hitheradv.adj.

Brit.

/ˈhɪðə/, U.S.

/ˈhɪðər/

Forms: α. Old English–Middle English hider, Middle English–1500s hyder, Middle English huder, Middle English hidir, hidur, Middle English hydir, hydur, hydyr, Middle English–1500s hidder, hiddir, hydder, hyddir, hyddyr; Middle English hiþer, Middle English–1500s hyther, Middle English– hither. β. Middle English hidere, Middle English hidre. γ. Middle English heder, hedir(e, hedur, hedyr, 1500s hedder; Middle English heþer, Middle English hethir, Middle English–1600s hether.

Etymology: Old English hider corresponding to Old Norse heðra , Gothic hidrê ; < demonstrative stem hi- (see he pron., n.¹, and adj., here n.¹) + suffix appearing also in Latin ci-trā on this side. Not known in West Germanic except in Old English; but it has been suggested that Old Saxon herod , Old High German herot , in same sense, are of similar origin. For the later change of d to th (ð), compare note to father n.

A. adv.

a. With verbs of motion (or cognate nouns): To or towards this place. (Now only literary; in ordinary speech supplanted by here adv. 7).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [adverb] > to or towards some thing or place > to or towards this place or direction

hitherc725

hereOE

hitherwarda1100

hitherwardsc1200

heretoc1275

hither1340

hereunto1509

hitherto1535

hereaway1549

this-way-ward1662

this-a-way1903

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [adverb] > towards the speaker or this place

hitherc725

hereOE

hereonc1275

c725 Corpus Gl. 1158 Istuc, hider.

c825 Vesp. Ps. lxxii. 10.

c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) xxxviii. 223 Huc, hider.

a1123 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1101 Þe mid unfriðe hider to lande fundode.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13343 We beoð hidere [c1300 Otho hider] icumen.

1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) John xx. 27 Putte hider thin hond.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10315 Nu am i hidir to þe send.

c1440 Generydes 168 Of my comyng heder.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 39 Bringe hethir thy counsell, and the clerkes.

1549 R. Crowley Voyce Laste Trumpet sig. Aiii^v Come hither unto me.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. v. 5 Vnder the greene wood tree, who loues to lye with mee..Come hither, come hither, come hither.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1445 My inducement hither .

1766 T. Gray Let. 23 Sept. (1971) III. 935 Till my return hither yesterday.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 557 Hither..came news that the frigates had forced a passage.

†b. (Of the direction of feeling.) Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > [adverb] > of the direction of feeling

hither1579

1579 J. Stubbs Discouerie Gaping Gulf sig. Evj That false Scot prelate Rosse, mortall enemy hether.

†c. With redundant to or unto (northern till). (Cf. hence adv. 2c.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [adverb] > to or towards some thing or place > to or towards this place or direction

hitherc725

hereOE

hitherwarda1100

hitherwardsc1200

heretoc1275

hither1340

hereunto1509

hitherto1535

hereaway1549

this-way-ward1662

this-a-way1903

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7746 Swa many myle, Fra heven tylle hyder.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xxxviii. 11 Vnto hider thou shalt come, and no ferthere gon.

2. To or on this side (of). rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > [adverb] > to or on the nearer side

a-this-half1297

shortc1588

behither1650

hither1862

hitherward1864

1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xii. ix. 291 At Steinberg..some twenty miles hither of Olmütz.

†3. Up to this point (of time, or of discourse, etc.); till now, thus far, hitherto. Also with redundant to (northern till). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [adverb] > yet, still, or hitherto

yetOE

hithertoa1225

hitherward1297

hithera1400

hithertilla1400

hithertowarda1400

hitherwardsc1400

as yetc1405

as yet1484

hitherunto1505

hereto1559

until the (also this) present1600

heretobefore1667

up to the present1826

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 581 Now haf i sceud yow til hider [Gött. hiþer], how [etc.].

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) v. 44 From that tyme hidre, the Sowdan clepethe him self Calyffee.

1466 King Edward IV in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 549 Sithen the Conquest hither.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 342 Hither of causes and sicknesse in generall. Now it is also meete, that we speake..of signes whereby sicknesse is knowne.

†4. To this end, aim, or result; to this subject, class, or category; hereto. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > [adverb] > with this or that intention or purpose

thereforec1175

therefornea1300

whereto1535

hithera1538

thithera1616

hitherunto1635

hitherto1637

with this (or that) view1696

the world > relative properties > relationship > [adverb] > in relation or with reference to or concerning > concerning this or that

hereofc1050

herec1175

hereonc1175

heretoc1175

hereuponc1175

thereofa1200

hereanenta1225

hereabout?c1225

herein?c1225

herebyc1230

therebya1250

theretilla1300

thereabouta1375

thereto1377

hereforc1380

thereanenta1400

thereata1400

thereuntoa1400

thereanentsc1400

thereonc1400

thereupon1414

thereoffena1450

thereatour1457

herintil1489

hereunto1509

thereover1535

hithera1538

hereabouts1584

thereabouts1592

hitherunto1635

hitherto1637

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 5 Hyther tendyth al prudence & pollycy.

1573 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalipse (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. B.ii S. Iohn hath hyther borrowed all his thinges out of the Scriptures..to..confirme his writinges by the scripture.

1608 D. Tuvill Ess. Politicke, & Morall f. 118 Hither may that speech..be well referred.

a1694 J. Tillotson Serm. (1743) I. v. 137 Hither belong all those texts which [etc.].

5. Phr. hither and thither n. To this place and that, in this direction and in that (alternately); to and fro; in various directions. [In Old English; also with genitive endings hidres ðidres.] So hither and yon (yond). dialect and U.S.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > to and fro [phrase]

hither and thitherc725

downa1200

to and fro1340

to and again1612

back and forward1613

sourse deorse1616

backward and forwarda1711

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [phrase] > hither and thither

hither and thitherc725

here and there1297

from place to placea1398

hitherward and thitherwarda1398

from post to pillarc1500

from pillar to posta1550

from wig to wall1602

hither and yon1787

hither and yond1831

c725 Corpus Gl. 2148 Ultroque citroque, hider ond ðider [MS. hider].

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xl. §5 Ac ic ondræde þæt ic þe læde hidres þidres on þa paþas of þinum wege.

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care ix. 59 Ðæt scip..Drifen hider and ðider.

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 428 Ða ahof ic mine eagan upp & locade hider & geond.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 16001 Þai iesus ledd..Bath hider & þedir.

1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) v. i. 69 I sawe hym..fle hyder and thyder.

1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis xv. 308 Hether and thether still the Spirit strayes.

1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Hither and yon, here and there, backwards and forwards. North.

1822 J. Galt Sir Andrew Wylie II. ii. 20 Noo that they're hither and yont frae ane anither.

1871 R. H. Hutton Ess. (1877) I. 34 A Power..that moves us hither and thither through the ordinary Courses of our lives.

B. adj.

a. Situated on this side, or in this direction; the nearer (of two things, or ends or parts of something). Also figurative of time. [Compare Latin citer, citerior.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > nearer > nearer of two

hithera1387

hithermore1609

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 299 Þere beeþ tweye Spaynes; þe hyder bygynneþ from þe pleynes and valeys of Pireneies..Þe ȝonder Spayne conteyneþ þe west partye.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1568/1 On this hither syde of the Riuer of Dun.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 722 That Globe whose hither side With light..reflected, shines.

1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 49 Lay..the Mold flat upon the hither end of the Using File.

1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire II. xix. 398 In the wildest districts of the Hither Province.

1863 N. Hawthorne Our Old Home I. 256 On the hither bank a fisherman was washing his boat.

1871 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue v. 219 A widening divergence separates them at their hither end.

b. sup. hitherest n. nearest. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > nearest

nexteOE

nextfoldc1225

prochainc1550

hithermost1565

next hand1642

hitherest1876

1462 Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 562 My master brake his hederest ponde at Sprottes. And..lete nat owte alle the water.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Hitherest, the nearest.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	hither
释义	hitherv. Etymology: Elliptical use of adverb = come hither.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈhither. intransitive. To move or come hither; chiefly in to hither and thither = to go to and fro; to move about in various directions. ΘΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > move in a certain direction [verb (intransitive)] > move hither and thither or in different directions roilc1425 flirt1578 vary1667 tig1834 to hither and thither1856 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > move towards the speaker or this place comeeOE oncomeOE to come upc1390 to come onc1450 to come forward1518 resort?1548 to come along1590 to step up1660 hither1856 1856 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 275 Mr. C. always hithers and thithers in a weary interminable way. 1864 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia IV. xvi. xi. 436 Confused hithering and thithering. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby They come hithering frae all parts. 18.. New Mirror (N.Y.) III. 96 An old black trunk—a companion to our hithering and thithering for seven long years. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2019). hitheradv.adj. Brit. /ˈhɪðə/, U.S. /ˈhɪðər/ Forms: α. Old English–Middle English hider, Middle English–1500s hyder, Middle English huder, Middle English hidir, hidur, Middle English hydir, hydur, hydyr, Middle English–1500s hidder, hiddir, hydder, hyddir, hyddyr; Middle English hiþer, Middle English–1500s hyther, Middle English– hither. β. Middle English hidere, Middle English hidre. γ. Middle English heder, hedir(e, hedur, hedyr, 1500s hedder; Middle English heþer, Middle English hethir, Middle English–1600s hether. Etymology: Old English hider corresponding to Old Norse heðra , Gothic hidrê ; < demonstrative stem hi- (see he pron., n.¹, and adj., here n.¹) + suffix appearing also in Latin ci-trā on this side. Not known in West Germanic except in Old English; but it has been suggested that Old Saxon herod , Old High German herot , in same sense, are of similar origin. For the later change of d to th (ð), compare note to father n. A. adv. 1. a. With verbs of motion (or cognate nouns): To or towards this place. (Now only literary; in ordinary speech supplanted by here adv. 7). ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [adverb] > to or towards some thing or place > to or towards this place or direction hitherc725 hereOE hitherwarda1100 hitherwardsc1200 heretoc1275 hither1340 hereunto1509 hitherto1535 hereaway1549 this-way-ward1662 this-a-way1903 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [adverb] > towards the speaker or this place hitherc725 hereOE hereonc1275 c725 Corpus Gl. 1158 Istuc, hider. c825 Vesp. Ps. lxxii. 10. c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) xxxviii. 223 Huc, hider. a1123 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1101 Þe mid unfriðe hider to lande fundode. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13343 We beoð hidere [c1300 Otho hider] icumen. 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) John xx. 27 Putte hider thin hond. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10315 Nu am i hidir to þe send. c1440 Generydes 168 Of my comyng heder. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 39 Bringe hethir thy counsell, and the clerkes. 1549 R. Crowley Voyce Laste Trumpet sig. Aiii^v Come hither unto me. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. v. 5 Vnder the greene wood tree, who loues to lye with mee..Come hither, come hither, come hither. View more context for this quotation 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1445 My inducement hither . View more context for this quotation 1766 T. Gray Let. 23 Sept. (1971) III. 935 Till my return hither yesterday. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 557 Hither..came news that the frigates had forced a passage. †b. (Of the direction of feeling.) Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > [adverb] > of the direction of feeling hither1579 1579 J. Stubbs Discouerie Gaping Gulf sig. Evj That false Scot prelate Rosse, mortall enemy hether. †c. With redundant to or unto (northern till). (Cf. hence adv. 2c.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [adverb] > to or towards some thing or place > to or towards this place or direction hitherc725 hereOE hitherwarda1100 hitherwardsc1200 heretoc1275 hither1340 hereunto1509 hitherto1535 hereaway1549 this-way-ward1662 this-a-way1903 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7746 Swa many myle, Fra heven tylle hyder. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xxxviii. 11 Vnto hider thou shalt come, and no ferthere gon. 2. To or on this side (of). rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > [adverb] > to or on the nearer side a-this-half1297 shortc1588 behither1650 hither1862 hitherward1864 1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xii. ix. 291 At Steinberg..some twenty miles hither of Olmütz. †3. Up to this point (of time, or of discourse, etc.); till now, thus far, hitherto. Also with redundant to (northern till). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [adverb] > yet, still, or hitherto yetOE hithertoa1225 hitherward1297 hithera1400 hithertilla1400 hithertowarda1400 hitherwardsc1400 as yetc1405 as yet1484 hitherunto1505 hereto1559 until the (also this) present1600 heretobefore1667 up to the present1826 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 581 Now haf i sceud yow til hider [Gött. hiþer], how [etc.]. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) v. 44 From that tyme hidre, the Sowdan clepethe him self Calyffee. 1466 King Edward IV in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 549 Sithen the Conquest hither. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 342 Hither of causes and sicknesse in generall. Now it is also meete, that we speake..of signes whereby sicknesse is knowne. †4. To this end, aim, or result; to this subject, class, or category; hereto. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > [adverb] > with this or that intention or purpose thereforec1175 therefornea1300 whereto1535 hithera1538 thithera1616 hitherunto1635 hitherto1637 with this (or that) view1696 the world > relative properties > relationship > [adverb] > in relation or with reference to or concerning > concerning this or that hereofc1050 herec1175 hereonc1175 heretoc1175 hereuponc1175 thereofa1200 hereanenta1225 hereabout?c1225 herein?c1225 herebyc1230 therebya1250 theretilla1300 thereabouta1375 thereto1377 hereforc1380 thereanenta1400 thereata1400 thereuntoa1400 thereanentsc1400 thereonc1400 thereupon1414 thereoffena1450 thereatour1457 herintil1489 hereunto1509 thereover1535 hithera1538 hereabouts1584 thereabouts1592 hitherunto1635 hitherto1637 a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 5 Hyther tendyth al prudence & pollycy. 1573 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalipse (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. B.ii S. Iohn hath hyther borrowed all his thinges out of the Scriptures..to..confirme his writinges by the scripture. 1608 D. Tuvill Ess. Politicke, & Morall f. 118 Hither may that speech..be well referred. a1694 J. Tillotson Serm. (1743) I. v. 137 Hither belong all those texts which [etc.]. 5. Phr. hither and thither n. To this place and that, in this direction and in that (alternately); to and fro; in various directions. [In Old English; also with genitive endings hidres ðidres.] So hither and yon (yond). dialect and U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > to and fro [phrase] hither and thitherc725 downa1200 to and fro1340 to and again1612 back and forward1613 sourse deorse1616 backward and forwarda1711 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [phrase] > hither and thither hither and thitherc725 here and there1297 from place to placea1398 hitherward and thitherwarda1398 from post to pillarc1500 from pillar to posta1550 from wig to wall1602 hither and yon1787 hither and yond1831 c725 Corpus Gl. 2148 Ultroque citroque, hider ond ðider [MS. hider]. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xl. §5 Ac ic ondræde þæt ic þe læde hidres þidres on þa paþas of þinum wege. c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care ix. 59 Ðæt scip..Drifen hider and ðider. c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 428 Ða ahof ic mine eagan upp & locade hider & geond. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 16001 Þai iesus ledd..Bath hider & þedir. 1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) v. i. 69 I sawe hym..fle hyder and thyder. 1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis xv. 308 Hether and thether still the Spirit strayes. 1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Hither and yon, here and there, backwards and forwards. North. 1822 J. Galt Sir Andrew Wylie II. ii. 20 Noo that they're hither and yont frae ane anither. 1871 R. H. Hutton Ess. (1877) I. 34 A Power..that moves us hither and thither through the ordinary Courses of our lives. B. adj. a. Situated on this side, or in this direction; the nearer (of two things, or ends or parts of something). Also figurative of time. [Compare Latin citer, citerior.] ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > nearer > nearer of two hithera1387 hithermore1609 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 299 Þere beeþ tweye Spaynes; þe hyder bygynneþ from þe pleynes and valeys of Pireneies..Þe ȝonder Spayne conteyneþ þe west partye. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1568/1 On this hither syde of the Riuer of Dun. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 722 That Globe whose hither side With light..reflected, shines. View more context for this quotation 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 49 Lay..the Mold flat upon the hither end of the Using File. 1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire II. xix. 398 In the wildest districts of the Hither Province. 1863 N. Hawthorne Our Old Home I. 256 On the hither bank a fisherman was washing his boat. 1871 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue v. 219 A widening divergence separates them at their hither end. b. sup. hitherest n. nearest. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > nearest nexteOE nextfoldc1225 prochainc1550 hithermost1565 next hand1642 hitherest1876 1462 Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 562 My master brake his hederest ponde at Sprottes. And..lete nat owte alle the water. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Hitherest, the nearest. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < v.1856adv.adj.c725
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hitherv.

hitheradv.adj.