altheradj.

Brit.

/ˈɔːlðə/, U.S.

/ˈɔlðər/,

/ˈɑlðər/

Forms:

α. early Middle English alra, early Middle English eallre, Middle English alre.

β. early Middle English aldre, Middle English alder, Middle English alþer, Middle English (1900s– archaic) alther, late Middle English allether, late Middle English altheyr.

γ. Middle English aller, late Middle English allere.

δ. late Middle English al ther.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: all adj.

Etymology: < the genitive plural of all adj. Compare alder- prefix and also allers adj.Originally, in Old English (compare quots. OE¹, OE², OE³ at α. ) showing use of the regular genitive plural form of all adj. (West Saxon ealra , Anglian alra ) in agreement with a preceding plural personal pronoun in the genitive (see our pron. 1, your pron. 1, her pron.¹, their pron. 1). In Old English the inverted order, with position of all adj. before the genitive of the personal pronoun, is also attested:eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxiv. 340 Heo..hire sægde ealra heora modur Hilde abbudissan þa of worulde geleoran.OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) vi. 227 We sceolon of deaðe arisan, & agyldan gode gescead ealra ure geþohta.a1300 ( Will of Wulfgyð (Sawyer 1535) in D. Whitelock Anglo-Saxon Wills (1930) 84 Vor mine saule and vor Elfwines mines louerdes and for alre mine berne.For a similar construction compare classical Latin omnium nostrum , omnium vestrum (in e.g. omnium nostrum fortuna (Livy 25. 38. 2), parēns omnium nostrum (Cicero Catiline 1. 7. 17), omnium vestrum studium (Cicero De Oratore 3. 10. 37)). In Middle English the loss of adjectival inflection and of the genitive case in personal pronouns eventually led to the reanalysis of the construction as possessive adjective followed by a separate adjective, although it is difficult to determine in which of the quotations cited below that reanalysis has already taken place. For discussion of the history of the attested form types see alder- prefix.

archaic and rare after Middle English.

Of or belonging to all the people specified. In early use following the genitive of a plural personal pronoun; in later use following a plural possessive adjective. Cf. all adj. 5, allers adj.The construction has been effectively obsolete since Middle English, being replaced by a construction in which all precedes a plural possessive adjective (see all adj. 5) or, more commonly, a phrase, such as ‘of us all’, ‘of all of you’, ‘belonging to them all’, etc.Quot. 1922 at β. is an isolated modern example, alluding to quot. 1485 at δ. .

ΚΠ

α.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) ix. 35 Gif eower hwylc wyle beon fyrmest, beo se eaðmodust & eower ealra þen.

OE Paris Psalter (1932) lxxxvi. 6 Ure ealra bliss eardhæbbendra on anum þe ece standeð.

OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 59 Hyre nama wæs Eua, ure ealra modor.]

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7491 Vreallre land iss paradis.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 213 Þat is ure alre wune.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 21 Þah ure an heofde idon eower alre sunne.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 74 Ȝe schulen..iseon..him ofer ham þe blisseð ham alle & is hare alre crune.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 22 Eue vre alre moder.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2884 By-for hure alre siȝt.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxii. l. 473 (MED) Ich am ȝoure alre hefd.

β. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2926 Here aldre heuedes he of bot.c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 3514 A gret kours þar was do grede For to saien here alþer stede.a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 289 (MED) Þe fend..is þer alþer-kyng.1479 R. Ricart Maire of Bristowe is Kalendar (1872) 71 In you hath bene trewe obedience to kepe the king our alther liege lorde is lawes.c1500 (a1475) J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Claud.) (1885) 156 The harmes..beth now bi hym turned into our altheyr goode and profite. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses 381 This good sister..begged them at the reverence of Jesu our alther liege lord to leave their wassailing.γ. c1390 Talkyng of Love of God (Vernon) (1950) 14 (MED) Þees is þe foule corselyng þat haþ vr aller makere..so schomeliche offendet.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18766 He stei up in þair aller sight.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. l. 205 Adam owre aller fader.c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 823 Vp roos oure hoost and was oure aller [v.rr. alþer, alder] cok.1442 in A. H. Thompson Visitations Relig. Houses Diocese Lincoln (1927) III. 230 We commaunde..by your allere assent that..ye all ete to gedre in one house.1532 (a1475) J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Digby 145) in J. Fortescue-Aland Difference between Absolute & Limited Monarchy (1714) xix. 144 The Harmes..ben now by hym turnyd into our aller Good.δ. 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) iv. xi. sig. g.ij^v This noble knyghte that I haue foughten with all..is hym self kynge Arthur our al ther liege lord [a1470 Winch. Coll. oure all lyege lorde].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alther
释义	altheradj. Brit. /ˈɔːlðə/, U.S. /ˈɔlðər/, /ˈɑlðər/ Forms: α. early Middle English alra, early Middle English eallre, Middle English alre. β. early Middle English aldre, Middle English alder, Middle English alþer, Middle English (1900s– archaic) alther, late Middle English allether, late Middle English altheyr. γ. Middle English aller, late Middle English allere. δ. late Middle English al ther. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: all adj. Etymology: < the genitive plural of all adj. Compare alder- prefix and also allers adj.Originally, in Old English (compare quots. OE¹, OE², OE³ at α. ) showing use of the regular genitive plural form of all adj. (West Saxon ealra , Anglian alra ) in agreement with a preceding plural personal pronoun in the genitive (see our pron. 1, your pron. 1, her pron.¹, their pron. 1). In Old English the inverted order, with position of all adj. before the genitive of the personal pronoun, is also attested:eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxiv. 340 Heo..hire sægde ealra heora modur Hilde abbudissan þa of worulde geleoran.OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) vi. 227 We sceolon of deaðe arisan, & agyldan gode gescead ealra ure geþohta.a1300 ( Will of Wulfgyð (Sawyer 1535) in D. Whitelock Anglo-Saxon Wills (1930) 84 Vor mine saule and vor Elfwines mines louerdes and for alre mine berne.For a similar construction compare classical Latin omnium nostrum , omnium vestrum (in e.g. omnium nostrum fortuna (Livy 25. 38. 2), parēns omnium nostrum (Cicero Catiline 1. 7. 17), omnium vestrum studium (Cicero De Oratore 3. 10. 37)). In Middle English the loss of adjectival inflection and of the genitive case in personal pronouns eventually led to the reanalysis of the construction as possessive adjective followed by a separate adjective, although it is difficult to determine in which of the quotations cited below that reanalysis has already taken place. For discussion of the history of the attested form types see alder- prefix. archaic and rare after Middle English. Of or belonging to all the people specified. In early use following the genitive of a plural personal pronoun; in later use following a plural possessive adjective. Cf. all adj. 5, allers adj.The construction has been effectively obsolete since Middle English, being replaced by a construction in which all precedes a plural possessive adjective (see all adj. 5) or, more commonly, a phrase, such as ‘of us all’, ‘of all of you’, ‘belonging to them all’, etc.Quot. 1922 at β. is an isolated modern example, alluding to quot. 1485 at δ. . ΚΠ α. OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) ix. 35 Gif eower hwylc wyle beon fyrmest, beo se eaðmodust & eower ealra þen. OE Paris Psalter (1932) lxxxvi. 6 Ure ealra bliss eardhæbbendra on anum þe ece standeð. OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 59 Hyre nama wæs Eua, ure ealra modor.] c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7491 Vreallre land iss paradis. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 213 Þat is ure alre wune. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 21 Þah ure an heofde idon eower alre sunne. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 74 Ȝe schulen..iseon..him ofer ham þe blisseð ham alle & is hare alre crune. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 22 Eue vre alre moder. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2884 By-for hure alre siȝt. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxii. l. 473 (MED) Ich am ȝoure alre hefd. β. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2926 Here aldre heuedes he of bot.c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 3514 A gret kours þar was do grede For to saien here alþer stede.a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 289 (MED) Þe fend..is þer alþer-kyng.1479 R. Ricart Maire of Bristowe is Kalendar (1872) 71 In you hath bene trewe obedience to kepe the king our alther liege lorde is lawes.c1500 (a1475) J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Claud.) (1885) 156 The harmes..beth now bi hym turned into our altheyr goode and profite. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses 381 This good sister..begged them at the reverence of Jesu our alther liege lord to leave their wassailing.γ. c1390 Talkyng of Love of God (Vernon) (1950) 14 (MED) Þees is þe foule corselyng þat haþ vr aller makere..so schomeliche offendet.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18766 He stei up in þair aller sight.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. l. 205 Adam owre aller fader.c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 823 Vp roos oure hoost and was oure aller [v.rr. alþer, alder] cok.1442 in A. H. Thompson Visitations Relig. Houses Diocese Lincoln (1927) III. 230 We commaunde..by your allere assent that..ye all ete to gedre in one house.1532 (a1475) J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Digby 145) in J. Fortescue-Aland Difference between Absolute & Limited Monarchy (1714) xix. 144 The Harmes..ben now by hym turnyd into our aller Good.δ. 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) iv. xi. sig. g.ij^v This noble knyghte that I haue foughten with all..is hym self kynge Arthur our al ther liege lord [a1470 Winch. Coll. oure all lyege lorde]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c1175
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