assimilatev.

/əˈsɪmɪleɪt/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s -ulate.

Etymology: < Latin assimilāt- participial stem of assimilāre to liken, < ad- to + similis like: compare French assimiler, 16th cent.assimilate occurs occasionally for assimulate v.

I. To make or be like.

a. transitive. To make like to, cause to resemble.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)]

comparison1340

likena1382

figure1393

compare1447

comparagea1450

comparate?a1475

assemble1483

apply?1532

assimile1547

configurate1582

resemble1590

guise1606

similize1620

assimilate1630

approacha1649

consimilate1716

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > become like

imitate1598

assimilate1630

assimilize1654

model1683

1630 Bp. J. Hall Olde Relig. (ed. 3) Advt. to Rdr. 193 Religion..doth more assimilate, and vnite vs to that vnchangeable Deity.

1721 R. Keith tr. Thomas à Kempis Valley of Lilies i, in tr. Thomas à Kempis Select Pieces II. 5 Thou art assimilated to the holy Angels.

1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. x. 94 Observe the dyer's hand, assimilating itself to what it works in.

1866 Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 182 210 To assimilate our law in this respect to the law of Scotland.

b. with with. (In this const. some influence of II is apparent; as not only resemblance, but also alliance or incorporation is implied.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity > and incorporate

innaturalize1685

assimilate1849

1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vi. 178 Stains, or vegetation, which assimilate the architecture with the work of Nature.

1865 J. S. Mill Represent. Govt. 52 Whose education and way of life assimilate them with the rich.

c. without prepositional const.: To make alike.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > make alike or analogous

to season with the same liquor1648

connaturalize1668

assimilate1785

homologize1811

rhyme1824

1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 328 The downy flakes..Softly alighting upon all below, Assimilate all objects.

d. Philology. To render (a sound) accordant, or less discordant (to another sound in the same or a contiguous word). Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [verb (intransitive)] > assimilate or fall together

to fall together1565

assimilate1854

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [verb (transitive)] > assimilate or fall together

assimilate1854

level1884

1854 Proc. Philol. Soc. 5 200 In our own language..it is to be expected that some traces of the law of assimilated vowels should appear.

1871 H. J. Roby Gram. Latin Lang. I. i. viii. 48 Before s, d is assimilated or falls away.

1879 H. J. Roby Lat. Gram. ii. § 1829 Ad is usually assimilated to c (and written c) to q.

1946 E. A. Nida Morphol. ii. 43 Nasal consonants assimilate regressively according to the point of articulation of the following consonant.

a. intransitive. To be or become like to, resemble.

ΚΠ

1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Athens II. 189 Whose courage assimilated to their own.

1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies I. xi. 186 That outward empressement which sometimes assimilates to affectation.

b. with with. (See note to 1b.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > resemble or take after

to braid ofc1275

anliken1340

liken1340

semblec1400

showc1425

to draw after ——a1500

to be cast in a (particular) mould1745

assimilate1768

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > become like

anliken1340

liken1340

assimilate1768

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. V. 408 Which revenues..do always assimilate, or take the same nature, with the antient revenues.

1851 D. G. Mitchell Fresh Gleanings 245 It yet more assimilates with the character of New England scenery.

3. transitive. To bring into conformity to, adapt. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity

conform1377

redressa1538

uniforma1586

quader1588

reduce1621

quadrate?1630

comply1642

assimilate1664

1664 H. More Apol. 501 That the Body of Christ assimilated itself to the Regions it passed in his Ascension.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxviii. 171 This lady..half assimilates me to her own virtue.

1791 J. Mackintosh Vindiciæ Gallicæ i. 70 Absolute monarchies..assimilate every thing to their own genius.

4. intransitive (for reflexive). To conform to, act in accordance with. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > act in accordance with [verb (transitive)]

goOE

sue?c1335

suit1647

act1649

to live up to1650

assimilate1792

1792 J. Almon Anecd. Life W. Pitt (octavo ed.) III. xliv. 177 The honest American, that will not assimilate to the futility and levity of Frenchmen.

1795 S. T. Coleridge Lines on Friend (1867) iii. xvi. 214 With whose prejudices and ferocity their unbending virtue forbade them to assimilate.

5. transitive. To liken, compare, put into the same class. Const. to, with.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)] > liken

bysenc1325

anliken1340

comparison1340

liken1340

figure1393

like?c1425

semblea1440

compare1447

comparagea1450

signifya1470

comparate?a1475

figurate?a1500

resemble1533

patterna1586

symbolize with1605

assimilatec1616

similize1620

symbolize1651

similarize1806

c1616 R. C. Certaine Poems in Times' Whistle (1871) 118 To these 4 brutes..Fowre kindes of men we may assimilate.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 46 Which we can assimilate with no shells that are known.

1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 114 To assimilate things upon fallacious grounds.

1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals II. iv. 273 Marcus Aurelius mournfully assimilated the career of a conqueror to that of a simple robber.

1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. ii. vii. 255 A mouse's squeak assimilates itself in thought with sounds of high pitch.

†6. transitive. To resemble, be like, take after. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > be like, resemble, or take after

to bear a resemblance toa1225

semblec1330

resemble1340

to look likec1390

representa1398

belikec1475

assemble1483

express1483

to take after ——1553

figure1567

assimilate1578

besib1596

imitate1601

resemblance1603

respect1604

favour1609

image1726

mirror1820

facsimile1839

turn after ——1848

picture1850

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 16^v The Image of it [sc. the Larynx] assimulateth a Shield.

1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 139 The reason, that children..assimulate their Nurses; more than their mothers.

1661 K. W. Confused Characters 20 He much assimulates the Sarazens head without Newgate.

II. To absorb and incorporate.

a. To convert into a substance of its own nature, as the bodily organs convert food into blood, and thence into animal tissue; to take in and appropriate as nourishment; to absorb into the system, incorporate. Cf. assimilation n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > absorb or assimilate ( a substance, etc.) [verb (transitive)]

attract1545

assimilate1578

incorporate1653

introsume1657

insume1676

incept1863

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > assimilation or absorption > assimilate or absorb [verb (transitive)]

supa1382

absorb1554

assimilate1578

imbibe1664

obsorb1684

recuperate1967

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 63^v Those thynges were..assimulated, and made like to nourish, and restore the body.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. iii. 85 The Fire assimulates the Stubble, and converts it into Fire.

1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet iii. 309 Aliment that is easily assimilated or turned into Blood.

1869 M. Somerville Molecular & Microsc. Sci. i. i. 14 Vegetables decompose it [carbonic acid], assimilate the carbon and set the oxygen free.

b. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > [verb (transitive)] > assimilate ideas

drinka1400

imbibe1555

to eat up1573

devour1581

assimilatea1631

to suck ina1640

absorb1840

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 351 The understanding beleever, he [sc. the adversary] must chaw, and pick bones, before he come to assimilate him, and make him like himself.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 95. ⁋20 Falsehood by long use is assimilated to the mind, as poison to the body.

1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire I. ii. 90 His mind had no power to assimilate the lessons of history.

a. intransitive. To become of the same substance; to become absorbed or incorporated into the system.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > development, growth, or degeneration > [verb (intransitive)] > grow > assimilate or converge

assimilate1626

connive1830

intergrow1891

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §680 Birds be commonly better meat than beasts, because their flesh doth assimilate more finely.

1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid i. iii. 12 Stitch none of the loose pieces of flesh, they will assimilate no more.

1860 C. Dickens Uncommerc. Traveller in All Year Round 29 Sept. 589/1 The nightly pint of beer, instead of assimilating naturally.

b. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > undergo adaptation [verb (intransitive)] > conform

conform1699

assimilate1763

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > assimilation or absorption > be assimilated or absorbed [verb (intransitive)]

to run into ——1570

melt1590

assimilate1763

subside1772

merge1802

inosculate1836

liquesce1920

1763 C. Churchill Rosciad in Poems I. 23 He stands aloof from all..And scorns, like Scotsmen, to assimilate.

1864 J. H. Newman Apologia 350 I am a foreign material, and cannot assimilate with the Church of England.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	assimilate
释义	assimilateadj.n. Forms: Also 1600s -ulat. Etymology: < Latin assimilātus: see assimilated adj.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: aˈssimilate. †A. adj. As past participle: likened, compared. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 463 How then can our necessary undertaking..be assimulat to that precedent. B. n. †1. That which is like. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1691 E. Taylor J. Behmen's Theosophick Philos. ii. 357 When the will findeth its assimilate. 2. Something which has been assimilated (see assimilate v. 7). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > that which resembles something else swilkc1175 anlike1340 liking1340 likeningc1350 semblancec1374 resemblancea1393 likenessa1400 semblablec1400 similitudinary?a1425 like1440 assemblable?1530 a horse of another (also the same, etc.) colour1530 resembler1570 fellowa1616 remonstrance1640 simile1743 ditto1776 something of the sort1839 that or this sort of thing1848 assimilate1935 the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > [noun] > that which has been absorbed assimilate1935 1935 Ann. Reg. 1934 56 Work on the transport of assimilates and other dissolved substances. 1936 Nature 14 Nov. 851/2 The movement of assimilate in seedling tomato plants. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2021). assimilatev. /əˈsɪmɪleɪt/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s -ulate. Etymology: < Latin assimilāt- participial stem of assimilāre to liken, < ad- to + similis like: compare French assimiler, 16th cent.assimilate occurs occasionally for assimulate v. I. To make or be like. 1. a. transitive. To make like to, cause to resemble. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] comparison1340 likena1382 figure1393 compare1447 comparagea1450 comparate?a1475 assemble1483 apply?1532 assimile1547 configurate1582 resemble1590 guise1606 similize1620 assimilate1630 approacha1649 consimilate1716 the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > become like imitate1598 assimilate1630 assimilize1654 model1683 1630 Bp. J. Hall Olde Relig. (ed. 3) Advt. to Rdr. 193 Religion..doth more assimilate, and vnite vs to that vnchangeable Deity. 1721 R. Keith tr. Thomas à Kempis Valley of Lilies i, in tr. Thomas à Kempis Select Pieces II. 5 Thou art assimilated to the holy Angels. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. x. 94 Observe the dyer's hand, assimilating itself to what it works in. 1866 Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 182 210 To assimilate our law in this respect to the law of Scotland. b. with with. (In this const. some influence of II is apparent; as not only resemblance, but also alliance or incorporation is implied.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity > and incorporate innaturalize1685 assimilate1849 1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vi. 178 Stains, or vegetation, which assimilate the architecture with the work of Nature. 1865 J. S. Mill Represent. Govt. 52 Whose education and way of life assimilate them with the rich. c. without prepositional const.: To make alike. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > make alike or analogous to season with the same liquor1648 connaturalize1668 assimilate1785 homologize1811 rhyme1824 1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 328 The downy flakes..Softly alighting upon all below, Assimilate all objects. d. Philology. To render (a sound) accordant, or less discordant (to another sound in the same or a contiguous word). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [verb (intransitive)] > assimilate or fall together to fall together1565 assimilate1854 the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [verb (transitive)] > assimilate or fall together assimilate1854 level1884 1854 Proc. Philol. Soc. 5 200 In our own language..it is to be expected that some traces of the law of assimilated vowels should appear. 1871 H. J. Roby Gram. Latin Lang. I. i. viii. 48 Before s, d is assimilated or falls away. 1879 H. J. Roby Lat. Gram. ii. § 1829 Ad is usually assimilated to c (and written c) to q. 1946 E. A. Nida Morphol. ii. 43 Nasal consonants assimilate regressively according to the point of articulation of the following consonant. 2. a. intransitive. To be or become like to, resemble. ΚΠ 1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Athens II. 189 Whose courage assimilated to their own. 1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies I. xi. 186 That outward empressement which sometimes assimilates to affectation. b. with with. (See note to 1b.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > resemble or take after to braid ofc1275 anliken1340 liken1340 semblec1400 showc1425 to draw after ——a1500 to be cast in a (particular) mould1745 assimilate1768 the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > become like anliken1340 liken1340 assimilate1768 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. V. 408 Which revenues..do always assimilate, or take the same nature, with the antient revenues. 1851 D. G. Mitchell Fresh Gleanings 245 It yet more assimilates with the character of New England scenery. 3. transitive. To bring into conformity to, adapt. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity conform1377 redressa1538 uniforma1586 quader1588 reduce1621 quadrate?1630 comply1642 assimilate1664 1664 H. More Apol. 501 That the Body of Christ assimilated itself to the Regions it passed in his Ascension. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxviii. 171 This lady..half assimilates me to her own virtue. 1791 J. Mackintosh Vindiciæ Gallicæ i. 70 Absolute monarchies..assimilate every thing to their own genius. 4. intransitive (for reflexive). To conform to, act in accordance with. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > act in accordance with [verb (transitive)] goOE sue?c1335 suit1647 act1649 to live up to1650 assimilate1792 1792 J. Almon Anecd. Life W. Pitt (octavo ed.) III. xliv. 177 The honest American, that will not assimilate to the futility and levity of Frenchmen. 1795 S. T. Coleridge Lines on Friend (1867) iii. xvi. 214 With whose prejudices and ferocity their unbending virtue forbade them to assimilate. 5. transitive. To liken, compare, put into the same class. Const. to, with. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)] > liken bysenc1325 anliken1340 comparison1340 liken1340 figure1393 like?c1425 semblea1440 compare1447 comparagea1450 signifya1470 comparate?a1475 figurate?a1500 resemble1533 patterna1586 symbolize with1605 assimilatec1616 similize1620 symbolize1651 similarize1806 c1616 R. C. Certaine Poems in Times' Whistle (1871) 118 To these 4 brutes..Fowre kindes of men we may assimilate. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 46 Which we can assimilate with no shells that are known. 1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 114 To assimilate things upon fallacious grounds. 1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals II. iv. 273 Marcus Aurelius mournfully assimilated the career of a conqueror to that of a simple robber. 1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. ii. vii. 255 A mouse's squeak assimilates itself in thought with sounds of high pitch. †6. transitive. To resemble, be like, take after. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > be like, resemble, or take after to bear a resemblance toa1225 semblec1330 resemble1340 to look likec1390 representa1398 belikec1475 assemble1483 express1483 to take after ——1553 figure1567 assimilate1578 besib1596 imitate1601 resemblance1603 respect1604 favour1609 image1726 mirror1820 facsimile1839 turn after ——1848 picture1850 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 16^v The Image of it [sc. the Larynx] assimulateth a Shield. 1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 139 The reason, that children..assimulate their Nurses; more than their mothers. 1661 K. W. Confused Characters 20 He much assimulates the Sarazens head without Newgate. II. To absorb and incorporate. 7. a. To convert into a substance of its own nature, as the bodily organs convert food into blood, and thence into animal tissue; to take in and appropriate as nourishment; to absorb into the system, incorporate. Cf. assimilation n. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > absorb or assimilate ( a substance, etc.) [verb (transitive)] attract1545 assimilate1578 incorporate1653 introsume1657 insume1676 incept1863 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > assimilation or absorption > assimilate or absorb [verb (transitive)] supa1382 absorb1554 assimilate1578 imbibe1664 obsorb1684 recuperate1967 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 63^v Those thynges were..assimulated, and made like to nourish, and restore the body. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. iii. 85 The Fire assimulates the Stubble, and converts it into Fire. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet iii. 309 Aliment that is easily assimilated or turned into Blood. 1869 M. Somerville Molecular & Microsc. Sci. i. i. 14 Vegetables decompose it [carbonic acid], assimilate the carbon and set the oxygen free. b. figurative. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > [verb (transitive)] > assimilate ideas drinka1400 imbibe1555 to eat up1573 devour1581 assimilatea1631 to suck ina1640 absorb1840 a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 351 The understanding beleever, he [sc. the adversary] must chaw, and pick bones, before he come to assimilate him, and make him like himself. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 95. ⁋20 Falsehood by long use is assimilated to the mind, as poison to the body. 1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire I. ii. 90 His mind had no power to assimilate the lessons of history. 8. a. intransitive. To become of the same substance; to become absorbed or incorporated into the system. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > development, growth, or degeneration > [verb (intransitive)] > grow > assimilate or converge assimilate1626 connive1830 intergrow1891 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §680 Birds be commonly better meat than beasts, because their flesh doth assimilate more finely. 1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid i. iii. 12 Stitch none of the loose pieces of flesh, they will assimilate no more. 1860 C. Dickens Uncommerc. Traveller in All Year Round 29 Sept. 589/1 The nightly pint of beer, instead of assimilating naturally. b. figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > undergo adaptation [verb (intransitive)] > conform conform1699 assimilate1763 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > assimilation or absorption > be assimilated or absorbed [verb (intransitive)] to run into ——1570 melt1590 assimilate1763 subside1772 merge1802 inosculate1836 liquesce1920 1763 C. Churchill Rosciad in Poems I. 23 He stands aloof from all..And scorns, like Scotsmen, to assimilate. 1864 J. H. Newman Apologia 350 I am a foreign material, and cannot assimilate with the Church of England. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < adj.n.1671v.1578
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assimilateadj.n.

assimilatev.