; a fight, battle.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun]

fightc893

coursec1325

stourc1325

acounterc1330

meetingc1330

setc1330

showera1375

brusha1400

semblya1400

hosting1422

poynyec1425

conflictc1440

militancea1460

grate1460

rencounter1471

chaplea1500

flitea1513

concourse?1520

concursion1533

rescounter1543

spurnc1560

rencontrea1572

discourse1573

action1579

combat1582

opposition1598

do1915

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 90 Conflycte of werre, conflictus.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 403 Fiȝhtenge with shorte speres in conflictes.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vii. sig. G2 The lucklesse conflict with the Gyaunt stout.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. v. 14 Fourty thousand were slaine in the conflict .

1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 612 The bloody conflicts of the Druses and the Maronites.

attributive.1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. xviii. 246 Then loudly rose the conflict-cry.

b. esp. A prolonged struggle.

ΚΠ

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. 320 If his arms terminated the conflict [between Thebes and Phocis].

1884 Standard 28 Feb. 5/1 They forced on the Boers, under menace of an all but exterminating conflict, offensive and superfluous conditions.

c. (without article or plural) Fighting, contending with arms, martial strife.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > [noun]

campOE

winOE

armoura1387

battlea1400

cocka1400

poynyec1425

combattery1524

hostility1531

combattencie1586

conflict1611

armed conflict1834

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. xv. 17 They determined..manfully to trie the matter by conflict .

1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 104 In the hour of conflict.

1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) v. 126 Until they closed In conflict with the crash of shivering points.

a. transferred and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun]

i-winc888

wrestlingc890

fightc1000

flitec1000

teenOE

winOE

ungrithlOE

wara1200

cockingc1225

strife?c1225

strivingc1275

struta1300

barratc1300

thro1303

battlec1375

contentionc1384

tuggingc1440

militationa1460

sturtc1480

bargain1487

bargaining1489

distrifea1500

concertation1509

hold1523

conflict1531

ruffle1532

tangling1535

scamblingc1538

tuilyie1550

bustling1553

tilt1567

ruffling1570

wresting1570

certationc1572

pinglinga1578

reluctation1593

combating1594

yoking1594

bandying1599

tention1602

contrast1609

colluctation1611

contestationa1616

dimication1623

rixation1623

colluctance1625

decertation1635

conflicting1640

contrasto1645

dispute1647

luctation1651

contest1665

stickle1665

contra-colluctation1674

contrasting1688

struggle1706

yed1719

widdle1789

scrambling1792

cut and thrust1846

headbutting1869

push-and-pull1881

contending1882

thrust and parry1889

aggro1973

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Aij^v Also where there is any lacke of ordre, nedes muste be perpetuall conflicte.

1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij To note the fighting conflict of her hew, How white and red, ech other did destroy.

1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters 88 I found it to be evidently Alcalisate; insomuch that it would make a conflict with Acids.

1883 J. A. Froude Short Stud. IV. i. i. 2 The recurring conflicts between Church and State.

b. A mental or spiritual struggle within a man.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] > mental struggle

conflictc1430

repugnancea1538

reluctancy1615

c1430 tr. Thomas à Kempis Consol. iii. xxii For, one temptacyon or tribulacion goinge awey, anoþer comeþ, yea, som tyme þe first conflicte yit duryng.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1879) 374 A man..may abide the conflicte of all vices, but [lechery] he moste flee.

?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth lxvi. f. 91 After long conflyct had within himselfe.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xviii. 496 I must confess that I was in great conflicts of Mind at this time.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 668 Pale With conflict of contending hopes and fears.

1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger ii. i. 13 Amidst the conflict of feelings under which he now listened.

c. The clashing or variance of opposed principles, statements, arguments, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > mutual opposition (of principles, etc.)

antipathy1601

expugnancy1620

pugnancy1660

collision1662

antagonism1716

clash1782

confliction1855

conflict1875

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 38 Whether in some cases there may not be a conflict of principles.

1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §324 There is no such thing really as a conflict of duties.

1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §327 Authorities whose injunctions come into conflict with each other.

d. Psychology. The opposition, in an individual, of incompatible wishes or needs of approximately equal strength; also, the distressing emotional state resulting from such opposition. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > opposition of feelings > [noun]

conflict1859

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > opposition of feelings > [noun] > strain arising from

conflict1859

tension1884

issue1977

1859 A. Bain Emotions & Will ii. vi. 442 I shall treat first of the conflict of a voluntary stimulus with the spontaneous impulses considered..as growing out of the purely physical conditions of the nervous and muscular systems.

1859 A. Bain Emotions & Will ii. vi. 445 Where two pleasures or two pains, or one of each, solicit the voluntary executive in opposite ways. The instances of this conflict may be as numerous as the various concurrences of the human feelings.

1887 J. Sully Outl. Psychol. (ed. 3) xi. 473 There arises an effect of mutual conflict, accompanied by a painful feeling of jar or discord.

1896 G. F. Stout Analyt. Psychol. I. ii. iv. 281 The conception of conflict..comprehends all kinds of intellectual hesitation, and it is the psychological counterpart of logical contradiction.

1935 D. K. Adams & K. E. Zener tr. K. Lewin Dynamic Theory of Personality iii. 89 Conflict situations of this type usually develop rather quickly.

1942 K. Horney Self-anal. iii. 94 The person may have gained a deep insight into the component parts of a conflict.

3. Dashing together, collision, or violent mutual impact of physical bodies.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > [noun] > forcible, heavy, or violent > collision

hurtlinga1250

rackc1300

rasha1450

collision?a1475

fraying1489

running1538

conflict1555

jostling1580

intershock1611

jostle1611

allision1615

complosion1644

intershocking1652

rencounter1662

interfering1677

shocking1702

bump1843

cannoning1864

confliction1868

boink1963

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. i. f. 92^v As soone as they were nowe entered into the maine sea, such sourges and conflictes of water arose ageynst them.

1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 19 The Common Motion of Matter, proceding from external Impulse and Conflict.

1832 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. Electro-magnetism xii. § 253 He conceived that a continued series of electric shocks took place..a condition which he expressed by the term Electric Conflict.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxix. 253 The less perilous [must be] the conflicts of the ice-masses in their rotation.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

conflict research n.

ΚΠ

1965 Listener 18 Nov. 787/1 Michael Nicholson is a Fellow in ‘conflict research’ at the University of Lancaster.

conflict resolution n.

ΚΠ

1957 (title) Journal of conflict resolution.

1968 L. Nader in D. L. Sills Internat. Encycl. Social Sci. III. 241/1 The style of conflict resolution derives from a society's structural principles of human association.

conflict study n.

ΚΠ

1965 Listener 18 Nov. 787/1 ‘Conflict studies’ is a new branch of academic investigation which attempts, among other things, to throw light on the causes of war.

1970 Times 24 Aug. 20/4 (advt.) The Irish tangle is unravelled by Iain Hamilton in Conflict Studies No. 6.

Draft additions March 2003

conflict of interest n. (a) an incompatibility between the concerns or aims of different parties; (b) (chiefly in Business, Politics, and Law) a situation whereby two or more of the interests held by, or entrusted to, a single person or party are considered incompatible or breach prescribed practice; spec. a situation in which an individual may profit personally from decisions made in his or her official capacity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > quality or condition of being incompatible > one who or that which is incompatible

incompatibility1671

incompatiblea1711

conflict of interest1837

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > quality or condition of being incompatible > specifically of roles

conflict of interest1837

role conflict1948

1837 Southern Lit. Messenger Dec. 752/1 My own convictions are that our system of Federal Government, with virtue on the part of the rulers, and vigilance on the part of the people, may exist forever. Under a fair administration of its powers, no conflict of interest or feeling can well arise.

1899 Overland Monthly Aug. 190/2 Socialism aims to make the State the industrial unit, involving the competition of one State with another, and ignoring the conflict of interest between classes within the State.

1938 New Eng. Weekly 21 July 276/1 It may be that behind the apparent split in governing-class opinion there is a conflict of financial interests.

1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. Jan. 73 Two of these [dimensions] were shown to have special relevance for behavior in a conflict-of-interest situation.

1987 W. Greider Secrets of Temple i. i. 21 To avoid any conflict of interest, Schultz would have to sell his bank stocks, government bonds and other financial assets whose value might be directly affected by Federal Reserve decisions.

1991 Japan Forum 3 368 The reforms failed..due to the conflict of interests between the major actors in the debate.

2002 Which? Feb. 33/1 The seller or developer might assure you that their lawyers will handle everything, but you can't expect proper protection when there's a conflict of interest.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

conflictv.

Brit.

/kənˈflɪkt/, U.S.

/kənˈflɪk(t)/

Etymology: < Latin conflict-, participial stem of conflīgĕre to strike together, clash, conflict, contend, fight (whence the frequentative conflictāre), < con- together + flīgĕre to strike. No corresponding verb is recorded in French dictionaries; Italian has confliggere, conflissi, conflitto.

a. intransitive. To fight, contend, do battle.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)]

fightc900

to bid, offer, refuse, accept, take (arch.) battle1297

to do battle1297

to give battle1297

strive13..

battle1330

to instore a battle1382

fettlec1400

pugnec1425

toilc1425

to deliver battle1433

conflict?a1475

bargain1487

mellaya1500

liverc1500

to come out1511

field1535

combat1589

to manage arms1590

sway1590

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 139 Vsenge not to conflicte as with theire enmyes.

1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso xxvi. lxxiv. 211 First when to get Marfisa he had thought, He had conflicted more then twise or thrise.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xiii. 870 These Two with Hector and his host Conflicted.

1822 P. B. Shelley Hellas 30 The army encamp'd upon the Cydaris..saw two hosts conflicting in the air.

b. transferred of the strife of natural forces.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (intransitive)] > mutually (of things) > specifically of natural forces

wrestlea1400

conflict1626

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §203 You shall heare, vnder the Earth, a Horrible Thundring of Fire, and Water, conflicting together.

1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel ii. 26 They [the winds] all conflicted one with another at the same time.

2. figurative. To contend, strive, struggle with.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)]

winc888

fightc900

flitec900

wraxlec1000

wrestlea1200

cockc1225

conteckc1290

strivec1290

struta1300

topc1305

to have, hold, make, take strifec1374

stightlea1375

debatec1386

batea1400

strugglec1412

hurlc1440

ruffle1440

warc1460

warslea1500

pingle?a1513

contend1529

repugn1529

scruggle1530

sturtc1535

tuga1550

broilc1567

threap1572

yoke1581

bustle1585

bandy1594

tilt1595

combat1597

to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597

mutiny1597

militate1598

combatizec1600

scuffle1601

to run (or ride) a-tilt1608

wage1608

contesta1618

stickle1625

conflict1628

stickle1647

dispute1656

fence1665

contrast1672

scramble1696

to battle it1715

rug1832

grabble1835

buffet1839

tussle1862

pickeer1892

passage1895

tangle1928

1628 S. D'Ewes Jrnl. Parl. (1783) 41 Fearing it might be a temptation of the devil's, he had conflicted with it.

1671 A. Seller Devout Communicant 140 See you him not (my Soul) fastned to the Cross? conflicting with his Fathers wrath?

a1714 F. Brokesby Life H. Dodwell (1715) 16 Understanding the Difficulties, with which this..Nephew conflicted.

1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials II. i. xxiv. 197 He had both publickly and privatly conflicted with the adversaries..with admirable strength of learning.

3. figurative. Of interests, opinions, statements, feelings, etc.: To come into collision, to clash; to be at variance, be incompatible. (Now the chief sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > be unharmonious or incongruous [verb (intransitive)] > be in opposition or conflict

thwart1519

jar?1541

interferea1644

clash1646

conflict1647

collide1864

1647 J. Sprigge Anglia Rediviva i. i. 2 Wherein both Interests conflicting.

a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1873) III. v. 395 One error conflicts with another; each destroys its opponent and truth is evolved.

1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §324 The perplexities of conscience..in which duties appear to conflict with each other.

†4. transitive. To engage in battle, to assault. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > fight (a battle, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > meet in battle

meeteOE

to meet withc1325

abattlec1400

recounter1455

check1535

to come up against1535

entertain1555

yoke1581

cope1594

conflict1599

clash1650

engage1697

engage1698

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 11 In a sea battell her shippes and men conflicted the cinque ports.

†5. figurative. To buffet with adversity. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)] > afflict > affect or visit with adversity

followOE

waryc1200

hita1400

remord?c1400

visit1424

to lead (a person) the measures1594

conflict1609

to lead a person a life1715

overhit1816

put1841

to put (a person) through it1855

1609 J. Davies in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign Elizabeth (1845) I. 252 Sith thy soule for me is so conflicted.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) ii. vii. 124 Those miseries and tentations, where with we are continually conflicted here below.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	conflict
释义	conflictn. Brit. /ˈkɒnflɪkt/, U.S. /ˈkɑnˌflɪk(t)/ Etymology: < Latin conflīctus (u- stem) striking together, shock, fight, conflict, < participial stem of conflīgĕre : see conflict v. The Old French representation of the Latin was conflit (= Italian conflitto), often written in 15–16th cent. conflict, after Latin; this may possibly have been the immediate source of the English word. 1. a. An encounter with arms; a fight, battle. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] fightc893 coursec1325 stourc1325 acounterc1330 meetingc1330 setc1330 showera1375 brusha1400 semblya1400 hosting1422 poynyec1425 conflictc1440 militancea1460 grate1460 rencounter1471 chaplea1500 flitea1513 concourse?1520 concursion1533 rescounter1543 spurnc1560 rencontrea1572 discourse1573 action1579 combat1582 opposition1598 do1915 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 90 Conflycte of werre, conflictus. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 403 Fiȝhtenge with shorte speres in conflictes. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vii. sig. G2 The lucklesse conflict with the Gyaunt stout. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. v. 14 Fourty thousand were slaine in the conflict . View more context for this quotation 1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 612 The bloody conflicts of the Druses and the Maronites. attributive.1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. xviii. 246 Then loudly rose the conflict-cry. b. esp. A prolonged struggle. ΚΠ 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. 320 If his arms terminated the conflict [between Thebes and Phocis]. 1884 Standard 28 Feb. 5/1 They forced on the Boers, under menace of an all but exterminating conflict, offensive and superfluous conditions. c. (without article or plural) Fighting, contending with arms, martial strife. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > [noun] campOE winOE armoura1387 battlea1400 cocka1400 poynyec1425 combattery1524 hostility1531 combattencie1586 conflict1611 armed conflict1834 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. xv. 17 They determined..manfully to trie the matter by conflict . View more context for this quotation 1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 104 In the hour of conflict. 1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) v. 126 Until they closed In conflict with the crash of shivering points. 2. a. transferred and figurative. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] i-winc888 wrestlingc890 fightc1000 flitec1000 teenOE winOE ungrithlOE wara1200 cockingc1225 strife?c1225 strivingc1275 struta1300 barratc1300 thro1303 battlec1375 contentionc1384 tuggingc1440 militationa1460 sturtc1480 bargain1487 bargaining1489 distrifea1500 concertation1509 hold1523 conflict1531 ruffle1532 tangling1535 scamblingc1538 tuilyie1550 bustling1553 tilt1567 ruffling1570 wresting1570 certationc1572 pinglinga1578 reluctation1593 combating1594 yoking1594 bandying1599 tention1602 contrast1609 colluctation1611 contestationa1616 dimication1623 rixation1623 colluctance1625 decertation1635 conflicting1640 contrasto1645 dispute1647 luctation1651 contest1665 stickle1665 contra-colluctation1674 contrasting1688 struggle1706 yed1719 widdle1789 scrambling1792 cut and thrust1846 headbutting1869 push-and-pull1881 contending1882 thrust and parry1889 aggro1973 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Aij^v Also where there is any lacke of ordre, nedes muste be perpetuall conflicte. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij To note the fighting conflict of her hew, How white and red, ech other did destroy. View more context for this quotation 1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters 88 I found it to be evidently Alcalisate; insomuch that it would make a conflict with Acids. 1883 J. A. Froude Short Stud. IV. i. i. 2 The recurring conflicts between Church and State. b. A mental or spiritual struggle within a man. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] > mental struggle conflictc1430 repugnancea1538 reluctancy1615 c1430 tr. Thomas à Kempis Consol. iii. xxii For, one temptacyon or tribulacion goinge awey, anoþer comeþ, yea, som tyme þe first conflicte yit duryng. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1879) 374 A man..may abide the conflicte of all vices, but [lechery] he moste flee. ?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth lxvi. f. 91 After long conflyct had within himselfe. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xviii. 496 I must confess that I was in great conflicts of Mind at this time. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 668 Pale With conflict of contending hopes and fears. 1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger ii. i. 13 Amidst the conflict of feelings under which he now listened. c. The clashing or variance of opposed principles, statements, arguments, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > mutual opposition (of principles, etc.) antipathy1601 expugnancy1620 pugnancy1660 collision1662 antagonism1716 clash1782 confliction1855 conflict1875 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 38 Whether in some cases there may not be a conflict of principles. 1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §324 There is no such thing really as a conflict of duties. 1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §327 Authorities whose injunctions come into conflict with each other. d. Psychology. The opposition, in an individual, of incompatible wishes or needs of approximately equal strength; also, the distressing emotional state resulting from such opposition. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > opposition of feelings > [noun] conflict1859 the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > opposition of feelings > [noun] > strain arising from conflict1859 tension1884 issue1977 1859 A. Bain Emotions & Will ii. vi. 442 I shall treat first of the conflict of a voluntary stimulus with the spontaneous impulses considered..as growing out of the purely physical conditions of the nervous and muscular systems. 1859 A. Bain Emotions & Will ii. vi. 445 Where two pleasures or two pains, or one of each, solicit the voluntary executive in opposite ways. The instances of this conflict may be as numerous as the various concurrences of the human feelings. 1887 J. Sully Outl. Psychol. (ed. 3) xi. 473 There arises an effect of mutual conflict, accompanied by a painful feeling of jar or discord. 1896 G. F. Stout Analyt. Psychol. I. ii. iv. 281 The conception of conflict..comprehends all kinds of intellectual hesitation, and it is the psychological counterpart of logical contradiction. 1935 D. K. Adams & K. E. Zener tr. K. Lewin Dynamic Theory of Personality iii. 89 Conflict situations of this type usually develop rather quickly. 1942 K. Horney Self-anal. iii. 94 The person may have gained a deep insight into the component parts of a conflict. 3. Dashing together, collision, or violent mutual impact of physical bodies. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > [noun] > forcible, heavy, or violent > collision hurtlinga1250 rackc1300 rasha1450 collision?a1475 fraying1489 running1538 conflict1555 jostling1580 intershock1611 jostle1611 allision1615 complosion1644 intershocking1652 rencounter1662 interfering1677 shocking1702 bump1843 cannoning1864 confliction1868 boink1963 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. i. f. 92^v As soone as they were nowe entered into the maine sea, such sourges and conflictes of water arose ageynst them. 1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 19 The Common Motion of Matter, proceding from external Impulse and Conflict. 1832 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. Electro-magnetism xii. § 253 He conceived that a continued series of electric shocks took place..a condition which he expressed by the term Electric Conflict. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxix. 253 The less perilous [must be] the conflicts of the ice-masses in their rotation. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. conflict research n. ΚΠ 1965 Listener 18 Nov. 787/1 Michael Nicholson is a Fellow in ‘conflict research’ at the University of Lancaster. conflict resolution n. ΚΠ 1957 (title) Journal of conflict resolution. 1968 L. Nader in D. L. Sills Internat. Encycl. Social Sci. III. 241/1 The style of conflict resolution derives from a society's structural principles of human association. conflict study n. ΚΠ 1965 Listener 18 Nov. 787/1 ‘Conflict studies’ is a new branch of academic investigation which attempts, among other things, to throw light on the causes of war. 1970 Times 24 Aug. 20/4 (advt.) The Irish tangle is unravelled by Iain Hamilton in Conflict Studies No. 6. Draft additions March 2003 conflict of interest n. (a) an incompatibility between the concerns or aims of different parties; (b) (chiefly in Business, Politics, and Law) a situation whereby two or more of the interests held by, or entrusted to, a single person or party are considered incompatible or breach prescribed practice; spec. a situation in which an individual may profit personally from decisions made in his or her official capacity. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > quality or condition of being incompatible > one who or that which is incompatible incompatibility1671 incompatiblea1711 conflict of interest1837 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > quality or condition of being incompatible > specifically of roles conflict of interest1837 role conflict1948 1837 Southern Lit. Messenger Dec. 752/1 My own convictions are that our system of Federal Government, with virtue on the part of the rulers, and vigilance on the part of the people, may exist forever. Under a fair administration of its powers, no conflict of interest or feeling can well arise. 1899 Overland Monthly Aug. 190/2 Socialism aims to make the State the industrial unit, involving the competition of one State with another, and ignoring the conflict of interest between classes within the State. 1938 New Eng. Weekly 21 July 276/1 It may be that behind the apparent split in governing-class opinion there is a conflict of financial interests. 1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. Jan. 73 Two of these [dimensions] were shown to have special relevance for behavior in a conflict-of-interest situation. 1987 W. Greider Secrets of Temple i. i. 21 To avoid any conflict of interest, Schultz would have to sell his bank stocks, government bonds and other financial assets whose value might be directly affected by Federal Reserve decisions. 1991 Japan Forum 3 368 The reforms failed..due to the conflict of interests between the major actors in the debate. 2002 Which? Feb. 33/1 The seller or developer might assure you that their lawyers will handle everything, but you can't expect proper protection when there's a conflict of interest. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). conflictv. Brit. /kənˈflɪkt/, U.S. /kənˈflɪk(t)/ Etymology: < Latin conflict-, participial stem of conflīgĕre to strike together, clash, conflict, contend, fight (whence the frequentative conflictāre), < con- together + flīgĕre to strike. No corresponding verb is recorded in French dictionaries; Italian has confliggere, conflissi, conflitto. 1. a. intransitive. To fight, contend, do battle. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] fightc900 to bid, offer, refuse, accept, take (arch.) battle1297 to do battle1297 to give battle1297 strive13.. battle1330 to instore a battle1382 fettlec1400 pugnec1425 toilc1425 to deliver battle1433 conflict?a1475 bargain1487 mellaya1500 liverc1500 to come out1511 field1535 combat1589 to manage arms1590 sway1590 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 139 Vsenge not to conflicte as with theire enmyes. 1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso xxvi. lxxiv. 211 First when to get Marfisa he had thought, He had conflicted more then twise or thrise. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xiii. 870 These Two with Hector and his host Conflicted. 1822 P. B. Shelley Hellas 30 The army encamp'd upon the Cydaris..saw two hosts conflicting in the air. b. transferred of the strife of natural forces. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (intransitive)] > mutually (of things) > specifically of natural forces wrestlea1400 conflict1626 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §203 You shall heare, vnder the Earth, a Horrible Thundring of Fire, and Water, conflicting together. 1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel ii. 26 They [the winds] all conflicted one with another at the same time. 2. figurative. To contend, strive, struggle with. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)] winc888 fightc900 flitec900 wraxlec1000 wrestlea1200 cockc1225 conteckc1290 strivec1290 struta1300 topc1305 to have, hold, make, take strifec1374 stightlea1375 debatec1386 batea1400 strugglec1412 hurlc1440 ruffle1440 warc1460 warslea1500 pingle?a1513 contend1529 repugn1529 scruggle1530 sturtc1535 tuga1550 broilc1567 threap1572 yoke1581 bustle1585 bandy1594 tilt1595 combat1597 to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597 mutiny1597 militate1598 combatizec1600 scuffle1601 to run (or ride) a-tilt1608 wage1608 contesta1618 stickle1625 conflict1628 stickle1647 dispute1656 fence1665 contrast1672 scramble1696 to battle it1715 rug1832 grabble1835 buffet1839 tussle1862 pickeer1892 passage1895 tangle1928 1628 S. D'Ewes Jrnl. Parl. (1783) 41 Fearing it might be a temptation of the devil's, he had conflicted with it. 1671 A. Seller Devout Communicant 140 See you him not (my Soul) fastned to the Cross? conflicting with his Fathers wrath? a1714 F. Brokesby Life H. Dodwell (1715) 16 Understanding the Difficulties, with which this..Nephew conflicted. 1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials II. i. xxiv. 197 He had both publickly and privatly conflicted with the adversaries..with admirable strength of learning. 3. figurative. Of interests, opinions, statements, feelings, etc.: To come into collision, to clash; to be at variance, be incompatible. (Now the chief sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > be unharmonious or incongruous [verb (intransitive)] > be in opposition or conflict thwart1519 jar?1541 interferea1644 clash1646 conflict1647 collide1864 1647 J. Sprigge Anglia Rediviva i. i. 2 Wherein both Interests conflicting. a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1873) III. v. 395 One error conflicts with another; each destroys its opponent and truth is evolved. 1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §324 The perplexities of conscience..in which duties appear to conflict with each other. †4. transitive. To engage in battle, to assault. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > fight (a battle, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > meet in battle meeteOE to meet withc1325 abattlec1400 recounter1455 check1535 to come up against1535 entertain1555 yoke1581 cope1594 conflict1599 clash1650 engage1697 engage1698 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 11 In a sea battell her shippes and men conflicted the cinque ports. †5. figurative. To buffet with adversity. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)] > afflict > affect or visit with adversity followOE waryc1200 hita1400 remord?c1400 visit1424 to lead (a person) the measures1594 conflict1609 to lead a person a life1715 overhit1816 put1841 to put (a person) through it1855 1609 J. Davies in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign Elizabeth (1845) I. 252 Sith thy soule for me is so conflicted. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) ii. vii. 124 Those miseries and tentations, where with we are continually conflicted here below. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1430v.?a1475
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