defacev.

/dɪˈfeɪs/

Forms: Also Middle English defaas, Middle English defface, defase, difface, 1500s dyfface.

Etymology: < obsolete French deface-r, earlier deffacer, originally desfacier, < des- , dé- (de- prefix 1f) + face face n. Compare Italian sfacciare.

a. transitive. To mar the face, features, or appearance of; to spoil or ruin the figure, form, or beauty of; to disfigure. to deface coin includes the stamping on a legally current coin of any name or words other than those impressed on it; made illegal by Act 16 & 17 Vict. c. 102.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > disfigurement > disfigure [verb (transitive)]

loathly?c1225

defacec1374

disfigurec1374

emblemishc1384

defoula1387

unhighta1387

disray1431

deform?c1450

foul?c1450

deflower1486

defeata1492

unbeauty1495

deflourisha1513

disform?1520

ungarnish1530

disfashiona1535

disfavour1535

disgrace1549

unbeautify1570

uglify1576

disbeautify1577

dishonest1581

disshape1583

disornament1593

disadorn1598

undeck1598

disvisage1603

unfair1609

untrim1609

debellish1610

disfair1628

discomplexion1640

devenustate1653

disfeature1659

monkeyfy1707

ugly1740

defeature1792

dedecorate1804

scarecrow1853

nastify1873

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 915 And clepe A-yen þe beute of your face, That ye with salte Teeris so deface.

1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy iii. xxvii But in her rage to the kinge she ran..So diffaced and rewefull of her sight That by her hewe knoweth her no wyht.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. x. f. 48 The hole woorke..defaced with blottes and interlynynge.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 4 One yron Mole defaceth the whole peece of lawne.

?1661 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 7 Lucas..cut downe all the trees about the Castle, which utterly defaced the seat.

1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Oct. (1965) I. 279 There are some few heads of Ancient Statues, but several of them defac'd by modern Additions.

1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 369 A deed..is..cancelled by tearing off the seals, or otherwise defacing it.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 160 Fine works of art and curious remains of antiquity, were brutally defaced.

b. figurative (of things immaterial).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)]

defacec1325

spill1377

rust1493

vitiate1534

abastard1573

invitiate1598

vilify1615

demoralize1794

c1325 Deo Gratias 70 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 126 Þi vertues let no fulþe defaas.

c1450 Crt. of Love iii Minerva, guide me with thy grace, That language rude my matter not deface.

1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Aii ^v A noblenes of maners, withouten whiche the noblenes of bloode is moche defaced.

1656 T. Hobbes Questions Liberty, Necessity & Chance 226 Those Readers, whose Judgments are not defaced with the abuse of Words.

1706 J. Addison Rosamond i. iv How does my constant grief deface The pleasures of this happy place!

1878 P. Bayne Chief Actors Puritan Revol. i. 5 Every religion..will be more or less defaced by error.

†2. To destroy, demolish, lay waste. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break down, demolish, or ruin

spillc950

fellOE

to cast downc1230

destroy1297

to turn up?c1335

to throw down1340

to ding downc1380

to break downa1382

subverta1382

underturn1382

to take downc1384

falla1400

to make (a building, etc.) plain (with the earth)a1400

voida1400

brittenc1400

to burst downc1440

to pull downc1450

pluck1481

tumble1487

wreck1510

defacea1513

confound1523

raze1523

arase1530

to beat downc1540

ruinate1548

demolish1560

plane1562

to shovel down1563

race?1567

ruin1585

rape1597

unwall1598

to bluster down16..

raise1603

level1614

debolish1615

unbuilda1616

to make smooth work of1616

slight1640

to knock down1776

squabash1822

collapse1883

to turn over1897

mash1924

rubble1945

to take apart1978

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxxx. f. cv The cytie of Maynchester, that sore was defaced with warre of the Danys.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 751 They woulde..race, and clerely deface the walles, Towres, and portes of the Castell.

1575 T. Churchyard 1st Pt. Chippes f. 95 Now clean defaest, the goodly buildyngs fayre.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. i. 29 The Portugals erected a fortresse, which their king afterward commanded them to deface.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 47 Croatia..then by lawlesse, and turbulent souldiers, was miserably defaced.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxvi. 12 Hotly the King to deface outer Assyria sped.

a. To blot out, obliterate, efface (writing, marks).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > efface, obliterate [verb (transitive)] > writing, etc.

deface1340

razea1393

blot1530

to put out1530

delete1540

dispunct1570

obliterate1578

expunct1596

expunge1602

erase1605

dele1612

dispunge1622

retrench1645

liturate1656

excise1663

to scratch out1712

efface1737

extrapolate1831

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 191 Hi lokede..ine hare testament and hi yzeȝ þe þousend pond defaced of hire write.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxv. 117 When þis monee es waxen alde, and þe prynte þeroff defaced by cause of vsyng.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 333/2 The lyon..defaceth his traces and stappes with his taille whan he fleeth.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1372/1 To deface a letter, which he was then in writing..in cipher.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. iv To deface the print of a cauldron in the ashes.

1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. i. 4 In Characters that can never be defaced.

1839 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. vii. 100 The beginning of this letter is irreparably defaced.

b. figurative. To blot out of existence, memory, thought, etc.; to extinguish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > annihilate or blot out of existence

dilghec897

defacec1386

annul1395

anientec1400

refer?c1400

extinct1484

annihil1490

delete1495

out-terma1500

perspoil1523

extaintc1540

extinguish1555

blot1561

wipe1564

to cut the throat of1565

annihilate1567

dissipatea1575

annihilate1586

nullify1609

nullize1615

expunge1628

nothing1637

null1647

extramund1654

be-nothing1674

erase1728

obliterate1798

simoom1821

to tear to shreds1837

snuff1852

mop1859

to take out1900

napoo1915

naught1958

the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > deliberate forgetting, condoning > [verb (transitive)] > consign to oblivion

defacec1386

to strike by1457

efface1490

unlearna1500

obliterate1548

delete1563

oblivionize1593

dismiss1594

bury1595

oblivion1659

obliviate1661

erase1695

to go into the discard1927

cancel1990

c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 454 This wyl is in myn herte and ay shal be No lengthe of tyme or deeth may this deface.

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 198 Than comyth a storm and doth his lihte difface.

1570 T. Norton tr. A. Nowell Catech. (1853) 160 Defacing with everlasting forgetfulness the memory of our sins.

1624 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 2) ii. iii. ii. 262 For want of issue, they [sc. our greatest families] are defaced in an instant.

1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 4 By false Learning is good Sense defac'd.

1796 E. Burke Two Lett. Peace Regicide Directory France i. 7 With defaced manufactures, with a ruined commerce.

†4. To destroy the reputation or credit of; to discredit, defame. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > bring discredit on or bring into disrepute

unworthyc1230

alosea1325

low1340

ensclaundre1389

foulc1390

disparagea1400

deface1529

depress1550

discredit?1550

ignoblec1590

redound1591

reproach1593

blame1596

nullify1603

scandal1606

sinka1616

even1625

explode1629

disrepute1649

disrepute1651

lese1678

rogue1678

reflect1769

disconsider1849

dispraise1879

1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i, in Wks. 109/1 To deface that holy worke, to the ende, that they might seme to haue some iust cause to burne it.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. 11 To bryng hym out of credite, to deface hym.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Aiii/1 To Deface, dehonestare.

1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 223 Reasons to deface the Dukes merits.

1641 W. Prynne Antipathie p. x Iohn White..would have defaced Queene Elizabeth gladly, if hee durst, in his Funerall Sermon of Queene Mary, whom he immoderately extolled.

†5. To put out of countenance; to outface, abash. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] > abash

abashc1384

rebash?1473

to put out of countenancec1500

to dash (a person) out of countenance (conceit, courage)1530

deface1537

dash1570

discountenance1584

disgrace1607

debash1610

out-nose1624

to put out of face1821

1537 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 143 There stode..Parret..and his face flatt ageynst for to deface me.

c1570 Lady Hungerford to W. Darrell in H. Hall Society in Elizabethan Age (1887) 253 Seeke oute what possabell may be to deface and disprove those varlettes that soo vily hathe yoused us.

†6. To outshine by contrast, cast in the shade.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > put in the shade or put to shame

shamec1400

to put down1494

extinguish1551

stain1557

overshadow1581

cloud1582

defacea1592

shend1596

to lay up1601

to shine down1623

dazzle1643

umbrage1647

foila1687

efface1717

eclipse1718

shade?1748

put into the shade1796

to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819

to put to shame1854

to leave (a person) standing1864

to lay over1869

blanket1884

upstage1921

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. I^v So rich and faire a bud, Whose brightnesse shall deface proude Phœbus flowre.

1639 N. N. tr. J. Du Bosc Compl. Woman C ij Women who..put on many diamonds..make them contemplate their jewels.. The luster of the flash they give, defaceth that of their own hue.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 142 The Aurora Borealis ..not to be defaced even by the splendour of the full moon.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	deface
释义	† defacen. Etymology: < deface v. Obsolete. Defacement. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] > damaging or injuring spillinga1122 impairment1340 marring1357 damaginga1400 defacingc1400 spoiling1479 violation?c1500 facingc1540 deface1556 defacement1561 infection1563 spoil1575 endamageance1594 damagement1603 mismaking1615 empoisonmenta1626 vitiation1635 vitiating1669 spoilage1815 savaging1858 spoliation1867 mucking about1969 1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie lxi. 5 That trewth trewlie might appere without deface. 1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistr. Buckingham xix, in Wks. (1859) 130 Yet God..At last descries them to your sad deface, You see the examples set before your face. 1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 61 His fathers Coate, his Mothers Countries grace, His honors Badge, his cruell foes deface. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads vi. 298 He hath been born, and bred to the deface, By great Olympius, of Troy. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021). defacev. /dɪˈfeɪs/ Forms: Also Middle English defaas, Middle English defface, defase, difface, 1500s dyfface. Etymology: < obsolete French deface-r, earlier deffacer, originally desfacier, < des- , dé- (de- prefix 1f) + face face n. Compare Italian sfacciare. 1. a. transitive. To mar the face, features, or appearance of; to spoil or ruin the figure, form, or beauty of; to disfigure. to deface coin includes the stamping on a legally current coin of any name or words other than those impressed on it; made illegal by Act 16 & 17 Vict. c. 102. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > disfigurement > disfigure [verb (transitive)] loathly?c1225 defacec1374 disfigurec1374 emblemishc1384 defoula1387 unhighta1387 disray1431 deform?c1450 foul?c1450 deflower1486 defeata1492 unbeauty1495 deflourisha1513 disform?1520 ungarnish1530 disfashiona1535 disfavour1535 disgrace1549 unbeautify1570 uglify1576 disbeautify1577 dishonest1581 disshape1583 disornament1593 disadorn1598 undeck1598 disvisage1603 unfair1609 untrim1609 debellish1610 disfair1628 discomplexion1640 devenustate1653 disfeature1659 monkeyfy1707 ugly1740 defeature1792 dedecorate1804 scarecrow1853 nastify1873 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 915 And clepe A-yen þe beute of your face, That ye with salte Teeris so deface. 1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy iii. xxvii But in her rage to the kinge she ran..So diffaced and rewefull of her sight That by her hewe knoweth her no wyht. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. x. f. 48 The hole woorke..defaced with blottes and interlynynge. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 4 One yron Mole defaceth the whole peece of lawne. ?1661 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 7 Lucas..cut downe all the trees about the Castle, which utterly defaced the seat. 1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Oct. (1965) I. 279 There are some few heads of Ancient Statues, but several of them defac'd by modern Additions. 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 369 A deed..is..cancelled by tearing off the seals, or otherwise defacing it. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 160 Fine works of art and curious remains of antiquity, were brutally defaced. b. figurative (of things immaterial). ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] defacec1325 spill1377 rust1493 vitiate1534 abastard1573 invitiate1598 vilify1615 demoralize1794 c1325 Deo Gratias 70 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 126 Þi vertues let no fulþe defaas. c1450 Crt. of Love iii Minerva, guide me with thy grace, That language rude my matter not deface. 1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Aii ^v A noblenes of maners, withouten whiche the noblenes of bloode is moche defaced. 1656 T. Hobbes Questions Liberty, Necessity & Chance 226 Those Readers, whose Judgments are not defaced with the abuse of Words. 1706 J. Addison Rosamond i. iv How does my constant grief deface The pleasures of this happy place! 1878 P. Bayne Chief Actors Puritan Revol. i. 5 Every religion..will be more or less defaced by error. †2. To destroy, demolish, lay waste. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break down, demolish, or ruin spillc950 fellOE to cast downc1230 destroy1297 to turn up?c1335 to throw down1340 to ding downc1380 to break downa1382 subverta1382 underturn1382 to take downc1384 falla1400 to make (a building, etc.) plain (with the earth)a1400 voida1400 brittenc1400 to burst downc1440 to pull downc1450 pluck1481 tumble1487 wreck1510 defacea1513 confound1523 raze1523 arase1530 to beat downc1540 ruinate1548 demolish1560 plane1562 to shovel down1563 race?1567 ruin1585 rape1597 unwall1598 to bluster down16.. raise1603 level1614 debolish1615 unbuilda1616 to make smooth work of1616 slight1640 to knock down1776 squabash1822 collapse1883 to turn over1897 mash1924 rubble1945 to take apart1978 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxxx. f. cv The cytie of Maynchester, that sore was defaced with warre of the Danys. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 751 They woulde..race, and clerely deface the walles, Towres, and portes of the Castell. 1575 T. Churchyard 1st Pt. Chippes f. 95 Now clean defaest, the goodly buildyngs fayre. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. i. 29 The Portugals erected a fortresse, which their king afterward commanded them to deface. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 47 Croatia..then by lawlesse, and turbulent souldiers, was miserably defaced. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxvi. 12 Hotly the King to deface outer Assyria sped. 3. a. To blot out, obliterate, efface (writing, marks). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > efface, obliterate [verb (transitive)] > writing, etc. deface1340 razea1393 blot1530 to put out1530 delete1540 dispunct1570 obliterate1578 expunct1596 expunge1602 erase1605 dele1612 dispunge1622 retrench1645 liturate1656 excise1663 to scratch out1712 efface1737 extrapolate1831 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 191 Hi lokede..ine hare testament and hi yzeȝ þe þousend pond defaced of hire write. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxv. 117 When þis monee es waxen alde, and þe prynte þeroff defaced by cause of vsyng. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 333/2 The lyon..defaceth his traces and stappes with his taille whan he fleeth. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1372/1 To deface a letter, which he was then in writing..in cipher. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. iv To deface the print of a cauldron in the ashes. View more context for this quotation 1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. i. 4 In Characters that can never be defaced. 1839 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. vii. 100 The beginning of this letter is irreparably defaced. b. figurative. To blot out of existence, memory, thought, etc.; to extinguish. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > annihilate or blot out of existence dilghec897 defacec1386 annul1395 anientec1400 refer?c1400 extinct1484 annihil1490 delete1495 out-terma1500 perspoil1523 extaintc1540 extinguish1555 blot1561 wipe1564 to cut the throat of1565 annihilate1567 dissipatea1575 annihilate1586 nullify1609 nullize1615 expunge1628 nothing1637 null1647 extramund1654 be-nothing1674 erase1728 obliterate1798 simoom1821 to tear to shreds1837 snuff1852 mop1859 to take out1900 napoo1915 naught1958 the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > deliberate forgetting, condoning > [verb (transitive)] > consign to oblivion defacec1386 to strike by1457 efface1490 unlearna1500 obliterate1548 delete1563 oblivionize1593 dismiss1594 bury1595 oblivion1659 obliviate1661 erase1695 to go into the discard1927 cancel1990 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 454 This wyl is in myn herte and ay shal be No lengthe of tyme or deeth may this deface. c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 198 Than comyth a storm and doth his lihte difface. 1570 T. Norton tr. A. Nowell Catech. (1853) 160 Defacing with everlasting forgetfulness the memory of our sins. 1624 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 2) ii. iii. ii. 262 For want of issue, they [sc. our greatest families] are defaced in an instant. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 4 By false Learning is good Sense defac'd. 1796 E. Burke Two Lett. Peace Regicide Directory France i. 7 With defaced manufactures, with a ruined commerce. †4. To destroy the reputation or credit of; to discredit, defame. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > bring discredit on or bring into disrepute unworthyc1230 alosea1325 low1340 ensclaundre1389 foulc1390 disparagea1400 deface1529 depress1550 discredit?1550 ignoblec1590 redound1591 reproach1593 blame1596 nullify1603 scandal1606 sinka1616 even1625 explode1629 disrepute1649 disrepute1651 lese1678 rogue1678 reflect1769 disconsider1849 dispraise1879 1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i, in Wks. 109/1 To deface that holy worke, to the ende, that they might seme to haue some iust cause to burne it. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. 11 To bryng hym out of credite, to deface hym. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Aiii/1 To Deface, dehonestare. 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 223 Reasons to deface the Dukes merits. 1641 W. Prynne Antipathie p. x Iohn White..would have defaced Queene Elizabeth gladly, if hee durst, in his Funerall Sermon of Queene Mary, whom he immoderately extolled. †5. To put out of countenance; to outface, abash. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] > abash abashc1384 rebash?1473 to put out of countenancec1500 to dash (a person) out of countenance (conceit, courage)1530 deface1537 dash1570 discountenance1584 disgrace1607 debash1610 out-nose1624 to put out of face1821 1537 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 143 There stode..Parret..and his face flatt ageynst for to deface me. c1570 Lady Hungerford to W. Darrell in H. Hall Society in Elizabethan Age (1887) 253 Seeke oute what possabell may be to deface and disprove those varlettes that soo vily hathe yoused us. †6. To outshine by contrast, cast in the shade. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > put in the shade or put to shame shamec1400 to put down1494 extinguish1551 stain1557 overshadow1581 cloud1582 defacea1592 shend1596 to lay up1601 to shine down1623 dazzle1643 umbrage1647 foila1687 efface1717 eclipse1718 shade?1748 put into the shade1796 to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819 to put to shame1854 to leave (a person) standing1864 to lay over1869 blanket1884 upstage1921 a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. I^v So rich and faire a bud, Whose brightnesse shall deface proude Phœbus flowre. 1639 N. N. tr. J. Du Bosc Compl. Woman C ij Women who..put on many diamonds..make them contemplate their jewels.. The luster of the flash they give, defaceth that of their own hue. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 142 The Aurora Borealis ..not to be defaced even by the splendour of the full moon. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1556v.c1325
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† defacen.

defacev.