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单词 pilt
释义

piltn.

Forms: Middle English pilt, Middle English pult (chiefly south-west midlands and south-western), 1500s pylt, 1500s pylte.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pilt v.
Etymology: < pilt v.
Obsolete.
A thrust; a push.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > [noun] > striking with pushing action > pushing > a push
piltc1300
thrutchc1400
puta1450
dinga1500
push1613
hunch1630
budge1714
bunt1767
dunch1770
jow1790
thrust1823
poke-up1905
shtup1977
c1300 Childhood Jesus (Laud) 422 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1875) 1st Ser. 16 (MED) He ful a doun ded for is gult, Ne hadde he noþur dunt ne pult.
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 3466 (MED) Damme, for-ȝeue me þis gilt; I ne ȝaf þe noþer dent ne pilt!
a1450 Serm. (Cambr. Dd.11.89) in Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. (1916) 15 416 We forȝyueth in eny gyse þulke þat vs haueth agult, With word, with werk, with dunt, or pult.
c1500 Friar & Boy (Rawl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1895) 90 69 (MED) At euery keyte þat þou mete, Loke þou kepe þi pylt, And shote where at þou wylt, The markys þou shalte kepe.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

piltv.

Forms:

α. Middle English pilt, Middle English pilte, Middle English pylt, Middle English pylte.

β. (chiefly south-west midlands and south-western) Middle English pult, Middle English pulte.

γ. (chiefly south-eastern) Middle English 1600s pelt, Middle English pelte.

Past tense.

α. Middle English pilte, Middle English pylt, Middle English pylte.

β. Middle English polte, Middle English pult, Middle English pulte.

γ. Middle English pelt, Middle English pelte.

Past participle.

α. Middle English ipilt, Middle English ipilte, Middle English ipylt, Middle English pilt, Middle English pylt, Middle English pylte.

β. Middle English ipult, Middle English pult, Middle English pulte, Middle English puylt, Middle English ypult.

γ. Middle English ipelt, Middle English pelt.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English *pyltan.
Etymology: Apparently the reflex of an unattested Old English *pyltan < unattested post-classical Latin *pultiare , alteration of classical Latin pultare to beat, strike, knock (frequentative of pellere to drive: see pulse v.).With γ. forms compare pelt v.1 Compare also palt v.1, and perhaps also polt n., polt v.
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. To drive, push, or thrust; to strike; to thrust away or out.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > push
thrustc1175
pilta1200
pingc1300
pote1340
pusha1350
beara1398
pokea1425
possa1425
pressc1425
shun1674
crowd1830
α.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 197 Þe neddre..hire oðer eare pilteð hire tail þer inne.
?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 134 (MED) Wold holi cherch pilt is miȝte And law of lond pilt him to, Þan schold coueitise and vnriȝte Vte of lond ben ydo.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 1296 (MED) Ho-so curseþ withoutyn gylt Hyt shal on hys hede be pylt.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 559 Þow hast hym bete, & with þy staff I-pilt.
a1500 Roberd of Cisyle (Cambr. Ff.2.38) (1879) 388 (MED) Now am y of my lande pylte.
β. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 129 Heo weren ipult ut of paradise.c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 3753 Nemnius pulte [c1275 Calig. hæf] vp his scelde.c1300 St. Francis (Laud) 78 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 56 Huy harleden him wel faste, And smiten and pulten here and þere.c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 207 (MED) Adam..out of his heritage..is pult For synne and for his owne gult.a1400 (a1325) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Trin. Cambr.) (1887) App. EE. 831 Hit was þe spere..þat was ypult to his herte.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. viii. 96 A pyke is on þat potente to pulte [v.rr. pelte, pilte; putte; c1400 A text punge; c1400 C text pulte, putte] adown þe wikked.?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 21 (MED) Walewe þe style in þe poudre þat hit cleue þer-to alle aboute, and pult hit in the hole alle adoun to þe gronde.γ. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 4086 Þat heued þai han on a spere y-sett..Mani on pelt her finger þer-to.c1450 (a1375) Octavian (Calig.) (1979) 595 The lyonesse..on þe schyp sche gan to clymme..The schypmen..ofte her pelte ynto þe see.1617 S. Collins Epphata to F. T. i. i. 77 Whereas you patch, and pelt, and clowt euery thing into euery place that you can, like a beggers coate.
b. transitive. figurative. To incite, induce. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to do something
holdc1275
piltc1275
constraina1340
strength1340
distrainc1374
compelc1380
makec1395
distressa1400
stressa1400
art?1406
putc1450
coerce1475
cohert1475
enforce1509
perforce1509
forcec1540
violent?1551
press1600
necessitate1601
rack1602
restrain1621
reduce1622
oblige1632
necessiate1709
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 873 Mid mine songe ich hine pulte, Þat he groni for his gulte.
2. intransitive. To thrust; to press or push; to strike with force or stab. to pilt up again: to rebound. to pilt on: to beat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > impinge [verb (intransitive)] > forcibly or violently
beatc885
pilta1200
smitec1300
dashc1305
pitchc1325
dushc1400
hitc1400
jouncec1440
hurl1470
swack1488
knock1530
jut1548
squat1587
bump1699
jowl1770
smash1835
lasha1851
ding1874
biff1904
wham1948
slam1973
the world > movement > impact > rebound > [verb (intransitive)]
to pilt up againa1200
bolt?c1225
rebounda1398
redoundc1500
stot1513
to strike upward1530
band1580
recoil1591
bound1597
result1598
retort1599
resile1641
bandy1658
resiliate1755
ricochet1804
reverberate1817
kick1832
dap1851
bounce1887
bank1962
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > strike in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > strike with pushing action > give a push
pilta1200
beara1500
put1504
hunch1581
boke1601
nudge1809
α.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 61 He wile smite..mid egge and cleuen oðer mid orde and pilten.
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 21 Take þin þombe & pylt þer-on, & ȝif it cleuey, let it boyle.
β. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 166 Hwar se muchel dunt is, hit pulteð up a ȝean oþeo [c1230 Corpus Cambr. bulteð aȝein up o þeo] ðet þer neih stondeð.γ. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 1415 (MED) Fikenhild aȝen hire pelte [v.rr. pulte, pylte] Wiþ his swerdes hilte.
3. transitive. To put forcibly. to pilt out: to put or take out by force.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > forcibly, firmly, or quickly
thudc1000
throwa1250
pilt?c1250
casta1300
pusha1350
hurla1375
paltc1390
thrusta1400
thack1542
clap1559
to throw on1560
planch1575
protrude1638
shove1807
bung1825
shoot1833
slap1836
plunk1866
slam1870
spank1880
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > thrust out
to pilt out?c1250
to do outa1500
α.
?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 109 God is sone in rode was pilt.
?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 114 (MED) Whan ȝe sweriþ gret oþis, In rode þou piltist him apan.
β. c1300 Vision St. Paul (Laud) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1874) 52 36 (MED) Sunfole soules for heore gult Weren in þat þustur put ipult.c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7713 Wo so..slou hert oþer hind, Me ssolde pulte [v.r. putte] out boþe is eye & makye him pur blind.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 4593 He bar doun vs alle, & pult vs in prison.γ. ?c1250 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 12 (MED) We bed ipelt in thos prisun hille.
4. transitive. To place, put, or set; to establish. Also reflexive: to apply. to pilt forth: to put forth, proclaim. to pilt out: to display, exhibit.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)]
uppec897
atewOE
sutelec1000
openOE
awnc1175
kithec1175
forthteec1200
tawnec1220
let witc1275
forthshowa1300
to pilt out?a1300
showa1300
barea1325
mythc1330
unfoldc1374
to open outc1390
assign1398
mustera1400
reyve?a1400
vouchc1400
manifest?a1425
outshowc1425
ostendc1429
explayc1443
objecta1500
reveala1500
patefy?1509
decipher1529
relieve1533
to set outa1540
utter1542
report1548
unbuckle1548
to set forth1551
demonstrate1553
to hold forth1560
testify1560
explicate1565
forthsetc1565
to give show of1567
denudec1572
exhibit1573
apparent1577
display?1578
carry1580
cipher1583
laya1586
foreshow1590
uncloud?1594
vision1594
explain1597
proclaim1597
unroll1598
discloud1600
remonstrate1601
resent1602
to bring out1608
palesate1613
pronounce1615
to speak out1623
elicit1641
confess1646
bear1657
breathe1667
outplay1702
to throw out1741
evolve1744
announce1781
develop1806
exfoliate1808
evince1829
exposit1882
pack1925
the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)]
doeOE
layc950
seta1000
puta1225
dight1297
pilt?a1300
stow1362
stick1372
bestowc1374
affichea1382
posec1385
couchc1386
dressa1387
assize1393
yarkc1400
sita1425
place1442
colloque1490
siegea1500
stake1513
win1515
plat1529
collocate1548
campc1550
posit1645
posture1645
constitute1652
impose1681
sist1852
shove1902
spot1937
α.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2214 Ðo breðere seckes hauen he filt, And in euerilc ðe siluer pilt.
?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 108 (MED) Womman mai turne man is wille, Whare ȝho wol pilt hir to.
c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) 894 Sitthen in good office þe kyng hem hath ipilt.
a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 4113 (MED) In þat hasp a pyn is pylt.
β. ?a1300 (c1250) Prov. Hendyng (Digby) xxv, in Anglia (1881) 4 193 (MED) If þou havest bred and ale, Pult hit nout al in þi male; Del þe sum aboute.c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 9550 (MED) It was uorþ ipult þat þe king and heo So sibbe were þat hii ne miȝte leng to gadere beo.c1390 (c1350) in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 184 (MED) Þe child tok vp on Of þe obeleys..And pult hit in þe prestes hond amidde.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. i. 125 (MED) For pryde þat he pult [v.rr. pelt, putte, put, puttede] out, his peyne hath none ende.a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 1931 (MED) His baner vpon the wall he pulte.γ. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1520 (MED) His mouþe opened þai And pelt treacle in þat man.

Derivatives

pilting n. Obsolete the action of pushing or thrusting; impact.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > [noun] > forcible, heavy, or violent
piltinga1250
racec1330
squatc1350
dasha1375
percussion?a1425
peise1490
poise1490
dashing1580
gulp1598
jolt1599
feeze1603
slam1622
arietation1625
pash1677
pulse1677
jounce1784
smash1808
smashing1821
dush1827
birr1830
dunch1831
whop1895
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > [noun] > striking with pushing action > pushing
piltinga1250
pushing1527
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 166 Þe pultunge [c1230 Corpus Cambr. bultunge] is ful liht te þolien uor his luue þet under-ueng so heuie duntes.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 4313 Þer was pultinge & ssouinge & stroc monyon.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 106v Wise men telleþ þat of metynge of roundenes and of contrarie neouynge [read meouynge] of planetis comeþ swete armenye..in pultinge & meovinge of þese rounde worldis comeþ þat swete soun.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.c1300v.a1200
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