cretinismn.

Brit.

/ˈkrɛtᵻnɪz(ə)m/,

/ˈkrɛtn̩ɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈkritnˌɪz(ə)m/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: cretin n., -ism suffix.

Etymology: < cretin n. + -ism suffix, after German Kretinismus (1790 or earlier), perhaps itself after French crétinisme (1786). Compare slightly earlier cretinage n. at cretin n. Derivatives.

A condition of abnormal mental and physical development resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone in fetal or early life, esp. when this is caused by insufficient iodine in the diet.Cretinism was originally identified in localized areas in the Alps, and typically occurs in inland regions in conjunction with endemic goitre in the general population. It is now largely preventable by the use of iodized salt. In humans it has two forms, the neurological type, characterized by severe mental deficiency, deaf-mutism, and spasticity of the lower limbs, and the myxoedematous or hypothyroid type, characterized by less severe mental deficiency, stunting of growth, a distinctive face with wide-set eyes and thickening of the features, myxoedema, and other signs of hypothyroidism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mental deficiency > [noun] > type of

idiotry1488

idiocy1607

cretinage1790

cretinism1791

infantilism1895

mongolism1899

mental handicap1912

1791 Monthly Rev. 6 App. 573 He [sc. J. F. Ackermann] concludes, that Cretinism is no other than a high degree of the rachitis.

1801 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 5 176 Physical and moral remedies that may be employed in preventing the Wen and Cretinism.

1891 Lancet 3 Oct. 782/2 Cretinism is becoming more common in the Pyrenean and Alpine valleys.

1906 Daily Chron. 22 Sept. 6/7 A..case in which a child..suffering from cretinism, had a portion of its mother's thyroid gland transplanted into its spleen.

1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students xii. 273 A striking example is the injection of an iodine compound, extracted from sheep's thyroids, in cases of goitre and cretinism.

2018 Times (Ireland ed.) (Nexis) 23 Jan. In the bad old days, before we knew anything about micronutrients, iodine deficiency was common and devastating, leading to goitres and cretinism.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cretinism
释义	cretinismn. Brit. /ˈkrɛtᵻnɪz(ə)m/, /ˈkrɛtn̩ɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈkritnˌɪz(ə)m/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: cretin n., -ism suffix. Etymology: < cretin n. + -ism suffix, after German Kretinismus (1790 or earlier), perhaps itself after French crétinisme (1786). Compare slightly earlier cretinage n. at cretin n. Derivatives. A condition of abnormal mental and physical development resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone in fetal or early life, esp. when this is caused by insufficient iodine in the diet.Cretinism was originally identified in localized areas in the Alps, and typically occurs in inland regions in conjunction with endemic goitre in the general population. It is now largely preventable by the use of iodized salt. In humans it has two forms, the neurological type, characterized by severe mental deficiency, deaf-mutism, and spasticity of the lower limbs, and the myxoedematous or hypothyroid type, characterized by less severe mental deficiency, stunting of growth, a distinctive face with wide-set eyes and thickening of the features, myxoedema, and other signs of hypothyroidism. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mental deficiency > [noun] > type of idiotry1488 idiocy1607 cretinage1790 cretinism1791 infantilism1895 mongolism1899 mental handicap1912 1791 Monthly Rev. 6 App. 573 He [sc. J. F. Ackermann] concludes, that Cretinism is no other than a high degree of the rachitis. 1801 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 5 176 Physical and moral remedies that may be employed in preventing the Wen and Cretinism. 1891 Lancet 3 Oct. 782/2 Cretinism is becoming more common in the Pyrenean and Alpine valleys. 1906 Daily Chron. 22 Sept. 6/7 A..case in which a child..suffering from cretinism, had a portion of its mother's thyroid gland transplanted into its spleen. 1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students xii. 273 A striking example is the injection of an iodine compound, extracted from sheep's thyroids, in cases of goitre and cretinism. 2018 Times (Ireland ed.) (Nexis) 23 Jan. In the bad old days, before we knew anything about micronutrients, iodine deficiency was common and devastating, leading to goitres and cretinism. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1791
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