costreln.¹

Brit.

/ˈkɒstr(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈkɑstrəl/

Forms: Middle English costerell, Middle English costrelle, Middle English costrille, Middle English 1800s costril, Middle English–1600s costrell, Middle English– costrel, 1500s kostorell, 1600s castrel, 1700s costrill. N.E.D. (1893) also records the forms Middle English costrele, Middle English costrylle.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French costrel.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman costrel, Anglo-Norman and Middle French costerel (portable) container for liquids, flask (13th cent. or earlier), keg (1325 or earlier), probably an alteration (with suffix substitution: compare -rel -rel suffix) of costeret costret n. Compare post-classical Latin costrellus , costrellum (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), and also costarium , costerium (13th cent.). Compare earlier costret n.Earlier currency may be implied by the surname Robertus Costrel (1292), although this could alternatively reflect the Anglo-Norman word.

Now historical or in historical contexts.

A small vessel for storing or carrying wine, ale, water, etc.; spec. a flask or bottle with an ear or ears for the insertion of cords by which it may be carried (also called pilgrim's bottle). Also: a small wooden keg, esp. one used by farm labourers as a container for drinks (chiefly English regional in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > [noun] > carrying flask

costret1313

costrelc1380

ferrera1483

costard1503

canteen1744

flask1814

pilgrim's bottle1842

vatje1850

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun]

costret1313

flacketc1320

costrelc1380

ampullaa1398

flagon1470

costard1503

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > barrel or cask > [noun] > small

firkin1423

cag1452

kinkin1493

tonekin1546

bottle1578

kempkin1580

knaga1585

barrico1607

barrelet1611

barriket1611

keg1632

costrel1709

bareca1773

breaker1834

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 510 Ac by myddel þer hongeþ her a costrel [orig. draft o botel]..ful of þat bame cler þat precious ys & fre.

a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) Ruth ii. 9 If also thou thrustist, go to the litil costrils [a1382 Bodl. 959 costretis], and drynk watris.

1454 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 173 (MED) A costerell for ale.

a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 724/9 Hic colateralis, a costrille.

1572 Inventory G. Cope in Midland Counties Hist. Collector (1856) II. 331 Two kostorells of foure gallons a piece for drinke.

1620 in G. Ornsby Select. from Househ. Bks. Naworth Castle (1878) 137 Mr. Gray per bill, May 28.—ix gallons and v pintes of claret wine, xxij^s. vj^d. A costrell for the same, xviij^d.

1709 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1886) II. 280 In the north they say a costrel of Tarr for a barrell of Tarr.

1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ Costril, a small barrel. It was formerly used here instead of a bottle, by labourers who took milk and beer in it.

1874 Archaeol. Jrnl. Dec. 431 Mrs. Baily sent for exhibition two costrels, or pilgrims' bottles.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 99 The men bin gwine to the fild; fill the two-quart costrel for 'em.

1919 Vedanta Monthly July 164 He plunged the costrel again and again into the swiftly flowing water.

1987 T. B. Barry Archaeol. Medieval Ireland (1999) vi. 151 Many small finds were recovered, including some late-thirteenth-century coins and pieces of a green-glazed French barrel costrel.

2014 I. Anthony Miracle Thief xxx. 327 I've nothing to wash it with but wine from your costrel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

costreln.²

Brit.

/ˈkɒstrəl/, U.S.

/ˈkɑstrəl/

Forms: 1600s costrell, 1600s (1800s– English regional (Yorkshire)) costrill.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: costrel n.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an extended use of costrel n.¹ Perhaps compare costard n.¹ 2.

Now rare (English regional (Yorkshire) in later use).

The head.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun]

nolleOE

headOE

topa1225

copc1264

scalpa1300

chiefc1330

crownc1330

jowla1400

poll?a1400

testea1400

ball in the hoodc1400

palleta1425

noddle?1507

costard?1515

nab?1536

neck1560

coxcomb1567

sconce1567

now1568

headpiece1579

mazer1581

mazardc1595

cockcomb1602

costrel1604

cranion1611

pasha1616

noddle pate1622

block1635

cranium1647

sallet1652

poundrel1664

nob1699

crany?1730

knowledge box1755

noodle1762

noggin1769

napper1785

garret1796

pimple1811

knowledge-casket1822

coco1828

cobbra1832

coconut1834

top-piece1838

nut1841

barnet1857

twopenny1859

chump1864

topknot1869

conk1870

masthead1884

filbert1886

bonce1889

crumpet1891

dome1891

roof1897

beanc1905

belfry1907

hat rack1907

melon1907

box1908

lemon1923

loaf1925

pound1933

sconec1945

nana1966

1604 Meeting of Gallants sig. B2^v Vnlesse some Country Forehorse came by..with a Raine-beaten Feather in his Costrill.

1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 92 A wife..that no image was (for shee could speake) And now and then her husbands costrell breake.

1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield 14 Costrill, the head.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	costrel
释义	costreln.¹ Brit. /ˈkɒstr(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈkɑstrəl/ Forms: Middle English costerell, Middle English costrelle, Middle English costrille, Middle English 1800s costril, Middle English–1600s costrell, Middle English– costrel, 1500s kostorell, 1600s castrel, 1700s costrill. N.E.D. (1893) also records the forms Middle English costrele, Middle English costrylle. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French costrel. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman costrel, Anglo-Norman and Middle French costerel (portable) container for liquids, flask (13th cent. or earlier), keg (1325 or earlier), probably an alteration (with suffix substitution: compare -rel -rel suffix) of costeret costret n. Compare post-classical Latin costrellus , costrellum (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), and also costarium , costerium (13th cent.). Compare earlier costret n.Earlier currency may be implied by the surname Robertus Costrel (1292), although this could alternatively reflect the Anglo-Norman word. Now historical or in historical contexts. A small vessel for storing or carrying wine, ale, water, etc.; spec. a flask or bottle with an ear or ears for the insertion of cords by which it may be carried (also called pilgrim's bottle). Also: a small wooden keg, esp. one used by farm labourers as a container for drinks (chiefly English regional in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > [noun] > carrying flask costret1313 costrelc1380 ferrera1483 costard1503 canteen1744 flask1814 pilgrim's bottle1842 vatje1850 society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun] costret1313 flacketc1320 costrelc1380 ampullaa1398 flagon1470 costard1503 society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > barrel or cask > [noun] > small firkin1423 cag1452 kinkin1493 tonekin1546 bottle1578 kempkin1580 knaga1585 barrico1607 barrelet1611 barriket1611 keg1632 costrel1709 bareca1773 breaker1834 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 510 Ac by myddel þer hongeþ her a costrel [orig. draft o botel]..ful of þat bame cler þat precious ys & fre. a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) Ruth ii. 9 If also thou thrustist, go to the litil costrils [a1382 Bodl. 959 costretis], and drynk watris. 1454 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 173 (MED) A costerell for ale. a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 724/9 Hic colateralis, a costrille. 1572 Inventory G. Cope in Midland Counties Hist. Collector (1856) II. 331 Two kostorells of foure gallons a piece for drinke. 1620 in G. Ornsby Select. from Househ. Bks. Naworth Castle (1878) 137 Mr. Gray per bill, May 28.—ix gallons and v pintes of claret wine, xxij^s. vj^d. A costrell for the same, xviij^d. 1709 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1886) II. 280 In the north they say a costrel of Tarr for a barrell of Tarr. 1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ Costril, a small barrel. It was formerly used here instead of a bottle, by labourers who took milk and beer in it. 1874 Archaeol. Jrnl. Dec. 431 Mrs. Baily sent for exhibition two costrels, or pilgrims' bottles. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 99 The men bin gwine to the fild; fill the two-quart costrel for 'em. 1919 Vedanta Monthly July 164 He plunged the costrel again and again into the swiftly flowing water. 1987 T. B. Barry Archaeol. Medieval Ireland (1999) vi. 151 Many small finds were recovered, including some late-thirteenth-century coins and pieces of a green-glazed French barrel costrel. 2014 I. Anthony Miracle Thief xxx. 327 I've nothing to wash it with but wine from your costrel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). costreln.² Brit. /ˈkɒstrəl/, U.S. /ˈkɑstrəl/ Forms: 1600s costrell, 1600s (1800s– English regional (Yorkshire)) costrill. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: costrel n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an extended use of costrel n.¹ Perhaps compare costard n.¹ 2. Now rare (English regional (Yorkshire) in later use). The head. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun] nolleOE headOE topa1225 copc1264 scalpa1300 chiefc1330 crownc1330 jowla1400 poll?a1400 testea1400 ball in the hoodc1400 palleta1425 noddle?1507 costard?1515 nab?1536 neck1560 coxcomb1567 sconce1567 now1568 headpiece1579 mazer1581 mazardc1595 cockcomb1602 costrel1604 cranion1611 pasha1616 noddle pate1622 block1635 cranium1647 sallet1652 poundrel1664 nob1699 crany?1730 knowledge box1755 noodle1762 noggin1769 napper1785 garret1796 pimple1811 knowledge-casket1822 coco1828 cobbra1832 coconut1834 top-piece1838 nut1841 barnet1857 twopenny1859 chump1864 topknot1869 conk1870 masthead1884 filbert1886 bonce1889 crumpet1891 dome1891 roof1897 beanc1905 belfry1907 hat rack1907 melon1907 box1908 lemon1923 loaf1925 pound1933 sconec1945 nana1966 1604 Meeting of Gallants sig. B2^v Vnlesse some Country Forehorse came by..with a Raine-beaten Feather in his Costrill. 1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 92 A wife..that no image was (for shee could speake) And now and then her husbands costrell breake. 1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield 14 Costrill, the head. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1380n.²1604
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costreln.1

costreln.2

costreln.¹

costreln.²