alimentn.

Brit.

/ˈalᵻm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈæləmənt/

Forms:

α. 1500s alimente, 1500s alyment, 1500s alymente, 1500s– aliment.

β. also Scottish pre-1700 aliament, pre-1700 alliament.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French aliment; Latin alimentum.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French aliment physical nourishment, sustenance (late 14th cent.; earlier in figurative use (late 12th cent. in Old French)), any of the necessities of life (1603), (in plural, as a legal term) means of subsistence (1690), or its etymon (ii) classical Latin alimentum (singular or plural) food, provisions, (plural) sustenance, maintenance < alere to feed, nourish, to support, maintain ( < the same Indo-European base as old adj.) + -mentum -ment suffix. Compare aliment v.

a. That which nourishes the body of an animal or plant; nutriment; food. Also (as a count noun): a food; a nutritious or edible substance; a nutrient.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > [noun] > sustenance or nourishment

foodOE

fosterc1000

fodnethOE

flittinga1225

livenotha1225

nourishingc1300

sustenancec1300

livelihoodc1325

nurture1340

fosteringc1386

livingc1405

nouriturea1425

nutriment?a1425

nutrition?a1425

lifehood1440

reliefa1450

nourishmentc1450

nurshingc1450

sustentationc1450

nutrimentc1485

alimenta1500

sustainmenta1500

bielda1522

creature1540

suck1584

mantiniment1588

fosterment1593

the three M's1938

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) l. 2194 Liquours conveith alle Alimente & fode To euery parte of mannys bodie.

1585 W. Bayley Disc. Mithridatium sig. D.3^v The stomacke in good order desireth and digesteth alimentes.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ggg1 In the body there are three degrees of that we receiue into it: Aliment Medicine and Poyson.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 378 Poysons may meet with tempers whereto they may become Aliments .

1682 N. Grew Idea Philos. Hist. Plants 3 in Anat. Plants The Aliment by which a Plant is fed.

1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. I. i. 120 Fluid Aliments, such as Broths and Soops.

1772 W. Cullen Inst. Med. iv. §202 Animals are determined to take in aliment by the appetites of hunger and thirst.

1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 599 A mild vegetable aliment, where aliment can be taken without inducing sickness, or exciting vomiting.

1826 C. Lamb in New Monthly Mag. 16 263 The aliment of this poor babe was thin, unnourishing.

1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals iv. 204 A mouth and gullet..admit aliment to the digestive sac.

1931 Times 4 Apr. 11/5 It would be much to the advantage not only of Brazil..that we should considerably increase our consumption of that aromatic aliment [sc. coffee].

1994 W. R. Newman Gehennical Fire ii. 87 Worsley thought that saltpeter was the natural aliment of plants and that it could therefore be used as a fertilizer, by steeping seeds in a solution thereof.

2001 Guardian 21 Dec. ii. 18/1 Normally packed to the gunnels, La Lawson's larder was, Yuletidely, overflowing with delicious delicacies, ambrosial aliment and scrumptious scoff.

b. figurative. Something which supports or sustains; a source of sustenance. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation in being or maintenance > that which

foodOE

breadc1175

sustainera1325

sustenance?a1430

maintainer1551

sustain1567

aliment?1608

alimony1626

?1608 S. Lennard tr. P. Charron Of Wisdome i. xxxix. 142 He neuer ceaseth searching and seeking with great study, the causes and aliments of misery.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1956) VIII. 101 The world is one Body, and Mariage the Aliment.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. ix. sig. Dd8 The means of Grace..are Piety's..true and improving Aliments.

1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxxi. 245 Mischief, Love, and contradiction, are the natural Aliments of a Woman.

1796 C. Burney Mem. Life Metastasio II. 389 Tasting the first aliments of scientific cognition.

1845 Monitor (Honolulu) 22 Aug. 31/1 Those whose mental aliment is fiction, live in a fictitious, unreal world.

1872 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. iv. 143 Vice is not a necessary aliment, it is not even a necessary foil to virtue.

1916 Machinists' Monthly Jrnl. Apr. 351/2 ‘Tell her a story!’ Why, that is the very aliment which her opening mind seizes with the greatest eagerness.

2010 N. C. Gual in N. B. Ramos Flaming Embers 323 The Caribbean appears as the perfect aliment for the mind and the senses.

2. Chiefly Scots Law. Provision for the maintenance of a person; an allowance or pension. Cf. alimony n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > allowance

allocate1438

allowance1440

liveringa1500

lowing1533

allocation1535

aliment1563

allowment1646

allowance money1700

appointmenta1715

1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse f. 72 A new oblation the whiche the Churche receauing from the Apostles vniuersalie offreth to God, that giueth to vs our Alimentes and sustenence.

1636 J. Trussell Contin. Coll. Hist. Eng. 80 Hee founded at Southwicke..a Chauntry with sufficient aliment, and all other necessaries for five Priests for ever.

1641 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 2 Jan. (1855) 167 Allowing to the said Margaret, for hir and hir childrene thair aliment and mantenance..aught hundred merks.

1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. i. iv. 34 The Aliment, or Furnishing of the Wife, is a Debt of her Husbands.

1714 W. Forbes Jrnl. Session 1705–13 196 Here no Necessity gave Rise to the Aliment, but the Alimenter's free Desire to have his Nephew in his own Family.

1780 J. Howard State Prisons Eng. & Wales (ed. 2) 6 The expense of sueing for the aliment.

1865 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia VI. xx. ix. 229 He had some pension or aliment from the Austrian Court.

1881 Fifeshire Jrnl. 15 Jan. 5/5 Inspector of Poor sued James Baxter for the board of his father in the Poorhouse..Decree was given for aliment at the rate of 2s. 6d. a week.

1909 Daily Chron. 12 July 5/2 His lordship granted a decree, the petitioner to have the custody of the girl of the marriage and £20 aliment, and the respondent to have the custody of the boy.

1980 Daily Tel. 18 Oct. 10/6 He gave judgment in favour of the mother..and increased her daughter's aliment to £6 a week.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

alimentv.

Brit.

/ˈalᵻm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈæləm(ə)nt/

Forms: late Middle English alyment, 1600s– aliment.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French alimenter.

Etymology: < French alimenter to nourish, to maintain, sustain (both 14th cent.) < post-classical Latin alimentare to nourish, feed (4th cent.), to maintain, support (14th cent.) < classical Latin alimentum aliment n. Compare aliment n.

a. transitive. To supply with food; to feed, nourish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > feed or nourish [verb (transitive)]

afeedeOE

foddereOE

feedc950

fosterc1175

fooda1225

nourishc1300

nurshc1325

nourishc1384

abechea1393

relievec1425

norrya1450

nurturea1450

pasturec1450

foisonc1485

bield1488

aliment1490

repast1494

nutrifya1500

repatera1522

battle1548

forage1552

nurse1591

substantiate1592

refeed1615

alumnate1656

focillate1656

1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos xxix. sig. H.iiij [Juno] hathe alymented and noryshed her from the owre of hyr birthe.

1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xxi. 197 The substance..of the food or meat is converted, and turned into the substance of the thing fed by it and alimented.

1680 W. Lawrence Marriage by Morall Law of God i. vii. 132 The Mother ought to aliment them with the Milks of her Breasts.

1778 Marquis de Lafayette Let. 25 Apr. in G. Washington Papers (2004) Revolutionary War Ser. XIV. 628 I question if we could easely clothe and Aliment them.

1833 Farmers' Reg. Dec. 429/1 A human creature may be poisoned or alimented by beef or pudding, according to the quantity of them taken into the stomach.

1891 Rev. of Rev. 15 May 453/1 A good milch cow which should aliment themselves and their families gratis.

1910 Jrnl. Mil. Service Instit. U.S. 47 156 The United States..has solved the problem of alimenting our army in the field.

1994 B. C. Borlase et al. Enteral Nutrition ii. vii. 69 Clinicians could use a dependable means to aliment critically ill patients by vein.

b. transitive. figurative. To maintain, sustain, support.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide means of support for

findc1225

sustainc1300

found1377

keep1377

maintainc1405

sustent?a1425

support1493

uphold1546

subsist1547

escota1616

fend1637

aliment1660

run1871

grub-stake1879

1660 G. Mackenzie Aretina 5 Romances..are judged to be both the fire, and faggots, wherby Lov'd flames are both kindled and alimented.

1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. ii. vi. 380 There is a hazard of alimenting the feuds.

1788 J. Bondfield Let. 7 Mar. in T. Jefferson Papers (1955) XII. 649 Her West Indies are inexhaustable resources, they Aliment a Navigation the most profitable known.

1789 T. Jefferson Let. 27 Aug. in Writings (1859) III. 95 They will furnish him money liberally to aliment a civil war.

1817 Edinb. Rev. Mar. 23 Another system, which aliments the vices of the poor.

1842 T. Chalmers Lect. Rom. I. 42 Not fitted to aliment the faith and the holiness.

1932 A. Nin Let. 4 Aug. in A. Nin & H. Miller Literate Passion (1989) 92 I want to get you outside of all mediocrity. Clichy, flatness, drabness, everything which doesn't aliment you.

1954 Q. Wright Probl. Stability & Progress in Internat. Relations viii. 132 There is a historic feud between them that has been periodically alimented by war and new injuries.

2005 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 24 Jan. Bloggers were pivotal in toppling Trent Lott and alimenting Howard Dean's campaign.

2. transitive. Scots Law. To make provision for the maintenance of (a person); to provide for. Also: to provide with a pension. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > support by payment [verb (transitive)] > grant pension to

pension1598

aliment1629

superannuate1856

out-pension1893

1629 Marriage Contract in 2nd Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1871) 168/2 To educate and aliment them according to their rank.

1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. i. viii. 83 The like, though the Mother was Married, Alimenting her Daughter, who was appearand Heir to her Father.

1743 Scots Mag. Mar. 122/1 The rectified scheme does not lay mothers under any obligation..to share their annuities with their children, or to aliment and educate them.

1792 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. II. xxxiii. 395 It is, at present, in contemplation to aliment the poor with a weekly allowance of meal, instead of money, which may more effectually ensure a subsistence.

1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) V. 320 They would have alimented the honest man decently among them for a lay figure.

1861 R. Phillimore Comm. Internat. Law IV. xx. 316 To compel an English mother to aliment a child born in Scotland.

1910 A. H. Putney Foreign Laws ii. 68 The husband is bound to aliment the wife, while she lives with him, and while she lives apart.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	aliment
释义	alimentn. Brit. /ˈalᵻm(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈæləmənt/ Forms: α. 1500s alimente, 1500s alyment, 1500s alymente, 1500s– aliment. β. also Scottish pre-1700 aliament, pre-1700 alliament. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French aliment; Latin alimentum. Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French aliment physical nourishment, sustenance (late 14th cent.; earlier in figurative use (late 12th cent. in Old French)), any of the necessities of life (1603), (in plural, as a legal term) means of subsistence (1690), or its etymon (ii) classical Latin alimentum (singular or plural) food, provisions, (plural) sustenance, maintenance < alere to feed, nourish, to support, maintain ( < the same Indo-European base as old adj.) + -mentum -ment suffix. Compare aliment v. 1. a. That which nourishes the body of an animal or plant; nutriment; food. Also (as a count noun): a food; a nutritious or edible substance; a nutrient. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > [noun] > sustenance or nourishment foodOE fosterc1000 fodnethOE flittinga1225 livenotha1225 nourishingc1300 sustenancec1300 livelihoodc1325 nurture1340 fosteringc1386 livingc1405 nouriturea1425 nutriment?a1425 nutrition?a1425 lifehood1440 reliefa1450 nourishmentc1450 nurshingc1450 sustentationc1450 nutrimentc1485 alimenta1500 sustainmenta1500 bielda1522 creature1540 suck1584 mantiniment1588 fosterment1593 the three M's1938 a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) l. 2194 Liquours conveith alle Alimente & fode To euery parte of mannys bodie. 1585 W. Bayley Disc. Mithridatium sig. D.3^v The stomacke in good order desireth and digesteth alimentes. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ggg1 In the body there are three degrees of that we receiue into it: Aliment Medicine and Poyson. View more context for this quotation 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 378 Poysons may meet with tempers whereto they may become Aliments . View more context for this quotation 1682 N. Grew Idea Philos. Hist. Plants 3 in Anat. Plants The Aliment by which a Plant is fed. 1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. I. i. 120 Fluid Aliments, such as Broths and Soops. 1772 W. Cullen Inst. Med. iv. §202 Animals are determined to take in aliment by the appetites of hunger and thirst. 1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 599 A mild vegetable aliment, where aliment can be taken without inducing sickness, or exciting vomiting. 1826 C. Lamb in New Monthly Mag. 16 263 The aliment of this poor babe was thin, unnourishing. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals iv. 204 A mouth and gullet..admit aliment to the digestive sac. 1931 Times 4 Apr. 11/5 It would be much to the advantage not only of Brazil..that we should considerably increase our consumption of that aromatic aliment [sc. coffee]. 1994 W. R. Newman Gehennical Fire ii. 87 Worsley thought that saltpeter was the natural aliment of plants and that it could therefore be used as a fertilizer, by steeping seeds in a solution thereof. 2001 Guardian 21 Dec. ii. 18/1 Normally packed to the gunnels, La Lawson's larder was, Yuletidely, overflowing with delicious delicacies, ambrosial aliment and scrumptious scoff. b. figurative. Something which supports or sustains; a source of sustenance. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation in being or maintenance > that which foodOE breadc1175 sustainera1325 sustenance?a1430 maintainer1551 sustain1567 aliment?1608 alimony1626 ?1608 S. Lennard tr. P. Charron Of Wisdome i. xxxix. 142 He neuer ceaseth searching and seeking with great study, the causes and aliments of misery. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1956) VIII. 101 The world is one Body, and Mariage the Aliment. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. ix. sig. Dd8 The means of Grace..are Piety's..true and improving Aliments. 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxxi. 245 Mischief, Love, and contradiction, are the natural Aliments of a Woman. 1796 C. Burney Mem. Life Metastasio II. 389 Tasting the first aliments of scientific cognition. 1845 Monitor (Honolulu) 22 Aug. 31/1 Those whose mental aliment is fiction, live in a fictitious, unreal world. 1872 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. iv. 143 Vice is not a necessary aliment, it is not even a necessary foil to virtue. 1916 Machinists' Monthly Jrnl. Apr. 351/2 ‘Tell her a story!’ Why, that is the very aliment which her opening mind seizes with the greatest eagerness. 2010 N. C. Gual in N. B. Ramos Flaming Embers 323 The Caribbean appears as the perfect aliment for the mind and the senses. 2. Chiefly Scots Law. Provision for the maintenance of a person; an allowance or pension. Cf. alimony n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > allowance allocate1438 allowance1440 liveringa1500 lowing1533 allocation1535 aliment1563 allowment1646 allowance money1700 appointmenta1715 1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse f. 72 A new oblation the whiche the Churche receauing from the Apostles vniuersalie offreth to God, that giueth to vs our Alimentes and sustenence. 1636 J. Trussell Contin. Coll. Hist. Eng. 80 Hee founded at Southwicke..a Chauntry with sufficient aliment, and all other necessaries for five Priests for ever. 1641 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 2 Jan. (1855) 167 Allowing to the said Margaret, for hir and hir childrene thair aliment and mantenance..aught hundred merks. 1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. i. iv. 34 The Aliment, or Furnishing of the Wife, is a Debt of her Husbands. 1714 W. Forbes Jrnl. Session 1705–13 196 Here no Necessity gave Rise to the Aliment, but the Alimenter's free Desire to have his Nephew in his own Family. 1780 J. Howard State Prisons Eng. & Wales (ed. 2) 6 The expense of sueing for the aliment. 1865 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia VI. xx. ix. 229 He had some pension or aliment from the Austrian Court. 1881 Fifeshire Jrnl. 15 Jan. 5/5 Inspector of Poor sued James Baxter for the board of his father in the Poorhouse..Decree was given for aliment at the rate of 2s. 6d. a week. 1909 Daily Chron. 12 July 5/2 His lordship granted a decree, the petitioner to have the custody of the girl of the marriage and £20 aliment, and the respondent to have the custody of the boy. 1980 Daily Tel. 18 Oct. 10/6 He gave judgment in favour of the mother..and increased her daughter's aliment to £6 a week. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). alimentv. Brit. /ˈalᵻm(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈæləm(ə)nt/ Forms: late Middle English alyment, 1600s– aliment. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French alimenter. Etymology: < French alimenter to nourish, to maintain, sustain (both 14th cent.) < post-classical Latin alimentare to nourish, feed (4th cent.), to maintain, support (14th cent.) < classical Latin alimentum aliment n. Compare aliment n. 1. a. transitive. To supply with food; to feed, nourish. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > feed or nourish [verb (transitive)] afeedeOE foddereOE feedc950 fosterc1175 fooda1225 nourishc1300 nurshc1325 nourishc1384 abechea1393 relievec1425 norrya1450 nurturea1450 pasturec1450 foisonc1485 bield1488 aliment1490 repast1494 nutrifya1500 repatera1522 battle1548 forage1552 nurse1591 substantiate1592 refeed1615 alumnate1656 focillate1656 1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos xxix. sig. H.iiij [Juno] hathe alymented and noryshed her from the owre of hyr birthe. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xxi. 197 The substance..of the food or meat is converted, and turned into the substance of the thing fed by it and alimented. 1680 W. Lawrence Marriage by Morall Law of God i. vii. 132 The Mother ought to aliment them with the Milks of her Breasts. 1778 Marquis de Lafayette Let. 25 Apr. in G. Washington Papers (2004) Revolutionary War Ser. XIV. 628 I question if we could easely clothe and Aliment them. 1833 Farmers' Reg. Dec. 429/1 A human creature may be poisoned or alimented by beef or pudding, according to the quantity of them taken into the stomach. 1891 Rev. of Rev. 15 May 453/1 A good milch cow which should aliment themselves and their families gratis. 1910 Jrnl. Mil. Service Instit. U.S. 47 156 The United States..has solved the problem of alimenting our army in the field. 1994 B. C. Borlase et al. Enteral Nutrition ii. vii. 69 Clinicians could use a dependable means to aliment critically ill patients by vein. b. transitive. figurative. To maintain, sustain, support. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide means of support for findc1225 sustainc1300 found1377 keep1377 maintainc1405 sustent?a1425 support1493 uphold1546 subsist1547 escota1616 fend1637 aliment1660 run1871 grub-stake1879 1660 G. Mackenzie Aretina 5 Romances..are judged to be both the fire, and faggots, wherby Lov'd flames are both kindled and alimented. 1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. ii. vi. 380 There is a hazard of alimenting the feuds. 1788 J. Bondfield Let. 7 Mar. in T. Jefferson Papers (1955) XII. 649 Her West Indies are inexhaustable resources, they Aliment a Navigation the most profitable known. 1789 T. Jefferson Let. 27 Aug. in Writings (1859) III. 95 They will furnish him money liberally to aliment a civil war. 1817 Edinb. Rev. Mar. 23 Another system, which aliments the vices of the poor. 1842 T. Chalmers Lect. Rom. I. 42 Not fitted to aliment the faith and the holiness. 1932 A. Nin Let. 4 Aug. in A. Nin & H. Miller Literate Passion (1989) 92 I want to get you outside of all mediocrity. Clichy, flatness, drabness, everything which doesn't aliment you. 1954 Q. Wright Probl. Stability & Progress in Internat. Relations viii. 132 There is a historic feud between them that has been periodically alimented by war and new injuries. 2005 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 24 Jan. Bloggers were pivotal in toppling Trent Lott and alimenting Howard Dean's campaign. 2. transitive. Scots Law. To make provision for the maintenance of (a person); to provide for. Also: to provide with a pension. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > support by payment [verb (transitive)] > grant pension to pension1598 aliment1629 superannuate1856 out-pension1893 1629 Marriage Contract in 2nd Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1871) 168/2 To educate and aliment them according to their rank. 1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. i. viii. 83 The like, though the Mother was Married, Alimenting her Daughter, who was appearand Heir to her Father. 1743 Scots Mag. Mar. 122/1 The rectified scheme does not lay mothers under any obligation..to share their annuities with their children, or to aliment and educate them. 1792 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. II. xxxiii. 395 It is, at present, in contemplation to aliment the poor with a weekly allowance of meal, instead of money, which may more effectually ensure a subsistence. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) V. 320 They would have alimented the honest man decently among them for a lay figure. 1861 R. Phillimore Comm. Internat. Law IV. xx. 316 To compel an English mother to aliment a child born in Scotland. 1910 A. H. Putney Foreign Laws ii. 68 The husband is bound to aliment the wife, while she lives with him, and while she lives apart. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1500v.1490
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