单词 | cream |
释义 | † creamcremen.1 Obsolete or Historical. The consecrated oil used in anointing; = chrism n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > consumables > oil > [noun] chrisma1000 holy oilc1300 oilc1300 cream1303 reamc1390 chrisom?a1400 balm1447 Christendom?c1510 enoiling1555 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 9495 Holy bapteme, Houe of watyr, and noytede wyþ creme. c1315 Shoreham 13 That hi beethe eke atte fount Mid oylle and creyme alyned. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 93 Huanne he is ysmered myd þise holy crayme. 1432–50 tr. Higden (Rolls) VI. 159 The noyntynge of holy creame [L. sacri chrismatis, Trevisa crisme]. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 71 Creme scholde be blissede in the churche every yere. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. Cvi Item whether the kreme and oyle be newe and euery yere newe halowyd. ?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature ii. sig. Bviijv A boxe of creame and oyle. 1563 T. Becon Relikes of Rome in Wks. 383 The byshop must annoynt them with chrisme, commonly called, creame. a1602 W. Perkins Cases of Consc. (1619) 320 Popish consecration of salt, creame..and such like. 1642 J. Taylor Mad Fashions sig. A4v To Baptize with Cream, with salt and Spittle. 1883 tr. J. L. H. Campan Memoirs Mary Antoinette 160 Some consecrated oil, called holy cream. Compounds cream-box n. (also creme-box) = cream-stock n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > vessel (general) > ampulla or chrismatory > [noun] elvatc1000 chrismatorc1425 chrismatoryc1450 chrismerec1450 cream-stockc1450 vat1507 cream-box1565 chrisom1570 ampulla1720 chrismary1844 thumb-stall1849 oil stock1872 stock1872 1565 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 106 Item one creme box broken and defaced. cream-stock n. (also creme-stock) a receptacle for the chrism, a chrismatory. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > vessel (general) > ampulla or chrismatory > [noun] elvatc1000 chrismatorc1425 chrismatoryc1450 chrismerec1450 cream-stockc1450 vat1507 cream-box1565 chrisom1570 ampulla1720 chrismary1844 thumb-stall1849 oil stock1872 stock1872 c1450 in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1842) III. i. 203 Ane crem stok of siluer. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021). creamn.2 1. The oily or butyraceous part of milk, which gathers on the top when the milk is left undisturbed; by churning it is converted into butter. clotted cream or clouted cream, known also locally as Devonshire cream, Somersetshire cream, whipped cream, etc.: see clouted adj.2 ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [noun] > cream reameOE cream1332 raw creama1450 head1684 top of the milk1942 dairy cream1962 1332 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) I. 404 Creyme. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vii. 269 A fewe Cruddes and Craym [B. vi. 284 creem, C. ix. 306 creyme]. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 95 Al þe creem and fatnesse of þat mylke. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 101 Creme of mylke, quaccum. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 123 Bewar at eve of crayme of cowe. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxviv If thou haue no hony take swete creme. 1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xiii. sig. G.ivv Clowtyd crayme and rawe crayme put togyther. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §314 We see Cream is Matured, and made to rise more speedily by putting in cold Water. 1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode iv. iii. 63 The dull French Poetry..so thin, that it is the very Leaf-gold of Wit, the very Wafers and whip'd Cream of sense. 1778 Love-feast 33 With wheezing Whistle [He] whisks up his whipt Cream. 1825 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. 991 Devonshire cream, is a term applied in the county of that name, sometimes to sour curd, and sometimes to sour cream. 1841–44 R. W. Emerson Manners in Wks. (1906) I. 208 A new class finds itself at the top, as certainly as cream rises in a bowl of milk. 1865 E. Burritt Walk to Land's End viii. 269 That most delectable of luxuries, Devonshire or clotted cream. 1889 Boy's Own Paper 10 Aug. 714/3 Smearing both with Devonshire cream and with honey. 2. transferred. a. A fancy dish or sweet of which cream is an ingredient, or which has the appearance and consistency of cream, as almond, chocolate, iced cream, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > milk and cream dishes > [noun] > other cream dishes creamc1430 whitepot1577 trifle1598 fool1653 chocolate cream1702 taffety cream1723 crème1845 bavaroise1846 Chantilly cream1851 thunder and lightning1880 crème brûlée1886 crème Chantilly1908 Chantilly1939 c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 7 Fride Creme of Almaundys.—Take almaundys, an stampe hem, an draw it vp wyth a fyne thykke mylke..gadere alle þe kreme in þe clothe. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 347 From sweet kernels prest She tempers dulcet creams . View more context for this quotation 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Almonds give the Denomination to a great Number of Preparations in Confectionry, Cookery, &c. whereof they are the Basis; as Almond Cakes, Almond Cream..Almond paste, Almond snow &c. 1831 Cat's Tail 29 The creams were not iced. 1836 T. Hook Gilbert Gurney I. vii. 334 The remnants of a devoured feast..creams half demolished— jellies in trembling lumps. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > semi-fluidity > [noun] > a semi-fluid substance or mass sklucec1430 pap1435 slurryc1440 cream1540 batter1601 slabbermenta1620 swill1665 soss1691 porridge1700 cremor1701 sludge1702 semifluid1731 sludder1796 sloppery1832 slob1885 slabber1887 slather1928 gunk1949 1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde ii. f. lixv Skum or creme of the eyes. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 119 Till the meate bee perfectly chaunged and boyled into a moyst and liquid Creame. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §49 Indian Maiz..must be thoroughly boyled, and made into a Maiz-Creame like a Barley-Creame. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. xi. 24 To change the acid Cream brought out of the Stomach, forthwith into a brackish Salt. c. The part of a liquid which gathers on the top like the cream on milk; a ‘head’ of scum, froth, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [noun] > foam or froth foama700 scuma1250 frothc1384 spume1390 rial1440 escume1527 suds1592 balderdash1596 yeasta1616 cremor1657 cream1669 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) vii. §12. 141 Let the Vessel not be quite full, that there may be room for the Cider to gather a Head or Cream. a1672 Earl of Sandwich tr. A. A. Barba Art of Metals (1674) ii. xii. 38 Let it stand awhile, and if there arise a scum or cream, that is gross, or oily, scum it off. 1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto II clxxviii. 208 The cream of your champaigne. d. A cream-like preparation used cosmetically. See also cold cream n. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > unguents or moisturizers oil of talc1582 slick1626 cold cream1709 cream1765 amandin1861 face cream1889 skin food1892 skin cream1894 orange-flower skin food1908 violet cream1912 day cream1915 vanishing cream1916 night cream1926 orange skin food1926 baby oil1930 hormone cream1938 moisture cream1957 moisturizer1957 mousse1971 1765 O. Goldsmith Double Transform. in Ess. 233 In vain she tries her pastes and creams, To smooth her skin, or hide its seams. 1810 Russell To a Lady in Poet. Reg. 139 A pot of cold cream to Eliza you send..Whoe'er with this cream shall her countenance smear, All redness and roughness will strait disappear. e. Used in the names of some cordials and liqueurs, with reference to their viscid character, or acknowledged excellence; cream of the valley, cream of the wilderness, fancy names applied to gin. spec. A full-bodied mellow sherry. In full cream sherry. Cf. Bristol cream n. at Bristol n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > gin > [noun] bottled lightning1713 gin1713 royal bob1722 diddle1725 strike-fire1725 tittery1725 max1728 maxim1739 strip-me-naked1751 eye-water1755 sky blue1755 lightning1781 Jacky1800 ribbon1811 Daffy's elixir1821 sweet-stuff1835 tiger's milk1850 juniper1857 cream of the wilderness1858 satin1864 Twankay1900 panther1931 mother's ruin1933 needle and pin1937 the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > fortified wine, Madeira wine, and sack > [noun] > sherry > types of sherry doctor1770 antimonial wine1771 Montilla1793 Paxarete1802 pale sherry1803 amontillado1804 golden sherry1830 manzanilla1843 fino1846 Bristol milk1848 brown sherry1849 solera1851 amoroso1859 brown1862 oloroso1876 Bristol cream1886 Tio Pepe1886 cream sherry1964 1858 A. Mayhew Paved with Gold i. 1 (Farmer) What's up, Jim?..is it cream of the walley or fits as has overcome the lady? 1873 St. Paul's Mag. ii. 10 It's so jolly cold, I shall just buy some Cream of the Wilderness for mother. 1964 Wine & Spirit Trade Record 19 May 653 (advt.) A noble newcomer to the ranks of the famous, Diamond Jubilee Cream, the magnificent sweet cream sherry. 1965 Guardian 28 Nov. 2/8 A superb cream of considerable age. Bot. 21/6. 1969 Observer 21 Dec. 4/1 Of the complete range of Sherries on show five..each depicting one of the five main classifications—Fino—Amontillado—Oloroso—Amoroso—Cream. f. The liquid rich in droplets or particles of the dispersed phase that forms a separate (esp. upper) layer in an emulsion or suspension when it is allowed to stand or is centrifuged; spec. the liquid rich in globules of rubber that forms a layer on the surface of latex in the manufacture of india-rubber. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > semi-fluidity > [noun] > a semi-fluid substance or mass > specific chocolate liquor1662 dope18.. cream1903 mousse1968 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > rubber materials > [noun] > latex separated by centrifugation > cream cream1903 1903 J. G. McIntosh tr. T. Seeligmann Indiarubber 57 The hydrocarbide elements solidify on the surface into a sort of thick cream. 1914 H. Brown Rubber 71 The latex is diluted with water and is allowed to stand until the ‘cream’, consisting of the rubber globules, rises to the surface... The cream is afterwards converted into solid rubber by pressure [etc.]. 1934 H. N. Holmes Introd. Colloid Chem. viii. 78 Creams rise or sink according to the densities of the two liquids. If the two liquids have the same density they never cream. 1950 J. W. McBain Colloid Sci. ii. 21 In the cream the droplets are close together, and they may even..clump together, but it is important to note that they have not coalesced. 1965 Trans. Inst. Rubber Ind. XLI. 144 The latex in the creaming tank is then left undisturbed for about three weeks at the end of which separation is as complete as practical and the tank contains 24,000 gallons of cream..and 12,000 gallons of serum. 3. figurative. The most excellent element or part; the best of its kind; the choice part; the quintessence. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > the choice or pick flowerc1200 pearlc1400 richessec1450 choicea1513 wale1513 cream1581 garland1591 pink1597 analect1653 pick1766 the pick of the basket1874 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxix. 198 The gentlemen, which be the creame of the common. 1624 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 2) i. iv. i. 187 I say of our Melancholy man, hee is the cream of humane adversity. a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) i. i. 144 The Cream of the market. 1688 J. Bunyan Good News for Vilest of Men 11 These therefore must have the Cream of the Gospel, namely, the first offer thereof in his Life-time. 1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer iv. 79 The inside of the letter is always the cream of the correspondence. 1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XV xli. 25 An only daughter, Who seem'd the cream of equanimity. 1862 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon I. iv. 65 Receiving the cream of society, but never returning visits. 1890 Sat. Rev. 1 Feb. 145/2 Flight-shooting at duck is the very cream of wild-fowl shooting. 4. a. cream of tartar n. the purified and crystallized bitartrate of potassium, used in medicine and for various technical purposes. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > general chemical medicines > [noun] sulphurc1400 crystals of tartar1605 cremor of tartar1656 cream of tartar1662 polychrest1728 neutral1770 sulphuret1789 arsenical1818 gallo-nitrate1841 glonoin1860 hepar1866 tabloid1884 Nujol1916 pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923 polyvinyl pyrrolidone1945 povidone1955 bromocriptine1974 1662 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist (new ed.) §101 The Cream of Tartar is..to be had at any Druggist. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Cream of Tartar, is made of Tartar, or dry Wine-lees. 1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 287 Tartar, or Cream of Tartar as it is commonly called when pure. 1882 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Cream of tartar whey, two drachms of bitartrate of potash are added to a pint of milk. The whey, diluted with water, is used as a diuretic in dropsy. b. cream of tartar tree: a tree of Northern Australia, Adansonia Gregorii: see quot. 1866. The name is also given to the allied Baobab, whence cream of tartar fruit, the fruit of the Baobab. ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 18/1 Adansonia Gregorii..is a native of the sandy plains of N. Australia, and is known as Sour gourd and Cream of tartar tree..The pulp of its fruit has an agreeable acid taste, like cream of tartar, and is peculiarly refreshing in the sultry climates where the tree is found. 5. cream of lime n. pure slaked lime. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > lime materials > [noun] > slaked lime slaked lime1622 cream of lime1770 slack-lime1840 1770–4 A. Hunter Georgical Ess. (1803) IV. 154 Earth convertable, by a second calcination, into quick-lime, is called the cream of lime. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Cream of lime, the scum of lime water. Encycl. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. xi. 341 Reservoirs..containing pure slaked lime—the so-called ‘cream of lime’. 6. a. simple attributive or adj. Cream-coloured, yellowish white. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > [adjective] > cream cream-coloured1707 creamy1845 cream1861 1861 Windsor Express 5 Oct. A cream mare..fetched 50 guineas. 1887 The Lady 20 Jan. 38/1 Trimmed with cream lace. b. elliptical. Cream colour; also, a cream-coloured horse, rabbit, or the like. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > [noun] > cream butter colour1629 cream colour1694 creaminess1856 cream1872 1788 R. Twining Let. 15 Aug. in Sel. Papers Twining Family (1887) 154 She was drawn by a pair of prancing, long-tailed ‘creams’. 1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton vii. 96 Barges in cream and gold. 1885 Bazaar, Exchange & Mart 30 Mar. 1269/2 A grand pair of creams, with their litter of young. 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Feb. 3/2 The Queen's horses..The creams are eleven in number. Compounds C1. a. General attributive. (a) cream-bowl n. ΚΠ 1590 Tarltons Newes out of Purgatorie 2 As merry..as euer Robin Goodfellow made the country wenches at their Creame boules. a1637 B. Jonson Timber 717 in Wks. (1640) III They write a verse, as smooth, as soft, as creame..You may sound these wits..They are Cream-bowle, or but puddle deepe. cream-fat n. cream-freezer n. cream-pail n. ΚΠ 1752 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 131 My cream-pail is now before me in my china case, and makes a very considerable figure. cream-pancake n. ΚΠ 1877 Cassell's Dict. Cookery 161/2 Cream Pancakes. (b) cream-can n. ΚΠ 1959 M. Shadbolt New Zealanders 16 Father mounted me..on the konaki beside the cream-cans. cream-cheque n. ΚΠ 1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 30 Mar. 11/6 (advt.) Small farm for sale... Cream cheque about $100 per month. 1959 M. Shadbolt New Zealanders 12 The cream-cheques were never large; money was always short. cream-lorry n. ΚΠ 1936 M. E. C. Scott Barbara & N.Z. Backblocks 14 Send us bread by the cream-lorry. 1960 B. Crump Good Keen Man 103 I missed the cream lorry this morning. cream-stand n. ΚΠ 1963 M. Duggan in C. K. Stead N.Z. Short Stories (1966) 2nd Ser. 116 I..sat by the cream stand out on the main road. cream-truck n. (chiefly Australian and New Zealand) ΚΠ 1960 N. Hilliard Maori Girl i. i. 9 A wooden bridge..stands, its stringers creaking beneath every cream-truck. (c) cream-blanched adj. ΚΠ 1818 H. H. Milman Samor 335* Hath the cream-blanch'd steed..borne away His master? cream-hued adj. cream-white adj. ΚΠ 1842 Ld. Tennyson Sir Launcelot & Queen Guinevere in Poems (new ed.) II. 207 Her cream-white mule. 1882 Garden 5 Aug. 110/1 A little Hollyhock with cream-white flowers. b. Also cream cheese n., etc. cream-cake n. a cake filled with a custard made of cream, eggs, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes honey appleeOE barley-cake1393 seed cakea1400 cake?a1425 pudding-cake?1553 manchet1562 biscuit cake1593 placent1598 poplin1600 jumbal1615 bread pudding1623 semel1643 wine-cakea1661 Shrewsbury cake1670 curd cake1675 fruitcake1687 clap-bread1691 simnel cake1699 orange-flower cake1718 banana cake1726 sweet-cake1726 torte1748 Naples cake1766 Bath cake1769 gofer1769 yeast-cake1795 nutcake1801 tipsy-cake1806 cruller1808 baba1813 lady's finger1818 coconut cake1824 mint cake1825 sices1825 cup-cake1828 batter-cake1830 buckwheat1830 Dundee seed cake1833 fat-cake1839 babka1846 wonder1848 popover1850 cream-cake1855 sly-cake1855 dripping-cake1857 lard-cake1858 puffet1860 quick cake1865 barnbrack1867 matrimony cake1871 brioche1873 Nelson cake1877 cocoa cake1883 sesame cake1883 marinade1888 mystery1889 oblietjie1890 stuffed monkey1892 Greek bread1893 Battenberg1903 Oswego cake1907 nusstorte1911 dump cake1912 Dobos Torte1915 lekach1918 buckle1935 Florentine1936 hash cake1967 space cake1984 1855 E. Acton Mod. Cookery (rev. ed.) xxvi. 554 (heading) A delicious cream-cake. 1884 Girl's Own Paper Nov. 4/2 Work up the milk into..cream-cake. cream colour n. the colour of cream, a yellowish white; also attributive; absol. a cream-coloured horse. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > [noun] > cream butter colour1629 cream colour1694 creaminess1856 cream1872 1694 R. Molesworth Acct. Denmark in 1692 v. 38 A good Breed of Horses,..a yellowish cream Colour. 1769 Stratford Jubilee i. i. 10 An..ass set up his horrid bray, started my cream colours. 1882 Garden 16 Dec. 533/3 Chrysanthemums..cream colour, full flower. cream cracker n. a crisp, unsweetened biscuit. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > biscuit > [noun] > crackers watera1450 cracker1739 water biscuit1789 water cracker1803 cream cracker1906 Triscuit1906 saltine1907 shrimp cracker1969 1906 Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) v. 93 Biscuits..Cream Cracker 6d. per lb. 1937 ‘G. Orwell’ Road to Wigan Pier i. 15 You'll like a cream cracker with your cheese. 1962 E. O'Brien Lonely Girl vi. 67 We ate cold turkey and cream crackers. cream-cups n. a Californian papaveraceous plant, Platystemon californicus, with cream-coloured flowers. cream-faced adj. having a face of the colour of cream (from fear). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [adjective] > pale with fear cream-faceda1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. iii. 11 Thou cream-fac'd Loone. View more context for this quotation 1793–7 Polit. Ecl. in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1799) I. 437 Great Marat..Sees cream-fac'd Stanley turn on Fox his heels. cream horn n. a pastry case shaped like a horn and filled with cream and jam; also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > sweet or rich pastries > [noun] puff1419 curd tart1594 baklava1650 petits choux1702 chou1706 pastry1708 millefeuille1733 pithivier1834 frangipane1844 apple strudel1850 cream puff1851 ensaimada1867 profiterole1884 Napoleon cake1892 strudel1893 milk tart1896 Napoleon1896 St. Honoré1907 cream horn1908 bear claw1915 butterhorn1920 churro1929 vanilla slice1930 Danish pastry1934 gur cake1936 rugelach1941 pain au chocolat1944 religieuse1954 Pop Tart1964 Napoleon pastry1969 1908 J. Kirkland Mod. Baker III. lxii. 349 Cream Horns. Roll out some puff-paste..and cut up in long strips... Wind each of these pieces of paste round a tin mould shaped like a cornucopia... Fill with..whipped cream. 1908 J. Kirkland Mod. Baker III. lxii. 349 (caption) Cream horn or cornucopia tin. 1960 E. W. Hildick Boy at Window xiii. 99 Daintily nibbling a cream horn. cream ice n. an ice-cream. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > ices > [noun] > ice-cream ice cream1672 iced cream1688 cream ice1849 1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. xxvii. 263 What ice will you have—water ice or cream ice? 1854 in W. James Order of Release (1948) xv. 233 Gentlemen..placidly imbibing a cream ice. 1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 97/2 Cream Ice Jacks, street-sellers of ½d. ices. ΚΠ 1707 in H. Playford Wit & Mirth (new ed.) III. 37 I have..Ruscan and Cream joy, wherewith you may slabber you. cream-jug n. a small jug for holding cream at table. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > [noun] > jug > for milk or cream cream-jug1773 pourie1787 milk jug1820 1773 London Chron. 7 Sept. 248/3 The following articles..were assayed and marked..castors, ice pails, cream jugs. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xv. 18 I observe another fly in the cream-jug. ΚΠ a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 98 This feast [sc. harvest-home] is called the Creame potte or Creame-kitte..the workefolkes will aske theire dames if they have good store of Creame, and say that they must have the Creame kitte anon. cream-laid adj. applied to laid paper of a cream colour. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > paper of specific colour white paper1446 brown1712 whitey-brown1761 cream-laid1858 society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [adjective] > laid paper > of specific colour blue laid1826 cream-laid1858 1858 A. Trollope Three Clerks II. xi. 239 An elegant little chamber..supplied with cream laid note paper, new pens, and the ‘Times’ newspaper. 1863 R. Herring Paper (ed. 3) 123 With reference to the writing qualities..there are five kinds—cream wove, yellow wove, blue wove, cream laid, and blue laid. 1939 ‘J. Struther’ Mrs. Miniver 27 An invitation written..on lavishly stout cream-laid. cream-nut n. = Brazil-nut n. at Brazil n.1 Compounds. cream-pan n. = creaming-pan at creaming n. b. cream-pitcher n. (U.S.) a cream-jug. cream-pot n. a vessel for holding milk while the cream is forming; a vessel for keeping cream; figurative a dairy maid; see also quot. 1877 and cf. cream-kitte n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > dairy staff > dairymaid deya1000 dey-wife1495 milkmaid1552 cream-pot1580 milkmadge1582 dey-woman1598 whowball1598 dairymaid1616 milk-girl1789 dey-girl1828 milkeress1839 gopi1880 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > dairy farming > [noun] > dairy-farmer > milkmaid deya1000 dey-wife1495 milkmaid1552 cream-pot1580 milkmadge1582 dey-woman1598 whowball1598 dairymaid1616 milk-girl1789 dey-girl1828 milkeress1839 gopi1880 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Esburrer, to fleet the cream potte. a1625 J. Fletcher Wit without Money (1639) ii. sig. D3v To carry any durty dairy creame pot, or any gentle Lady of the Laundry..behinde my gelding. 1684 T. Otway Atheist ii. 13 What would your Cream-pot in the Country give for that Title, think you? 1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Cream-pot, a harvest supper of cakes and cream. cream-separator n. a machine for separating the cream from milk. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > formation of cream > cream-separator pancheon1601 creamer1858 centrifuge1866 milk separator1869 cream-separator1884 separator1884 1884 Pall Mall Gazette Extra 24 July 3/1 There are three cream separators. 1887 Spectator 1 Oct. 1305 Milk from which the cream has been taken by the centrifugal cream-separator. cream-slice n. a knife-like instrument for skimming milk, or for serving frozen cream. ΚΠ 1789 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Glocestershire I. 269 Cream-slice, a wooden knife, somewhat in the shape of a table-knife; length 12 or 14 inches. cream soda n. originally U.S. a carbonated drink of soda water. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > aerated or carbonated drink > [noun] > soda water > flavoured cream soda1854 soda-pop1863 1854 Amer. Agriculturist 20 Dec. 233/3 A recipe has been sold all over the country for making ‘cream-soda’. 1935 L. MacNeice Poems 31 Drunk with steam-organs, thigh-rub and cream-soda. cream tea n. afternoon tea which includes bread or scones with jam and clotted cream. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > tea tea1738 high tea1787 tea and turn out1806 supper1818 tousy tea1835 meat tea1842 thé complet1856 low tea1883 thick tea1886 tea-supper1892 cream tea1964 1964 P. M. Hubbard Pict. Millie viii. 74 We just bathe and moon about and eat cream teas. cream-ware n. cream-coloured pottery ware. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > pottery of specific colour white ware1577 yellow ware1764 pearl white1779 cream-ware1780 Egyptian black1784 greyware1793 agateware1817 pearl pottery1825 brown ware1836 pearlware1842 black pot1851 cane colour1866 tortoiseshell ware1879 1780 in D. C. Towner Eng. Cream-Coloured Earthenware (1957) iii. 10 (advt.) To be sold..At the Derby Pot Manufactury, A large quantity of Earthenware..consisting of..Enamelled Cream Ware, and plain Cream tentable ware. 1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. vii. 285 By the close of the year 1761 Mr. Wedgwood has brought his cream-ware to a considerable degree of perfection. 1962 3rd Internat. Art Treasures Exhib. (Victoria & Albert Mus.) 62/2 Two Astbury figures in creamware splashed with manganese. ΚΠ 1704 Dict. Rusticum (at cited word) Cream-water; is such Water, as hath a kind of Oyl upon it, or fat Scum, which being boyl'd, turneth into several Medicaments. cream-wove n. wove paper of cream colour. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > woven paper yellow1798 wove1859 cream-wove1863 1863Cream-wove [see cream-laid adj.]. 1891 Haymarket Stores Catal. 387 Foreign note paper. Strong cream wove. C2. Also (as in cream-cake) used to designate many other confections cooked with cream, or filled with whipped cream or Devonshire cream, as cream bun, cream scone, cream slice, etc. ΚΠ 1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. L6 Cream Tarts..Eggs..Flour..Milk..Butter..Salt... Make your Tarts of Puff-paste..pour in your Cream. 1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. L6v (heading) Cream-Toasts, or Pain Perdu. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 112 A Cream Pudding..Cream..Mace..Nutmeg..Eggs..Flour..Almonds..Rose-water. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) iii. 20 I ought to have remembered the pepper which the Princess of Persia puts in the cream-tarts in the Arabian Nights. 1861 I. M. Beeton Bk. Househ. Managem. x. 191 (heading) Cream Sauce For Fish Or White Dishes. 1869 E. Eggleston Mr. Blake's Walking-stick i. 15 [He] rolled his soft lips about, as though he had a cream tart in his mouth. 1877 Cassell's Dict. Cookery 160/2 Cream Biscuits..Cream Fritters. 1877 Cassell's Dict. Cookery 161/2 Cream Pancakes..Cream Pudding. 1877 Cassell's Dict. Cookery 162/1 Cream Sauce. 1877 Cassell's Dict. Cookery 162/2 Cream Toasts. 1888 L. Hargis Graded Cook Bk. 13 Amber Cream Soup... One pint cream, one pint milk, pinch of salt, pinch of cinnamon, three eggs. 1892 T. F. Garrett & W. A. Rawson Encycl. Pract. Cookery I. 469/2 Cream Scones..will take from ten to twelve minutes to cook. 1894 Cream bun [sold in London]. 1897 Hearth & Home 2 Dec. 171/2 Devonshire Cream Buns. 1906 Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) xxxi. 906 Cream Buns. 1915 M. Byron Cake Bk. 71–2 Cream Scones. 1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 360/1 A purée or cream soup garnished with lettuce. 1962 Which? Jan. 17/1 Cream soups are different from plain soups in that they contain a certain minimum of fat. 1963 Times 14 May 4/1 Milburn, whose zestful run up suggested a Bunter in quest of a cream bun. Draft additions August 2007 cream-crowdie n. Scottish = cranachan n. (cf. crowdie n. 2). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > [noun] > other confections or sweet dishes pionade1302 spinee1381 pokerouncea1450 strawberry cream1523 pannag1540 alkermes1547 sugar-bread1587 snow1597 flammick1600 Norfolk fool1623 fool1653 chocolate cream1702 meringue1706 steeple cream1747 trifle1755 snowball1769 sweet bread1777 marrangle1809 meteor1820 mimpins1820 Nesselrode1835 meringué1845 Swiss cream1845 turban1846 coconut cream1847 panforte1865 yokan1875 bombe1892 Eton mess1896 meringue Chantilly1901 streusel1909 rocky road1920 ringocandy1922 stem ginger1922 dulce de leche1923 kissel1924 some-more1925 cream-crowdie1929 Pavlova cake1929 s'more1934 cranachan1946 sugar-on-snow1947 calavera1948 suji halwa1955 vacherin1960 zuppa inglese1961 brûlée1966 pav1966 delice1967 banoffi1974 macaroon1985 Nanaimo1991 macaron1993 1929 F. M. McNeill Scots Kitchen 200 Cream-crowdie. An indispensable dish at the Kirn, or Harvest Home. Oatmeal, cream, sugar and flavouring to taste. 1996 BBC Good Food Oct. 38/4 Bramble and bilberry cream crowdie. The coarse oatmeal used here, often called pinhead oatmeal, is available from health food shops and large supermarkets. Draft additions June 2015 cream of the crop n. (originally) the best produce from a harvest; (now chiefly in extended use) the best of a group of people or things; cf. sense 3. ΚΠ 1851 Boston Daily Atlas 6 Mar. 2/4 Their customers require goods made of the best cotton, the cream of the crop. 1876 Times of India 14 Mar. 1/2 (advt.) Tobaccos, finest Virginia Golden Leaf and Honeydew, ‘Cream of the Crop’. 1915 Independent 27 Dec. 532 The war has taught us that the blood of nations..is to be entrusted only to the freshest, the most elastic, the most gifted of military spirits, the very cream of the crop. 1919 U. P. Hedrick Man. Amer. Grape-growing xiv. 263 With tree-fruits, the cream of the crop goes to the fresh fruit market. 1950 Gaz. & Bull. (Williamsport, Pa.) 7 Jan. 12/3 (advt.) Automobiles for sale. Cream of the crop at prices that will pleasantly surprise. 2007 E. Clapton & C. S. Sykes Autobiogr. 77 In all our minds we were the cream of the crop, the elite in our respective domains. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). creamv. 1. a. intransitive. Of milk: To form cream. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [verb (intransitive)] > form cream cream1596 1596 [implied in: E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vii. vi. 48 Some wicked beast unware That breakes into her Dayr' house, there doth draine Her creaming pannes. (at creaming-pan at creaming n. b)]. 1674 A. Cremer tr. J. Scheffer Hist. Lapland xxviii. 131 The Dairy-Maids first let the milk stand to cream. 1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 102 Strain your Milk into a Pot..put it in your Pans..when 'tis creamed, skim it exceeding clean from the Milk. 1881 J. P. Sheldon Dairy Farming 295 The salient idea in the system is that milk is set in ice-water to cream. b. transitive. To cause or allow (milk) to form cream. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [verb (transitive)] > cause to form cream cream1883 1883 Worcester Advert. 9 June 3/2 It is better to cream the milk at the farm in small vessels. 1886 All Year Round 14 Aug. 34 They churn the milk instead of creaming it first. 2. a. intransitive. Of other liquids: To form a scum or frothy layer on the surface; to mantle, foam, froth. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > effervesce [verb (intransitive)] > foam or froth foamc950 spumec1400 creamc1440 ream1440 fry1590 mantle1595 froth1603 sud1603 freathe1786 sponge1790 yeast1880 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > become coated with a layer [verb (intransitive)] > with a thin layer > of liquid creamc1440 mantle1595 scum1769 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 101 Cremyn, or remyn, as lycour, spumat. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 89 A sort of men whose visages Doe creame and mantle like a standing pond. View more context for this quotation 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia i. vi. 13 Some Fountaines creame with a liquid Bitumen. 1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xv. 310 If it..Cream like bottled Ale. 1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton xx. 291 The wine that was frothing and creaming in her glass. b. with adverb complement, as down, up. ΚΠ 1844 T. N. Talfourd Vacation Rambles (1851) i. vii. 94 The stream..was seen creaming down a dark precipice. 1881 Daily Tel. 24 Feb. The tide creaming past us. c. Of an emulsion or suspension, esp. rubber latex: to form cream (cream n.2 2f); to separate into a layer of cream and another layer. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > semi-fluidity > [verb (intransitive)] > form semi-fluid substance porridge1629 cream1903 sludge1941 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > rubber materials > actions of rubber materials [verb (intransitive)] > of rubber latex: form cream cream1903 1903 [implied in: J. G. McIntosh tr. T. Seeligmann Indiarubber 56 Coagulation by creaming after doubling the volume of the latex with water. (at creaming n. c)]. 1914 H. Brown Rubber 71 Castilloa latex..creams very readily. 1926 IRI Trans. II. 229 Iceland moss extract will cause the latex to ‘cream’ in a few hours. 1934 H. N. Holmes Introd. Colloid Chem. viii. 78 Creams rise or sink according to the densities of the two liquids. If the two liquids have the same density they never cream. 1950 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) X. 553/1 Latex creams very slowly and incompletely under the influence of gravity. 1960 A. W. Adamson Physical Chem. of Surfaces ix. 389 Various O/W [sc. oil-in-water] emulsions, if allowed to stand, would separate or cream into emulsion-rich and emulsion-poor portions. d. transitive. To cause (latex) to cream; to bring about creaming in. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > semi-fluidity > [verb (transitive)] > convert to semi-fluid substance sludge1757 emulsify1859 emulsionize1872 cream1938 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with rubber or plastic > work with rubber or plastic [verb (transitive)] > specific processes friction1881 reclaim1890 undercure1916 plasticate1929 cream1938 masterbatch1971 1938 C. F. Flint Chem. & Technol. Rubber Latex v. 204 It is possible to cream latex. 1943 H. Barron Mod. Synthetic Rubbers (ed. 2) x. 160 It is difficult to cream or centrifuge Buna latex because the particles are much smaller than normal rubber particles. 1965 Trans. Inst. Rubber Industry XLI. 136 In 1924 Traube patented the use of organic colloids for creaming natural rubber latex. 3. To rise to the top like cream.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1887 Notes & Queries 7th ser. IV. 57/2 That a man must have creamed to the top by prosperity and success. 4. transitive. To skim the cream from the surface of (milk). ΚΠ 1727–31 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. Cream, to skim off cream. 1852 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 205 The spoon, which had unluckily been left, after creaming the milk for my tea. 5. To separate as cream; figurative to take the cream of, take the best or choicest part of; to gather as the cream. Const. off. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [verb (transitive)] > separate cream cream1615 the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > choose in specific way [verb (transitive)] > select from a number or for a purpose > pick out the best garble1484 coil1607 cream1615 geld1637 cull1713 to pick over1732 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 410 Nourished..by a most pure and bright substance out of the separation of the bloud; as if he should say, it is creamed as it were off from the bloud. 1677 J. Lake & S. Drake in J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ Ep. Ded. sig. A4 Yet how many such Authors must be creamed..to make up his Fuscara? 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub ix. 175 Such a Man truly Wise, creams off Nature, leaving the Sower and the Dregs, for Philosophy and Reason to lap up. 1836 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 3 490 The picturesque table of matters which my aunt creamed for us. 1884 Sat. Rev. 15 Nov. 621/2 It has been found necessary to cream the battalions now in England to make up the Nile expedition. 1905 Daily Chron. 13 Sept. 4/3 What is the function of the Volunteers?.. To be creamed off into foreign service? 1957 Times 14 Feb. Ring roads must be built to cream off the heavy industrial traffic. 6. To add cream to a cup of tea, coffee, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > preparation of drinks > [verb (transitive)] > add cream to tea or coffee cream1834 1834 M. Edgeworth Helen III. iv. 75 He sugared, and creamed, and drank, and thought, and spoke not. 1850 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 14 194 [She] creams and sugars as if her hands dallied over a labour of love. 1893 N.E.D. at Cream Mod. To cream tea. 7. To prepare (fish, chicken, etc.) in a cream sauce. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > cook with specific ingredient buttera1475 cream1906 1906 [implied in: Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) l. 1517 Creamed Lobster..Creamed Peas. (at creamed adj. 2)]. 1908 [implied in: Practitioner Sept. 369 Later on creamed chicken or fish may be given. (at creamed adj. 2)]. 1935 ‘R. Crompton’ William—the Detective vii. 141 Dishes of creamed chicken for ‘our little doggie brothers’. 8. a. To work (butter and sugar, yolk of eggs and sugar, etc.) into a creamy consistency. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > whip swingc1000 swengec1430 slingc1450 beat1486 batter1585 strokea1639 mill1662 whip1673 whisk1710 cream1889 1889 R. Wells Pastrycook & Confectioner's Guide 30 Then start and cream the butter and sugar together. 1892 T. F. Garrett & W. A. Rawson Encycl. Pract. Cookery I. 839/2 Cream 1/ 4lb. of butter, add 1/ 4lb. of caster sugar. 1906 Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) xxxii. 916 Cream the butter and sugar together until thick and white. 1915 M. Byron Cake Bk. 132 Cream eight ounces of butter with eight ounces of sugar. 1915 M. Byron Cake Bk. 139 Cream four ounces of castor sugar with six yolks. 1917 D. F. Canfield Understood Betsy vi. 119 You put the silver around, while I cream the potatoes. 1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 167/1 Simple operations such as creaming sugar and fat. b. transferred. To deal with vigorously and with success, esp. to beat or thrash; to defeat heavily, as in sporting contexts; to ruin or wreck (a motor vehicle, etc.). colloquial (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person to-beatc893 threshOE bustc1225 to lay on or upon?c1225 berrya1250 to-bunea1250 touchc1330 arrayc1380 byfrapc1380 boxc1390 swinga1400 forbeatc1420 peal?a1425 routa1425 noddlea1450 forslinger1481 wipe1523 trima1529 baste1533 waulk1533 slip1535 peppera1550 bethwack1555 kembc1566 to beat (a person) black and blue1568 beswinge1568 paik1568 trounce1568 canvass1573 swaddle?1577 bebaste1582 besoop1589 bumfeage1589 dry-beat1589 feague1589 lamback1589 clapperclaw1590 thrash1593 belam1595 lam1595 beswaddle1598 bumfeagle1598 belabour1600 tew1600 flesh-baste1611 dust1612 feeze1612 mill1612 verberate1614 bethumpa1616 rebuke1619 bemaul1620 tabor1624 maula1627 batterfang1630 dry-baste1630 lambaste1637 thunder-thump1637 cullis1639 dry-banga1640 nuddle1640 sauce1651 feak1652 cotton1654 fustigate1656 brush1665 squab1668 raddle1677 to tan (a person's) hide1679 slam1691 bebump1694 to give (a person) his load1694 fag1699 towel1705 to kick a person's butt1741 fum1790 devel1807 bray1808 to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813 mug1818 to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821 welt1823 hidea1825 slate1825 targe1825 wallop1825 pounce1827 to lay into1838 flake1841 muzzle1843 paste1846 looder1850 frail1851 snake1859 fettle1863 to do over1866 jacket1875 to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877 to take apart1880 splatter1881 to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884 to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886 to do up1887 to —— (the) hell out of1887 to beat — bells out of a person1890 soak1892 to punch out1893 stoush1893 to work over1903 to beat up1907 to punch up1907 cream1929 shellac1930 to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931 duff1943 clobber1944 to fill in1948 to bash up1954 to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976 to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983 beast1990 becurry- fan- society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > defeat heavily rout1835 cane1961 cream1962 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)] > beyond repair (a car, etc.) total1895 to write off1919 scuttle1941 cream1972 1929 Princeton Alumni Weekly 24 May 981/1 Say, if he opens his mouth, I'll cream him. 1929 Princeton Alumni Weekly 24 May 981/3 To cream is a delightful verb that is an essential part of any toughie's vocabulary... It may be applied to an individual, an exam, almost anything that one dislikes heartily. 1962 Whig-Standard (Kingston, Ont.) 30 Oct. 10/4 It makes a player keep his head up, thus he isn't as liable to get creamed by a bodychecking forward or defenceman. 1972 National Observer (U.S.) 27 May 1/1 Fifteen minutes ago I would have creamed that car, and probably the kids too. 1973 W. Sheed People will always be Kind ii. v. 317 Time for one more poll, and let's hope this was the right one. It showed us creaming Wilkins, and just about edging the rest. 1977 Times 29 July 10/3 Hookes had twice creamed Willis effortlessly through the covers. 1978 J. Carroll Mortal Friends iv. v. 442 Brady had pretended, for ambition's sake, to garner less power than Curley, and in the end Curley had creamed him. 9. To treat (the skin) with a cosmetic cream. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > cleanse or moisturize mercury1601 cold-cream1910 cream1921 moisturize1945 1921 W. J. Locke Mountebank xi. 142 She corseted herself, creamed her face, set a coiffeur to work his will on her hair. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xviii. [Penelope] 714 Stripped at the washstand dabbing and creaming. 1927 Daily Express 14 Oct. 3/6 To have their ankles massaged, creamed, and drilled into the approved slender lines of grace and beauty. 1952 D. L. Ames Murder, Maestro, Please xvi. 111 I blacked out..without even creaming my face. 1967 ‘M. Erskine’ Case with Three Husbands vi. 88 Ginney picked up a jar and began to cream her face briskly. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.11303n.21332v.c1440 |
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