单词 | oral |
释义 | oraladj.n. A. adj. 1. a. Done or performed with or by the mouth, as the organ of eating and drinking. Also in extended use.Used esp. with reference to the consumption of the bread and wine of the Eucharist. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > [adjective] > performed by oral1597 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxvii. 177 A literall, corporall and orall manducation of the very substaunce of his flesh and bloud. 1625 J. Ussher Answer to Jesuite 71 This grosse opinion of the orall eating and drinking of Christ in the Sacrament. 1656 R. Vines Treat. Inst. Lords-Supper xxxi. 342 The guiltinesse of Christs Body is not by the oral eating. 1737 D. Waterland Rev. Doctr. Eucharist (ed. 2) 453 None give so great advantage to the Figurists, as those that contend for oral manducation. 1888 Church Times 13 July 613 Attendance at the Holy Eucharist without oral communion on every occasion. 1929 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 59 186 The mystic saying about having eaten from the musical instruments which represent the goddess, would refer to..oral communion with the Mother on the part of the initiate. 1977 Yale French Stud. No. 54. 24 I am reminded of those chips we used to split off the great blocks of the old-fashioned ice chest and sucked like a wafer in an oral communion. 1996 16th Cent. Jrnl. 27 794 The Lutheran and Catholic insistence on oral manducation in which Christ, but not his benefits, may be orally received. b. Of medication, etc.: administered or taken by ingestion; of, relating to, or involving such administration. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > [adjective] > taken through oral1917 1917 Sci. Monthly Nov. 392 Oral administration is..likely to supplant the hypodermic use of emetine in this infection. 1947 Nucleonics Dec. 92/1 Each was given three oral administrations by syringe of a suspension of dithymoldiiodide in water. 1959 Science 10 July 81/1 This property..led to the experimental testing of a norethyn~odrel-estrogen combination as an oral contraceptive. 1967 Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 124 483/1 The acute oral toxicity of sodium selenite in the rat does not seem to have been investigated. 1970 W. J. Burley To kill Cat i. 24 A sachet of oral contraceptives. 1989 Omni Aug. 4/1 Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a simple solution of water, salt and sugar that allows the body to reabsorb fluid. 1996 Spy (N.Y.) Jan.–Feb. 42/2 The Purification Rundown, a daily regimen of vitamins..and oral shots of olive oil to loosen my fatty tissue. 2. Of or relating to communication by speech. a. Of, relating to, or designating a tradition, culture, society, etc., in which the spoken word is the chief form of communication; (of stories, poems, etc.) delivered or transmitted in this way, esp. from generation to generation. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > [adjective] > orally communicated conveyed?1504 parol1590 auricular1605 oral1628 viva vocea1718 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [adjective] > oral or oral-formulaic oral1628 oral-formulaic1953 1628 Bp. J. Hall Olde Relig. xvi. iii. 167 As for orall Traditions, what certaintie can there be in them? 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 693 This Notion..was from the first Feigner or Inventor of it, propagated all along and conveyed down, by Oral Tradition. 1767 T. Percy Ess. Anc. Minstrels 44 He [sc. Asser] has however particularly recorded Alfred's fondness for the oral Anglo-Saxon poems and songs. 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 11 They..still retain the ancient standard of speech, conveyed down by oral tradition from father to son. 1892 J. Earle Deeds of Beowulf p. xlvi Müllenhoff had discovered six different authors, of which the first two were oral poets, but the third had a written copy of the rudimentary work as it then existed. 1929 W. E. Leonard in K. Malone & M. B. Ruud Stud. in Eng. Philol. in Honor of F. Klaeber 1 The intrinsic nature..of oral or chanted verse as inevitably emphasizing an organic metrical pattern. 1988 Classical Q. New Ser. 38 44 Archilochus' message-stick has nothing to do with writing, but is a relic of the old oral culture in which he and his audience grew up. 1993 N.Y. Times 14 Sept. c15/2 The task of preserving Hawaii's less tangible treasures:..the oral genealogies of its island families, its hulas and its myths. b. Of disputes, negotiations, agreements, contracts, etc.: conducted by the means of the spoken word; transacted by word of mouth; communicated in speech; spoken, verbal. ΚΠ 1657 T. Aylesbury Treat. Confession of Sinne iv. 43 Opened by himself in orall confession to the principal party wronged. ?1685 Remonstr. to Parl. upon Acct. of Relig. 4 How often have they formerly urged us to an Oral or Pen Combat. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋12 Temptations to petulance..which occur in oral conferences. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §4. 239 Disputes were easily settled by the steward of the manor..on oral evidence of the custom at issue. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 302/1 Cases..where there is no express agreement, oral or written, except as to the freight and destination of the goods. 1996 P. Wilde Which? Guide to Renting & Letting (rev. ed.) v. 79 Oral agreements are not recommended... A written tenancy agreement is obviously highly desirable. c. Of instruction, etc.: conducted by speech rather than in writing; (also, of a teacher, institution, etc.) employing such methods. ΚΠ 1832 Biblical Repertory July 392 Men..who could give a more decisive impulse to the cause of Christianity, by..such means as we have designated, than by..devoting their time to oral teaching in Sunday Schools. 1854 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 17 167 By means of lectures and familiar oral instruction, useful information would be imparted to all the occupiers and cultivators of the soil. 1870 E. Arber in R. Ascham Scholemaster Introd. 6 The influence of simply Oral Teachers rests chiefly in the hearts and minds of the Taught. 1937 Dict. National Biogr. 1922–30 at Church, Sir William Selby Oral teaching was not his method: his students learned most in watching his practice. 1991 Times Educ. Suppl. 11 Jan. (First Appointments) p. xxiii/1 If you prefer oral approach to foreign language teaching, will you be happy in a department which doesn't believe in such methods? d. Using ordinary speech or lip-reading in the teaching of profoundly deaf people, rather than sign language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > [adjective] > sign or gestural oral1877 kinesic1952 Yerkish1973 1877 Globe Encycl. II. 344/2 The oral system is viewed by many as a higher form of tuition, inasmuch as it enables the deaf-mute to hold intercourse with society at large. 1880 Daily News 11 Nov. 6/2 If I [sc. a deaf mute] had been sent to an oral school I should have made little or no progress whatever. 1890 Science 15 Aug. 87/2 In Italy, the home of the pure oral method, more than 70 per cent of the deaf can neither read nor write. 1912 Dict. National Biogr. at Symes-Thompson, Edmund He was interested in the oral training for the deaf and dumb. 1947 Jrnl. Southern Hist. 13 556 (title) The first attempt to establish an oral school for the deaf and dumb in the United States. 1992 Amer. Q. 44 240 ‘Oralism’ as a philosophy of education does not mean simply oral instruction, but is rather a philosophy that maintains that all or most deaf children can be taught this way exclusively. 3. a. Of or relating to the mouth (as a part of the body). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > [adjective] oral1631 post-oral1853 oro-anal1885 orolingual1891 the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [adjective] mouthly1537 oral1631 osculara1785 circumoral1849 perioral1855 adoral1862 pre-oral1870 orolingual1891 orifacial1892 orofacial1960 1631 S. Jerome Arraignem. Whole Creature xi. §1. 97 Or Orall and Vocall [Organs], bleared and blazed from the Hell-inflamed tongue. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Oral, pertaining to the mouth, visage, face, look, favor or voyce. 1792 G. Shaw Vivarium Naturæ, or Naturalist's Misc. III. pl. 101 A pair of membranes of an oral form, which, during its [sc. the Paper-Nautilus'] occasional navigations on the surface of a calm sea, it raises upright. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvii. 379 Their oral organs..are of a Neuropterous type. 1843 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (ed. 6) I. 89 The acute pain which attends the insertion of their oral stings. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals iii. 162 The diametral folds of the oral aperture. 1912 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 18 275 An eminent representative of oral medicine and surgery. 1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 7 Mar. 518/1 Oral secretions were also collected from seven volunteers who were not given a respiratory virus. 1988 Zool. Jrnl. Linn. Soc. 94 47 When moving over the hydroid, L[omanotus] vermiformis stretches its oral veil out horizontally over a branch. b. Designating or involving sexual activity in which the genitals of one partner are stimulated by the mouth of the other. Cf. cunnilingus n., fellatio n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > oral sex > [adjective] oral1889 Frenchc1890 orogenital1963 1889 Med. & Surg. Reporter 7 Sept. 256/2 The individual who is gratified sexually only by oral masturbation performed by the opposite sex, and those unfortunate mortals whose passions can be gratified only by performing the active role in the same disgusting performance. 1948 A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behavior Human Male ii. x. 373 Most prostitutes are from the lower social levels, and consequently..few of them engage freely in oral activities. 1958 G. S. Sprague et al. in C. Berg Homosexuality ii. i. 213 At one end..would stand the most primitive oral pattern, fellatio. 1973 S. Fisher Female Orgasm vii. 209 Most of the women..received manual and often oral stimulation of the clitoral region. 1998 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 20 Sept. 23/2 As long as they were on the receiving end of oral attentions, and on the giving end of anal intercourse, no one considered them ‘fairies’. c. Psychoanalysis. In Freudian theory: of, relating to, or designating the first stage of infantile psychosexual development in which the mouth is the main source of pleasure and the centre of experience. Cf. anal adj. 4, phallic adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > libido > [adjective] > with mouth as main focus oral1925 1910 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 21 316 In infantile sexuality the oral and anal-urethral erogenous zones..as well as sadistic and masochistic impulses rule.] 1925 J. Riviere tr. S. Freud Infantile Neurosis in Coll. Papers III. v. 587 I have been driven to regard as the earliest recognizable sexual organization the so-called ‘cannibalistic’ or ‘oral’ phase. 1954 R. W. Pickford Anal. of Obsessional iii. 68 In general the oral stages are concerned with taking in of objects and ideas, or introjection. 1980 S. Reedy & M. Woodhead Family, Work & Educ. (1988) (BNC) 80 During the oral phases..his main concerns involve activities like sucking, swallowing and biting. 1998 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 103 1482 The relationship of the Italians with Mary derives from the Italian tradition of sending children out to nurse—a practice that allegedly might have blocked the psychological development of entire generations to its oral phase. 4. Phonetics. Of a sound (usually a vowel): that is articulated with the velum raised, so that there is no nasal resonance. Cf. nasal adj. 2a. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [adjective] > qualities of speech sounds weaka1637 apert1668 narrow-mouthed1668 servile1700 rotund1742 tonous1773 homorganic1864 trainante1865 oral1869 neutral1874 compact1930 lento1939 1869 A. J. Ellis On Early Eng. Pronunc. I. i. iii. 67 It is very difficult to determine what is the oral basis of the orinasal vowel, so strangely is it modified by the nasal vibration. 1882 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 11 (heading) 291 Oral vowels and diphthongs. 1919 E. Kruisinga Handbk. Present-day Eng. (ed. 3) I. i. i. 14 We see therefore that sounds can be produced..with the nose-passage shut: oral sounds. 1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. vi. 96 Most sounds of speech are purely oral; the velum is completely raised and no breath escapes through the nose. 1961 H. A. Gleason Introd. Descr. Ling. (ed. 2) xv. 250 If only the mouth is open, the sound is an oral resonant. 1991 Lang. in Society 20 430 Chipewyan has five full (tense) vowels, both oral and nasal. B. n. 1. A spoken examination or test in a school, university, etc.; spec. the oral examination of a postgraduate thesis (in U.S. frequently in plural). Cf. viva n.2 ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > examination > [noun] > oral or viva examination viva voce1842 quiz1867 oral1876 defence1888 viva1891 1876 G. H. Tripp Student-life Harvard 18 Do something splendid on the mathematics and the ‘orals’, and I will wage any thing you will pass clear. 1927 W. E. Collinson Contemp. Eng. 124 In regard to teaching within the University the only terms worthy of notice are the use of Oral (where some universities use Viva for Viva Voce)..and tutorials. 1963 F. C. Crews Pooh Perplex 74 Though his face and name have become legendary in Harvard Yard over the years..he has never bothered to present himself for his doctor's orals. 1973 D. May Laughter in Djakarta xii. 194 Examiners told candidates their marks immediately at the end of the oral. 1990 K. Vonnegut Hocus Pocus xv. 129 She had certainly backslid intellectually since passing her orals for her Associate in the Arts and Sciences Degree. 2. Phonetics. Short for oral sound, plate, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > vowel > [noun] vowelc1308 vocalc1570 monophthong1616 vowel-sound1795 oral1885 vocalic1902 1885 Athenæum 11 Apr. 475/2 A ring of plates which are the homologues of the five oral plates... These orals are the actinal representatives of the basals. 1887 W. Benson Universal Phonogr. 11 The vowels [may be divided] into Five Pharyngals: Five Orals: Five Diphthongs. 1887 W. Benson Universal Phonogr. 12 The Orals, short or long, in Feel, Fill, Tulle, Full, Fool. 1943 K. L. Pike Phonetics vii. 143 Contoids include stops, fricative nasals, lateral resonant orals, and central fricative orals. 3. Short for oral sex n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > oral sex > [noun] head1941 oral1943 oral sex1958 plating1965 1943 in G. Legman Limerick (1953) 98 Said an airy young fairy named Jess, ‘The oral requires some finesse, While in method the anal Is terribly banal, And the trousers will get out of press.’ 1990 N. Williams Wimbledon Poisoner xiv. 97 That buggery sounds good... Or oral. You could suck my cock if you liked. 1996 Sunday Sport 29 Sept. 9/2 She's given oral and taken dozens of horny studs for a stream of raunchy videos. 2002 Pride May 41/2 Also undercover is Chelsea, who holds the record for getting more oral than all her friends. Compounds oral argument n. Law a spoken presentation of a case or motion before a court. ΚΠ 1823 Times 2 July 2/1 In this country, in all trials the law is carried on by oral argument in open court. 1875 Rev. Statutes U.S., District of Columbia 357 The Arbitrators may, if they desire further elucidation with regard to any point, require a written or printed statement or argument, or oral argument by counsel, upon it. 1940 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 34 10 On May 15-17 and 19 the Court heard oral arguments on behalf of the parties. 1998 D. Baldacci Simple Truth ii. 11 Last term, Murphy had voted to hear the Chance case. Oral argument was set, and the bench memo was being prepared. oral cavity n. (a) the cavity of the mouth; (b) (in haustellate insects) the hollow on the lower surface of the head from which the proboscis protrudes (rare). ΚΠ 1853 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 143 6 An intestinal tube was now formed, and an oral cavity, but the intestine did not communicate with it. 1890 Cent. Dict. at Oral Oral cavity, in haustellate insects, the hollow on the inner surface of the head, from which the proboscis or sucking-mouth protrudes. 1967 Arch. Neurol. 16 145/2 The rhinic system relates to the external environment only through the sensory receptors of the oral cavity. 1999 G. Cannon in G. Tansey & J. D'Silva Meat Business xi. 118 Evidence that it [sc. tobacco] increases risk not only of lung cancer, but also cancers of the oral cavity and respiratory tract. oral erotic adj. of or relating to (a person exhibiting) oral erotism. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [adjective] > types of sexual gratification anal-erotic1916 oral erotic1927 1927 Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 8 56 (title) The oral-erotic components of stammering. 1994 Slavic & East European Jrnl. 38 629 Two neologisms, both possessing oral erotic connotations, apparently in reference to the anagrammatical collages. oral eroticism n. [perhaps translating German Munderotik or Oralerotik] Psychology (a tendency towards) gratification derived from or focused on the mouth, interpreted as having a sexual origin. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [noun] > sexual gratification > types of anal eroticism1913 anal erotism1918 oral erotism1925 oral eroticism1928 1928 I. H. Coriat Stammering 10 The persistence of the infantile libido in the form of oral eroticism. 1933 B. Gadelius Human Mentality xvii. 555 Such feelings are awakened in taking milk from the mother's breast, and this ‘oral-eroticism’ also finds expression in certain habits peculiar to children at the moment of falling asleep, sucking the thumb or hand. 1994 Yale French Stud No. 84. 212 The pulmonary contractions,..the touches of the tongue, the suction of the lips, the anal investment of sound substances, represent the various elements of this primitive oral eroticism. oral erotism n. now rare = oral eroticism n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [noun] > sexual gratification > types of anal eroticism1913 anal erotism1918 oral erotism1925 oral eroticism1928 1925 Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 6 419 (heading) Some remarks on oral erotism. 1940 C. Allen Sexual Perversions & Abnormalities iv. 67 From the psychoanalytic point of view coprophagia is a combination of oral and anal erotism. 1953 M. Bonaparte Female Sexuality iii. 16 We know that the tiny human, its libido based on the great vital and organic needs, starts life dominated by oral erotism. oral erotogenic adj. rare arising from oral erotism. ΚΠ 1925 Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 6 428 The patient succeeded in bringing her personal wishes, social aspirations and libidinal needs all under the aegis of the oral erotogenic zone, in accordance with one libido-organization of the pregenital period. oral-formulaic adj. Literary Criticism of or relating to (usually early) poetry belonging to a spoken tradition and characterized by the use of poetic formulae as an aid to memory. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [adjective] > oral or oral-formulaic oral1628 oral-formulaic1953 1953 F. P. Magoun in Speculum 28 446 (heading) Oral-formulaic character of Anglo-Saxon narrative poetry. 1972 T. A. Shippey Old Eng. Verse iv. 89 The theory claims that much classical and modern poetry has been composed by an ‘oral-formulaic’ process. 1992 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Dec. 24/1 Many of the essays are underwritten..by both refigured Derridean notions and ‘oral-formulaic’ theory. oral-genital adj. of or relating to the oral sexual stimulation of the genitals. ΚΠ 1948–9 Public Opinion Q. 12 694 High incidence of certain practices: e.g., masturbation, homosexuality,..and oral-genital contacts. 1999 Family Planning Perspectives 31 54/1 All..students said that penile-vaginal intercourse counts as having sex, but substantially fewer said that penile-anal and oral-genital contact qualify. oral history n. a body of stories about past events passed on by word of mouth; (also) the branch of history that deals with the compilation and study of such recollections, usually through the use of recorded interviews with people having personal knowledge of the past. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > history or knowledge about the past > [noun] > branches or types of history ancient history1566 church story1581 archaeology1607 church history1609 local history1615 mythistory1731 human story1753 intellectual history1755 oral history1827 Assyriology1828 world history1833 hierologya1848 meta-history1854 Hibernologya1869 prehistory1871 proto-history1876 prehistorics1879 earth history1880 Sumerology1897 historiometry1909 black history1920 herstory1932 ethnohistory1938 meta-history1946 Annales1952 Hittitology1952 revisionism1965 longue durée1968 Warburgianism1977 1827 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 418 The incidents of the separation yet live in the oral history of each tribe. 1950 N.Y. Times 13 Jan. 25/2 Columbia University..has developed almost to a science its Oral History Project. 1977 Times 16 May 7/7 Oral history..enables the historian to put the questions he wants. 1991 Hist. Workshop Spring 261 (heading) Pull no more bines: an oral history of East London women hop pickers. Oral Law n. Judaism the part of Jewish religious law believed to have been passed down by oral tradition before being collected in the Mishnah; the Oral Torah. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > law > Jewish law > [noun] > substance of Cabbala1521 tradition1585 Mishnah1610 cabal1616 Oral Law1731 1731 tr. Relig. Ceremonies & Customs Several Nations I. i. ii. iii. 54 A man who hath studied the oral law..is looked upon by the generality as a doctor. 1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. ii. viii. 155 To throw discredit even upon the Oral Law would not be without danger. 1917 Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 14 188 The main ground, I think, which brought the ancient Rabbis to prohibit the putting into writing of the oral law, was their fear that it might become fixed and not sufficiently flexible. 1991 B. E. Close Judaism 1 Since it was part of the original revelation on Sinai the Oral Law is also designated Torah. oral literature n. poems, stories, songs, etc., passed down through the generations by word of mouth; cf. orature n. ΚΠ 1815 N. Amer. Rev. 1 313 This country has a literature... But it is not the least indebted for it to the labour of its colonies. I now refer to the oral literature of its aborigines. 1898 S. A. Brooke Eng. Lit. from Beginnings to Norman Conquest ii. 42 This was the origin of the early unhistoric sagas, like that of Beowulf, and such a saga was the highest form of the oral literature of the German tribes. 1953 S. A. Brown in A. Dundes Mother Wit (1973) 40/1 The Negro was contributing..through what we call oral literature—folk literature. 2013 in M. Turin et al. Oral Lit. in Digital Age Introd. p. xiii The term ‘oral literature’ broadly includes ritual texts, curative chants, epic poems, folk tales, creation stories, songs, myths, spells, legends, proverbs, riddles, tongue-twisters, recitations and historical narratives. oral-nasal adj. of or relating to the mouth and nose or (in Linguistics) to oral and nasal sounds. ΚΠ 1959 E. G. Schachtel Metamorphosis vii. 138 According to Pratt,..tactile sensitivity is ontogenetically and phylogenetically the first to appear, arising prenatally first in the oral-nasal region. 1964 Current Anthropol. 5 157/1 Undeniably, our oral-nasal shape serves us happily for our speech. 1970 Language 46 81 There are eight consonants in Maxakalí, comprising an oral-nasal pair at each of four points of articulation. 1999 R. Sampson Nasal Vowel Evol. in Romance i. 21 Recently it has been found that the apparent three-way contrast here is more accurately described as being non-nasal vowel vs. mixed oral-nasal contour vowel vs. nasal vowel. oral sex n. sexual activity in which the genitals of one partner are stimulated by the mouth of the other. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > oral sex > [noun] head1941 oral1943 oral sex1958 plating1965 1943 in G. Legman Limerick (1953) 98 Said an airy young fairy named Jess, ‘The oral requires some finesse, While in method the anal Is terribly banal, And the trousers will get out of press.’] 1958 H. Greenwald Call Girl 163 Most of the girls estimated that between seventy-five and ninety per cent of all their clients did not wish normal intercourse but preferred oral sex. 1992 Economist 2 May 67/1 Mr Barry..was moved to a more secure prison after accusations that he had had oral sex in public during a prison visit. oral surgeon n. a specialist in oral surgery. ΚΠ 1866 Dental Cosmos 7 400 Take even Mr. Ferguson, so eminent as an oral surgeon. 1893 N. Amer. Rev. May 633 The dentist today..should be prepared to exercise the special functions of an oral surgeon. 1958 in ‘W. Henry’ Seven Men at Mimbres Springs End-note 218 Will Henry was born and raised in westernmost Missouri, the son of a pioneer Kansas City oral surgeon. 1997 Brit. Jrnl. Orthodontics 24 319 Participants were presented with 15 case histories of orthodontic patients..and asked to state whether they would have referred the case to an oral surgeon for management of their third molars. oral surgery n. surgery of the mouth and jaws, spec. as a branch of dentistry. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > branches of orthodontia1849 oral surgery1866 orthodontics1909 periodontia1914 periodontology1914 prosthodontia1917 paedodontics1923 prosthodontics1947 periodontics1948 the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [noun] > types of surgery generally plastic surgery1837 self-surgery1863 oral surgery1866 electrosurgery1870 Listerism1880 morioplasty1880 brain surgery1881 tachytomy1898 neurosurgery1904 radiosurgery1929 psychosurgery1936 microsurgery1959 microsurgery1960 cryosurgery1962 day surgery1968 work1968 biosurgery1969 psychic surgery1975 telesurgery1976 1866 Dental Cosmos 7 469 While I admit the liability of irregular denture as a sequence of many accidents, I am compelled to view the treatment of these as pertaining more properly to that oral surgery which embraces fractures, tumors, and lesions generally. 1873 J. E. Garretson (title) A system of oral surgery..surgery of the mouth, jaws, and associate parts. 1947 H. Horner Dental Educ. Today ix. 266 The School of Dentistry..offers courses in orthodontia, prosthodontia, and oral surgery. 1997 Jrnl. Periodontol. 68 1206 Samples of blood, saliva, gingiva, and alveolar bone were collected during oral surgery. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1597 |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。