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单词 althedy
释义

althedyadj.n.

Forms:

α. early Old English elðeoðig (transmission error), early Old English elðidig, early Old English elðiedig, Old English elhðeodig (transmission error), Old English ellþeodi- (in derivatives), Old English ellðeodi- (in derivatives), Old English ellþeodig, Old English ellðeodig, Old English ellðiodig (Northumbrian), Old English elþeodeg, Old English elðeodeg, Old English ęlþeodig, Old English elðeodig, Old English eltheodig (rare), Old English elðiodeg, Old English elþiodig, Old English elðiodig, Old English–early Middle English elþeodi, Old English–early Middle English elðeodi, Old English–early Middle English elþeodig, late Old English elþidig, late Old English elðiedi.

β. early Old English ælðiedig, Old English ælfþeode- (in derivatives, rare), Old English ælfþeodi- (in derivatives, rare), Old English ællþeodig, Old English ællðeodig, Old English ælþedeg (rare), Old English ælðedig (rare), Old English aelðeodeg (rare), Old English ælþeodeg, Old English ælðeodeg, Old English ælþeodi, Old English ælþeodig, Old English ælðeodig, Old English ælþeodyg (rare), Old English ælþeoðiodige (plural, transmission error), Old English ælþiodig, Old English ælðiodig, Old English ælþydig (rare), Old English ælðydig (rare), Old English ælþyodi- (in derivatives, rare), Old English–early Middle English ælþeode- (in derivatives), Old English (rare)–early Middle English eallþeodig, Old English (rare)–early Middle English ealðeodig, late Old English æltheodig, late Old English eallðeodig, late Old English ealþeodi, late Old English ealðeodi- (in derivatives), late Old English ealþeodig, early Middle English ælþeodiȝ, early Middle English ælþeodogum (dative plural), early Middle English ælþeodugum (dative plural), early Middle English ælþudig, early Middle English alþeodi, early Middle English eallþeodi.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon elithiodig , Old High German elidiutīg < the Germanic base of althede n. + the Germanic base of -y suffix1.The α. forms show the regular development (with i-mutation) of the original Old English prefix *æli- (see else adv.), whereas the β. forms derive from a form with early loss of i , and consequent failure of i-mutation; see further R. M. Hogg Gram. Old Eng. (1992) I. §5.85.11. Old English (and early Middle English) forms in eal- , eall- (see β. forms) arise from confusion of the unmutated prefix with æl- , the combining form of all adj., and consequent substitution of forms of all adj. (see discussion at that entry). Occasional forms in ælf- (attested only in MS Brussels 1650) perhaps show an inverse spelling reflecting the simplification of elf n.1 as first element in compounds (only in personal names, e.g. Ælwine (for Ælfwine ), Ælstan (for Ælfstan ), etc.), or alternatively may show a folk-etymological substitution for the combining form æl- as indicating association of strangers and especially foreigners with danger and the uncanny; compare similar forms of almighty adj. and see discussion at that entry.
Obsolete.
A. adj.
Of or belonging to another country or nation; foreign, alien.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [adjective] > foreign (of country or place) or situated abroad
althedyOE
strange1297
foreigna1393
outward1427
extern1543
abroad1559
external1587
stranger1593
tramontane1596
oversea1645
transmontane1727
trans-oceanic1827
overseas1892
OE Andreas (1932) 199 Ne synt me winas cuðe, eorlas elþeodige, ne þær æniges wat hæleða gehygdo.
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xvi. 161 Eart ðu ana ælðeodig mann on Hierusalem, þæt ðu ne gehyrdest be ðam Nazareniscan hælende, hu he wæs belæwed, and to deaðe fordemed?
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Exod. (Claud.) ii. 22 Seo cende him sunu, þone he genemde Gerson, & þus cwæð: Ic wæs utacymen on elðeodig land [L. terra aliena].
lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) (2009) I. xxvii. 299 Rice mon wyrð adrifen of his earde..cymð þonne on ælðeodig folc þær þær hine nan man ne can.
B. n.
A person from another country or nation; a foreigner, a stranger. Also: an exile.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > [adjective] > that is a stranger or outsider
uncouthc893
outcomeeOE
fremdc950
althedyOE
foreigna1325
aliena1382
barbarous1542
barbarianc1550
stranger1593
extraneous1656
outside1826
barbaric1849
extern1866
offcomed1879
society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > [noun] > one who is separated or isolated > stranger or outsider
fremdc950
guestc950
althedyOE
allophyleOE
uncoutha1250
strangea1325
alienc1384
barbarc1384
barbarync1384
strangerc1385
barbaric1388
foreigna1399
outland?a1400
farandman14..
out-comelingc1400
foreigner1422
alienar1473
alienate1497
estrangec1503
new face?a1513
barbarianc1550
fremman1568
frenne1579
estranger1586
inmatea1600
outlier1606
outcomer1607
externc1610
exoteric1697
outner1721
outsider1800
unco1800
inconnu1807
outrigger1850
offcome1859
ringer1896
offcomer1898
shenzi1910
out-grouper1938
outworlder1948
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [adjective] > foreign (of country or place) or situated abroad > of or relating to a foreign land
un-i-cundeeOE
althedisheOE
althedyOE
elelendisha1000
fremda1000
outlandishOE
strange1297
outenc1300
unkindc1300
outlandsc1330
foreign?1435
outland1488
peregrine1532
uncouth1533
forinsecal1539
exterior1540
extern1543
unnative1568
uplandish1586
external1587
tramontane1596
exotical1601
estranged1614
undenizened1635
extra-marine1639
outlanding1643
ultramarine1656
transmontane1727
forinsec service1728
foreigneering1806
trans-oceanic1827
vilayati1843
alienized1860
oversea1881
overwater1889
overseas1892
furrin1895
non-native1932
OE Seafarer 38 Monað modes lust mæla gehwylce ferð to feran, þæt ic feor heonan elþeodigra eard gesece.
OE tr. Apollonius of Tyre (1958) xiii. 18 And cliopode micelre stæfne and cwæð: Gehyran [read Gehyre] ge ceasterwaran, gehyre ge ælðeodige [L. audite cives, audite peregrini], frige and þeowe, æðele and unæðele.
OE Hymns (Julius A.vi) iii. 8 in H. Gneuss Hymnar u. Hymnen im englischen Mittelalter (1968) 270 Ipsi canamus melos glorię, effecti celibes, exules actu carnis : we sylfe singan lofa wuldres gewordene clæne ælþeodige for [prob. read fram] dæde flæsces.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 178 Ich halsi ow..as elþeodie [a1250 Titus elðeodi, a1250 Nero unkuðe] & pilegrimes [L. aduenas & peregrinos].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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adj.n.OE
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