head-and-shouldersadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌhɛd(ə)n(d)ˈʃəʊldəz/, U.S.

/ˌhɛd(ə)n(d)ˈʃoʊldərz/

Forms:

α. 1800s– head-and-shoulder.

β. 1800s– head-and-shoulders.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: head n.¹, and conj.¹, shoulder n.

Etymology: In α. forms < head n.¹ + and conj.¹ + shoulder n. In β. forms < head n.¹ + and conj.¹ + the plural of shoulder n. Compare earlier head and shoulders at head n.¹ Phrases 3o(a)(ii).

A. adj. (attributive).

1. Designating a portrait, likeness, photograph, etc., in which only the head and shoulders are shown.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [adjective] > portrait-painting > full-length, half-length, etc.

three-quarter1713

half-lengtha1739

Kit-cat1754

head-and-shoulders1822

1822 T. F. Dibdin Aedes Althorpianae 249 William, Duke of Devonshire, by Sir Joshua Reynolds. A head and shoulder portrait.

1865 D. G. Rossetti Let. 30 July (1965) II. 562 I fear all I could undertake with prospect of bringing it to a conclusion without unreasonable delay would be a ‘head and shoulders’ portrait.

1902 Daily Chron. 7 July 3/5 A head and shoulders portrait of Lady Morshead in white dress and fichu.

1949 Pop. Photogr. May 41/1 (caption) If only a head-and-shoulders shot is desired, it's best to seat the child on a backless chair or bench.

1990 A. Steele Clarke County, Space 60 The head-and-shoulders mug shot of a lovely young woman..appeared on the screen.

2012 Scotsman (Nexis) 12 Mar. 24 Nasmyth's iconic 1787 head and shoulders portrait is still in the portrait gallery.

2. Shooting. Designating a target resembling or representing a person's head and shoulders.

ΚΠ

1883 Times 4 Apr. 12/2 Individual firing at a ‘head and shoulders’ target, figure target, and moving and vanishing targets not under 150 yards.

1899 Westm. Gaz. 23 Nov. 2/2 A hostile force in entrenchments is represented by rows of ‘head and shoulder’ targets.

1901 Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 3/1 Not only were there the usual head-and-shoulder dummies, but there were several ‘surprise’ targets.

1919 Arms & Man 1 Mar. 449/2 For the shorter distance, a variegated colored background..with a head and shoulder figure of natural color for hitting..would answer.

1980 J. K. Lattimer Kennedy & Lincoln xv. 294 Firing at head-and-shoulders military targets.., he scored forty-eight out of a possible fifty points.

3. Finance (originally U.S.). Designating a graph of a financial market which plots price against time and resembles the shape of a person's head and shoulders (with the head as the summit and the shoulders the lower peaks on either side); designating a pattern or trend in a market which may be represented in this way.A head and shoulders pattern is often taken to indicate a future fall in prices or (if inverted) a rise in prices.

ΚΠ

1932 H. M. Gartley in Barron's 3 Oct. 10/1 Those [supply and demand formations] which develop at the culminations of up movements are..head and shoulders top [i.e. peak]... Those which develop at the terminations of down movements are..head and shoulders bottom [i.e. trough].

1969 Times 6 Mar. 25/1 Australian brokers..do not share the view..that the emergence of a ‘head and shoulders’ pattern..presages a drop in B.H.P.'s share price.

1976 Texas Monthly May 76/1 The technicians point backward..to a massive reverse head and shoulders formation in the chart depicting the Dow Jones Industrial Average over the past several years.

1986 Observer 28 Dec. 24/1 The sign of the bear was clearly visible in their charts of stock market indices, mostly in the form of the dreaded ‘head and shoulders’ pattern.

2009 Wall St. Jrnl. 8 July a2/6 Stock-index charts..have formed what technical analysts who study charts call a ‘head-and-shoulders pattern’—a flat period, a failed push higher, and another flat period—supposedly a sign momentum is failing.

B. n.

1. A head-and-shoulders portrait or likeness.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > a portrait > half-length, full-length, etc.

half-length1699

full length1740

Kit-cat1800

head-and-shoulders1868

1807 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. xviii. 156 You throw a hasty frown from side to side..upon more heads and shoulders, and these, too, in crayons.]

1868 Amer. Lit. Gaz. 15 Sept. 243/2 (advt.) A finely-engraved lithograph [a head and shoulder, life size], from an original drawing.

1952 A. Smart Life & Art A. Ramsay viii. 140 The only certain portrait is a head-and-shoulders of a young man, in Jesus College, Cambridge.

1979 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts July 513/1 It is..a competent head-and-shoulders in strict profile.

2009 C. Harrison Introd. Art ii. 101 A formal record of the monarch with his heirs..was clearly a work of a different order from a head-and-shoulders of an anonymous young woman.

2. Finance (originally U.S.). A head-and-shoulders pattern, trend, or graph (see sense A. 3).

ΚΠ

1932 H. M. Gartley in Barron's 31 Oct. 19/3 In particularly weak markets, the sixth movement away from the fifth minor reversal falls notably short of the area in which the first three reversals occur. Often the formation may be classified as a head and shoulders.

1948 Commodity Year Bk. (U. S. Commodity Research Bureau) 62/1 The head and shoulders is probably the most common of the chart patterns... The market action first forms a rounded shoulder; then, a move to a new high price forms the head portion.

1988 Sunday Times 11 Dec. d2/5 We are now getting the shape the chartists call a ‘head and shoulders’, traditionally one of the worst in the chart book.

2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 3 Dec. 38/1 Bottoms come in other shapes too, [market] technicians say. Some look like a person's head and two shoulders—only upside down. This is a reverse ‘head and shoulders’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	head-and-shoulders
释义	head-and-shouldersadj.n. Brit. /ˌhɛd(ə)n(d)ˈʃəʊldəz/, U.S. /ˌhɛd(ə)n(d)ˈʃoʊldərz/ Forms: α. 1800s– head-and-shoulder. β. 1800s– head-and-shoulders. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: head n.¹, and conj.¹, shoulder n. Etymology: In α. forms < head n.¹ + and conj.¹ + shoulder n. In β. forms < head n.¹ + and conj.¹ + the plural of shoulder n. Compare earlier head and shoulders at head n.¹ Phrases 3o(a)(ii). A. adj. (attributive). 1. Designating a portrait, likeness, photograph, etc., in which only the head and shoulders are shown. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [adjective] > portrait-painting > full-length, half-length, etc. three-quarter1713 half-lengtha1739 Kit-cat1754 head-and-shoulders1822 1822 T. F. Dibdin Aedes Althorpianae 249 William, Duke of Devonshire, by Sir Joshua Reynolds. A head and shoulder portrait. 1865 D. G. Rossetti Let. 30 July (1965) II. 562 I fear all I could undertake with prospect of bringing it to a conclusion without unreasonable delay would be a ‘head and shoulders’ portrait. 1902 Daily Chron. 7 July 3/5 A head and shoulders portrait of Lady Morshead in white dress and fichu. 1949 Pop. Photogr. May 41/1 (caption) If only a head-and-shoulders shot is desired, it's best to seat the child on a backless chair or bench. 1990 A. Steele Clarke County, Space 60 The head-and-shoulders mug shot of a lovely young woman..appeared on the screen. 2012 Scotsman (Nexis) 12 Mar. 24 Nasmyth's iconic 1787 head and shoulders portrait is still in the portrait gallery. 2. Shooting. Designating a target resembling or representing a person's head and shoulders. ΚΠ 1883 Times 4 Apr. 12/2 Individual firing at a ‘head and shoulders’ target, figure target, and moving and vanishing targets not under 150 yards. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 23 Nov. 2/2 A hostile force in entrenchments is represented by rows of ‘head and shoulder’ targets. 1901 Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 3/1 Not only were there the usual head-and-shoulder dummies, but there were several ‘surprise’ targets. 1919 Arms & Man 1 Mar. 449/2 For the shorter distance, a variegated colored background..with a head and shoulder figure of natural color for hitting..would answer. 1980 J. K. Lattimer Kennedy & Lincoln xv. 294 Firing at head-and-shoulders military targets.., he scored forty-eight out of a possible fifty points. 3. Finance (originally U.S.). Designating a graph of a financial market which plots price against time and resembles the shape of a person's head and shoulders (with the head as the summit and the shoulders the lower peaks on either side); designating a pattern or trend in a market which may be represented in this way.A head and shoulders pattern is often taken to indicate a future fall in prices or (if inverted) a rise in prices. ΚΠ 1932 H. M. Gartley in Barron's 3 Oct. 10/1 Those [supply and demand formations] which develop at the culminations of up movements are..head and shoulders top [i.e. peak]... Those which develop at the terminations of down movements are..head and shoulders bottom [i.e. trough]. 1969 Times 6 Mar. 25/1 Australian brokers..do not share the view..that the emergence of a ‘head and shoulders’ pattern..presages a drop in B.H.P.'s share price. 1976 Texas Monthly May 76/1 The technicians point backward..to a massive reverse head and shoulders formation in the chart depicting the Dow Jones Industrial Average over the past several years. 1986 Observer 28 Dec. 24/1 The sign of the bear was clearly visible in their charts of stock market indices, mostly in the form of the dreaded ‘head and shoulders’ pattern. 2009 Wall St. Jrnl. 8 July a2/6 Stock-index charts..have formed what technical analysts who study charts call a ‘head-and-shoulders pattern’—a flat period, a failed push higher, and another flat period—supposedly a sign momentum is failing. B. n. 1. A head-and-shoulders portrait or likeness. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > a portrait > half-length, full-length, etc. half-length1699 full length1740 Kit-cat1800 head-and-shoulders1868 1807 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. xviii. 156 You throw a hasty frown from side to side..upon more heads and shoulders, and these, too, in crayons.] 1868 Amer. Lit. Gaz. 15 Sept. 243/2 (advt.) A finely-engraved lithograph [a head and shoulder, life size], from an original drawing. 1952 A. Smart Life & Art A. Ramsay viii. 140 The only certain portrait is a head-and-shoulders of a young man, in Jesus College, Cambridge. 1979 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts July 513/1 It is..a competent head-and-shoulders in strict profile. 2009 C. Harrison Introd. Art ii. 101 A formal record of the monarch with his heirs..was clearly a work of a different order from a head-and-shoulders of an anonymous young woman. 2. Finance (originally U.S.). A head-and-shoulders pattern, trend, or graph (see sense A. 3). ΚΠ 1932 H. M. Gartley in Barron's 31 Oct. 19/3 In particularly weak markets, the sixth movement away from the fifth minor reversal falls notably short of the area in which the first three reversals occur. Often the formation may be classified as a head and shoulders. 1948 Commodity Year Bk. (U. S. Commodity Research Bureau) 62/1 The head and shoulders is probably the most common of the chart patterns... The market action first forms a rounded shoulder; then, a move to a new high price forms the head portion. 1988 Sunday Times 11 Dec. d2/5 We are now getting the shape the chartists call a ‘head and shoulders’, traditionally one of the worst in the chart book. 2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 3 Dec. 38/1 Bottoms come in other shapes too, [market] technicians say. Some look like a person's head and two shoulders—only upside down. This is a reverse ‘head and shoulders’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1822
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