incluseadj.n.

Brit.

/ɪnˈkluːs/,

/ɪŋˈkluːs/, U.S.

/ᵻnˈklus/,

/ɪŋˈklus/,

/ᵻnˈkluz/,

/ɪŋˈkluz/,

/ˈɪnˌklus/,

/ˈɪŋˌklus/

Forms:

α. late Middle English enclus, late Middle English encluse.

β. late Middle English incluhs, late Middle English 1600s– incluse.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin inclūsus, inclūdere.

Etymology: < classical Latin inclūsus contained within walls, shut away from view, (of places) enclosed, in post-classical Latin also shut up as an anchorite (4th cent.), use as adjective of past participle of inclūdere include v. With use as noun compare Old French enclus male hermit (second half of the 13th cent.), encluse female hermit, anchoress (c1310 or earlier), and also post-classical Latin inclusus (7th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources), inclusa (6th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources), uses as noun of masculine and feminine respectively of classical Latin inclūsus . Compare enclose adj., and also incluse v. and earlier recluse adj., recluse n.Compare Old Occitan enclus enclosed, shut in. With α. forms compare en- prefix¹, and formal variation at include v.

†A. adj.

Enclosed, shut in; esp. living in an enclosed dwelling as a hermit or recluse. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [adjective] > cloistered

incluse?1440

cloistered1581

cloistrala1631

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. l. 261 The caules that of seed encluse [L. inclusis seminibus] vp wynde Wol bigger be.

c1440 (a1396) W. Hilton Scale of Perfection (Thornton) in G. G. Perry Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 44 Þou sall be safe as ane ankir incluse.

?a1475 (a1396) W. Hilton Scale of Perfection (Harl. 6579) i. lx. f. 40^v (MED) Ancres enclus..for þe lufe of God and þe sauuacion of here sowles entred oni religion approued bi holi kirke.

1715 M. Davies Εἰκων Μικρο-βιβλικὴ Pref. 20 The Incluse Anchoret Peter, from the Confines of Spain.

B. n.

A hermit, an anchorite, a recluse. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [noun]

anchorOE

eremitec1200

recluse?c1225

hermitc1275

solitary1435

anchoritea1450

inclusec1460

anchorist1581

cremitt1624

mandrite1844

saint1888

c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 173 Thoo twoo acris of londe þe which þe Incluse of Hokenorton vnto his dethe helde In almys.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 81 A religious man and pilgreme..whiche hade lernede of an incluse [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. of a man recluse; L. incluso] that sawles of dedde men were punysched for theire synnes in a place of the see nye to Sicille.

1625 T. James Manuduction Divinitie 78 This Secundinus, to whom he writeth is a seruant of God, an Incluse, or Recluse.

1768 Hist. City & County Norwich 423 They obtained also the name of recluses, or incluses, from their being shut up in their cells or anchorages.

1868 C. Kingsley Hermits 330 Through these apertures the ‘incluse’ or anker, watched the celebration of mass, and partook of the Holy Communion.

1871 H. Macmillan True Vine vi. 268 Those incluses, or ‘holy men of the stone’, during the middle age lived for years in a small cell built up around them, beside the wall of a cathedral.

1900 H. D. Vries tr. A. Kuyper Work Holy Spirit xxx. 575 After the incluse had descended into his cell, it was closed over him.

2005 M. H. Scholz tr. A. B. Mulder-Bakker Lives of Anchoresses i. 5 Hildegard of Bingen..was an incluse at Dissibodenberg.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† inclusev.

Forms: late Middle English–1600s incluse; also Scottish pre-1700 incluissit (past participle), pre-1700 inclwis.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin inclūs-, inclūdere.

Etymology: < classical Latin inclūs-, past participial stem of inclūdere include v. Compare slightly earlier incluse adj. and earlier enclose v., include v.Attested earliest in past participle inclused . Apparent later occurrences probably show a typographical error for include v. or enclose v., e.g.:1966 Erkunde 20 117/2 It implies distinctly cooler climates than those of Villafranchian time, and it inclused a number of ‘glacial’ elements.1978 Oecologia 32 295 A zone of ramification inclusing a sessile fruit.2006 A. Volley & P. Etiévant Flavour Food 221 The carbon chain being inclused in the amylose helix and the polar group being stabilised out of the helix.

Obsolete (chiefly Scottish after Middle English).

1. transitive. To put or keep (a person or thing) within bounds or in an enclosed space; to enclose, confine, surround, shut in; = include v. 1a. Frequently in passive. Cf. incluse adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > become closed or shut [verb (intransitive)]

speara1300

closec1385

inclusea1450

wink1642

upclose1852

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)]

beloukOE

pind?c1225

closec1275

beshuta1300

to shut about13..

umbclosec1330

to close about1340

aclosec1350

in close1393

enclose?a1400

tinec1400

concludea1425

includec1425

wallc1430

underclosec1440

inclusea1450

hedgec1500

lista1513

inrail1523

interclude1524

fence1535

parclose1535

riba1547

pale1570

impale1579

embay1582

immure1583

upclosec1590

enchase1591

interclose1592

recinct1598

underfong1599

intermure1606

bound1609

engirt1627

bosom1637

infence1652

cancellate1664

circumclude1677

embosomc1750

comprehend1807

a1450 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Royal 17 C.xxi) vi. f. 155^v Of wommen ancrys so inclusyd is seldom herd ony of þese defauȝts.

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. ii. 168 Yf he be taken or ded, or ellis Inclusid and shette vp..alle Is fynysshid and loste.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 141 (MED) This Cithero did write so subtily alle the batelle of Troy that hit semede as inclusede [L. includeretur] withynne the schelle of a nutte.

1532 Extracted Processes, Court of Session (Edinb. Reg. House) No. ii, Betoun v. Melville To inclwis thame quhill thai deliuerit affirmatiue or negatiue in the said mater.

1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xii. 129 Keip not Capua quhil ȝone knaifis incluse ȝow.

1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 268 Within my cairfull corpis incluissit, and pressone of my breist.

1645 J. Marsh Marsh his Mickle Monument 22 And yet methinks I wish my self no harms, Were I in Hell inclused in thine Arms.

2. intransitive. Of the eyes: to close. rare.

ΚΠ

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 126 My ene for pane incluse and steik.

Derivatives

inclused adj. rare

ΚΠ

1578 in T. G. Law Archpriest Controv. (1896) I. 91 The inclused monkes of that Diocese.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	incluse
释义	incluseadj.n. Brit. /ɪnˈkluːs/, /ɪŋˈkluːs/, U.S. /ᵻnˈklus/, /ɪŋˈklus/, /ᵻnˈkluz/, /ɪŋˈkluz/, /ˈɪnˌklus/, /ˈɪŋˌklus/ Forms: α. late Middle English enclus, late Middle English encluse. β. late Middle English incluhs, late Middle English 1600s– incluse. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin inclūsus, inclūdere. Etymology: < classical Latin inclūsus contained within walls, shut away from view, (of places) enclosed, in post-classical Latin also shut up as an anchorite (4th cent.), use as adjective of past participle of inclūdere include v. With use as noun compare Old French enclus male hermit (second half of the 13th cent.), encluse female hermit, anchoress (c1310 or earlier), and also post-classical Latin inclusus (7th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources), inclusa (6th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources), uses as noun of masculine and feminine respectively of classical Latin inclūsus . Compare enclose adj., and also incluse v. and earlier recluse adj., recluse n.Compare Old Occitan enclus enclosed, shut in. With α. forms compare en- prefix¹, and formal variation at include v. †A. adj. Enclosed, shut in; esp. living in an enclosed dwelling as a hermit or recluse. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [adjective] > cloistered incluse?1440 cloistered1581 cloistrala1631 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. l. 261 The caules that of seed encluse [L. inclusis seminibus] vp wynde Wol bigger be. c1440 (a1396) W. Hilton Scale of Perfection (Thornton) in G. G. Perry Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 44 Þou sall be safe as ane ankir incluse. ?a1475 (a1396) W. Hilton Scale of Perfection (Harl. 6579) i. lx. f. 40^v (MED) Ancres enclus..for þe lufe of God and þe sauuacion of here sowles entred oni religion approued bi holi kirke. 1715 M. Davies Εἰκων Μικρο-βιβλικὴ Pref. 20 The Incluse Anchoret Peter, from the Confines of Spain. B. n. A hermit, an anchorite, a recluse. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [noun] anchorOE eremitec1200 recluse?c1225 hermitc1275 solitary1435 anchoritea1450 inclusec1460 anchorist1581 cremitt1624 mandrite1844 saint1888 c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 173 Thoo twoo acris of londe þe which þe Incluse of Hokenorton vnto his dethe helde In almys. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 81 A religious man and pilgreme..whiche hade lernede of an incluse [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. of a man recluse; L. incluso] that sawles of dedde men were punysched for theire synnes in a place of the see nye to Sicille. 1625 T. James Manuduction Divinitie 78 This Secundinus, to whom he writeth is a seruant of God, an Incluse, or Recluse. 1768 Hist. City & County Norwich 423 They obtained also the name of recluses, or incluses, from their being shut up in their cells or anchorages. 1868 C. Kingsley Hermits 330 Through these apertures the ‘incluse’ or anker, watched the celebration of mass, and partook of the Holy Communion. 1871 H. Macmillan True Vine vi. 268 Those incluses, or ‘holy men of the stone’, during the middle age lived for years in a small cell built up around them, beside the wall of a cathedral. 1900 H. D. Vries tr. A. Kuyper Work Holy Spirit xxx. 575 After the incluse had descended into his cell, it was closed over him. 2005 M. H. Scholz tr. A. B. Mulder-Bakker Lives of Anchoresses i. 5 Hildegard of Bingen..was an incluse at Dissibodenberg. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † inclusev. Forms: late Middle English–1600s incluse; also Scottish pre-1700 incluissit (past participle), pre-1700 inclwis. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin inclūs-, inclūdere. Etymology: < classical Latin inclūs-, past participial stem of inclūdere include v. Compare slightly earlier incluse adj. and earlier enclose v., include v.Attested earliest in past participle inclused . Apparent later occurrences probably show a typographical error for include v. or enclose v., e.g.:1966 Erkunde 20 117/2 It implies distinctly cooler climates than those of Villafranchian time, and it inclused a number of ‘glacial’ elements.1978 Oecologia 32 295 A zone of ramification inclusing a sessile fruit.2006 A. Volley & P. Etiévant Flavour Food 221 The carbon chain being inclused in the amylose helix and the polar group being stabilised out of the helix. Obsolete (chiefly Scottish after Middle English). 1. transitive. To put or keep (a person or thing) within bounds or in an enclosed space; to enclose, confine, surround, shut in; = include v. 1a. Frequently in passive. Cf. incluse adj. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > become closed or shut [verb (intransitive)] speara1300 closec1385 inclusea1450 wink1642 upclose1852 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] beloukOE pind?c1225 closec1275 beshuta1300 to shut about13.. umbclosec1330 to close about1340 aclosec1350 in close1393 enclose?a1400 tinec1400 concludea1425 includec1425 wallc1430 underclosec1440 inclusea1450 hedgec1500 lista1513 inrail1523 interclude1524 fence1535 parclose1535 riba1547 pale1570 impale1579 embay1582 immure1583 upclosec1590 enchase1591 interclose1592 recinct1598 underfong1599 intermure1606 bound1609 engirt1627 bosom1637 infence1652 cancellate1664 circumclude1677 embosomc1750 comprehend1807 a1450 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Royal 17 C.xxi) vi. f. 155^v Of wommen ancrys so inclusyd is seldom herd ony of þese defauȝts. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. ii. 168 Yf he be taken or ded, or ellis Inclusid and shette vp..alle Is fynysshid and loste. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 141 (MED) This Cithero did write so subtily alle the batelle of Troy that hit semede as inclusede [L. includeretur] withynne the schelle of a nutte. 1532 Extracted Processes, Court of Session (Edinb. Reg. House) No. ii, Betoun v. Melville To inclwis thame quhill thai deliuerit affirmatiue or negatiue in the said mater. 1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xii. 129 Keip not Capua quhil ȝone knaifis incluse ȝow. 1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 268 Within my cairfull corpis incluissit, and pressone of my breist. 1645 J. Marsh Marsh his Mickle Monument 22 And yet methinks I wish my self no harms, Were I in Hell inclused in thine Arms. 2. intransitive. Of the eyes: to close. rare. ΚΠ a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 126 My ene for pane incluse and steik. Derivatives inclused adj. rare ΚΠ 1578 in T. G. Law Archpriest Controv. (1896) I. 91 The inclused monkes of that Diocese. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < adj.n.?1440v.a1450
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