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单词 plack
释义

plackn.1

Brit. /plak/, U.S. /plæk/
Forms: late Middle English–1600s placke, late Middle English–1600s plak, late Middle English (in a late copy)–1600s plakk, late Middle English– plack; Sc pre-1700 plac, pre-1700 plaik, pre-1700 plak, pre-1700 plake, pre-1700 plauk, pre-1700 1700s– plack, 1900s– plock (Galloway).
Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch placke.
Etymology: < Middle Dutch placke, plac small coin (originally Flemish) of varying value, current in the 14th–15th cent. (Dutch regional (Holland) †plak small coin, e.g. in 19th-cent. use in Amsterdam denoting a coin worth two and a half cents), transferred use (the original sense probably being ‘flat disc’) of placke , plac stain, spot (Dutch plak : see pleck n.). The Middle Dutch word was also borrowed into other European languages; compare Middle Low German placke , plak small Flemish coin (1424 or earlier), also coin blank, Middle French, French plaque small Flemish coin (1425; also 1478 as plack ), post-classical Latin placca , placka , plaka (from c1370 in Dutch sources; 15th cent. in a British source). Compare placard n., placket n.1
1. A coin current in the Netherlands in the 15th and 16th centuries. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > Dutch coins
seskyn1413
dodkin1415
plackc1470
Rhenish1479
Utrecht1493
Utrecht noble1494
stiver1502
doit1594
stooter1598
doublejee1707
double shilling1744
William1836
steever1892
c1470 W. Wey Itineraries 1 At Calyse ye schal haue..for a doket xxiiij plackys, that ys best money vn to Brugys. At Brugeys ye schal haue as meny of plackys for a dim. nowbyl or a doket as ye had at Calyse. For a gyldern xix plackys.
1479 R. Cely Let. 14 June in Cely Lett. (1975) 53 Item vj docatys..xxxiij s. Item in plakys v li..v li. Fl.
1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 16 Thise ben grotes of englond. Suche ther be of flaundres Plackes and half plackes [Fr. patards et demi patards].
1526 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII IV. ii. 1149 Double plakks or Carolus shall be current for 4d. as now.
a1600 ( Rec. Bluemantle Pursuivant (Julius) in C. L. Kingsford Eng. Hist. Lit. 15th Cent. (1913) 388 He gave to the Kinges ofycers of armes viijcc doble plakkys of mony of Flaunders.
2. Scottish and English regional (northern). A small billon coin issued by James III of Scotland; (also) a small copper coin current in Scotland in the 15th and 16th centuries worth four Scots pennies. Now historical.In quot. 1887, a coin of the lowest denomination.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > Scottish coins > [noun] > other Scottish coins
sterling1387
plack1473
sture1493
stick1494
bawbee1542
hardhead1559
nonsunt1559
liona1572
atchison1600
turner1631
turnover1640
bodle1650
forty penny piece1681
rigmariea1682
cross-daggera1690
mark1762
1473 Sc. Acts James III (1814) II. 105/1 As tuiching þe plakkis & þe new pennyis, þe lordis thinkis þat þe striking of þame be cessit.
a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 93 Sum penis furth a pan boddum to prent fals plakkis.
1540 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 140 A bende placke whyche ys in my purse.
a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 169 The wyffis wald refuse the said cunzie quhilk was callit ane Couchrinis plak and said to him that it wald be cryit doun.
1583 in R. W. Cochran-Patrick Rec. Coinage Scot. (1876) I. 159 That all the saides twelf pennie peices babeis and plackes with the thre pennie grottis and half plackes now current salbe brocht in to his hienes cunyehous..and thairof new money to be cunyeit.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 283 The Scots haue of long time had..Placks, which they esteemed for 4 pence, but 3 of them make an English penny.
a1705 J. Ray Itineraries in Select Remains (1760) 210 One Bodel they call Tway-pennies;..2 Bodels a Plack.
a1706 R. Sempill Life Pyper of Kilbarchan ix At bridals he wan many placks.
1786 A. de Cardonnel Numismata Scotiæ Pref. 33 The plack is an ideal coin at this present time in Scotland.
1835 H. Miller Scenes & Legends N. Scotl. xviii. 310 After collecting all the placks and boddles of the party, (little pieces of copper coin, with the head of Charles II. on one side, and the Scotch thistle on the other).
1887 J. Service Life Dr. Duguid 258 He rypit his siller spung for a plack.
1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood iv. 80 There was the weekly collection at the kirk services, where placks and doits and bodles and a variety of debased coins clinked in the plate at the kirk door.
1955 I. H. Stewart Sc. Coinage 60 At about this time [c. 1470], two new billon denominations were added to the Scottish coinage, the plack and half-plack... The types of both coins were a crowned escutcheon with a crown above and crosses beside, and on the reverse a floreate cross fourchee with a central panel enclosing a saltire and crowns in each angle.
1998 N. Holmes Sc. Coins 28 There are no surviving documents alluding to base metal coinage from the reign of James IV (1488–1513), although both placks and pennies were clearly issued in very large numbers.
3. Scottish and English regional (northern). A negligible sum of money; a thing of very small value, the smallest possible amount. See also Phrases 1. Formerly also in Irish English.Chiefly in negative contexts. Sc. National Dict. at Plack n. records this sense as still in use in north-eastern Scotland, Angus, and Perthshire in 1966 (cf. Phrases 1).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > small sum
parcelc1400
plack1530
dodkinc1555
triflec1595
denier1597
driblet1659
song1698
Flanders-fortune1699
pin money1702
doit1728
drab1828
picayune1838
sprat1883
shoestring1904
peanut1910
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth
ivy-leafc1000
needle?c1225
sloec1250
peasea1275
strawc1290
bean1297
nutc1300
buttonc1330
leekc1330
trifle1375
cress1377
goose-wing1377
sop1377
niflec1395
vetcha1400
a pin's head (also point)c1450
trump1513
plack1530
toy1530
blue point1532
grey groat1546
cherry-stone1607
jiggalorum1613
candle-enda1625
peppercorn1638
sponge1671
sneeshing1686
snottera1689
catchpenny1705
potato1757
snuff1809
pinhead1828
traneen1837
a hill of beans1863
gubbins1918
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount > the smallest amount > a jot
cornc888
grotc888
prickleOE
prickOE
pointc1300
grain1377
hair1377
motec1390
twynt1399
mitec1400
tarec1405
drop1413
ace?1440
tittlea1450
whita1450
jot1526
Jack1530
plack1530
farthingc1540
minima1585
scintil1599
atom1626
scintillation1650
punct1653
doit1660
scintilla1674
rap1792
haet1802
dottle1808
smiggot1823
hooter1839
heartbeat1855
pick1866
filament1868
hoot1878
1530 in J. Imrie et al. Burgh Court Bk. Selkirk (1960) 108 Jhone..said..that the hors suld nocht be the vor ane plauk, for ve haif na haist in our rydding.
1572 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxviii. 118 Plaitter nor pois we neuer left ane plak.
1689 Irish Hudibras 11 What thought of Ready nere a plack.
1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 175 Nae Howdie gets a social night, Or plack frae them.
1806 A. Douglas Poems 37 What use is Hebrew to a weaver? 'Twill no ae plack avail you ever.
1814 W. Scott Waverley III. iii. 17 He was na a plack the waur. View more context for this quotation
1890 A. Lowson John Guidfollow 35 Wi' no a plack i' the warld tae ca' yer ain.
4. Scottish and English regional (northern). Money, worldly goods. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1815 J. Gerrond Poems 130 Better dwell in Indian clime Than here in wa's o' stane and lime Without the placks.
1859 Arbroath Guide 10 Dec. 4 Sae she wad mak her plack, and turn Her spinnin' wheel.
1877 A. G. Murdoch Laird's Lykewake 198 The haill o' my haudin an' warldly plack. Button'd beneath the coat on my back.
1910 R. Quin Borderland 83 I ne'er again may see the frien'..Whase cheerfu' word—and ready plack Some comfort aye ensured me.

Phrases

In various proverbial phrases.
P1. As the type of a small or insignificant amount, as not worth a plack, not to care a plack, etc.
ΚΠ
1568 in J. Small Poems W. Dunbar (1893) II. 307 He wald nocht mend thame worth ane plack.
1851 W. Anderson Rhymes 133 Nae a preen nor a plack car't the Man o' the Well.
1878 C. Fleming Poems 264 There's no ane left noo worth a plack.
1922 G. P. Dunbar Whiff o' Doric 96 I carena a plack nor a farthin', nor baith.
P2. two and a plack: any amount, as much as you like, a great deal.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [phrase] > small
(and) odd money1447
two and a plack1692
red cent1837
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little importance or trivial
gnatc1000
ball play?c1225
smalla1250
triflec1290
fly1297
child's gamec1380
motec1390
mitec1400
child's playc1405
trufferyc1429
toyc1450
curiosity1474
fly-winga1500
neither mass nor matins1528
boys' play1538
nugament1543
knack?1544
fable1552
nincety-fincety1566
mouse1584
molehill1590
coot1594
scoff1594
nidgery1611
pin matter1611
triviality1611
minuity1612
feathera1616
fillip1621
rattle1622
fiddlesticka1625
apex1625
rush candle1628
punctilio1631
rushlight1635
notchet1637
peppercorn1638
petty John1640
emptiness1646
fool-fangle1647
nonny-no1652
crepundian1655
fly-biting1659
pushpin1660
whinny-whanny1673
whiffle1680
straw1692
two and a plack1692
fiddle1695
trivial1715
barley-strawa1721
nothingism1742
curse1763
nihility1765
minutia1782
bee's knee1797
minutiae1797
niff-naff1808
playwork1824
floccinaucity1829
trivialism1830
chicken feed1834
nonsensical1842
meemaw1862
infinitesimality1867
pinfall1868
fidfad1875
flummadiddle1882
quantité négligeable1885
quotidian1902
pipsqueak1905
hickey1909
piddle1910
cream puff1920
squat1934
administrivia1937
chickenshit1938
cream puff1938
diddly-squat1963
non-issue1965
Tinkertoy1972
1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence iii. 106 I'le hazard twa and a plack.
1794 ‘Tam Thrum’ Look afore ye Loup 6 There's some o' them wou'd gie twa an' a plack they had never seen't.
1820 W. Scott Abbot I. vi. 132 I would not Sir Halbert had seen her..for two and a plack.
1896 A. Cheviot Prov. & Pop. Rhymes Scotl. 185 I wouldna lose thee for twa and a plack.
P3. plack and bawbee, plack and bodle, etc.: in full, every penny, to the last farthing.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [phrase] > in full or every penny
plack and bodle1787
1787 W. Taylor Scots Poems 6 Ise frankly own mysel his debtor For plack an' boddle.
1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xxx. 264 Plack and bawbee to the uttermost will be required aff ye.
1864 W. D. Latto Tammas Bodkin iv It's a' here, Mr. Bodkin—every plack an' bawbee o't.
1895 G. Williams Scarbraes 28 Gin ye're fined, I'se pay't, plack and farthing.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, in the sense ‘of the value of or costing a plack’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > paltry, mean, or contemptible
unworthlyc1230
wretcha1250
seely1297
vilec1320
not worth a cress (kerse)1377
the value of a rushc1380
threadbarec1412
wretched1450
miserable?a1513
rascal1519
prettya1522
not worth a whistlea1529
pegrall1535
plack1539
pelting1540
scald1542
sleeveless1551
baggage1553
paltering1553
piddling1559
twopenny1560
paltry1565
rubbish1565
baggagely1573
pelfish1577
halfpenny1579
palting1579
baubling1581
three-halfpenny1581
pitiful1582
triobolar1585
squirting1589
not worth a lousea1592
hedge1596
cheap1597
peddling1597
dribbling1600
mean1600
rascally1600
three-farthingc1600
draughty1602
dilute1605
copper1609
peltry?a1610
threepenny1613
pelsy1631
pimping1640
triobolary1644
pigwidgeon1647
dustya1649
fiddling1652
puddlinga1653
insignificant1658
piteous1667
snotty1681
scrubbed1688
dishonourable1699
scrub1711
footy1720
fouty1722
rubbishing1731
chuck-farthing1748
rubbishy1753
shabby1753
scrubby1754
poxya1758
rubbishly1777
waff-like1808
trinkety1817
meanish1831
one-eyed1843
twiddling1844
measly1847
poking1850
picayunish1852
vild1853
picayune1856
snide1859
two-cent1859
rummagy1872
faddling1883
finicking1886
slushy1889
twopence halfpenny1890
jerk1893
pissy1922
crappy1928
two-bit1932
piddly1933
chickenshit1934
pissing1937
penny packet1943
farkakte1960
pony1964
gay1978
1539 Haddington Burgh Rec. 29 Jan. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Plak That na breid be bakin bot plak breid, tua peny breid, and peny breid.
1551 MS Rec. Aberdeen XXIV in Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1880) III. 502/1 His wyf brewit plak-aill.
1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 204 His plak Pardonis, are bot lardonis, Of new fund vanitie.
1604 in S. Ree Rec. Elgin (1908) II. 130 That ane plak candill be provydit ilk nycht to the evening prayeris.
1690 in M. A. Forbes Curiosities Scots Charta Chest For 6 plack pyes [ed. pigs] 00.02.00.
1706 J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems i. 23 Panches, Saucers, Sheepheads, Cheats, Plack-pyes.
1731 Old Edinb. Club (1930) 72 For bread to said 24 persons for two days 48 plack loaves is Reckon'd necessary, being 16d.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet III. vii. 198 He asked..‘Whether he could have a plack-pie’?
1849 Cases Court of Session 11 29 A bill for letters of loosing of arrestment was a plack bill.
1899 Westm. Gaz. 28 July 5/3 From ancient times the revenues in Scotch burghs were derived from small imposts, variously called petty customs, plack dues, and so on,..levied on animals and goods entering the burgh.
C2.
plack's-worth n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1643 in C. K. Sharpe Hist. Acct. Belief Witchcraft in Scotl. (1884) 116 For sending back a plack's worth of salt.
1777 Whole Proc. Jockey & Maggy (rev. ed.) v. 30 Swieth Maggy gae mak me a cogfu' o' milk brose, an' a placks worth o' spice in them.
1823 W. Tennant Cardinal Beaton i. iii Except a dry paternoster, and a drap holy water to sloken't wi' nae a plack's-worth we get frae ony o' them.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

plackn.2

Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare Middle French, French plaque (see plaque n.), but this is apparently not attested in sense ‘map’ or ‘plan’, and the semantic development would be difficult to account for; the same applies to Middle French, French plaquette (see plaquette n.). Compare placket n.2
Obsolete. rare.
= placket n.2
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > a plan or diagram
plat1508
plot1551
plack1552
placket1552
lineament1570
draught1580
landscape1642
plan1664
speculum1676
chart1880
1552 T. Barnabe in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) II. ii. App. E. 154 He sent me thither upon the kings cost: and I drew a plack of yt, and brought yt to hym.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

plackn.3

Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown.
Scottish. Obsolete. rare.
A large pile of hay which is ready to be carried and stored.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > bundle of hay or straw
feald?14..
bottlec1405
bunch?a1505
straw wisp?a1513
stook1571
wad1573
botillage1576
windling1645
pottle1730
bolting1784
strike1817
windle1825
wap1828
hay-pack1841
wake1847
plack1871
tibbin1900
1871 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 213 Rickles, the biggest of all the cocks, which are run together into placks, the shapeless heaps from which the hay is carted.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2019).
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