pontiffn.

Brit.

/ˈpɒntɪf/, U.S.

/ˈpɑn(t)əf/

Forms: 1500s–1600s pontife, 1500s–1600s pontiffe, 1500s–1700s pontif, 1500s– pontiff. Also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pontife.

Etymology: < Middle French, French pontife, pontif the Pope (beginning of the 16th cent. in souverain pontif ), person vested with a sacred ministry (1538), bishop (1564) < classical Latin pontifex pontifex n.

1. Originally: a bishop of the early Western Church. Now: spec. the bishop of Rome, the Pope (often with distinguishing word, as supreme pontiff, sovereign pontiff, Roman pontiff, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > [noun]

popeeOE

apostoilec1275

vicary1303

vicar1340

bridge maker1341

Antichristc1370

vicar generalc1386

Holy Fatherc1400

servant of the servants of Godc1405

His Holy Fatherhood?a1425

universal bishopc1475

holiness1502

harlot1535

papa1555

Apostolic seat1560

vicegerent1572

man of Rome1581

pontiff1583

bullman1588

apostolicship1599

Pontifex Maximus1610

infallibleship1613

sanctity1633

popeship1641

decretaliarch1656

blessedness1670

Holy seata1674

infallibilityship1679

pontifexa1680

holyshipc1680

unholiness1682

His Infallibility1834

Pape1927

1583 Ld. Burghley Execution of Iustice sig. C.i^v The highest Pontiffe or Bishoppe, graunted these foresaid graces to father Robert Persons and Edmonde Campion.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden Ep. Ded. sig. C2^v A great Pontife or Demy-god in omnisufficiencie thou wouldst enstall him.

a1677 I. Barrow Treat. Pope's Supremacy (1680) 8 We..pronounce it to be of necessity to Salvation..to be subject to the Roman Pontife.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. viii. 105 The then reigning pontiff having favoured duke William in his projected invasion.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. p. lxvi/2 (note) The Roman pontiffs resided seventy years at Avignon.

1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands II. 275 By far the most remarkable among modern pontiffs, was Sixtus the Fifth, the son of a peasant in the March of Ancona.

1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity III. vi. i. 7 The Bishop of Toul did not travel to Rome as a pontiff, but as a pilgrim.

1906 Q. Rev. July 267 M. Loubet had grievously offended the Sovereign Pontiff.

1993 Times 5 June 12/7 The items..include..‘Pope-Scopes’—mini-periscopes to enable those at the back of the crowd to see the pontiff.

2. A chief or high priest of any religion. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun]

bishopc893

prelate?c1225

prince of priests?c1225

high priestc1400

pontificala1450

emperor clerkc1475

gentleman untrial1486

dignitya1525

Aaron1565

hierarch1574

presul1577

monsignor1579

church governor1588

pontiff1589

archbishop1600

monseigneur1601

monsignor1611

sheikh1613

protomist1619

Mar1622

hyperochality1637

protarch1654

pontifex1655

prelatical1658

dignitary1672

hierophanta1676

Monsig.1698

ecclesiarch1781

arch-pontiff1790

Mgr1848

Msgr.1868

patriarch-

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 210 A persecution of the Arabians by some seditious Mahometanes in the time of their Pontif. Habdul mumi.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 711 Coy-fi, who had beene a Pontife or Bishop of the heathen rites and ceremonies.

1686 tr. J. Chardin Coronation Solyman 59 in Trav. Persia A new Sadre, or Mahometan Pontiff, or Metropolitan of the whole Empire.

1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. vi. 171 The Khalifa of Bagdad..the legitimate Successor of Mahomet, and Sovereign Imaum or Pontiff of all the Mussulmans.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xx. 207 After the death of Crispus, the remorse of his father accepted from the ministers of Christianity the expiation which he had vainly solicited from the Pagan pontiffs.

1837 T. De Quincey Revolt of Tartars in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 93/1 The other accomplice..whose rank was that of Lama, or Kalmuck pontiff, was a person of far more distinguished pretensions.

1895 Westm. Gaz. 9 Sept. 2/3 Which only shows that the Pontiffs of Science are no more infallible than other Infallibles.

1934 A. Huxley Let. 28 Apr. (1969) 380 Wouldn't it be more suitable to have some sociological pontiff do the job?

1996 Armenian Reporter (Nexis) 13 Jan. 2 In Turkey the state runs religious affairs..from the assignment of muezzins (priests) to muftis (Muslim pontiff).

3. Roman History. = pontifex n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > ancient Roman

father patrate1533

fetial1533

flamen1533

pontifex1579

pontiff1600

septemvir1600

pontifice1603

Arval Brethren1656

Salian1781

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xl. 1087 M. Aemylius Lepidus was created the soveraigne pontife, notwithstanding many noble persons made suite therefore.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §771 Livy doth relate, that there were found..two coffins..whereof the one contained the body of king Numa,..and the other, his books of sacred rites and ceremonies, and the discipline of the pontifs.

1783 T. Wilson Archæol. Dict. at Epulones Cicero says the epulones were appointed to relieve the pontiffs who were not able to go thro' all the duties in the numerous sacrifices.

a1832 J. T. Graves Rom. & Canon Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 755/1 It is probable that Papirius, who was himself a pontiff, directed his attention principally to religious ceremonies.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 386/2 Appointed consul suffectus in the following year, he was admitted into the college of pontiffs and made governor of Britain.

2002 Coin News Apr. 24/3 There are quinarii which allude to his religious offices as Flamen and Pontiff.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

† pontiff gall n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Third 16 'Twas not the Strife of Malice, but of Pride; The Strife of Pontif Pride, not Pontif Gall.

† pontiff pride n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Third 16 'Twas not the Strife of Malice, but of Pride; The Strife of Pontif Pride, not Pontif Gall.

1835 G. Daniel Immortality in Mod. Dunciad 284 Where Pontiff pride, And bigot cruelty together hold Their midnight orgies.

C2.

pontiff purple n. rare a shade of purple associated with pontifical vestments; cf. pontifical adj. 5.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [noun] > deep purple

royal purple1605

imperial purple1750

Parma violet1822

Modena1879

prelate purple1881

pontiff purple1900

violette de Parme1904

1900 Daily News 13 Oct. 6/5 In all the new colours, brown, mauve, heliotrope, Pontiff purple.

1944 Lincoln (Nebraska) Jrnl. 20 Sept. 9/4 (advt.) Pontiff Purple, Black, or Brown.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pontiff
释义	pontiffn. Brit. /ˈpɒntɪf/, U.S. /ˈpɑn(t)əf/ Forms: 1500s–1600s pontife, 1500s–1600s pontiffe, 1500s–1700s pontif, 1500s– pontiff. Also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pontife. Etymology: < Middle French, French pontife, pontif the Pope (beginning of the 16th cent. in souverain pontif ), person vested with a sacred ministry (1538), bishop (1564) < classical Latin pontifex pontifex n. 1. Originally: a bishop of the early Western Church. Now: spec. the bishop of Rome, the Pope (often with distinguishing word, as supreme pontiff, sovereign pontiff, Roman pontiff, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > [noun] popeeOE apostoilec1275 vicary1303 vicar1340 bridge maker1341 Antichristc1370 vicar generalc1386 Holy Fatherc1400 servant of the servants of Godc1405 His Holy Fatherhood?a1425 universal bishopc1475 holiness1502 harlot1535 papa1555 Apostolic seat1560 vicegerent1572 man of Rome1581 pontiff1583 bullman1588 apostolicship1599 Pontifex Maximus1610 infallibleship1613 sanctity1633 popeship1641 decretaliarch1656 blessedness1670 Holy seata1674 infallibilityship1679 pontifexa1680 holyshipc1680 unholiness1682 His Infallibility1834 Pape1927 1583 Ld. Burghley Execution of Iustice sig. C.i^v The highest Pontiffe or Bishoppe, graunted these foresaid graces to father Robert Persons and Edmonde Campion. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden Ep. Ded. sig. C2^v A great Pontife or Demy-god in omnisufficiencie thou wouldst enstall him. a1677 I. Barrow Treat. Pope's Supremacy (1680) 8 We..pronounce it to be of necessity to Salvation..to be subject to the Roman Pontife. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. viii. 105 The then reigning pontiff having favoured duke William in his projected invasion. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. p. lxvi/2 (note) The Roman pontiffs resided seventy years at Avignon. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands II. 275 By far the most remarkable among modern pontiffs, was Sixtus the Fifth, the son of a peasant in the March of Ancona. 1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity III. vi. i. 7 The Bishop of Toul did not travel to Rome as a pontiff, but as a pilgrim. 1906 Q. Rev. July 267 M. Loubet had grievously offended the Sovereign Pontiff. 1993 Times 5 June 12/7 The items..include..‘Pope-Scopes’—mini-periscopes to enable those at the back of the crowd to see the pontiff. 2. A chief or high priest of any religion. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] bishopc893 prelate?c1225 prince of priests?c1225 high priestc1400 pontificala1450 emperor clerkc1475 gentleman untrial1486 dignitya1525 Aaron1565 hierarch1574 presul1577 monsignor1579 church governor1588 pontiff1589 archbishop1600 monseigneur1601 monsignor1611 sheikh1613 protomist1619 Mar1622 hyperochality1637 protarch1654 pontifex1655 prelatical1658 dignitary1672 hierophanta1676 Monsig.1698 ecclesiarch1781 arch-pontiff1790 Mgr1848 Msgr.1868 patriarch- 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 210 A persecution of the Arabians by some seditious Mahometanes in the time of their Pontif. Habdul mumi. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 711 Coy-fi, who had beene a Pontife or Bishop of the heathen rites and ceremonies. 1686 tr. J. Chardin Coronation Solyman 59 in Trav. Persia A new Sadre, or Mahometan Pontiff, or Metropolitan of the whole Empire. 1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. vi. 171 The Khalifa of Bagdad..the legitimate Successor of Mahomet, and Sovereign Imaum or Pontiff of all the Mussulmans. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xx. 207 After the death of Crispus, the remorse of his father accepted from the ministers of Christianity the expiation which he had vainly solicited from the Pagan pontiffs. 1837 T. De Quincey Revolt of Tartars in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 93/1 The other accomplice..whose rank was that of Lama, or Kalmuck pontiff, was a person of far more distinguished pretensions. 1895 Westm. Gaz. 9 Sept. 2/3 Which only shows that the Pontiffs of Science are no more infallible than other Infallibles. 1934 A. Huxley Let. 28 Apr. (1969) 380 Wouldn't it be more suitable to have some sociological pontiff do the job? 1996 Armenian Reporter (Nexis) 13 Jan. 2 In Turkey the state runs religious affairs..from the assignment of muezzins (priests) to muftis (Muslim pontiff). 3. Roman History. = pontifex n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > ancient Roman father patrate1533 fetial1533 flamen1533 pontifex1579 pontiff1600 septemvir1600 pontifice1603 Arval Brethren1656 Salian1781 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xl. 1087 M. Aemylius Lepidus was created the soveraigne pontife, notwithstanding many noble persons made suite therefore. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §771 Livy doth relate, that there were found..two coffins..whereof the one contained the body of king Numa,..and the other, his books of sacred rites and ceremonies, and the discipline of the pontifs. 1783 T. Wilson Archæol. Dict. at Epulones Cicero says the epulones were appointed to relieve the pontiffs who were not able to go thro' all the duties in the numerous sacrifices. a1832 J. T. Graves Rom. & Canon Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 755/1 It is probable that Papirius, who was himself a pontiff, directed his attention principally to religious ceremonies. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 386/2 Appointed consul suffectus in the following year, he was admitted into the college of pontiffs and made governor of Britain. 2002 Coin News Apr. 24/3 There are quinarii which allude to his religious offices as Flamen and Pontiff. Compounds C1. General attributive. † pontiff gall n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Third 16 'Twas not the Strife of Malice, but of Pride; The Strife of Pontif Pride, not Pontif Gall. † pontiff pride n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Third 16 'Twas not the Strife of Malice, but of Pride; The Strife of Pontif Pride, not Pontif Gall. 1835 G. Daniel Immortality in Mod. Dunciad 284 Where Pontiff pride, And bigot cruelty together hold Their midnight orgies. C2. pontiff purple n. rare a shade of purple associated with pontifical vestments; cf. pontifical adj. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [noun] > deep purple royal purple1605 imperial purple1750 Parma violet1822 Modena1879 prelate purple1881 pontiff purple1900 violette de Parme1904 1900 Daily News 13 Oct. 6/5 In all the new colours, brown, mauve, heliotrope, Pontiff purple. 1944 Lincoln (Nebraska) Jrnl. 20 Sept. 9/4 (advt.) Pontiff Purple, Black, or Brown. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1583
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