flamen.adj.
/fleɪm/, U.S. /fleɪm/ 1. Vapour heated to the point of combustion; ignited gas. Also, †flame of fire.† f. vital flame (see quot. 1706). Obsolete in scientific use.
a. without plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > flame or blaze
leye971
blazeOE
lowec1175
flamec1384
fire-flamea1450
burning1695
c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame ii. 261 Flaumbe ys but lyghted smoke.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) x. iv. 376 Flamme is fyre in ayry matere.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) viii. 29 Oute of þe whilk commes flawme of fire.
1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 23 Where earthquakes haue been, great aboundaunce of smoke, flame, & ashes, is cast out.
1678 T. Hobbes Decameron Physiologicum vi. 60 Flame is nothing but a multitude of Sparks.
1704 I. Newton Opticks iii. i. 134 Is not flame a vapour, fume or exhalation heated red hot, that is, so hot as to shine?
1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxv. 368 Flame consists of particles of carbon brought to a white heat,—an opinion of Sir Humphry Davy's.
b. with plural: A portion of ignited vapour, often spire-like or tongue-like. †to put to flames: to set on fire.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > flame or blaze > a flame
steamc1300
flamea1340
open flame1861
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxviii. [xxix.] 7 Þe voice of lord sherand þe flaume of fire.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xvii. 239 Þe weyke and fyre wil make a warme flaumbe.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xlviii. l. 174 Fir and flambes they Casten Echedel vppon Moys there that he sat.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxiv. 221 His vysage became lyke a flame of fyer.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12009 Flammes of fyre fuerse to behold.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 139 Thrice to the vaulted Roof the Flames aspire. View more context for this quotation
1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. iv. 272 The flames ascended above my head.
1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. II. 245 The acid burns with a blue flame.
1874 J. Morley On Compromise 13 The sky of Paris was red with the incendiary flames of the Commune.
c. figurative (see also 6.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [noun]
heatc825
earnestOE
fervour1340
ardourc1386
fever heata1398
burning1398
lowea1425
fervencec1430
ferventnessc1430
flame1548
ardency1549
fervency1554
fire1579
calenture1596
inflammation1600
warmth1600
brimstonea1616
incandescence1656
fervidness1692
candency1723
glow1748
white heat1814
hwyl1899
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cliiij The inhabitauntes..perceyuing, that the greate flamme of the Englishe force was extinct and consumid.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. ii. 59 Let me not liue..After my flame lackes oyle. View more context for this quotation
1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood ii. i. 61 Saint Hierome, the..cleare flame of the Church.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 83 War's great flame he shall kindle in Italy.
d. plural (with the) = fire. Chiefly with reference to death or destruction by burning. Phrase, to commit to the flames.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > hair > colour of hair > [noun] > red
amber-bush1607
carrots?1671
flame1817
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 249/2 The blessid chyldren wente thorugh the flambes.
1656 A. Cowley Misc. 10 in Poems Pity him Jove, and his bold Theft allow, The flames he once stole from thee grant him now.
1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 55. 354 He was put into the flames with the General Acclamation of the Multitude.
1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity II. ix. 191 Ziska..condemned the rest to the flames.
1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna xii. xxv. 262 When the consuming flames had wrapt ye round.
e. with reference to hell or purgatory.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > hell > [noun] > fire of
hell-fireeOE
fireOE
flamec1384
hell's kitchen1694
the world > the supernatural > deity > hell > [noun] > purgatory > fire of
flamec1384
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xvi. 24 Send Lazarus, that he..kele my tunge; for I am turmentid in this flawme.
c1575 W. Fulke Confut. Doctr. Purgatory (1577) 182 To quench the flambes of purgatory.
1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 304 By hellish flams thy soule..devoured bee.
1832 Ld. Tennyson Sisters 7 She died: she went to burning flame.
ΚΠ
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Vital Flame, a kind of subtil gentle kindled Heat which some suppose to be in the Heart of Living-Creatures.
2. The condition of visible combustion. In phrases, on flame, †on or of a flame, in a flame, in flames: blazing, on fire; transferred of a wound, etc., inflamed; figurative inflamed with anger, passion, or zeal. Also to put or set on or in (†a) flame, to burst into flame(s, etc. See also aflame adv. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > ablaze or aflame [phrase]
in (also on) (a) lowec1175
on blaze1393
on or of a flame1490
on flame1656
in flames1697
in a flame1817
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective] > inflamed with passion
fire-hotOE
eschaufedc1374
on firea1393
inflammatec1450
inflamed1526
enkindled1549
boiling1579
seething1590
heated1595
red-hot1598
aflame1632
on flame1656
ablaze1819
burnt1859
incandescent1859
the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [adjective] > (of love) ardent or passionate
ardentc1374
rapta1500
passionate1534
feverous1576
on flame1656
ardurousa1770
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > inflammation > [adjective]
scaldedc1450
angryc1500
inflammate1583
inflamed1599
fiery1600
blazed1631
in a flame1658
inflammatory1732
phlogistic1732
angered1753
fretful1804
phlogotic1817
phlogosed1830
phlegmatous1854
inflammablea1862
phlogogenic1881
phlogogenous1890
phlogogenetic1891
stormy1899
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adverb] > in inflamed manner
afirec1384
inflamedly1637
in a flame1790
aflame1879
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective] > inflamed with passion > of the eyes or face
fieryc1390
in a flame1790
the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > [adjective] > looking angry > of the face: flushed with anger
red1614
in a flame1790
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos ii. 14 The cyte was cruelly sette a fyre, and on a flamm.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 297 Redolent gums..incendiated or put to flames, wherein the dead body is laid.
1652 J. Wadsworth tr. P. de Sandoval Civil Wars Spain 351 The timber of the Church taking fire therewith, all was immediately of a flame.
1656 A. Cowley Mistress (new ed.) 15 in Poems [My heart] 'tis all on flame.
1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid iii. i. 220 If a wound be in a flame when drest.
1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads xii. 182 Trojans come on, and break me down this Wall, and set the Argives hollow ships on flame.
1685 J. Crowne Sir Courtly Nice v. 49 What a flame had your negligence put me into.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 116 They found their Boat all in flames.
1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 50 The Town..was all on a Flame.
1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 12 Unknown those powers that raise the soul to flame.
1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 74 Setting the nation in a flame against the Minister.
1790 J. Willock Voy. diverse parts 11 Immediately his face was all over in a flame.
1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iii. xvi. 65 Below the smoke of roofs involved in flame.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vi. 140 The day..Now set a wrathful Dian's moon on flame.
1879 M. Pattison Milton 53 Once, at twenty, he [Milton] was all on flame by the casual meeting..with a damsel.
3. transferred.
a. A bright beam or ray of light (esp. from a heavenly body).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > naturally occurring light > [noun] > starlight > ray of
streamc1368
flamec1374
starbeama1400
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. Metr. iii. 39 Þe flamus of þe sonne þat ouer comeþ þe sterre lyȝt.
1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 132 These starres..cast from them flambes in maner of heares.
1611 Bible (King James) Wisd. xvii. 5 Neither could the bright flames of the starres endure to lighten that horrible night. View more context for this quotation
1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 17 Where clearer Flames glow round the frozen Pole.
1843 H. W. Longfellow Spanish Student iii. v. 145 When the moon began To show her silver flame.
1877 W. C. Bryant Little People in Poems 184 The northern lights, such as thou seest In the midwinter nights, cold, wandering flames.
b. Applied humorously to ‘red’ hair. Also to one who has such hair. Cf. carrot n. 3.
ΚΠ
1823 ‘J. Bee’ Slang Flames, red haired people receive this appellation..‘vho should I fling my precious ogles upon but Flames—she as lived at the Blue Posts?’
1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 170 Red heads attract a barrage of nicknames:..fire head, flame, flarey, [etc.].
4. figurative. Bright or glowing light; brilliance, brilliant colouring.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [noun] > brilliance
alightingeOE
cleretea1340
blasenessa1398
clarityc1400
splendourc1450
resplendishure?1473
resplendour?1473
resplendence?a1475
resplendishing1479
flamingc1540
blazing1563
blaze1586
fulgence1592
fulgoura1600
resplendency1599
splendence1604
nitor1607
refulgence1624
refulgency?1624
fulgurea1634
fulgency1643
fulgidity1656
lucency1656
transplendency1664
vividness1668
brillant1676
shiningness1703
fulgurity1721
vivacity1735
brilliancy1747
brilliance1755
flame1800
éclata1806
vividity1813
prefulgence1892
the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [noun] > vividness or brightness
brightnessa1475
livelihood1566
floridness1661
vividness1668
liveliness1713
vivacity1735
splendour1774
flame1800
vividity1813
luridness1864
1800 W. Cowper Friendship in Poems (new ed.) 411 That jewel of the purest flame.
1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl II. 162 The flame of roses burns on every handsbreadth of untilled ground.
5. Something resembling a flame of fire:† a. A flame-shaped ornament.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
b. A streak or patch of colour or the like.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > patch of colour > [noun]
patch1557
flame1602
flaming1703
stain1712
flash1972
1602 W. Segar Honor Mil. & Civill ii. xvii. 88 Mantelets of greene cloth of siluer..bordered about with flambes of golde.
1680 London Gaz. No. 1562/4 A Bright Bay Gelding..a white Flame from the Forehead almost to the Nostrils.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas vi, in Posthumous Poems (1824) 31 The sly serpent, in the golden flame Of his own volumes intervolved.
1888 M. E. Braddon Fatal Three I. vi. 114 Yellow stonecrop made a flame of colour on the top.
c. The colour of flame, flame-red.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > orange red
orange-red1601
nacarat1684
flame1711
iron-reda1728
morning-red1805
orange-scarlet1824
orange-crimson1859
rouge de fer1872
flame-red1906
pimento red1921
persimmon1930
paprika1934
1711 tr. H. van Oosten Dutch Gardener (ed. 2) iii. xiv. 151 The Fire..in this Plant [sc. tulip], leaves only its own Colour, which is Flame or Gold.
1921 Queen 13 Aug. 198 The buds are of extraordinarily deep colour with a suggestion of flame.
1923 Daily Mail 16 July 16 In Peach, Brown, Mastic, Royal, Flame, Gold.
1971 Rose Ann. 192 Mojave. 1954. Deep orange and reddish flame.
1971 Rose Ann. 197 Shepherd's Delight. 1958. Flame, orange and yellow.
6. In certain figurative applications of sense 1.† c. Brightness of fancy, power of genius, vigour of thought. Obsolete.
a. A burning feeling or passion, esp. of love: to fan the flame: to heighten its intensity by artificial or artful means.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [noun] > a burning feeling of passion
heatc825
leye971
flamea1340
fire1340
swelmea1400
wildfirea1400
burning1822
the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [noun] > ardour of passion > (of love) a flame or burning passion
fireeOE
flamea1340
flaughena1634
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > heighten intensity of passion
to blow the coals?a1500
to stir the coals1539
to fan the flame1800
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxxxvii. 1 Alle kyndul þou in þe flawme of þi luf.
c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋279 Thanne feeleth he anoon a flambe of delit.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 213 Thre flaumbes of charyte.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 207 So true a flame of liking. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 807 Abdiel..Stood up, and in a flame of zeale severe The current of his fury thus oppos'd. View more context for this quotation
1708 N. Rowe Royal Convert Prol. The same Flame, by different Ways express'd, Glows in the Heroe's and the Poet's Breast.
1712 A. Pope tr. Ovid Sapho to Phaon in tr. Ovid Epist. (ed. 8) 8 Ah Youth ungrateful to a Flame like mine!
1783 J. O'Keeffe Birth-day 17 The lovely town-bred dame, Dear cause of many a flame.
1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family IV. 212 I..neglected no opportunity of fanning the flame.
1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. iii. 69 She seemed With love's first flame to glow.
1885 M. Collins Prettiest Woman in Warsaw I. ix. 136 This flame of ardent ambition kept her alive.
b. quasi-concrete. The object of one's love. Formerly poetic; now only jocular.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > object on which love is centred
flame1647
love1734
objet1847
love object1869
1647 A. Cowley Echo in Mistress ii Thy flame, whilst living,..Was of less beauty.
1709 M. Prior Poems Several Occasions 85 Euphelia serves to grace my Measure; But Cloe is my real Flame.
a1760 I. H. Browne Poems (1768) 109 My earliest flame, to whom I owe All that a Captain needs to know.
1807 Salmagundi 19 Sept. 299 This little damsel..was my uncle John's third flame.
1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. II. 254 Her heart remains faithful to her old flame,..the doctor.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > high intelligence, genius > [noun]
wit1297
ingeny1474
inginea1522
ingenuity1600
flame1642
genius1749
iridescency1799
iridescence1803
brilliance1807
brilliancy1842
superintelligence1876
ingenium1879
1642 J. Denham Cooper's Hill 5 As thine his fate, if mine had beene his [Homer's] Flame.
1672 Duke of Buckingham Rehearsal i. 7 Persons of Quality..that understand what Flame and Power in writing is.
1702 N. Rowe Tamerlane Prol. Like him (tho' much unequal to his Flame) Our Author makes a pious Prince his Theme.
7. A name of a variety of carnation. (See quot. 1727.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > pinks or carnations
gillyflower1517
carnation1538
clove gillyflower1538
incarnation1538
William1538
pink1566
John1572
Indian eye1573
sops-in-wine1573
sweet John1573
sweet-william1573
tuft gillyflower1573
Colmenier1578
small honesty1578
tol-me-neer1578
London tuft1597
maidenly pink1597
mountain pink1597
clove-carnation1605
musk-gillyflower1607
London pride1629
pride of London1629
maiden pink1650
Indian pink1664
Spanish pink1664
pheasant's eye pink1718
flake1727
flame1727
picotee1727
old man's head1731
painted lady1731
piquet1731
China-pink1736
clove1746
wild pink1753
lime-wort1777
matted thrift1792
clove-pink1837
Cheddar Pink1843
Dianthus1849
bunch pink1857
perpetual-flowering carnation1861
cliff pink1863
meadow pink1866
musk carnation1866
Jack1873
wax-pink1891
Malmaison1892
grenadin1904
1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Carnation The Flames have a red Ground always strip'd with Black or very dark Colours.
1904 R. P. Brotherston Bk. Carnation 17 In this section the old Flames (French, Flamand are now included.
8. A name given to certain British moths.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > geometra rubiadata (flame)
flame1819
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > genus Noctua or Cucullia > noctua putris (flame)
flame1819
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > anticlea rubidaria (flame)
flame1862
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 399 Noctua putris, the Flame.
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 422 Geometra rubiadata, the Flame.
1862 F. O. Morris Brit. Moths II. 15 Anticlea rubidaria, the Flame.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a. Simple attributive.
flame-banner n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > flame or blaze > elongated
spirec1450
streamer1758
flame-banner1880
1880 Ld. Tennyson Columbus in Ballads & Other Poems 79 The great flame-banner borne by Teneriffe.
flame-heat n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > flaming heat
fieriness?a1425
flame-heat1815
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 11 In changing the form of iron, the white flame heat is used.
flame-lamp n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > mining equipment > [noun] > lamp
pitman candle1658
fire lamp1769
steel mill1772
safe lamp1815
safe lantern1815
safety lamp1815
safety lantern1815
safe light1816
Davy1817
lamp1839
Geordie1844
pit lamp1860
flame-lamp1888
the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > with a protected flame > with an unprotected flame
flame-lamp1888
flare-lamp1891
1888 Daily News 10 May 3/1 Miners' electric lamps..so convenient..that it would really seem to be nothing short of criminal folly to run the slightest risk with flame lamps.
flame-light n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > artificial light > [noun] > light from a fire
firelightOE
fire-leamOE
flame-light1611
fireshine?1614
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > inspiration or revelation > [noun]
lightOE
lightingOE
inspiration1303
illuminationsc1340
inyettingc1340
revelationc1384
oraclec1425
revealingc1429
informationc1450
infusionc1450
illustrationc1480
gospel1481
aspirationc1534
illuminating1561
afflation1576
entheos1594
enthusiasm1595
flame-light1611
illapse1614
inspirement1616
spiration1629
respirationa1631
irradiation1631
income1647
afflatus1649
theopneustian1660
entheasm1752
prana1785
inflation1835
theopneusty1847
inflatusa1861
theopneustia1894
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. ix. 204/1 The search of Tyrants by the flame-light of Persecutions.
1921 W. de la Mare Crossings 47 A fire-place, its brass and steel merrily twinkling in the flame-light.
1923 D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers (N.Y. ed.) 137 Three great elephants..in the torch-light, Slowly sailing in gorgeous apparel through the flame-light.
flame-signal n.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal
fire signal1698
flame-signal1826
1826 F. D. Hemans League of Alps xxvi Flame-signals through the midnight sprung.
flame-tongue n.
ΚΠ
1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda IV. viii. lxiv. 260 Where the flowers are no better than a crop of flame-tongues burning the soles of our feet.
b. Objective.
(a)
flame-breathing adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [adjective] > of the nature of or resembling flame > flaming or blazing > emitting flames or fire
fire-burningc1275
fire-foaming1552
fire-mouthed1590
fire-spitting1590
fire-breathing1592
ignivomous1603
flame-darting1608
flame-snortinga1618
flame-breathing1626
flammivomous1663
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis vii. 132 Flame-breathing buls you tam'd.
flame-darting adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [adjective] > of the nature of or resembling flame > flaming or blazing > emitting flames or fire
fire-burningc1275
fire-foaming1552
fire-mouthed1590
fire-spitting1590
fire-breathing1592
ignivomous1603
flame-darting1608
flame-snortinga1618
flame-breathing1626
flammivomous1663
1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 92 The Welkin's studded with new Blazing-Stars, Flame-darting Lances.
flame-snorting adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [adjective] > of the nature of or resembling flame > flaming or blazing > emitting flames or fire
fire-burningc1275
fire-foaming1552
fire-mouthed1590
fire-spitting1590
fire-breathing1592
ignivomous1603
flame-darting1608
flame-snortinga1618
flame-breathing1626
flammivomous1663
a1618 J. Sylvester tr. Bethulians Rescue in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 974 Flame-snorting Phlegon's ruddy breath began, Reducing Day.
flame-throwing adj.
ΚΠ
1952 C. Day Lewis tr. Virgil Aeneid vi. 125 The flame-throwing Chimaera.
(b)
flame-devoted adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] > consuming by fire > being consumed by fire > about to be
flame-devoted1767
1767 W. L. Lewis tr. Statius Thebaid I. vi. 76 They crown with Cypress..the Flame-devoted Bier.
c. Instrumental and originative.
flame-bred adj.
ΚΠ
1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 51 If I liue, I liue her Flame-bred-Flie.
flame-burnt adj.
ΚΠ
1841 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 4 340/2 When the bricks were intended to be..flame-burnt,..no addition was made to the clay.
1917 D. H. Lawrence Look! We have come Through! 101 We near the flame-burnt porches.
flame-feathered adj.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 124 With his flame-feth'red arrow.
flame-flushed adj.
ΚΠ
1923 D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers (London ed.) 66 Flame-flushed, enraged, splendid salvia.
1937 W. de la Mare This Year, Next Year Its drowsy eye Fixed on the flame-flushed company.
flame-irradiated adj.
ΚΠ
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V xciii, in Poems (1878) IV. 124 High-wrought drosse Shines from his [the Sun's] flame-irradiated Earth.
flame-robed adj.
ΚΠ
1752 H. Moore To Mem. of Dr. Doddridge vii [He] midst the flame-rob'd Bands a Seraph glows.
flame-sparkling adj.
ΚΠ
1625 T. May tr. J. Barclay in K. Long tr. J. Barclay Argenis v. xx. 402 Thy chaste flame-sparkling eyes.
flame-tipped adj.
ΚΠ
1835 J. Keble Lyra Apost. xxi, in Brit. Mag. Feb. 138 Some flame-tipt arrow of th' Almighty falls.
flame-uplifted adj.
ΚΠ
1842 A. T. de Vere Song of Faith 52 The legion hands Of flame-uplifted Demons.
flame-winged adj.
ΚΠ
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis xiv. 302 Ioue..with flame-winged thunder earth affrights.
1881 D. G. Rossetti House of Life ix One flame-winged brought a white-winged harp-player.
d. Parasynthetic and similative.
(a)
flame-eyed adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > [adjective] > looking angry > having eyes red with anger
fire-eyed?1594
flame-eyed1609
1609 B. Jonson Masque of Queens in Wks. (Rtldg.) 568/2 Flame-ey'd Rage.
flame-faced adj.
ΚΠ
1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 50 That flame-faced patriot band.
flame-haired adj.
ΚΠ
a1626 W. Rowley Birth of Merlin (1662) sig. G1 Above yon flame-hair'd beam that upwards shoots, appears a Dragons head.
flame-like adj.
ΚΠ
1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 5v The Chrusoprase is..in the night time..flamelike, in the day time yelow.
flame-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1876 D. Wilson Prehist. Man (ed. 3) vii. 193 One flame-shaped arrow-head.
(b)
flame-like adv.
ΚΠ
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis xv. 321 Rouling about his eyes that flame-like blaz'd.
flame-wise adv.
ΚΠ
1865 A. C. Swinburne Atalanta in Calydon 37 My heart Takes fire and trembles flame~wise.
e. Limitative.
flame-proof adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [adjective] > fire-proof
fire-free1606
fireproof1610
flame-proof1886
flame-proofed1962
1886 Illustr. London News 2 Jan. 2/2 The materials had been made flame-proof.
C2.
a. Special combinations. † flame-god n. Obsolete ? the sun.
flame-bearer n. a book-name for the genus Selasphorus of hummingbirds, characterized by the great brilliancy of the gorgets of the males.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Apodiformes > [noun] > family Trochilidae (humming-bird) > unspecified and miscellaneous types of
zumbador1758
sunbeam1769
black warrior1831
hermit-bird1837
Anna's hummingbird1839
jacobin1843
straight-tail1843
vervain hummingbird1847
wedge-bill1848
fiery topaz1854
sungem1856
wood-star1859
calliope1861
rainbow1861
sabre-wing1861
sawbill1861
swallowtail1861
sword-bill1861
thorn-bill1861
visor-bearer1861
warrior1861
wood-nymph1861
puffleg1869
calliope hummingbird1872
flame-bearer1882
shear-tail1885
plature1890
rainbow starfrontlet1966
1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) The little flame-bearer (Selasphorus scintilla) inhabits the inner side of the extinct volcano Chiriqui, in Veragua.
flame-bed n. Steam-engine (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1859 W. J. M. Rankine Man. Steam Engine §304 The flame chamber..has often a floor of fire-brick, called the flame bed.
flame-box n. ‘sometimes applied to that portion of the shell of a steam boiler which contains the smoke or flame tubes’ (Lockwood 1892).
flame-bridge n. ‘a wall rising from the floor of a furnace to cause the flame to impinge upon the bottom of the boiler’ (Knight 1874).
flame-cap n. a pale cap-like appearance which the upper part of the flame of a safety-lamp or fire-damp indicator assumes, and which indicates the presence of gas.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > parts of
sink1440
snuff1611
turret1626
discus1680
oxidator1853
chimney1857
flame-cap1893
heat filter1898
bracket-light-
1893 Dublin Rev. July 653 The wick of the lamp has to be pulled down until the flame becomes pale and non-luminous. In this condition it is small and of low temperature, and therefore ill-suited to produce flame caps.
flame carpet n. the moth Coremia propugnaria.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types
high-flyer?1749
nonpareil1749
porphyry1819
satin carpet1819
satin pygmy1828
scopolian1829
chalk carpet1832
sieve lackey1832
sprawler1832
tissue1832
treble bar1832
treble gold stripe1832
vesper-beauty1832
viburnian1832
yellowhead1832
flame carpet1862
sting-moth1863
lilac moth1868
luna-moth1869
melon-caterpillar1884
wood-nymph1885
unicorn-moth1891
geometer moth1897
the suspected1908
porina1929
tomato pinworm1931
mopane worm1966
1862 F. O. Morris Brit. Moths II. 18 Coremia propugnaria, Flame Carpet.
flame-cell n. a small cavity in the excretory canal of a flat-worm (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Platyhelminthes > [noun] > member of > cavity in excretory canal of
flame-cell1888
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 537/1 The spaces between the round connective-tissue cells of the body are star-shaped in form, and into these the finest excretory tubules..open by funnels, into each of which projects a vibratile cilium, thus constituting the so-called ‘flame-cells’.
flame-chamber n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1859 W. J. M. Rankine Man. Steam Engine §304 The flame-chamber, being the space immediately behind the bridge in which the combustion of the inflammable gases that pass over the bridge is or ought to be completed.
flame-engine n. ‘an early name for the gas-engine, in which the piston is moved by the expansion due to the sudden combustion of a body of gas in the cylinder’ (Knight 1874).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > gas
gas engine1820
flame-engine1862
gas turbine1885
1862 Atlantic Monthly July 70/2 Ericsson..soon discovered that his flame-engine, when worked by the combustion of mineral coals, was [etc.]
flame float n. a buoyant pyrotechnic device used for illumination or as a signal, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > pyrotechnic signals
blue light1761
fire shell1765
Indian light1787
Bengal light1791
Indian fire1831
flare-up light1858
flare1883
Very1907
fairy light1916
Aldis lamp1917
Aldis1918
Bengal fire1941
flame float1942
Bengal flash1946
1942 T. Rattigan Flare Path ii. ii. 135 It got in the way of a flame float I was throwing out.
1943 ‘T. Dudley-Gordon’ Coastal Command xvii. 167 They hurriedly signalled her [sc. the ship] to the spot, dropping flame floats all round the U-boat.
1946 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 50 49/2 At night, flame floats were dropped to observe wind.
flame-flue n. ‘the combustion flue of a horizontal boiler, so named to distinguish it from the smoke or return flues which are built in brick-work’ (Lockwood 1892).
flame-furnace n. a furnace in which the ore or metal is exposed to the action of flame, but is not in contact with the fuel.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > types of furnace by method of operation
lamp-furnace1651
wind-furnace1651
reverbatory1656
blast furnace1706
revolver1879
run-out1881
flame-furnace1888
producer1890
resistance furnace1897
induction furnace1907
suction plant1909
high-frequency induction furnace1918
solar furnace1924
roller hearth furnace1927
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Flame-furnace, a reverberatory furnace.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sun > [noun]
lightOE
sunOE
Phoebusc1275
the sheenc1400
Titana1413
solc1450
wheel1558
day-sun1570
day star1596
king of day1596
flame-god1598
Aten1877
the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > specific thing as > the sun as
sunOE
sun god?1592
flame-god1598
sun goddess1839
Aten1877
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. ii. sig. C I thinke the blind doth see, the flame God rise From Sisters couch, each morning to the skies.
flame gun n. a flame-throwing gun, used to destroy weeds, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > weeding tools
weed hookeOE
weeding hook1378
weedera1425
brier-crook1483
tongs?1523
weeding knife1598
broom-hook1660
weeder knifea1796
shovel-plough1801
extirpator1807
shovel-cultivator1869
thistle-digger1877
thistle-spud1896
thistle-cutter1901
flamethrower1915
flame gun1931
weed cutter2000
1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Oct. 743/3 Flame guns which had at first been..used against them [sc. locusts].
1948 Times 20 Mar. 6/7 Even a flame-gun has been devised for their [weeds'] destruction.
1952 E. R. Janes Flower Garden 51 Seedlings..looking as if they had been scorched by a flame gun.
flame-kiln n. (cf. flame-furnace n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > lime-kilns
lime-kiln1296
lime-pot1596
pot kiln1599
flame-kiln1808
tunnel-kiln1828
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon i. 28 This limestone..is burnt in what are called flame-kilns.
flame machine n. = flamethrower n. (a).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > flame-thrower
flame projector1915
flamethrower1915
flammenwerfer1915
flame machine1917
wasp1944
1917 Times 19 Feb. 7/2 The Germans have used flame machines for the first time in the Balkans.
flame manometer n. rare = manometric capsule n. at manometric adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > science of sound > vibration > instrument for analysing vibration > [noun]
sonometer1802
siren1822
sirenea1830
opeidoscope1873
flame manometer1875
manometric capsule1879
wave-siren1881
pitch meter1947
1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 115/2 The Flame Manometer.
flame-plate v. [as a back-formation]
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > coat or cover with metal > with specific metal
tin1398
leadc1440
ironc1450
lay1472
copper1530
braze1552
silverize1605
foliate1665
plate1686
whiten1687
foil1714
blanch1729
quicken1738
amalgam1789
quick1790
aluminize1791
plate1791
zincify1801
platinize1825
resilver1832
galvanize1839
electroplate1843
zinc1843
electro-silver1851
platinate1858
electrotin1859
white-lead1863
palladiumize1864
white-metal1864
brassc1865
nickelize1865
nickel-plate1872
nickel1875
stopper1884
electro1891
sherardize1904
steel1911
stellite1934
flame-plate1954
steel-face1961
1954 Steel 5 Apr. 130/3 Productive life of steel core rods has been increased..by having them flame-plated.
1959 Engineering 9 Jan. 59/1 A leading American cable company has saved over $1,500 per year..by having its aluminium alloy pulleys flame-plated to increase their wear resistance.
flame-plates n. the top or crown plates of a boiler flue or fire-box (Lockwood 1888).
flame-plating n. Engineering (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > coating with metal > with specific metals
leadingc1440
tinningc1440
foilinga1582
quickening1738
electroplating1840
zincing1841
retinning1843
palladiumizinga1851
acierage1852
platinizing1853
nickelization1857
quicking1863
brassingc1865
copperingc1865
nickel plating1870
nickelling1875
steel-facing1884
brazing1886
aluminizing1890
sherardizing1901
calorizing1930
aluminization1932
stelliting1934
anodizing1936
anodization1952
flame-plating1954
1954 Steel 5 Apr. 130/3 Flame-plating is a method of applying tungsten carbide to metal parts... Low temperature deposition is a major advantage of this new process.
1956 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 184 100/1 Flame-plating is a process whereby layers of tungsten carbide/cobalt..may be applied, by powder deposition, to a wide variety of base metals.
1959 Engineering 9 Jan. 59/1 The flame-plating process is a surfacing operation in which particles of tungsten carbide are blasted on to the surface of the workpiece.
flame projector n. = flamethrower n. (a).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > flame-thrower
flame projector1915
flamethrower1915
flammenwerfer1915
flame machine1917
wasp1944
1915 War Illustr. 4 Sept. 70 German ‘Flammenwerfer’ (flame-projector) in action.
flame-proof v. (transitive) to render flame-proof (Webster 1934).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > incombustible [verb (transitive)] > make flame-proof
flame-proof1955
1955 Sci. News Let. 27 Aug. 143/3 Chemicals..used..for flame-proofing cotton.
flame-proofed adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [adjective] > fire-proof
fire-free1606
fireproof1610
flame-proof1886
flame-proofed1962
1962 Listener 25 Jan. 198/2 Most electric blankets are now made of flame-proofed fabric.
flame-proofing n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [noun] > making fire-proof
fireproofing1838
flame-proofing1929
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [adjective] > fire-proof > that renders
flame-proofing1929
1929 Chem. Abstr. 4353 (heading) Waterproofing and flameproofing composition for use on textile fabrics.
1938 Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 332/1 A new flame-proofing material for textile fabrics and paper was announced.
1963 A. J. Hall Student's Handbk. Textile Sci. V. 257 The flameproofing of textile materials has in recent years aroused considerable attention.
flame-red adj. and n. (of) a vivid orange-red shade.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > orange-red
redeOE
fire-reda1382
flame-red1382
flammid1610
flammeous1656
orange-red1796
iron-red1798
pimento1921
pimiento1963
flame1970
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > orange red
orange-red1601
nacarat1684
flame1711
iron-reda1728
morning-red1805
orange-scarlet1824
orange-crimson1859
rouge de fer1872
flame-red1906
pimento red1921
persimmon1930
paprika1934
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xiv. 4 Flawm reed silk.
1906 L. Claremont Gem-cutter's Craft 77 The beautiful ‘flame red’ variety which displays the extraordinary effect of a burning coal.
1956 G. Durrell My Family & Other Animals ii. 28 Roses dropped petals that seemed as big and smooth as saucers, flame-red.., glossy and unwrinkled.
flame-resistance n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [noun] > resistance to flames
flame-resistance1959
1959 B.S.I. News May 6/1 The durability of flame-resistance of such treated fabrics can be seriously affected by washing.
flame-resistant adj. not readily inflammable.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [adjective] > fire-resistant
fire-resisting1612
fire-resistant1853
flame-resistant1947
flame-retardant1947
1947 Amer. Dyestuff Reporter 36 135/2 A flame-resistant or flame-retardant fabric is one which ‘exhibits appreciable resistance to afterflaming’.
1959 Listener 16 Apr. 695/2 A textile that is claimed to be flame resistant.
1961 B.S.I. News Nov. 9/2 The law makes it an offence to sell fabrics and garments as flame-proof or flame-resistant unless they comply with these standards.
flame-retardant adj. = flame-resistant adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [adjective] > fire-resistant
fire-resisting1612
fire-resistant1853
flame-resistant1947
flame-retardant1947
1947Flame-retardant [see flame-resistant adj.].
1966 Listener 15 Dec. 893/2 Thanks to the flame-retardant finish, which public health authorities insist on, the paper dress will char but not flare up when a lighted match is held to it.
flame-shoulder n. the moth Noctua plecta.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > ochrepleura plecta
flame-shoulder1862
1862 F. O. Morris Brit. Moths II. 141 Noctua plecta, Flame-shoulder.
flame spectrum n. a spectrum of the light produced when a substance is vaporized in an otherwise non-luminous flame.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > chromatism > [noun] > spectrum > types of
Fraunhofer spectrum1837
gas spectrum1859
interference spectrum1860
flame spectrum1862
absorption spectrum1864
fluorescence spectrum1867
band spectrum1869
comparison spectrum1877
infra-red1881
emission spectrum1888
X-ray spectrum1910
1862 Chem. News 26 Apr. 234/1 The broad band in the flame-spectrum of calcium named Ca β, is replaced in the spectrum of the intense calcium-spark by five green lines.
1907 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 79 243 The spectra of the glow from metallic vapours have been photographed repeatedly in the oxy~hydrogen flame spectra of all the alkali metal salts.
1962 R. E. Dodd Chem. Spectrosc. i. 12 Flame spectra are..either line spectra of neutral atoms or bands of very closely spaced lines arising from molecules.
flamethrower n. [compare German Flammenwerfer flammenwerfer n.] (a) a hand-held or vehicle-mounted weapon consisting of a fuel reservoir and a firing mechanism, from which a jet of burning liquid can be projected towards an enemy or combat target; cf. flammenwerfer n.; (b) a similar device designed for non-military use, such as destroying vegetation or street debris; cf. flame gun n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > weeding tools
weed hookeOE
weeding hook1378
weedera1425
brier-crook1483
tongs?1523
weeding knife1598
broom-hook1660
weeder knifea1796
shovel-plough1801
extirpator1807
shovel-cultivator1869
thistle-digger1877
thistle-spud1896
thistle-cutter1901
flamethrower1915
flame gun1931
weed cutter2000
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > flame-thrower
flame projector1915
flamethrower1915
flammenwerfer1915
flame machine1917
wasp1944
1915 Times 30 Aug. 5/5 In these encounters were found two specimens of a new instrument of war which the Italians call ‘flame-throwers’.
1917 P. Gibbs Battles of Somme 178 There were eight of these flame-throwers brought against the Sussex lads.
1927 Sunday Express 1 May 7 Broadsides of machine-guns and flame-throwers.
1945 Reader's Digest Oct. 84/1 Flame throwers kill the weeds.
1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest 303 Those burned by flame throwers.
2013 C. Doctorow Homeland iii. 59 I saw her profile clearly now, silhouetted by the orange light of a flamethrower flaring a fireball into the night.
flame-trap n. (see quot. 19491).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > means of propulsion > [noun] > aircraft engine > jet engine > parts of
flame-trap1932
thrust augmentor1933
thrust spoiler1947
reheat1948
reverser1954
thrust reverser1954
1932 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 36 854 It seemed..that flame traps were one of the things they could leave off for the moment in their struggle against the weight of engines.
1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 11 Flame trap [Induction flame damper], a device fitted in the induction system to prevent the passage of flame in the event of a ‘backfire’ or ‘blow~back’.
1949 Hansard Commons 15 Mar. 1932 Can he tell the House whether the problem of flame traps for jet aircraft at night has been overcome?
flame-ware n. a type of cooking equipment, often of glass, that can withstand the heat of an open flame.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > ovenware
bakeware1916
oven glass1920
ovenware1921
flame-ware1938
1938 Trade Marks Jrnl. 23 Nov. 1420 Flameware. Made in JP Pyrex Brand JP England. Registration of this Trade Mark shall give no right to the exclusive use, either separately or in combination, of the letters ‘J.P.’ and the word ‘Flame~ware’.
1941 C. J. Phillips Glass xii. 281 Pyrex-brand Flameware is made from a special glass of relatively low expansion which has been treated to give it added mechanical strength and resistance to thermal shock.
1967 House & Garden Jan. 8/3 A complete range of oven- and flameware in multicolour..design.
1967 House & Garden Mar. 79/1 There is a steady demand for good oven-ware and flameware.
b. In some names of plants with vivid scarlet or crimson flowers:
flame-flower n. a species of Kniphofia ( Tritoma).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > allied flowers
dog's tooth1578
daylily1597
mountain saffron1597
phalangium1608
Savoy spiderwort1629
hemerocallis1648
tuberose1664
St Bruno's lily1706
superb lily1731
agapanthus1789
Spanish squill1790
erythronium1797
Tritoma1804
Spanish harebell1808
veltheimia1808
adder's tongue1817
bunch flower1818
Puschkinia1820
hedychium1822
eremurus1836
flame lily1841
lily pink1848
mountain spiderwort1849
lloydia1850
kniphofia1854
garland-flower1866
red-hot poker1870
swamp-lover1878
African lily1882
flame-flower1882
Scarborough lily1882
wood-lily1882
St. Bernard lily1883
torch-lily1884
rajanigandha1885
ginger lily1892
chinkerinchee1904
snow lily1907
sand lily1909
avalanche lily1912
Spanish bluebell1924
mountain lily1932
chink1949
poker1975
1882 Garden 14 Jan. 19/2 We came across several colonies of Pampas Grass..associated with Flame flowers (Tritoma).
flame lily n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > allied flowers
dog's tooth1578
daylily1597
mountain saffron1597
phalangium1608
Savoy spiderwort1629
hemerocallis1648
tuberose1664
St Bruno's lily1706
superb lily1731
agapanthus1789
Spanish squill1790
erythronium1797
Tritoma1804
Spanish harebell1808
veltheimia1808
adder's tongue1817
bunch flower1818
Puschkinia1820
hedychium1822
eremurus1836
flame lily1841
lily pink1848
mountain spiderwort1849
lloydia1850
kniphofia1854
garland-flower1866
red-hot poker1870
swamp-lover1878
African lily1882
flame-flower1882
Scarborough lily1882
wood-lily1882
St. Bernard lily1883
torch-lily1884
rajanigandha1885
ginger lily1892
chinkerinchee1904
snow lily1907
sand lily1909
avalanche lily1912
Spanish bluebell1924
mountain lily1932
chink1949
poker1975
1841 J. W. Loudon Ladies' Compan. to Flower Garden 129 Pyrolirion, the Flame Lily.
flame-tree n. (a) the Sterculia acerifolia of New South Wales; (b) the Nuytsia floribunda of Western Australia, also called fire-tree; (c) the Butea frondosa or palash tree.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > names applied to various species of trees or shrubs > [noun]
purslanec1400
mast tree1597
laburnum1693
whitebark1700
jatropha1754
quince1794
honey bush1813
snake-wood1832
ake1835
akeake1841
fire tree1851
flame-tree1866
subtree1878
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 498/2 Flame tree, Brachychiton acerifolium.
1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Oct. 685/1 The palash is a fair-sized tree, and its flowers are very bright scarlet, from which it is frequently spoken of as the ‘flame-tree’.
1885 R. C. Praed Austral. Life 96 There are flame-trees, showing in spring vivid patches of crimson.
Draft additions 1993
Also attributive or as adj. (see also flame-red adj. and n. at Compounds 2a below).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > orange-red
redeOE
fire-reda1382
flame-red1382
flammid1610
flammeous1656
orange-red1796
iron-red1798
pimento1921
pimiento1963
flame1970
1970 Kay & Co. (Worcester) Catal. 1970–71 Autumn–Winter 61/2 Flame pull-over top and matching slim-line skirt team up..to make a knock-out ensemble.
1985 Vogue July 96 (caption) Oscar de la Renta's..back-baring flame dress.
Draft additions October 2001
slang (originally and chiefly Computing). An instance of flaming; a vitriolic or abusive message, esp. posted to a newsgroup or sent as e-mail, frequently in impulsively angry response to a previous message or a perceived breach of internet etiquette. Cf. flame mail n. at Additions.
ΚΠ
1983 G. L. Steele et al. Hacker's Dict. 65 Flame, a speech or dialogue in which the speakers are flaming.
1989 C. Stoll Cuckoo's Egg xxxv. 173 My boss's flames didn't promote harmony, so how could they promote international cooperation?
1991 Profession (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) 45/2 Eventually you will become..inured to ‘flames’ (violent replies by readers opposed to the content, or dismayed at..previous messages).
1995 Computer May 87/1 The article claimed that anonymous mail servers, flame wars, encryption, and cancelbots turn the Net into a generally nasty area.
2001 Herald (Glasgow) (Electronic ed.) 18 Apr. Flames can most easily be identified by the use of all capital letters, the equivalent of shouting on the internet.
Draft additions October 2001
flame mail n. Computing slang (as a mass noun) vitriolic or abusive messages sent electronically (esp. by e-mail or as postings to a newsgroup); (as a count noun) such a message, frequently an impulsively angry response to a previous message or a perceived breach of internet etiquette.
ΚΠ
1992 USA Today (Nexis) 31 Mar. 1 b As CEO, he [sc. Bill Gates] frequently sends blistering computer messages known as ‘flame mail’ to even his most junior employees.
1994 Guardian 16 June (OnLine section) 4/4 Nobody wants to receive flame-mail from 300 or so angry librarians, camel fanciers or even blue grass enthusiasts.
1997 Computer Weekly 5 June 22/4 Flame mails come in all shapes and sizes: from the extreme cases of sexual harassment, or sex-flames as they are known, to shame-flames, a deliberate flame that has been copied to other colleagues, typically superiors, to belittle the victim in front of others.
2000 C. Locke & D. Weinberger in R. Levine et al. Cluetrain Manifesto vi. 163 The two-hundred-year-long industrial interruption of the human conversation is finally coming to an end... That's what www.cluetrain.com basically had to say..and you should see the flame-mail we got!
Draft additions June 2018
flame-grilled adj. (of food, esp. meat) that has been cooked over or before an open flame.
ΚΠ
1963 Whitesboro (Texas) News-Record 24 May Speared cantaloupes and strawberries, flame grilled sausage, sweet rolls and coffee were served.
1986 Sunday News (Kenosha, Wisconsin) 5 Oct. (Business section) e2/2 Recent lunch selections ranged from a flame-grilled hamburger at $3.95 to a $5.50 smoked lake trout plate.
2015 M. L. Kelly Bullet (2016) xiii. 98 The suggestion of flame-grilled beef had insinuated itself somewhere in my subconscious.
Draft additions June 2018
flame-grill v. transitive to cook (food, esp. meat) over or before an open flame.
ΚΠ
1982 Sun (Lowell, Mass.) 24 Sept. 3/3 Burger King ‘flame grills’ its burgers while McDonald's fries the beef patties.
1999 Gazette (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) 8 Feb. (advt.) We flame-grill two quarter-pound patties, smother them with two cheeses, and top them with sautéed onions.
2005 Financial Times 28 Sept. 13/2 An open kitchen demonstrating the sigri, a coal or wood-burning stove, commonly used to flame-grill skewers of vegetables and meat.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
flamev.
/fleɪm/, U.S. /fleɪm/ 1. † c. transferred. To emit a smell (also, of a smell, to issue) with violence like that of flame.
a. intransitive. To burn with a flame or with flames; to emit flames; to blaze. Also with away, forth, out, up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > become fire [verb (intransitive)] > blaze or flame
blaze?c1225
flame1377
lowec1400
steamc1405
flamble1557
aflamec1623
blazen1716
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xvii. 205 A fyre flaumende forth oute of boþe.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 1975 Owre kyng gerte felschene his fyrez, flawmande fulle heghe.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. iii. 67 Fyre brennyng..goth flammyng vnto the clowdes.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. cxcvv Other causes..made ye fyre to flame.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. iii. 16 His left Hand, which did flame..Like twentie Torches. View more context for this quotation
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 479 Fire lying hid under ashes, and touch'd will flame.
1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 165 The Admiral of Portugal began to flame being fired with two Holland fire ships.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 62 A Dungeon horrible, on all sides round As one great Furnace flam'd . View more context for this quotation
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 66 A Volcano..flam'd out that Night.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 83 Spirits of wine will flame with a candle, but not with a spark.
1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Wks. I. 71/2 There is a paleness in intense fires; they do not flame out or sparkle.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xxxix. 356 Lard lamps flaming away vigorously.
b. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > burn with passion
forburnc893
burnc1000
wallOE
blaze?c1225
flame1377
boilc1386
fry1568
broil1600
glow1623
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xvii. 225 Þanne flaumbeth he [þe holygoste] as fyre on fader & on filius.
1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. iv. 281 Cruelty hath but smoked before, now it flames vp.
1752 E. Young Brothers i. i Sparks of war, Which might one day flame up to strong revenge.
1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) II. 591/1 The Servile war..wanted but little fuel to make it flame out again.
1793 Object. to War Examined & Refuted 27 The Republic..flames out in many parts with Civil War.
1890 Cent. Mag. Jan. 362/1 Alien blood flamed in her veins.
ΚΠ
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 255 Whan his caroigne shal come in caue to be buryed, I leue it flaumbe ful foule þe folde al aboute.
14.. MS. Laud 656 f. 4 b A flauour flambeþ þerfro, þey felleden hit alle.
d. to flame out: spec. of a jet engine, to cease operation through extinction of the flame in the combustion chamber. So flame-out n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > means of propulsion > [verb (intransitive)] > cut out (of jet engine)
flame-out1950
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > means of propulsion > [noun] > aircraft engine > jet engine > cutting-out
flame-out1950
1950 National Geographic Mag. Sept. 307/2 If that boy..had blasted his throttle forward fast, he would have got what we call a ‘flameout’.
1951 Britannica Bk. of Year 686/1 Flame-out, of a jet plane, to exhaust its supply of fuel.
1957 Wall St. Jrnl. 15 July 7/4 Curtiss-Wright Corp. announced it has successfully conducted tests with fuels which ignite on contact with air and which can re-light jet engines which have ‘flamed-out’ at high altitude.
1957 Aeroplane 1 Feb. 149/1 When the aircraft was about 90 minutes out of Salisbury, all four engines began ‘bumping’ and four flame-outs occurred in the space of five minutes.
1960 Guardian 30 June 10/4 The nature of the fuel gave the engine a strong tendency to ‘flame out’.
1965 New Scientist 27 May 577/2 Some of the combustion troubles associated with flame velocities which cause flame-outs in jet engines, especially at great heights.
2. figurative.
a. Of the passions, etc.: To burn like flames. to flame out: to burst out violently.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > be or become affected with passion [verb (intransitive)] > (be ready to) burst out
anburstc1275
boilc1386
to fly outc1400
flamea1591
flush1601
overboil1611
burst1633
bust1705
outblazea1711
explode1834
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > burn (of passion)
burnc825
blaze?c1225
boilc1386
fry1563
flamea1591
glow1623
a1591 R. Greenham Wks. (1599) 22 Though he keep thy sinne from flaming out.
a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Lovers Progres i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Iii4v/2 Lascivious fires, should such flame in you.
1707 J. Norris Pract. Treat. Humility vi. 240 Here and there where their malice flames out.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 244 The rage of James flamed high.
b. Of persons: To burn (with envy, fury, indignation, etc.); to look angrily or passionately upon. to flame out, up: to break out into open anger or indignation; to ‘fire up’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > jealousy or envy > be or become jealous or envious [verb (intransitive)] > be envious
nithea1400
flame1548
grudgea1577
to grudge a thoughta1616
the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > burn or boil with anger
burnc1000
broil1561
boil1577
emboil1590
the blood boils1675
flame1681
the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (transitive)]
waltc1540
to fly in or into1683
to flame out, upa1701
the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > show anger [verb (intransitive)] > explode with or give vent to anger
to fly outc1400
to flame out, upa1701
explode1834
detonate1836
plotzc1920
the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)]
to pick (also peck) mooda1225
disdaina1382
endeigna1382
indeign1382
risec1390
to take offencea1393
to take pepper in the nose1520
stomach1557
offenda1578
sdeigna1593
huff1598
to snuff pepper1624
check1635
to bear, owe (a person) a grudge1657
to take check1663
to take (‥) umbrage1683
to ride rusty1709
to flame out, up1753
to take a niff1777
niff1841
spleen1885
to put one's shoulder out1886
to have (or get) the spike1890
derry1896
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. xxii. f. 106 Whiche wholy flame with enuy and hatred.
1681 J. Crowne Henry VI i. iv. 49 I flame with fury to be at it.
a1701 C. Sedley Happy Pair (1766) 16 With heat of loue he flam'd upon his mate.
1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison V. xiv. 112 If the alliance..take effect..how will she flame out!
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 195 He flamed with indignation.
1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. vi. 253 An Osianderism..much flamed-upon by the more orthodox ism.
1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. v. viii. 632 Queen Sophie..did once..lose her royal patience, and flame out.
3. transferred. To glow like flame or as with flames; to shine brightly, gleam ruddily. Also with away, forth, up, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [verb (intransitive)] > be brilliant or dazzling
glarec1250
glore13..
blaze1393
flamec1400
resplendish1479
resplend1492
effulge1736
the world > matter > light > light emitted in particular manner > [verb (intransitive)] > glow or shine as if on fire
glowc1000
flamec1400
gloomc1420
burn1423
flare1633
kindle1797
flush1809
bloom1860
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > become red [verb (intransitive)]
redOE
ruddenc1225
flamec1400
redden1669
blush1679
fire1837
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 768 Maskellez bryd þat bryȝt con flambe.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 551/1 I have sene the yerthe flame a nyght season lyke any fyre.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 320 The face of Phebus flamand fair.
1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret iii. ii. sig. G1v There's anger yet flames In your eyes.
1698 J. Crowne Caligula i. 3 Cæsar [led] A flying Camp of ranting Concubines, Who flam'd, and gave a lustre to the day.
c1710 C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 257 Diamonds wch flamed at ye Least motion.
1740 J. Dyer Ruins of Rome 2 The rising sun Flames on the Ruins.
1777 F. Burney Diary Oct. This..room was..flaming with velvet.
1807 Salmagundi 18 Apr. 154 Fling..a red shawl over the fine figure of a fashionable belle, and let her flame away with it in Broadway.
1826 S. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 74 The mud is flaming with the scarlet curlew.
1882 ‘E. Lyall’ Donovan xv She felt the colour flame up in her cheeks.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters i. i. 15 The dentist..flamed forth in his second dress as a captain of banditti.
4.
a. intransitive. To move as or like flame.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and suddenly
windc897
shootc1000
smite?c1225
flatc1300
lash13..
girda1400
shock?a1400
spara1400
spritc1400
whipc1440
skrim1487
glance1489
spang1513
whip1540
squirt1570
flirt1582
fly1590
sprunt1601
flame1633
darta1640
strike1639
jump1720
skite1721
scoot1758
jink1789
arrow1827
twitch1836
skive1854
sprint1899
skyhoot1901
catapult1928
slingshot1969
book1977
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island xi. iv. 146 Those holy Fishers once amongs Thou flamedst bright with sparkling parted tongues.
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man ii. 55 Meteor-like flame lawless through the Void.
1892 Ld. Tennyson Akbar's Dream in Death Œnone 38 Once again thou flamest heavenward.
b. transitive. To send forth or convey by flaming.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > fire [verb (transitive)] > send forth by flaming
flame14..
to flare out1874
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [verb (transitive)] > signal (something) by beacon fire
flame1892
14.. J. Lydgate Ballad Our Lady ix Flambe down þe doleful light of thyn influence.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 201 In euery Cabyn, I flam'd amazement, sometime I'ld diuide And burne in many places.
1892 T. A. Cook Old Touraine I. 91 An old system of signalling by beacon fires..which flamed messages along the valley.
5. To burn, set on fire, consume with flames. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)]
burna1000
forburnOE
forswealc1000
swealc1000
to burn upc1175
forswithea1250
to-brenna1300
singea1400
scorchc1475
combust1483
combure1570
toast1577
flame1582
embroil1667
flagrate1756
underburn1841
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 52 Sundry hostes are flamed on altars.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ix. sig. Ll3v Malbecco seeing them resolud..To flame the gates.
1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke i. i The Masculine Element of Fire Shall flame his Pyramids downe to the Earth.
1737 W. Whiston tr. Tacitus in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. p. cxxvii Some were nailed to crosses; and others flamed to death.
1942 T. S. Eliot Little Gidding i. 7 The brief sun flames the ice, on pond and ditches.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)]
astirc1000
stir?c1225
araisec1374
entalentc1374
flamec1380
reara1382
raisec1384
commove1393
kindlea1400
fluster1422
esmove1474
talent1486
heavec1540
erect?1555
inflame1560
to set on gog1560
yark1565
tickle1567
flesh1573
concitate1574
rouse1574
warmc1580
agitate1587
spirit1598
suscitate1598
fermentate1599
nettle1599
startle1602
worka1616
exagitate1621
foment1621
flush1633
exacuatea1637
ferment1667
to work up1681
pique1697
electrify1748
rattle1781
pump1791
to touch up1796
excite1821
to key up1835
to steam up1909
jazz1916
steam1922
volt1930
whee1949
to fire up1976
geek1984
the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > inspire [verb (transitive)]
inblowc975
flamec1380
inspire1390
inflate1530
mounta1546
adblast1548
heighten1604
inspirita1661
to work up1681
exalt1744
inspiratea1806
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > ardent or fervent [verb (transitive)] > inflame (with) passion
annealeOE
ontendeOE
anheatOE
atend1006
tindc1175
firec1225
heat?c1225
inlowa1300
inflamea1340
eschaufec1374
flamec1380
kindlec1390
chafe1393
achafea1400
to set a firec1400
lighta1413
incense1435
scaldc1480
embrase1483
incend?1504
to set on fire?1526
enkindle1561
enfire1596
flush1633
boil1649
calenturea1657
infirea1661
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 36 Þe swete odour þerof schulde flawme mennys hertis.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. i. sig. M8 Flam'd with zeale of vengeance inwardly, He askt [etc.] . View more context for this quotation
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xiv. sig. K4v That Sacred vigor, which had wont,..To flame the Poets noble brest.
1640 J. Shirley Coronation ii. sig. Dv Their courage is so nobly flamed.
7. To subject to the action of flame. Cf. Scottish flamb v.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > subject or expose to heat or fire [verb (transitive)] > to direct action of fire or flame
ignitea1684
inure1712
flame1875
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 88 After flaming, the pieces are successively laid on an inclined table exposed to the fire.
1885 C. S. Dolley Technol. Bacteria Invest. i. 69 The pipette is first thoroughly sterilized by flaming every portion of it.
Draft additions October 2001
intransitive. slang (originally and chiefly Computing). To rant, argue, or harangue, esp. via an electronic medium (such as e-mail or postings to a newsgroup); to send an inflammatory, abusive, or (esp. in early use) inconsequential e-mail or posting, usually as a hasty response or in a rapid, angry exchange. Also transitive: to send (a person) such a message. Cf. flame n.
ΚΠ
1981 CoEvolution Q. Spring 31/1 Flame, to speak incessantly and/or rabidly on some relatively uninteresting subject or with a patently ridiculous attitude.
1989 PC Mar. 181/1 You shoulda been there. People were really flaming.
1989 PC Mar. 181/3 Flame (verb) has two meanings that refer to a loss of control at the keyboard. The first definition is ‘to argue or complain vigorously with another by using a computer’... The second definition is ‘to communicate via computer rapidly and obsessively on subjects both significant and trivial’.
1994 Internet World July 31/1 He's been flamed publicly..and the other New York providers raise an eyebrow when asked about the system.
2000 Out Nov. 26/3 Not to flame, but the female model you had in your ‘The Great Escape’ layout is one of the harshest, most ill-proportioned women I have ever seen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.adj.a1340
v.1377