单词 | counterpoint |
释义 | counterpointn.1 I. Music. 1. The melody added as accompaniment to a given melody or ‘plain-song’. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [noun] > part in harmony or counterpoint > other parts counter-notec1380 organa1382 pricksong1495 counterpoint1530 cant organ?1553 diapason1594 counter-tune1605 contrapart1660 counterpart1706 free part1782 organum1782 sub-bass1839 counter-melody1931 countersubject1947 infra-bass1958 voice1967 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 208/2 Conterpoynt, contrepoynt. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 31 The lyntquhit sang cuntirpoint quhen the osȝil ȝelpit. 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote III. xxviii. 197 To your braying Music, what counterpoint Could you expect but bat blows? 1717 L. Howel Desiderius (ed. 3) 176 By the second and third, which are Humility and Patience, you will perform Contrapoint; for Humility and Patience are contrary to Man's Will. 1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 306 A rainy wind from 'twixt the trees arose, And sang a mournful counterpoint to those. 1880 Ouseley in G. Grove Dict. Music I. 407 It is usual to take some fragment of an old chant or chorale as the ‘canto fermo’ or plain-chant, to which other parts or melodies are added as accompaniments..This is called ‘adding a counterpoint to a given subject’. 2. a. The art of adding one or more melodies as accompaniment to a given melody or ‘plain-song’ according to certain fixed rules; the style of composition in which melodies are thus combined. double counterpoint: counterpoint in which the melodies are so constructed as to admit of being placed in any order above or below one another. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [noun] > counterpoint counterpoint1597 contrapunct1694 polyphony1790 polyphonism1864 triple counterpoint1869 polyphone1875 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 71 The first waie wherein we shew the vse of the cordes, is called Counterpoint: that is, when to a note of the plainsong, there goeth but one note of descant. 1655 Campion's Art of composing Musick in Parts in J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick ii. 2 Counterpoint..was the old maner of composing parts together, by setting points or prickes one against another. 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music v. §9. 67 Counterpoint, or an artificial Composition in various Parts, was altogether unknown. 1880 Ouseley in G. Grove Dict. Music I. 408 Plain counterpoint is generally divided into five species. The first is called ‘note against note’..The second species is called ‘two notes to one’..The third species is called ‘four notes to one’..The fourth is called ‘syncopated counterpoint’..The fifth species is called ‘florid counterpoint’. b. transferred. The combination of two types of rhythm in a line of verse. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [noun] > combining two rhythms counterpointc1873 counterpointingc1873 c1873–4 G. M. Hopkins Note-bks. & Papers (1937) 238 When the caesura is fixed by rule we have rhythmic counterpoint. By counterpoint I mean the carrying on of two figures at once, especially if they are alike in kind but very unlike or opposite in species. 1878 G. M. Hopkins Let. 5 Oct. (1935) 15 I have written..in the ordinary scanning counterpointed (this is counterpoint: ‘Hóme to his móther's hoúse prívate retúrned’..); others, one or two, in common counterpointed rhythm. 1942 T. S. Eliot Mus. Poetry 12 Part of the pleasure in the poetry arose from the presence in it of two metrical schemes in a kind of counterpoint. II. general. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > [noun] > contradictory point elencha1529 counterpoint1565 destructory1621 destructive1640 the reverse of the medalc1660 elenchus1663 backfall1838 1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare iii. 205 Here M. Hardinge by countrepointes..compareth the state of the Primitiue Churche, and his Churche of Rome togeather. a1626 L. Andrewes Serm. (1856) I. 158 Which two counterpoints make in shew a conflict or contradiction between the Prophet and the Evangelist. 4. The opposite point; †the exact opposite, antithesis. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > the opposite of something contraryc1386 reversec1405 the contraverse1480 nothing less?1520 contrariety1532 negative1532 oppositive1561 different1571 diameter1579 contrariwise1588 opposition1594 counterpoint1599 oppositea1616 other thing1628 antipodes1641 inverse1645 contra1648 contrast1754 converse1786 contrariant1848 antipole1856 obverse1862 antithetic1863 contradictory1874 antipathy- the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > the opposite point halfa885 part1485 counterpoint1599 ranverse1675 counterposition1861 contrapositive1870 countertype1880 antitype1926 the world > space > relative position > opposite position > [noun] > that which or one who is opposite in position > opposite point oppositec1385 counterpoint1599 overthwart1674 1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 167 Who affecting in them selves and followers a certeine Angelicall purity, fell sodainely to the very counterpoinct of justifying bestiality. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 834 The portall..standing in counterpoint with the third gate aboue mentioned. 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus iii. i. 127 My ambition is the counter-poynt . View more context for this quotation 1875 Ld. Tennyson Queen Mary iii. vi. 176 Should her love..Veer to the counterpoint. Derivatives ˈcounterpointist n. a contrapuntist. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > study or science of music > music scholar > [noun] > counterpoint contrapuntist1776 counterpointist1826 polyphonist1864 1826 M. Kelly Reminisc. I. 225 I compare a good melodist to a fine racer, and counterpointists to hack post horses. ˈcounterpointless adj. lacking counterpoint. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adjective] > counterpoint > lacking counterpoint counterpointless1887 1887 E. Gurney Tertium Quid II. 30 Figureless counterpointless see-sawings. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † counterpointn.2 Obsolete. A quilted cover for a bed; a counterpane n.1 ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > bedclothes > [noun] > outer cover coverture?c1225 chalon1301 coverlet1382 coverlida1400 quiltpointc1400 pane1405 counterpointa1475 liggera1483 happing1503 counterpane1626 palampore1676 spread1750 duvet1759 mata1894 suggan1907 eiderdown1950 1423 Schedule, 1 Hen. VI Add. MS. 4603 f. 170 Item le testour..Item le Counterpoint du dit lit.] a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 455 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 314 Þo counturpynt he lays on beddys fete. 1524 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 186 My best fetherbed and oon cowntter poynte of tapstre worke. 1588 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1861) III. 13 A feather bedd a bolster and a counter~poynte of tapistree. 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote IV. xxix. 223 Hid with the sheets and counterpoint. 1694 London Gaz. No. 2949/4 Stolen..Curtains and Counterpoint of a Bed, of Indian Damask. Compounds counterpoint-maker n. ΚΠ 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Contrepointerie, the shop of a Quilter, or Counterpoint-maker. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † counterpointv.1 Obsolete. rare. Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. To quilt by stitching together two pieces of cloth with an intervening layer of padding. ΚΠ 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Imbottire, to stuffe, to quilt, to bumbase or counterpoint. 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. at Contrapuntear To counterpoint. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2021). counterpointv.2 1. intransitive. To compose or play musical counterpoint. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > compose music [verb (intransitive)] > specific type of music madrigal1593 counterpoint1875 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > perform specific type of music serenade1671 prelude1680 fugue1783 pastoralize1828 preludize1829 symphonize1833 ran-tan1866 counterpoint1875 rag1896 ragtime1908 jazz1916 rock1931 jivec1938 bop1947 blow1949 rock-and-roll1956 skiffle1957 hip-hop1983 1875 H. Parry in C. L. Graves H. Parry I. iv. 155 Counterpointing, practising and collecting and setting microscopic specimens. 2. transitive. To write or add a counterpoint to. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > harmonize [verb (transitive)] > add counterpoint to descanta1450 counterpoint1877 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > put into rhythm [verb (transitive)] > add another rhythm to counterpoint1877 1877 G. M. Hopkins Let. 21 Aug. (1935) 45 Milton keeps up a fiction of counterpointing the heard rhythm..upon a standard rhythm which is never heard but only counted. 1894 G. Du Maurier Trilby I. i. 41 They..fugued and canoned and counterpointed [that simple melody]. 1965 Listener 4 Nov. 733/2 The orchestra..counterpoints the vocal part. 3. To set in contrast; to emphasize a contrast between (two things) by juxtaposition; also with against. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > be contrary to [verb (transitive)] > set in opposition to set off1598 to show offa1616 contrapose1617 counterpose1657 counterpoint1940 1940 Scrutiny 9 242 Arruntius's belief and unbelief and Sejanus's unbelief and belief are, so to speak, counterpointed. 1959 Encounter July 52/2 Counterpointed against Betty's stolid decency is the frenetic nihilism of his editor. Derivatives ˈcounterpointed adj. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [adjective] > contrasting or having force of contrast antiperistatic1601 contrastive1816 counterpointed1877 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [adjective] > containing more than one rhythm counterpointed1877 polyrhythmical1898 1877 G. M. Hopkins Let. 21 Aug. (1935) 45 Counterpointed verse..supposes a well-known and unmistakeable or unforgetable [sic] standard rhythm. 1962 Listener 4 Oct. 531/2 Joyce's interest in the counterpointed meaning of language and music. ˈcounterpointing n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > action of contrasting counterpointingc1873 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [noun] > combining two rhythms counterpointc1873 counterpointingc1873 c1873–4 G. M. Hopkins Note-bks. & Papers (1937) 236 The counterpointing upon an eight- or nine-syllabled four-beat iambic line of a rhythm of six beats in two parts. 1941 L. MacNeice Poetry of Yeats viii. 180 His [sc. Yeats's] very subtle rhythmical ‘counterpointing’, as Gerard Manley Hopkins would have called it, was more congenial to us than Hopkins's own ‘sprung rhythm’. 1959 Listener 29 Jan. 204/2 The verse letters represent a remarkable counterpointing of the formal and the colloquial. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.11530n.2a1475v.11598v.2c1873 |
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