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单词 proposal
释义

proposaln.

Brit. /prəˈpəʊzl/, U.S. /prəˈpoʊz(ə)l/
Forms: 1500s–1700s proposall, 1600s– proposal.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: propose v., -al suffix1.
Etymology: < propose v. + -al suffix1. Compare earlier propose n., proposition n.
1.
a. The action of setting forth or propounding something; an instance of this; a statement. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > [noun]
declaration1340
propositionc1390
presentmentc1454
unsecretness1526
advancement1532
representation1553
upgiving1574
pronouncement1593
presentation1597
proposal1597
declarement1633
pronounce1641
enunciation1651
declaring1667
advance1699
declarature1729
statement1776
stating1780
constatation1952
1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xxxviii. 511 Although this sentence which I haue in hand, be the last of the mandate, in order and disposition of wordes, yet is it first in proposall.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. viii. 492/1 By proposall of conditions exceeding either Reason or Possibility, hee dammed vp all passages to peaceable agreement.
1638 W. Chillingworth Relig. Protestants i. iii. §57. 165 You must..believe the Church infallible in all her proposalls, be they foundations, or be they superstructions.
1667 R. Allestree Causes Decay Christian Piety i. 16 This clear proposal of the promises is most proper to encourage and inspirit our endeavours.
1699 P. Gordon Geogr. Anatomized (ed. 2) Pref. sig. A4 As a strange and unheard-off Phenomenon, suddenly appearing in the Natural World,..raiseth a Curiosity in some to enquire into the Reason of it; even so is the Proposal of a Paradoxical Truth to the Intellectual.
b. The action of presenting something to the mind for contemplation; an instance of this; a prospect. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > [noun]
proffera1325
presentation1427
presentingc1430
offer1433
proposition1541
tender1577
tendry1624
tendering1625
offerture1631
proposala1640
deference1660
oblation1678
offering1706
porrection1715
a1640 T. Jackson Μαραν Αθα (1657) 3641 The proposal of others miseries, makes souls so affected, cleek the faster hold.
1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling i. v. §4 God's Laws..are inforced upon us by the proposals both of punishments and rewards.
1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 610 He will dazle his Eyes..with the luscious Proposal of some gainfull Purchase.
2.
a. An act or (less commonly) the action of proposing that something be done, or of proposing to do something; a suggested or intended plan, scheme, or course of action; spec. one submitted formally for consideration.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > a plan > a proposed plan or a project
propositiona1382
present?a1400
motiona1425
pleaa1500
action1533
propose1568
project1582
proposala1629
projection1633
party1653
projecture1658
scheme1719
ad referendum1753
swim1860
action plan1889
a1629 T. Goffe Raging Turke (1631) iv. iv. sig. Iv The cause why they deny This iust proposall, riseth from an vse And customary licence long obseru'd.
1670 in Minutes & Accts. Feoffees Peterborough (Northants. Rec. Soc.) (1937) 175 It is ordered by the Governoures vpon Mr. Mortimers request and proposall to give security to ye Governoures to saue them harmelesse that ye same accomptes shalbee by them allowed.
1701 D. Defoe Memorial To direct them to such things as they thihk [sic] fit, either by Petition, Address, Proposal, Memorial, or any other Peaceable way.
1705 Boston News-let. 2 July 2/2 There is this day Printed and to be Sold at the Post-Office, half a Sheet..to Encourage the Sowing of Hemp..several Objections answered, with some proposals for others to promote the same.
1750 Bible (Challoner) IV. 1 Macc. vi. 60 And the proposal was acceptable in the sight of the king, and of the princes.
1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. ii. 105 It was not possible to agree to a proposal so extraordinary and unexpected.
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 382 A proposal of annulling all the taxes.
1832 Graham's Town Jrnl. (S. Afr.) 20 Apr. 66 The mere proposal to confine a Dutch farmer to two hundred and fifty morgen of land, would be scouted as an extravagant absurdity.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §4. 493 The proposal was welcomed with..enthusiasm.
1910 Columbia Law Rev. 10 363 The courts, if restraining submission would probably do so..only because of irregularities in the form or process of proposal.
1957 A. E. Stevenson New Amer. II. ii. 45 We must come forward with proposals which will bear witness to our desire to move toward and not away from disarmament.
1988 M. Seymour Ring of Conspirators viii. 234 James declared himself delighted to take up their proposal of a luncheon at their Brook Street hotel.
2003 Daily Tel. 8 May 1/6 The agency is consulting on a proposal to ban the use and sale of chromium picolinate.
b. spec. An offer of marriage.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > proposal of marriage > [noun]
offer1548
proposal1657
declaration1740
1657 J. Davies tr. H. D'Urfé Astrea I. 113 After many expressions of gratitude and obligations to him for my education, and this proposal of Marriage, I answered him.
1691 Turkish Spy III. xvi. 70 I Formerly acquainted thee, That Uladislaus King of Poland, sought Christina, Queen of Sueden, in Marriage; but, that his Proposal was rejected.
1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 87 No Man of common Sense will value a Woman the less, for not giving up herself at the first Attack, or for [not] accepting his Proposal without enquiring into his Person or Character.
1762 S. Scott Descr. Millenium Hall 241 Mrs. Alworth was informed..that Miss Denham had received a proposal from a gentleman of a good estate, but he insisted on a fortune of nine thousand pounds.
1782 F. Burney Cecilia I. ii. vii. 283 Her unaffected aversion to the proposals she had received.
1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey xiv. 226 If you had seen poor Hatfield's intense eagerness in making his ardent declaration and his flattering proposal.
1900 E. Glyn Visits of Elizabeth (1906) 53 Dearest Mamma,—I have had a proposal! Isn't it too interesting?
1940 W. H. Auden Another Time 84 The first time he made his proposal, She laughed, said: ‘I'll never wed.’
2000 Scotsman (Nexis) 28 Feb. 8 The survey shows just over 50 per cent of men would say ‘Yes’ if their girlfriend got down on one knee for a 29 February proposal.
c. A formal tender to secure a contract, etc. Now chiefly North American.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > buying > [noun] > bidding or offering to buy > the bid or offer
bodec1200
lof1556
tender1666
proposal1701
ticket1778
bid1788
counter-bid1960
1701 J. L. Let. Member of Parl. 12 Sir Thomas Cook did..go to the Committee appointed to receive Proposals for paying off the Publick Debts..and made an Offer from the Old East India Company, to pay off [etc.].
1748 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 158 A Committee..to receive proposals for doing the whole work... And that all proposals be given in to them..sealed up.
1797 Diary (N.Y.) 7 Mar. 1/4 To that end [they] will receive Proposals, sealed, at the City-Clerk's office.
1836 Newcastle Courant 24 Dec. 1/1 (advt.) To Plate-layers and others. The Directors of the Stanhope and Tyne Railroad Company wish to receive Proposals for the Up~holding of their Road.
1914 Chicago Tribune 8 May 14 Sealed proposals plainly marked on the outside ‘Proposals for coal’..will be received at the Indian Office.
1994 Canad. Sailings 12 Dec. 19/1 The Montreal Port Corporation is prepared to receive proposals for the renting and operating of Elevator No. 5 for the stevedoring purposes of handling breakbulk cargo.
2002 W. L. Heydt in P. J. Andrisani et al. New Public Managem. xxi. 208 The degree to which local dealerships and repair shops are encouraged to submit proposals to operate the City garage.
d. Law. A written request submitted to a clerk of the Court of Chancery in certain circumstances (see quot. 1848). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 550/1 Proposal, a statement in writing of some special matter submitted to the consideration of a chief clerk in the Court of Chancery, pursuant to an order made upon an application ex parte, or a decretal order of the court. It is either for maintenance of an infant, appointment of a guardian, placing a ward of the court at the university, or in the army, or [etc.].
3. Mathematics. The event whose probability is to be calculated given a particular set of a priori circumstances. Also in extended use in Logic. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > theoretical scientific philosophy > [noun] > probability theory or elements of
Spielraum1921
proposal1932
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical truth > [noun] > terms relating to probability theory
equiprobability1921
Spielraum1921
probabilism1929
proposal1932
probabilification1936
1932 W. E. Johnson in Mind 41 1 (title) Probability: the relations of proposal to supposal.
1932 W. E. Johnson in Mind 41 5 Any statement of implication, whether formal or material, may be translated into the language of probability by taking the implicans as supposal and the implicate as proposal.
1944 Mind 53 98 Following Johnson I shall call the proposition on the left of the solidus the ‘proposal’ and that on the right of it the ‘supposal’.
1964 Mind 73 553 In ‘p(x, y)’ the statement x is known as ‘the proposal’ and the statement y is known as ‘the supposal’.

Compounds

General attributive.
proposal form n.
ΚΠ
1852 Times 13 Jan. 2/4 (advt.) Prospectuses and proposal forms may be had at the offices.
1976 H. Carmichael False Evidence xi. 155 His plan was to swindle the insurance company. When he signed the proposal form that was his intent.
proposal paper n.
ΚΠ
1855 Times 26 Feb. 3/5 (advt.) The Asylum Life Assurance Office... For prospectuses, proposal papers, &c. apply to Manley Hopkins.
1859 J. Lang Wanderings in India 25 A lady..actually sent round a proposal paper in her own handwriting, and by one of her own servants. She failed of course.
1999 Dallas Morning News (Nexis) 19 Jan. a15 Fellowships..are earned through the submission by the student nominee of a proposal paper detailing what, where and why they plan to study with the fellowship.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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