† bainn.2
Obsolete.
1. figurative.1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Induct. lxvii And bathed him in the bayne Of his sonnes blud before the altare slayne.
a. A quantity of water or other liquid placed in a suitable receptacle, in which one may bathe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > a bath
bathc1000
balne1471
bain1477
water bath1605
tosh1881
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 142 Hys lady..had made redy a right fayr baygne.
1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xv. §2. 284 The baigne must consist of water fresh and warme.
?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses x. 567 My men, In Circes house, were all, in several bain, Studiously sweeten'd.
a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) iv. 306 [They] had, caused a bane of warmed oyle to be provided for him.
b. The vessel in which this water is held.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > vessel for bathing in
laver1340
washela1375
lavatory1447
baina1492
bath-fatc1540
bathing-tub1583
batha1616
tub1776
Moab1865
bath-tub1869
bath vat1874
bogy1893
a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. cclxxiii/1 He axed of hym yf he had ony bayne wherin he myght wasshe hym.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccciv. 702 The cradell wherein the erle was kept..and a fayre bayne wherein he was wont to be bayned.
1552 R. Record Ground of Artes (rev. ed.) ii. sig. Z.vv He chaunced to enter into a bayne ful of water, to washe hym.
c. abstractly, An act of bathing, a bath.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > an act of bathing
bain1484
dip1598
balneum1652
tub1776
bathe1827
shower1836
bogy1849
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope 2 b Chargyng hym to kepe them tyl he..retourned fro his bayne.
1563 B. Googe Eglogs Epytaphes & Sonettes sig. I.vi Pryncely Nymphes accompaned Diana in her Baynes.
2. A room or building fitted up for bathing, having hot baths, etc.; a public bath; = bagnio n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > place for bathing > bath-house
wash-housec1000
baina1513
bath1591
bathing-house1598
public bath1611
bagnio1615
balneo1659
bath house1705
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxxv. f. lxii Whan he came out of his Stewe or Bayne.
?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives Instr. Christen Woman ii. ix. sig. h That rude and vncomly maner..that men and their wyues shall washe both together in one bane.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 182 Vnes estevues, a hote house or a bayne.
1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 216 He passed through a crosse lane to the Baines for to bath.
1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 197 Bain or Bath, Balneum.
3. A spring of hot or medicinal water.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments using water > [noun] > taking medicinal waters > a medicinal spring
bath864
baina1552
spring1567
spa1626
well1632
onsen1896
a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) II. 31 The Colour of the Water of the Baynes is as it were a depe blew Se Water.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 557 Buxton, that of great name shalt be, for hote and holsome baine.
a1639 D. Digges Compl. Ambassador (1655) 136 Gone to Arragon, to certain Baynes there, for her health.
4. in plural. Stews; = bagnio n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > brothel
houseOE
bordelc1300
whorehousec1330
stew1362
bordel housec1384
stewc1384
stivec1386
stew-house1436
bordelryc1450
brothel house1486
shop?1515
bains1541
common house1545
bawdy-house1552
hothouse1556
bordello1581
brothela1591
trugging house1591
trugging place1591
nunnery1593
vaulting-house1596
leaping house1598
Pickt-hatch1598
garden house1606
vaulting-school1606
flesh-shambles1608
whore-sty1621
bagnioa1640
public house1640
harlot-house1641
warrena1649
academy1650
call house1680
coney burrow1691
case1699
nanny-house1699
house of ill reputea1726
smuggling-ken1725
kip1766
Corinth1785
disorderly house1809
flash-house1816
dress house1823
nanny-shop1825
house of tolerance1842
whore shop1843
drum1846
introducing house1846
khazi1846
fast house1848
harlotry1849
maison de tolérance1852
knocking-shop1860
lupanar1864
assignation house1870
parlour house1871
hook shop1889
sporting house1894
meat house1896
massage parlour1906
case house1912
massage establishment1921
moll-shop1923
camp1925
notch house1926
creep joint1928
slaughterhouse1928
maison de convenance1930
cat-house1931
Bovril1936
maison close1939
joy-house1940
rib joint1940
gaff1947
maison de passe1960
rap parlour1973
1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance iii. f. 4 In common baynes and bordell houses.
1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. vi. i. 80 As pure as olde Labulla from the Baynes.
5. Chemistry. An apparatus for heating through the medium of water, sand, etc., more gradually than by direct exposure to fire. Cf. bath n.1
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > miscellaneous apparatus
bain1477
speculum1650
filtering paper1651
wheel-fire1662
filter paper1670
sun furnace1763
respirator1789
candle-ball1794
rectifier1822
candle-bomb1823
filter1823
oxyhydrogen blowpipe1823
shade1837
graduator1839
pipette1839
thistle funnel1849
pressure tube1852
ozonizer1858
dialyser1861
Liebig condenser1861
Sprengel pump1866
Sprengel tube1866
water softener1867
mercury pump1869
Bunsen burner1870
dialysator1877
test-mixer1877
tube-condenser1877
Kipp1879
reflux condenser1880
policeman1888
converter1889
pressure boiler1891
spot plate1896
hydrogen electrode1898
sampler1902
reactor1903
fume-chamber1905
Permutit1910
microburner1911
salt bridge1915
precipitator1919
Raschig ring1920
microneedle1921
titrator1928
laboratory coatc1936
spray tower1937
precipitron1938
ion exchanger1941
potentiostat1942
chemostat1950
Knudsen pipette1951
pH-stat1956
cryopump1958
1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy v, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 62 Baines maie helpe and cause also destruction.
1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden xxxvi It has been bathed well in the bain or stove.
Compounds
bain keeper n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > place for bathing > bath-house > baths keeper or attendant
bain keeper1569
bath-keeper1591
bathera1610
1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. 107 b Likewise Barbars, Bainekepers, and Shepherdes.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 212 Taking no pleasure nor delight in the world..no more than the Baine-keepers poore asse.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
† bainadj.n.1adv.
/beɪn/, U.S. /beɪn/ Obsolete exc. dialect.
A. adj.
1. Ready, willing, inclined.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adjective]
freeeOE
well-willingOE
readyc1175
fainc1275
buxoma1300
prestc1300
liefc1325
rifec1390
willyc1390
baina1400
willinga1400
listyc1440
towardc1440
appliable1449
pronea1450
wilfulc1460
prompt?a1475
content1477
towardly1513
contenteda1525
towards1525
fond1529
comingc1576
unrefusinga1586
open-armed1594
voluntary1598
gainsome1629
easy1653
unreluctant1654
nothing loath1667
applicable1702
irreluctanta1706
unhesitating1753
unloath1861
prone-minded1869
a1400 Chester Pl. (1843) i. 50 Lord, to thy byddinge I am beane.
a1400 Chester Pl. (1847) ii. 181 Though I to synne were beayne and bonne.
c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 136 So bayn wer þay boþe two, his bone for to wyrk.
c1440 Morte Arth. (Roxb.) 104 To batayle be ye bayne.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iii. ii. 58 To seik ȝour ald moder mak ȝou bane.
c1550 Turke & Gowin 109 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 94 I will be att thy bidding baine.
1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 4 Bain, Willing, Forward.
2. Supple, lithe, limber.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > loose or stiff condition > [adjective]
leathwakec1000
lithebyc1000
starka1275
stiffc1305
standing1340
bainc1440
waldinc1485
resolveda1500
supplea1500
lash1513
limber1582
sagging1599
laxed1623
unslakeda1625
laxated1652
springy1674
gangling1764
lithesome1768
swack1768
unslackened1770
lissoma1800
wandle1803
loose-limbed1823
loose1846
unslacked1848
saggy1853
loose-jointed1859
loose-hung1869
gangly1871
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 29 Beyn or plyaunte, Flexibilis.
1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis iii. f. 11 And wantonly they writhe..among the waues their bodies baine and lithe.
1674 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 59 Bain, Lithe, limber-joynted.
3. Direct; near, short. northern dialect. [Compare Old Norse ‘beinstr vegr straightest, shortest way,’ Vigfusson.]
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [adjective] > of roads or directions: straight, direct
gaina1000
evenc1175
readyc1330
graith1352
nigh1516
right1567
near1579
forerighta1640
bain1864
1864 J. C. Atkinson Whitby Gloss. Banest, nearest, ‘That way 's the banest.’
1864 T. Clarke in Kendal Merc. 30 Jan. [Westm. dial.] A swind mi ways t' banest geeat ower t' fell.
B. n.1
A ready or willing one.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [noun] > a willing one
baina1500
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xi. 104 He has bene sene [read besene] agane The buxumnes of his bane.
C. adv.
1. Readily, willingly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adverb]
to goodeOE
thankc888
yernec888
lieflyc900
lovelyeOE
lustly971
willinglyOE
wilfullyc1000
with (also mid) heart and hand (also hands)OE
fainc1175
lustilya1225
lief1297
yfaȝea1300
blethelyc1300
goodlya1375
blelyc1380
willingc1384
bainc1400
acceptably1479
bainlya1500
cheerfully1523
towardly1523
desirously1531
pronely?1532
fainly1535
wilningly1597
bongre1598
libentiously1606
volently1614
propensely1648
easily1649
with (a) good grace1650
unreluctantly1655
with the best will (in the world)1814
unhesitatingly1829
unqualifyingly1841
unloathly1844
happily1889
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1511 Ful bayn birlen þise oþer.
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii* The berne besely and bane blenkit hym about.
a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. Prol. 58 Byand bessely, and bane [v.r. bayne], buge, bevir & byce.
2. Conveniently near, ‘handy.’ northern dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > [adverb] > conveniently near
at one's fingers' (also finger) ends1528
bain?a1700
within (one's) grasp1703
?a1700 Anc. Poems, Ball., etc. (1846) 215 Bane ta Claapan town-gate lived an oud Yorkshire tike.
1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ We're vara bane tot' beck.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
† bainv.
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive and reflexive. To bathe or wash; to drench.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash one's body or part of it [verb (transitive)] > bathe
bathec1000
bain1398
embain1593
tub1612
bath1660
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (reflexive)] > bathe
washa1382
bathec1400
bain1577
bath1876
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vi. x. 195 The myd~wyfe..baynyth hym with salte and hony to comforte his lymmes.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iv. 43 Whan the knyghtes ben maad they ben bayned or bathed.
1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. iii. xxv. 52 Iohn the Apostle..to bayne him selfe, entred into a bathe.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 108v To baigne them..with a worse perfume.
b. figurative or rhetorical.
ΚΠ
a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. lxvi. f. cxv/2 His body was alle bayned and bydewed in teres and water.
1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. A.iii Salt teares doe bayne my brest.
a1652 J. Vicars in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign James I (1848) 124 Haile-stones he rained, And with feirce flames of fire them bained.
2. intransitive (for reflexive). To bathe oneself. literal and figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash oneself [verb (intransitive)] > bathe
bathec1000
washa1382
bain1483
lave1701
tub1867
bogy1893
tosh1905
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 164/4 Ne neuer rasour touched his heed ne he neuer baygned.
c1500 Love Song in J. O. Halliwell Nugæ Poeticæ (1844) 68 In gladnesse I swym and baine.
1573 T. Twyne tr. Virgil in T. Phaer & T. Twyne tr. Virgil Whole .xii. Bks. Æneidos xi. K k j b The launce..in virgins blood doth bayne.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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n.21477
adj.n.1adv.a1400v.1398