dependv.¹

Brit.

/dᵻˈpɛnd/, U.S.

/dəˈpɛnd/,

/diˈpɛnd/

Etymology: < Old French depend-re (12th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < de- prefix 1a + pendre to hang, after Latin dēpendēre, < de- prefix 1a + pendēre (intransitive) to hang. (The French pendre in form represents Latin pendĕre transitive, to hang, suspend.)

a. intransitive. To hang down, be suspended. (Now chiefly in literary use.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > hang or be suspended [verb (intransitive)] > hang down

falleOE

depend?1518

fag1555

pend1834

?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Aiii An olde man..with berdelyke brystels, dependyng on his chyn.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 42 As on your boughes the ysicles depend.

1695 R. Blackmore Prince Arthur ix. 256 Whence a deep Fring depends of Silk and Gold.

1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 17 And ever living Lamps depend in Rows.

1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xi. 90 The drapery..that depends from his shoulders.

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 450 With handkerchief in hand depending low.

1880 R. Jefferies Round about Great Estate 146 The branches of the damsons depended so low.

b. transitive. To hang down. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > hang or suspend [verb (transitive)] > allow or cause to hang down

hang1598

flag1637

depend1803

1803 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 15 The mountain-ash..Depends its branches to the stream below.

a. intransitive. figurative. To hang upon or from, as a result or consequence is contingently attached to its condition or cause; to be contingent on or conditioned by. Const. on, upon (formerly of, rarely from, to, in). Also absol. (elliptically) in colloquial use in that depends, i.e. on circumstances, or on some circumstance not expressed.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [verb (intransitive)] > be subordinate to

depend1413

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)] > depend

depend1413

rest1530

penda1540

stay1549

to consist by1567

consist1588

suspend1608

to roll on ——1707

hinge1719

pivot1872

1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) v. xiv. 108 The werk that he werketh dependeth of fortune and not of hym.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xvi. xiv The vii. Scyences..Eche upon other do full well depende.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. KKKii For in the loue of god & of our neyghbour..dependeth all the law & prophecyes.

1547 W. Baldwin Treat. Morall Phylos. sig. Q.vi Yf Rulers be negligent, and loke not to smal thynges wherevpon greater do depende.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 153 Hee waited onely to receive her commands, whereon depended both his stay and departure.

a1645 D. Featley in T. Fuller Abel Redevivus (1651) 482 Howsoever the spirituall power be more excellent and noble than the temporall, yet they both are from God, and neither dependeth of the other.

1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 2 From a right understanding of this, depends the Knowledge of many Places in both sacred and profane Writers.

1754 Bp. T. Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. iv. 141 This is a Matter depending on the Evidence of History.

1763 C. Johnstone Reverie (new ed.) I. 236 Forming a resolution on his steadiness, in which depends the crisis of his fate.

1847 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 181 I may then go to Naseby for three days: but this depends.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 252 Whether the bond should be enforced or not would depend on his subsequent conduct.

1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 46 The psychological laws on which moral phenomena depend.

1886 J. R. Rees Pleasures of Book-worm i. 33 The value of a book be it intrinsic or adventitious..does not depend on its size.

†b. Formerly sometimes meaning little more than: To hang together with, to be connected with, to pertain or be pertinent to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > relevance or pertinence > [verb (intransitive)]

belimpOE

beholda1067

belielOE

pertaina1325

pendc1330

appendc1386

appertainc1386

holdc1430

pretenda1470

recorda1500

depend1525

extenda1533

inherea1628

to make to ——1645

apply1741

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccii. [cxcviii.] 623 That..ye may write it in your Cronicle, with many other hystories that depende to the same mater.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie (1595) sig. B3 The..beautie, depended most of Poetrie.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 293 And therefore this my present discourse..howsoeuer it is in nature different, yet it dependeth of the other.

†c. To follow or flow from, result from. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)]

followOE

sue?c1225

arisec1275

fallc1300

result?a1425

ensue1483

enfollow1485

issuea1500

rebounda1500

succeed1537

terminate1613

concludea1639

depend1655

eventuate1814

ultimatec1834

come1884

translate1919

1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick x. vi. 295 A Dysentery..with pain and torment depending upon the ulceration of the Intestines.

a. With on, upon (†of, etc.: see 2): To be connected with in a relation of subordination; to belong to as something subordinate; to be a dependant of.

ΚΠ

c1500 Melusine (1895) 333 Partenay, Merment, Vouant & al theire appurtenaunces..with the Castel Eglon with al that therof dependeth.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 18^v Those [Vertebres] that are appertinent, or depend vpon Os Sacrum.

1639 R. Gentilis tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Inquisition 16 The Office of th' Inquisition within these Dominions, doth not depend from the Court of Rome.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Westm. 240 Hereupon a story depends.

1710 C. Whitworth Acct. Russia (1758) 48 They have no more freehold left, and their peasants or subjects, now immediately depend upon the Czar's officers.

1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 521 An estate tail, and all the remainders, and the reversion depending on it.

†b. absol. To be dependent; to have or take a position of dependence. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1673 B. Makin Ess. to revive Antient Educ. Gentlewomen 26 Maids that cannot subsist without depending, as Servants, may chuse their places.

4. To rest entirely on, upon (†of) for maintenance, support, supply, or what is needed; to have to rely upon; to be a burden upon, to be sustained by; to be dependent on.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > be under authority [verb (intransitive)] > be dependent

to lie in one's powerc1374

depend1548

to hang on, upon, of (a person's) sleeve1548

to lie in (or on) one's handsa1593

to fall upon ——?1672

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clj^v The whole waight and burden of the realme, rested and depended vpon him.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 151 The house not being any whit fortified, but depending altogether on the fortune of the walls below.

1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 131 The effect of depending upon forraign Countries for Hemps.

1801 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales III. 8 A father and mother..who depended on me for their support.

1832 H. Martineau Life in Wilds viii. 103 Well directed labour is all we have had to depend on.

1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. xi. 286 Clara must..depend entirely on the generosity of some one till she was married.

a. To rely in mind, count, or reckon confidently on, upon (†of, etc.). (Now chiefly in colloquial phrase depend upon it, used parenthetically.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (intransitive)] > rely on

wrethea1225

treousec1275

resta1382

to stand upon ——a1393

hang1393

lengc1440

arrest1523

reckon1547

ground1551

stay1560

depend1563

repose1567

rely1574

count1642

to make stay upon1682

allot1816

tie1867

1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Faith ii, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 40 Depending (or hanging) only of the help and trust that they had in God.

1622 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (Reidpeth) (1998) I. 243 And on the prince depend with heuinlie feir.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 275 The superstitious, who depended upon some supernaturall helps.

1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely iv. 60 If so be they had been defeated, one might have depended upon seeing the Affairs of the Ottaman Empire restored.

1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 53 Faith, Miss, depend upon it, I'll give you as good as you bring.

1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator (1748) 319 It may be depended on that..we shall advertise.

1748 Acct. Voy. for Discov. North-west Passage I. 30 If they can eat Seal, there is such a Plenty of them..that they may depend upon Food be their Voyage ever so long.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 496 He could no longer depend on the protection of his master.

1885 G. Allen Babylon I. v. 78 Depend upon it, Churchill, over-education's a great error.

b. elliptical with following clause: To be sure or confident; = ‘to depend upon it’ (see 5). colloquial.

ΚΠ

1700 J. Asgill Argument Eternal Life 95 I..do as much depend that I shall not go hence by returning to the Dust.

1747 B. Franklin Plain Truth (new ed.) 13 No Man can with Certainty depend that another will stand by him.

1789 Triumphs of Fortitude II. 150 Depend, it will not be ill conducted by one of such skill.

1791 E. Inchbald Simple Story II. x. 187 From the constancy of his disposition, she depended much, that sentiments like these were not totally eradicated.

1879 J. C. Morison Gibbon 128 We may depend that a swift blight would have shrivelled his labours.

†6. To wait in suspense or expectation on, upon. (Cf. to hang on (a person's) lips at lip n. 3a.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > state of uncertainty, suspense > be in suspense [verb (intransitive)]

dependc1430

to hang up1623

to be on (the) tenter(s1633

to be on (the) tenterhooks1748

(to be, sit, stand, walk) on thorns (a thorn)1768

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > state of uncertainty, suspense > keep in suspense [verb (transitive)] > wait in suspense

dependc1430

c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) viii. i. 178 a The heartes of men, depending in a traunce.

1568 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 198 Off gyd and gouirnance we ar all solitair Dependand ay vpoun thy stait and grace.

1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia i. 1 in J. Smith Map of Virginia Captaine Bartholomew Gosnold..at last prevailed with some Gentlemen..who depended a yeare vpon his proiects, but nothing could be effected.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 299 The Hearer on the Speaker's Mouth depends.

1704 R. Steele Lying Lover ii. 20 Have not I, Madam, two long Years..depended on your Smile.

7. To be in suspense or undetermined, be waiting for settlement (as an action at law, a bill in parliament, an appointment, etc.). (Usually in present participle = pending: see also depending adj. 5.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > questionable state or quality > be undecided [verb (intransitive)]

hang1382

dependc1430

c1430 J. Lydgate Story of Thebes iii. (R.) The fatall chance Of life and death dependeth in balance.

1532–3 Act 24 Hen. VIII c. 12 §8 Euery matter, cause, and contention nowe dependynge..before any of the sayde archebishops.

c1575 Leg. Bp. St. Androis 131 (Satir. Poems Reform.) Becaus St. Androis then dependit, To heich promotione he pretendit.

1632 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 123 The same demurrer hath been on both sides often argued, and now depends readie for the Judgement of y^e Court.

1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) 185 Whilst these disputes..were depending, the..Indians made attacks.

a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. 480 Bills of supply were still depending.

1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 559 The resolution was filed in the court in which the bankruptcy was depending.

†8. To be ready or preparing to come on; to impend, to be imminent. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent

comeOE

nigha1225

to draw nearc1330

approachc1374

drawa1375

to stand ina1382

to stand ona1382

instand1382

to draw ona1450

proacha1450

to draw nigha1470

to fall at handa1535

to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538

instant1541

to prick fast upon1565

impend1674

simmer1703

depend1710

loom1827

to knock about1866

to come up1909

1710 J. Swift in J. Swift & R. Steele Tatler No. 238 While rain depends, the pensive cat gives o'er Her frolicks.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 207 I had not the least Notion of any such Thing depending, or the least Supposition of it being possible.

†9. To have a leaning. (Cf. penchant n.) Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > be inclined [verb (intransitive)]

inclinea1413

willc1443

please?1467

regard?1542

fantasy1548

depend1586

to be bent1626

point1638

bias1656

to be on1886

1586 Let. Earle Leycester 15 It might then be suspected, in respect of the disposition of such as depend that way.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	depend
释义	dependv.¹ Brit. /dᵻˈpɛnd/, U.S. /dəˈpɛnd/, /diˈpɛnd/ Etymology: < Old French depend-re (12th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < de- prefix 1a + pendre to hang, after Latin dēpendēre, < de- prefix 1a + pendēre (intransitive) to hang. (The French pendre in form represents Latin pendĕre transitive, to hang, suspend.) 1. a. intransitive. To hang down, be suspended. (Now chiefly in literary use.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > hang or be suspended [verb (intransitive)] > hang down falleOE depend?1518 fag1555 pend1834 ?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Aiii An olde man..with berdelyke brystels, dependyng on his chyn. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 42 As on your boughes the ysicles depend. 1695 R. Blackmore Prince Arthur ix. 256 Whence a deep Fring depends of Silk and Gold. 1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 17 And ever living Lamps depend in Rows. 1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xi. 90 The drapery..that depends from his shoulders. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 450 With handkerchief in hand depending low. 1880 R. Jefferies Round about Great Estate 146 The branches of the damsons depended so low. b. transitive. To hang down. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > hang or suspend [verb (transitive)] > allow or cause to hang down hang1598 flag1637 depend1803 1803 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 15 The mountain-ash..Depends its branches to the stream below. 2. a. intransitive. figurative. To hang upon or from, as a result or consequence is contingently attached to its condition or cause; to be contingent on or conditioned by. Const. on, upon (formerly of, rarely from, to, in). Also absol. (elliptically) in colloquial use in that depends, i.e. on circumstances, or on some circumstance not expressed. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [verb (intransitive)] > be subordinate to depend1413 the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)] > depend depend1413 rest1530 penda1540 stay1549 to consist by1567 consist1588 suspend1608 to roll on ——1707 hinge1719 pivot1872 1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) v. xiv. 108 The werk that he werketh dependeth of fortune and not of hym. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xvi. xiv The vii. Scyences..Eche upon other do full well depende. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. KKKii For in the loue of god & of our neyghbour..dependeth all the law & prophecyes. 1547 W. Baldwin Treat. Morall Phylos. sig. Q.vi Yf Rulers be negligent, and loke not to smal thynges wherevpon greater do depende. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 153 Hee waited onely to receive her commands, whereon depended both his stay and departure. a1645 D. Featley in T. Fuller Abel Redevivus (1651) 482 Howsoever the spirituall power be more excellent and noble than the temporall, yet they both are from God, and neither dependeth of the other. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 2 From a right understanding of this, depends the Knowledge of many Places in both sacred and profane Writers. 1754 Bp. T. Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. iv. 141 This is a Matter depending on the Evidence of History. 1763 C. Johnstone Reverie (new ed.) I. 236 Forming a resolution on his steadiness, in which depends the crisis of his fate. 1847 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 181 I may then go to Naseby for three days: but this depends. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 252 Whether the bond should be enforced or not would depend on his subsequent conduct. 1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 46 The psychological laws on which moral phenomena depend. 1886 J. R. Rees Pleasures of Book-worm i. 33 The value of a book be it intrinsic or adventitious..does not depend on its size. †b. Formerly sometimes meaning little more than: To hang together with, to be connected with, to pertain or be pertinent to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > relevance or pertinence > [verb (intransitive)] belimpOE beholda1067 belielOE pertaina1325 pendc1330 appendc1386 appertainc1386 holdc1430 pretenda1470 recorda1500 depend1525 extenda1533 inherea1628 to make to ——1645 apply1741 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccii. [cxcviii.] 623 That..ye may write it in your Cronicle, with many other hystories that depende to the same mater. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie (1595) sig. B3 The..beautie, depended most of Poetrie. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 293 And therefore this my present discourse..howsoeuer it is in nature different, yet it dependeth of the other. †c. To follow or flow from, result from. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)] followOE sue?c1225 arisec1275 fallc1300 result?a1425 ensue1483 enfollow1485 issuea1500 rebounda1500 succeed1537 terminate1613 concludea1639 depend1655 eventuate1814 ultimatec1834 come1884 translate1919 1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick x. vi. 295 A Dysentery..with pain and torment depending upon the ulceration of the Intestines. 3. a. With on, upon (†of, etc.: see 2): To be connected with in a relation of subordination; to belong to as something subordinate; to be a dependant of. ΚΠ c1500 Melusine (1895) 333 Partenay, Merment, Vouant & al theire appurtenaunces..with the Castel Eglon with al that therof dependeth. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 18^v Those [Vertebres] that are appertinent, or depend vpon Os Sacrum. 1639 R. Gentilis tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Inquisition 16 The Office of th' Inquisition within these Dominions, doth not depend from the Court of Rome. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Westm. 240 Hereupon a story depends. 1710 C. Whitworth Acct. Russia (1758) 48 They have no more freehold left, and their peasants or subjects, now immediately depend upon the Czar's officers. 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 521 An estate tail, and all the remainders, and the reversion depending on it. †b. absol. To be dependent; to have or take a position of dependence. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1673 B. Makin Ess. to revive Antient Educ. Gentlewomen 26 Maids that cannot subsist without depending, as Servants, may chuse their places. 4. To rest entirely on, upon (†of) for maintenance, support, supply, or what is needed; to have to rely upon; to be a burden upon, to be sustained by; to be dependent on. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > be under authority [verb (intransitive)] > be dependent to lie in one's powerc1374 depend1548 to hang on, upon, of (a person's) sleeve1548 to lie in (or on) one's handsa1593 to fall upon ——?1672 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clj^v The whole waight and burden of the realme, rested and depended vpon him. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 151 The house not being any whit fortified, but depending altogether on the fortune of the walls below. 1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 131 The effect of depending upon forraign Countries for Hemps. 1801 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales III. 8 A father and mother..who depended on me for their support. 1832 H. Martineau Life in Wilds viii. 103 Well directed labour is all we have had to depend on. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. xi. 286 Clara must..depend entirely on the generosity of some one till she was married. 5. a. To rely in mind, count, or reckon confidently on, upon (†of, etc.). (Now chiefly in colloquial phrase depend upon it, used parenthetically.) ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (intransitive)] > rely on wrethea1225 treousec1275 resta1382 to stand upon ——a1393 hang1393 lengc1440 arrest1523 reckon1547 ground1551 stay1560 depend1563 repose1567 rely1574 count1642 to make stay upon1682 allot1816 tie1867 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Faith ii, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 40 Depending (or hanging) only of the help and trust that they had in God. 1622 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (Reidpeth) (1998) I. 243 And on the prince depend with heuinlie feir. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 275 The superstitious, who depended upon some supernaturall helps. 1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely iv. 60 If so be they had been defeated, one might have depended upon seeing the Affairs of the Ottaman Empire restored. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 53 Faith, Miss, depend upon it, I'll give you as good as you bring. 1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator (1748) 319 It may be depended on that..we shall advertise. 1748 Acct. Voy. for Discov. North-west Passage I. 30 If they can eat Seal, there is such a Plenty of them..that they may depend upon Food be their Voyage ever so long. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 496 He could no longer depend on the protection of his master. 1885 G. Allen Babylon I. v. 78 Depend upon it, Churchill, over-education's a great error. b. elliptical with following clause: To be sure or confident; = ‘to depend upon it’ (see 5). colloquial. ΚΠ 1700 J. Asgill Argument Eternal Life 95 I..do as much depend that I shall not go hence by returning to the Dust. 1747 B. Franklin Plain Truth (new ed.) 13 No Man can with Certainty depend that another will stand by him. 1789 Triumphs of Fortitude II. 150 Depend, it will not be ill conducted by one of such skill. 1791 E. Inchbald Simple Story II. x. 187 From the constancy of his disposition, she depended much, that sentiments like these were not totally eradicated. 1879 J. C. Morison Gibbon 128 We may depend that a swift blight would have shrivelled his labours. †6. To wait in suspense or expectation on, upon. (Cf. to hang on (a person's) lips at lip n. 3a.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > state of uncertainty, suspense > be in suspense [verb (intransitive)] dependc1430 to hang up1623 to be on (the) tenter(s1633 to be on (the) tenterhooks1748 (to be, sit, stand, walk) on thorns (a thorn)1768 the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > state of uncertainty, suspense > keep in suspense [verb (transitive)] > wait in suspense dependc1430 c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) viii. i. 178 a The heartes of men, depending in a traunce. 1568 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 198 Off gyd and gouirnance we ar all solitair Dependand ay vpoun thy stait and grace. 1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia i. 1 in J. Smith Map of Virginia Captaine Bartholomew Gosnold..at last prevailed with some Gentlemen..who depended a yeare vpon his proiects, but nothing could be effected. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 299 The Hearer on the Speaker's Mouth depends. 1704 R. Steele Lying Lover ii. 20 Have not I, Madam, two long Years..depended on your Smile. 7. To be in suspense or undetermined, be waiting for settlement (as an action at law, a bill in parliament, an appointment, etc.). (Usually in present participle = pending: see also depending adj. 5.) ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > questionable state or quality > be undecided [verb (intransitive)] hang1382 dependc1430 c1430 J. Lydgate Story of Thebes iii. (R.) The fatall chance Of life and death dependeth in balance. 1532–3 Act 24 Hen. VIII c. 12 §8 Euery matter, cause, and contention nowe dependynge..before any of the sayde archebishops. c1575 Leg. Bp. St. Androis 131 (Satir. Poems Reform.) Becaus St. Androis then dependit, To heich promotione he pretendit. 1632 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 123 The same demurrer hath been on both sides often argued, and now depends readie for the Judgement of y^e Court. 1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) 185 Whilst these disputes..were depending, the..Indians made attacks. a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. 480 Bills of supply were still depending. 1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 559 The resolution was filed in the court in which the bankruptcy was depending. †8. To be ready or preparing to come on; to impend, to be imminent. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [verb (intransitive)] > be imminent comeOE nigha1225 to draw nearc1330 approachc1374 drawa1375 to stand ina1382 to stand ona1382 instand1382 to draw ona1450 proacha1450 to draw nigha1470 to fall at handa1535 to hang by (on, upon) a threada1538 instant1541 to prick fast upon1565 impend1674 simmer1703 depend1710 loom1827 to knock about1866 to come up1909 1710 J. Swift in J. Swift & R. Steele Tatler No. 238 While rain depends, the pensive cat gives o'er Her frolicks. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 207 I had not the least Notion of any such Thing depending, or the least Supposition of it being possible. †9. To have a leaning. (Cf. penchant n.) Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > be inclined [verb (intransitive)] inclinea1413 willc1443 please?1467 regard?1542 fantasy1548 depend1586 to be bent1626 point1638 bias1656 to be on1886 1586 Let. Earle Leycester 15 It might then be suspected, in respect of the disposition of such as depend that way. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † dependv.² Etymology: < Latin dēpendĕre to pay down or away, spend, expend, < de- prefix 1a, 1b + pendĕre to weigh, pay. Compare dispend v. rare. transitive. To expend, spend. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > use for specific purpose > specifically an immaterial thing beteec1175 spenec1200 beseta1240 dispenda1400 spenda1400 expendc1440 incline?a1475 expone1527 adhibit?1538 depend1607 dispense?1624 lend1697 1607 W. N. Barley-breake sig. B2^v To whom Dame Nature lent so rich a port, That all her glory on her was depended. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < v.¹1413v.²1607
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