protestationn.

Brit.

/ˌprɒtᵻˈsteɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌprɑdəˈsteɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: Middle English prodestacione, Middle English prodestacioun, Middle English protestacioun, Middle English protestacioune, Middle English protestacyon, Middle English 1600s protestacon, Middle English–1500s protestacion, Middle English– protestation; Scottish pre-1700 prodestation, pre-1700 protestacion, pre-1700 protestacione, pre-1700 protestacioun, pre-1700 protestacioune, pre-1700 protestacon, pre-1700 protestatione, pre-1700 protestatioun, pre-1700 protestatioune, pre-1700 protestatyowne, pre-1700 protextacione, pre-1700 protistation, pre-1700 1700s– protestation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French protestation; Latin protestation-, protestatio.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman protestacioun, protestacione, prodestacion, Anglo-Norman and Middle French protestation, protestacion (French protestation ) solemn declaration (c1230 in Old French), (in law) opposition to a demand, etc. (1283 in Old French), formal declaration of opposition (1304 in Anglo-Norman), written declaration of opposition (1479 in an apparently isolated example; subsequently from 1790) and its etymon post-classical Latin protestation-, protestatio solemn declaration, affirmation (Vetus Latina), protest (early 5th cent. in Augustine), protestation in legal pleading (1224, 15th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin prōtestāt- , past participial stem of prōtestārī protest v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Catalan protestació (14th cent.), Spanish protestación (13th cent as protestatión), Portuguese protestação (1320), Italian protestazione (a1348); also Middle Dutch protestacie (Dutch protestatie), Middle Low German prōtēstātie, German Protestation (1332, now archaic and rare).

1. A formal, solemn, or emphatic affirmation of a fact, opinion, or resolution; a (public) declaration, typically made in response to an explicit accusation or an implied doubt.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > an assertion, affirmation, or positive declaration

protestationc1390

affirmationa1425

affirmativec1450

edipolc1450

protestc1460

assertion1531

asseveration1551

narration1554

asseverance1574

protesting1582

pol1600

vouch1610

vouchee1625

averment1659

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > [noun] > instance of

conditionc1380

protestationc1390

butc1405

restrictiona1450

limitationc1475

if1532

conditionary1678

reservation1719

whereas1795

yes but1870

string1888

c1390 G. Chaucer Miller's Tale 3137 First I make a protestacioun That I am dronke, I knowe it by my soun.

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 9593 I make here a protestacion, Þat I wil stand til þe correccion Of ilka rightwyse lered man.

a1500 ( Chron. H. Knighton (1895) II. 172 (MED) I make þis protestation þat I never þouȝt ne tauȝt ne prechide that proposition.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. GG With a meke protestacion deny it, and clere your selfe.

1559 Declar. Doctrine in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) I. viii. 116 Although in our last protestation made before the honourable auditory at Westminster, we sufficiently set forth in few words the sum of our faith.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. iv. 126 I know they are stuft with protestations, And full of new-found oathes, which he will breake As easily as I doe teare his paper.

1661 A. Cowley Vision Cromwell 37 If there had been any faith in mens vows and protestations.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 93 A short Protestation..in which all men should..disclaim and renounce the having any Intelligence, or holding any Correspondence with the Rebels.

1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 437 They entered into a solemn Protestation to stand by each other with their lives and fortunes.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. iii. 66 The homage of flattery was insensibly converted into an annual and solemn protestation of fidelity.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxviii. 274 Many protestations of friendship, and expressions anticipative of the pleasure which must inevitably flow from so happy an acquaintance.

1869 Spectator 24 July 863 In a case where this sort of protestation of innocence..appeals to the passions of the people.

1908 E. M. Forster Room with View xv. 246 There came from his lips no wordy protestation such as formal lovers use.

1963 D. Athill Instead of Let. x. 120 I did not believe as firmly as he did in his protestations of absolute fidelity.

2003 Scots Mag. Feb. 186/2 Start cutting the overall price with great protestations of a sincere desire to give the audience..a once-in-a-lifetime bargain.

2. Scots Law.

a. A condition or reservation put forward to protect the rights or interests of a party in a lawsuit; a demand or petition that such a reservation be recognized or admitted. Now rare. protestation for remedy (of (also in) law): an appeal that one's right to legal redress be recognized; spec. an appeal from a decision of the Court of Session to the Scots Parliament (historical in later use). Cf. to protest for remedy of law at protest v. 1a.

ΚΠ

1398 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 212/1 As it may cum to thair parte with protestacions vnderwrytin [etc.].

1428 in C. Innes Liber Sancte Marie de Melros (1837) 521 Ay makand thair protestation yf ony evidentis come efter at mycht mak thaim mar knawleg at thai walde referr thaim therto.

1532 in J. M. Webster & A. A. M. Duncan Regality of Dunfermline Court Bk. (1953) 61 Master Abraam protestit at the notis, instrumenttis and protestationes tayne be the saidis Robert [etc.],..becaus thair is nocht sic lyk tayne in the scribis handis.

1602 ( D. Lindsay Satyre (Charteris) 665 in Wks. (1931) II. 83 Maisters I speik be protestatioun In dreid ȝe tak me wrang.

1661 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. (1828) I. 185 Such a protestation for remeed, against..a particular grievance..is [etc.].

1712 Decisions Lords of Council & Session 128 On the 6th of January 1702..the tutor of Montboddo gave in a protestation for remedy of law to the parliament, and too instruments on his appeal.

1763 in Garden Hist. (1976) 4 82 Made and given up by Elizabeth Gilmuir..under protestation that her taking the office of Executrix..might not prejudge her of the claim competent to her by her contract of marriage which protestations the Commissioners of Edinburgh have admitted.

1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. II. 24 The most important points..were liable to be reviewed..by the Scottish Parliament, upon an appeal by the party injured, or, as it was technically termed, ‘a protestation for remeid in law’.

1901 Times 3 July 5/6 They withdraw, in compliance with the canons of the Church, but enter a protestation ‘saving to themselves and their successors all such rights in judicature as they have by law and by right ought to have’.

b. The procedure open to a defendant whereby an action that has been raised against him or her, but not pursued, must be proceeded with or fail.

ΚΠ

1571 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 92 Thay will proceid and minster justice alsweill be geving of protestationis and decretis.

1633 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 9 Act anent Expences in Protestations.

1739 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1790) 325 The Lords rebuked Thomas Butter, keeper of the minute book, for keeping up a protestation after the same had been read in the minute book.

1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. (at cited word) Where a pursuer, advocator or suspender, after having raised an action, fails to insist in it, his opponent, by means of protestation, may compel him either to proceed or to suffer the action to fall... [This] is done by delivering to one of the Outer-house clerks, a note for insertion in the minute-book of the Court of Session... This note..is called a protestation.

1931 Encycl. Laws Scotl. XI. 557 A pursuer may be reponed against a protestation for not calling at any time not later than ten days after it has been given out for extract.

1980 D. Maxwell Pract. Court of Session vii. iv. 183 If the pursuer does not lodge his summons for calling within the prescribed period, the defender may proceed by way of protestation, which is the judicial act by which a person who has been summoned to appear as a defender in a cause compels the pursuer either to proceed with his action or to end it.

3. Law. In pleading: an affirmation or denial by a pleader of the truth of an allegation which cannot be directly affirmed or denied without duplicating the plea, and which cannot be passed over in case it should be held to have been tacitly waived or admitted; also as a mass noun. See also by protestation at Phrases 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > [noun] > a pleading or plea > affirmation or denial in form of protest

protestation?1435

?1435 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 60 (MED) And affterwarde kome the Erle off Salysbury and prayed that he myht have his protestacion entred ayens the Lorde Morle.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 124 b Protestation..is an exclusion of a conclusion that a party to an action may by pleading incurre, or it is a safegard to the party which keepeth him from being concluded by the plea he is to make, if the issue be found for him.

1797 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. (at cited word) The use of a Protestation in pleading seems to be this, viz. When one party alleges or pleads several matters, and the other party can only offer, or take issue on one of them, he protests against the others.

1806 G. Hutcheson Treat. Offices Justice of Peace I. i. vi. 248 Wheras if protestation had been entered by the adverse party, he might have brought others then alive in support of his allegation.

1882 C. Sweet Dict. Eng. Law 654 Protestation was a formula once used in pleadings at common law when a party wished to prevent an admission of a fact by him in one action from being afterwards used against him in another action as an estoppel or conclusion of the truth of the fact. The necessity of protestation was abolished in 1834.

4. = protest n. 4b. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > expression or statement of dissent

Not content1621

protestation1624

protest1712

1624 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 2 Therefore the Lords, spiritual and temporal, in the higher House of Parliament, now assembled, do hereby declare and pronounce, and cause this protestation to be entered on record, in the rolls of this Parliament.

1641 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 6 [The first formal protest with Reasons in the Journals of the House] We whose names are underwritten did disassent, and having, before the putting of the question, demanded our right of protestation, did accordingly make our protestation: That [etc.].

1700 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 139 We cannot but enter this our protestation against a second reading of this Bill.

1722 Jrnls. Ho. Lords 22 73/1 The restraining the Assertions, used in Protestations, to the Apprehension or Opinion of the Lords protesting.

2005 Standing Orders House of Lords 22 Such Lords..shall enter and sign their protestation or dissents in the Clerk's book not later than the next sitting day.

5. A declaration of objection or dissent; a remonstrance, a complaint; = protest n. 4a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] > a protest

gaincalla1300

reclaim1440

remonstrance?1566

counterblast1567

testimony1582

deprecation1626

protestation1638

regret1642

protest1644

representation1659

crusade1786

1638 R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) I. 50 Hoome and Lindesay stood in the crosse with the Lyon herauld, and made a protestation.

1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 194 After a thousand Complaints, Dissertations, Protestations against their Errors.

1661 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 391 Mr. Brent desir'd them..to read a paper..containing a protestation in the name of all the fellowes, under a public notarie's hand, against the admission of Sir Thomas Clayton to the wardenship of Merton coll.

1793 Acct. Proc. Univ. Cambr. against W. Frend 194 I Robert Tyrwhitt, a non-regent master of arts, do, within ten days, make this open and legal protestation against the said grace.

1803 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 7 Spain had entered into a protestation against our ratification of the treaty.

1849 C. Stovel Canne's Necessitie of Separation Introd. p. xxxiii Its burning fetters have provoked..protestation, resistance, dissent, in various forms, civil and sacred.

1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey i. i. 1 Sceptical..of all political protestations and pronouncements.

1990 Ess. in Crit. 40 195 The concept of the ‘literary’ has been in use for centuries & continues to be so, despite the recent protestations of theorists.

Phrases

P1. under protestation = under protest at protest n. Phrases.In early use also †by protestation, †with protestation (obsolete); see sense 2a.

ΚΠ

1425 Rolls of Parl. VI. 267/2 Yat he myghte speke under protestation, to yat ende.

1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 1490 I will..Telle ȝou now, vndir þis protestacioun, That I take upon me here no diuinacyoun As for to determyn who þis men schul hem clothe.

1576 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 577 Under protestatioun that thay na wayis grant the narrative..to be of veritie.

1586 in Juridical Rev. (1892) 4 296 Under protestation that it sall not be prejudiciall to their privileges.

1602 D. Lindsay Satyre 9 I speik Sir vnder protestatioun, That nane at me haif indignatioun.

1692 M. Howard in Duke of Norfolk's Charge & Dutchesses Answer 13 I Mary, Dutchess of Norfolk, under Protestation, that the pretendid Charge of Adultery against me in the Honourable House of Peers, was and is generally Insufficient, [etc.].

1740 Ars Notariatus ii. 259 Where People are compelled..to pay Debts they think not just or not due, there is no Remedy but to pay under Protestation.

1776 J. Yair Acct. Sc. Trade in Netherlands 281 [Mr. Gordon] had the precaution to take his seat amongst them, under protestation, that this should not infringe his privileges, as a minister of the church of Scotland.

1824 W. Scott Ronan's Well II. iii. 56 All was done under protestation, that the matter in question was the most indifferent thing to him in the world.

1883 E. MacColl Eng. Poet. Wks. 74 A kiss—One which, of course, she'd sooner die Than give, yet giveth, ne'ertheless, Though under protestation grave 'T would be the last from her I'd have!

1904 Manitoba Morning Free Press 8 July In view of the fact that the work was being done under protestation, provincial Inspector Rogers..was instructed to make an inspection.

1948 Galveston (Texas) News 27 Nov. 4/5 Oscar Lange..represents Poland in the United Nations under protestation that he is doing so in an effort to act as a bridge between the United States and Russia.

2005 Guardian (Nexis) 26 Sept. (Sport section) 7 We had seen two villains exit stage right, led away, under protestation, by three burly security men.

†P2. by protestation: by way of or in the form of a protestation. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1470 in Cal. Proc. Chancery Queen Elizabeth (1830) II. p. lv (MED) Thomas seith, by protestacion, that the mater contened in the seid bill is insufficient to put hym to answer therto.

1551 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 57 And he beyng thereof so seysed dyed of such estate thereof by protestacion seysed.

1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 162 b/2 Protestation is a sauinge to the partie (that so pleadeth by protestation) to bee concluded by any matter alledged or obiected against him, vpon which he cannot ioin issu.

1689 R. Atkyns Enq. Power Dispensing with Penal Statutes 2 The Plaintiff taking it by Protestation, that the Defendant within three Months next after his Admission into the said Office of Colonel, did not receive the Sacrament in Manner as the Act directs.

Compounds

General attributive, as protestation meeting, protestation money, etc.

ΚΠ

1589 J. Lyly Pappe with Hatchet sig. D4^v I drew neere the sillie soule, whom I found quiuering in two sheetes of protestation paper [alluding to the Marprelate tract ‘The Protestation’].

1650 Act 29 Jan. in Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 31 For the former Protestation Silver of six Pounds.

1661 Acts Sederunt (1740) I. 43 The supplication of Richard Wairde, lately Clerk of the Bills, under the Usurpers, mentioning him to have in his Hands severall Sums of Money, consigned as Protestation-Money.

1711 J. Spotiswood Form of Process i. 11 The Judge decerns the pursuer to pay fifteen pounds Scots, which is called protestation money.

1919 Fort-Wayne (Indiana) Jrnl.-Gaz. 30 July 1/7 A protestation meeting in connection with the arrest of the Bowser strikers.

1954 W. G. Hoskins Devon ix. 172 Our best information comes from the Protestant Returns of 1642, and the hearth tax returns of 1662.

2002 RIA Novosti (Nexis) 20 Mar. Protestation meeting in Chisinau.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	protestation
释义	protestationn. Brit. /ˌprɒtᵻˈsteɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌprɑdəˈsteɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: Middle English prodestacione, Middle English prodestacioun, Middle English protestacioun, Middle English protestacioune, Middle English protestacyon, Middle English 1600s protestacon, Middle English–1500s protestacion, Middle English– protestation; Scottish pre-1700 prodestation, pre-1700 protestacion, pre-1700 protestacione, pre-1700 protestacioun, pre-1700 protestacioune, pre-1700 protestacon, pre-1700 protestatione, pre-1700 protestatioun, pre-1700 protestatioune, pre-1700 protestatyowne, pre-1700 protextacione, pre-1700 protistation, pre-1700 1700s– protestation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French protestation; Latin protestation-, protestatio. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman protestacioun, protestacione, prodestacion, Anglo-Norman and Middle French protestation, protestacion (French protestation ) solemn declaration (c1230 in Old French), (in law) opposition to a demand, etc. (1283 in Old French), formal declaration of opposition (1304 in Anglo-Norman), written declaration of opposition (1479 in an apparently isolated example; subsequently from 1790) and its etymon post-classical Latin protestation-, protestatio solemn declaration, affirmation (Vetus Latina), protest (early 5th cent. in Augustine), protestation in legal pleading (1224, 15th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin prōtestāt- , past participial stem of prōtestārī protest v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Catalan protestació (14th cent.), Spanish protestación (13th cent as protestatión), Portuguese protestação (1320), Italian protestazione (a1348); also Middle Dutch protestacie (Dutch protestatie), Middle Low German prōtēstātie, German Protestation (1332, now archaic and rare). 1. A formal, solemn, or emphatic affirmation of a fact, opinion, or resolution; a (public) declaration, typically made in response to an explicit accusation or an implied doubt. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > an assertion, affirmation, or positive declaration protestationc1390 affirmationa1425 affirmativec1450 edipolc1450 protestc1460 assertion1531 asseveration1551 narration1554 asseverance1574 protesting1582 pol1600 vouch1610 vouchee1625 averment1659 the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > [noun] > instance of conditionc1380 protestationc1390 butc1405 restrictiona1450 limitationc1475 if1532 conditionary1678 reservation1719 whereas1795 yes but1870 string1888 c1390 G. Chaucer Miller's Tale 3137 First I make a protestacioun That I am dronke, I knowe it by my soun. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 9593 I make here a protestacion, Þat I wil stand til þe correccion Of ilka rightwyse lered man. a1500 ( Chron. H. Knighton (1895) II. 172 (MED) I make þis protestation þat I never þouȝt ne tauȝt ne prechide that proposition. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. GG With a meke protestacion deny it, and clere your selfe. 1559 Declar. Doctrine in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) I. viii. 116 Although in our last protestation made before the honourable auditory at Westminster, we sufficiently set forth in few words the sum of our faith. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. iv. 126 I know they are stuft with protestations, And full of new-found oathes, which he will breake As easily as I doe teare his paper. View more context for this quotation 1661 A. Cowley Vision Cromwell 37 If there had been any faith in mens vows and protestations. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 93 A short Protestation..in which all men should..disclaim and renounce the having any Intelligence, or holding any Correspondence with the Rebels. 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 437 They entered into a solemn Protestation to stand by each other with their lives and fortunes. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. iii. 66 The homage of flattery was insensibly converted into an annual and solemn protestation of fidelity. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxviii. 274 Many protestations of friendship, and expressions anticipative of the pleasure which must inevitably flow from so happy an acquaintance. 1869 Spectator 24 July 863 In a case where this sort of protestation of innocence..appeals to the passions of the people. 1908 E. M. Forster Room with View xv. 246 There came from his lips no wordy protestation such as formal lovers use. 1963 D. Athill Instead of Let. x. 120 I did not believe as firmly as he did in his protestations of absolute fidelity. 2003 Scots Mag. Feb. 186/2 Start cutting the overall price with great protestations of a sincere desire to give the audience..a once-in-a-lifetime bargain. 2. Scots Law. a. A condition or reservation put forward to protect the rights or interests of a party in a lawsuit; a demand or petition that such a reservation be recognized or admitted. Now rare. protestation for remedy (of (also in) law): an appeal that one's right to legal redress be recognized; spec. an appeal from a decision of the Court of Session to the Scots Parliament (historical in later use). Cf. to protest for remedy of law at protest v. 1a. ΚΠ 1398 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 212/1 As it may cum to thair parte with protestacions vnderwrytin [etc.]. 1428 in C. Innes Liber Sancte Marie de Melros (1837) 521 Ay makand thair protestation yf ony evidentis come efter at mycht mak thaim mar knawleg at thai walde referr thaim therto. 1532 in J. M. Webster & A. A. M. Duncan Regality of Dunfermline Court Bk. (1953) 61 Master Abraam protestit at the notis, instrumenttis and protestationes tayne be the saidis Robert [etc.],..becaus thair is nocht sic lyk tayne in the scribis handis. 1602 ( D. Lindsay Satyre (Charteris) 665 in Wks. (1931) II. 83 Maisters I speik be protestatioun In dreid ȝe tak me wrang. 1661 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. (1828) I. 185 Such a protestation for remeed, against..a particular grievance..is [etc.]. 1712 Decisions Lords of Council & Session 128 On the 6th of January 1702..the tutor of Montboddo gave in a protestation for remedy of law to the parliament, and too instruments on his appeal. 1763 in Garden Hist. (1976) 4 82 Made and given up by Elizabeth Gilmuir..under protestation that her taking the office of Executrix..might not prejudge her of the claim competent to her by her contract of marriage which protestations the Commissioners of Edinburgh have admitted. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. II. 24 The most important points..were liable to be reviewed..by the Scottish Parliament, upon an appeal by the party injured, or, as it was technically termed, ‘a protestation for remeid in law’. 1901 Times 3 July 5/6 They withdraw, in compliance with the canons of the Church, but enter a protestation ‘saving to themselves and their successors all such rights in judicature as they have by law and by right ought to have’. b. The procedure open to a defendant whereby an action that has been raised against him or her, but not pursued, must be proceeded with or fail. ΚΠ 1571 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 92 Thay will proceid and minster justice alsweill be geving of protestationis and decretis. 1633 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 9 Act anent Expences in Protestations. 1739 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1790) 325 The Lords rebuked Thomas Butter, keeper of the minute book, for keeping up a protestation after the same had been read in the minute book. 1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. (at cited word) Where a pursuer, advocator or suspender, after having raised an action, fails to insist in it, his opponent, by means of protestation, may compel him either to proceed or to suffer the action to fall... [This] is done by delivering to one of the Outer-house clerks, a note for insertion in the minute-book of the Court of Session... This note..is called a protestation. 1931 Encycl. Laws Scotl. XI. 557 A pursuer may be reponed against a protestation for not calling at any time not later than ten days after it has been given out for extract. 1980 D. Maxwell Pract. Court of Session vii. iv. 183 If the pursuer does not lodge his summons for calling within the prescribed period, the defender may proceed by way of protestation, which is the judicial act by which a person who has been summoned to appear as a defender in a cause compels the pursuer either to proceed with his action or to end it. 3. Law. In pleading: an affirmation or denial by a pleader of the truth of an allegation which cannot be directly affirmed or denied without duplicating the plea, and which cannot be passed over in case it should be held to have been tacitly waived or admitted; also as a mass noun. See also by protestation at Phrases 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > [noun] > a pleading or plea > affirmation or denial in form of protest protestation?1435 ?1435 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 60 (MED) And affterwarde kome the Erle off Salysbury and prayed that he myht have his protestacion entred ayens the Lorde Morle. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 124 b Protestation..is an exclusion of a conclusion that a party to an action may by pleading incurre, or it is a safegard to the party which keepeth him from being concluded by the plea he is to make, if the issue be found for him. 1797 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. (at cited word) The use of a Protestation in pleading seems to be this, viz. When one party alleges or pleads several matters, and the other party can only offer, or take issue on one of them, he protests against the others. 1806 G. Hutcheson Treat. Offices Justice of Peace I. i. vi. 248 Wheras if protestation had been entered by the adverse party, he might have brought others then alive in support of his allegation. 1882 C. Sweet Dict. Eng. Law 654 Protestation was a formula once used in pleadings at common law when a party wished to prevent an admission of a fact by him in one action from being afterwards used against him in another action as an estoppel or conclusion of the truth of the fact. The necessity of protestation was abolished in 1834. 4. = protest n. 4b. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > expression or statement of dissent Not content1621 protestation1624 protest1712 1624 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 2 Therefore the Lords, spiritual and temporal, in the higher House of Parliament, now assembled, do hereby declare and pronounce, and cause this protestation to be entered on record, in the rolls of this Parliament. 1641 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 6 [The first formal protest with Reasons in the Journals of the House] We whose names are underwritten did disassent, and having, before the putting of the question, demanded our right of protestation, did accordingly make our protestation: That [etc.]. 1700 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 139 We cannot but enter this our protestation against a second reading of this Bill. 1722 Jrnls. Ho. Lords 22 73/1 The restraining the Assertions, used in Protestations, to the Apprehension or Opinion of the Lords protesting. 2005 Standing Orders House of Lords 22 Such Lords..shall enter and sign their protestation or dissents in the Clerk's book not later than the next sitting day. 5. A declaration of objection or dissent; a remonstrance, a complaint; = protest n. 4a. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] > a protest gaincalla1300 reclaim1440 remonstrance?1566 counterblast1567 testimony1582 deprecation1626 protestation1638 regret1642 protest1644 representation1659 crusade1786 1638 R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) I. 50 Hoome and Lindesay stood in the crosse with the Lyon herauld, and made a protestation. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 194 After a thousand Complaints, Dissertations, Protestations against their Errors. 1661 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 391 Mr. Brent desir'd them..to read a paper..containing a protestation in the name of all the fellowes, under a public notarie's hand, against the admission of Sir Thomas Clayton to the wardenship of Merton coll. 1793 Acct. Proc. Univ. Cambr. against W. Frend 194 I Robert Tyrwhitt, a non-regent master of arts, do, within ten days, make this open and legal protestation against the said grace. 1803 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 7 Spain had entered into a protestation against our ratification of the treaty. 1849 C. Stovel Canne's Necessitie of Separation Introd. p. xxxiii Its burning fetters have provoked..protestation, resistance, dissent, in various forms, civil and sacred. 1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey i. i. 1 Sceptical..of all political protestations and pronouncements. 1990 Ess. in Crit. 40 195 The concept of the ‘literary’ has been in use for centuries & continues to be so, despite the recent protestations of theorists. Phrases P1. under protestation = under protest at protest n. Phrases.In early use also †by protestation, †with protestation (obsolete); see sense 2a. ΚΠ 1425 Rolls of Parl. VI. 267/2 Yat he myghte speke under protestation, to yat ende. 1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 1490 I will..Telle ȝou now, vndir þis protestacioun, That I take upon me here no diuinacyoun As for to determyn who þis men schul hem clothe. 1576 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 577 Under protestatioun that thay na wayis grant the narrative..to be of veritie. 1586 in Juridical Rev. (1892) 4 296 Under protestation that it sall not be prejudiciall to their privileges. 1602 D. Lindsay Satyre 9 I speik Sir vnder protestatioun, That nane at me haif indignatioun. 1692 M. Howard in Duke of Norfolk's Charge & Dutchesses Answer 13 I Mary, Dutchess of Norfolk, under Protestation, that the pretendid Charge of Adultery against me in the Honourable House of Peers, was and is generally Insufficient, [etc.]. 1740 Ars Notariatus ii. 259 Where People are compelled..to pay Debts they think not just or not due, there is no Remedy but to pay under Protestation. 1776 J. Yair Acct. Sc. Trade in Netherlands 281 [Mr. Gordon] had the precaution to take his seat amongst them, under protestation, that this should not infringe his privileges, as a minister of the church of Scotland. 1824 W. Scott Ronan's Well II. iii. 56 All was done under protestation, that the matter in question was the most indifferent thing to him in the world. 1883 E. MacColl Eng. Poet. Wks. 74 A kiss—One which, of course, she'd sooner die Than give, yet giveth, ne'ertheless, Though under protestation grave 'T would be the last from her I'd have! 1904 Manitoba Morning Free Press 8 July In view of the fact that the work was being done under protestation, provincial Inspector Rogers..was instructed to make an inspection. 1948 Galveston (Texas) News 27 Nov. 4/5 Oscar Lange..represents Poland in the United Nations under protestation that he is doing so in an effort to act as a bridge between the United States and Russia. 2005 Guardian (Nexis) 26 Sept. (Sport section) 7 We had seen two villains exit stage right, led away, under protestation, by three burly security men. †P2. by protestation: by way of or in the form of a protestation. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1470 in Cal. Proc. Chancery Queen Elizabeth (1830) II. p. lv (MED) Thomas seith, by protestacion, that the mater contened in the seid bill is insufficient to put hym to answer therto. 1551 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 57 And he beyng thereof so seysed dyed of such estate thereof by protestacion seysed. 1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 162 b/2 Protestation is a sauinge to the partie (that so pleadeth by protestation) to bee concluded by any matter alledged or obiected against him, vpon which he cannot ioin issu. 1689 R. Atkyns Enq. Power Dispensing with Penal Statutes 2 The Plaintiff taking it by Protestation, that the Defendant within three Months next after his Admission into the said Office of Colonel, did not receive the Sacrament in Manner as the Act directs. Compounds General attributive, as protestation meeting, protestation money, etc. ΚΠ 1589 J. Lyly Pappe with Hatchet sig. D4^v I drew neere the sillie soule, whom I found quiuering in two sheetes of protestation paper [alluding to the Marprelate tract ‘The Protestation’]. 1650 Act 29 Jan. in Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 31 For the former Protestation Silver of six Pounds. 1661 Acts Sederunt (1740) I. 43 The supplication of Richard Wairde, lately Clerk of the Bills, under the Usurpers, mentioning him to have in his Hands severall Sums of Money, consigned as Protestation-Money. 1711 J. Spotiswood Form of Process i. 11 The Judge decerns the pursuer to pay fifteen pounds Scots, which is called protestation money. 1919 Fort-Wayne (Indiana) Jrnl.-Gaz. 30 July 1/7 A protestation meeting in connection with the arrest of the Bowser strikers. 1954 W. G. Hoskins Devon ix. 172 Our best information comes from the Protestant Returns of 1642, and the hearth tax returns of 1662. 2002 RIA Novosti (Nexis) 20 Mar. Protestation meeting in Chisinau. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1390
随便看	i don't know what came over him i don't know what came over me i don't know what you see in etc i don't know what you see in her i don't know what you see in him i don't know what you see in it i don't know what's got into etc i don't know what's got into her i don't know what's got into him i don't know what's got into me i don't know who i don't know who all i don't later also wouldn't know about i don't mind i don't mind if i do i don't mind telling you i don't play that i don't play that shit i don't rightly know i don't say this lightly i don't suppose? i don't think i don't use that word lightly i don'wouldn't know about that i etc born ready