† repev.¹

Forms:

α. Old English hreppan, Old English reppan, early Middle English reppe.

β. Old English hrepian, Old English repian, early Middle English hrepe, early Middle English reope (south-west midlands), early Middle English repie (south-western and south-west midlands), early Middle English ropi (south-west midlands), Middle English repe.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian reppa to move, stir, Middle Dutch reppen to move, to make haste, to handle, touch (Dutch reppen ), Middle Low German reppen to move, stir, to touch, handle, Old Icelandic hreppa to get, obtain < the same Germanic base as rape v.¹In Old English originally a weak verb of Class I (hreppan ; compare α. forms); however, a Class II by-form (hrepian ; compare β. forms) is also frequently attested. The early Middle English (south-west midlands) form reope reflects back mutation of e to eo ; the form ropi with o for expected eo probably shows either an Anglo-Norman spelling of the mid front rounded vowel or a shift of stress from a falling to a rising diphthong and subsequent monophthongization. In Old English the prefixed form gehrepian (compare y- prefix) is also attested; compare also ahrepian to treat of, to touch on (a matter) (see arep(pe v.).

Obsolete.

transitive. To touch; to lay hold of, seize; to take away. Also: to touch on (a matter), treat of, mention.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)]

gripea900

afangOE

to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE

repeOE

atfonga1000

keepc1000

fang1016

kip1297

seize1338

to seize on or upon1399

to grip toc1400

rapc1415

to rap and rendc1415

comprise1423

forsetc1430

grip1488

to put (one's) hand(s) on (also in, to, unto, upon)1495

compass1509

to catch hold1520

hap1528

to lay hold (up)on, of1535

seisin?c1550

cly1567

scratch1582

attach1590

asseizea1593

grasp1642

to grasp at1677

collar1728

smuss1736

get1763

pin1768

grabble1796

bag1818

puckerow1843

nobble1877

jump1882

snaffle1902

snag1962

pull1967

the world > physical sensation > touch and feeling > touching > touching with the hand > touch or feel with the hand [verb (transitive)]

repeOE

warpa1225

treatc1384

feela1400

palp1534

palpabrize1593

fista1616

handa1616

thrumble1632

to set (one's) hand to1638

to feel of ——1678

digitize1689

the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp

i-fangc888

gripc950

repeOE

befongOE

keepc1000

latchc1000

hentOE

begripec1175

becatchc1200

fang?c1200

i-gripea1225

warpa1225

fastenc1225

arepa1250

to set (one's) hand(s onc1290

kip1297

cleach?a1300

hendc1300

fasta1325

reachc1330

seizec1374

beclipc1380

takea1387

span1398

to seize on or upon1399

getc1440

handc1460

to catch hold1520

to take hold1530

to lay hold (up)on, of1535

grasple1553

to have by the backa1555

handfast1562

apprehend1572

grapple1582

to clap hold of1583

comprehend1584

graspa1586

attach1590

gripple1591

engrasp1593

clum1594

to seize of1600

begriple1607

fast hold1611

impalm1611

fista1616

to set (one's) hand to1638

to get one's hands on1649

α.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxxiv. 473 Se þe eow hrepað hit bið me swa egle swilce he hreppe [c1175 Bodl. 343 repede] mines eagan seo.

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 22 Ne þeah heo [sc. seo sawul] sume stemne gehyre, heo hit ne understent; ne þeah hi hwa hreppe [c1175 Bodl. 343 rine uel reppe] heo hit ne gefret.

OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Num. (Claud.) xxi. 22 Ne reppe we ðine æceras oððe wineardas.

c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) l. 111 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 465 (MED) He nolde soffri þis fole wumman his bodi enes to reppe.

β. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) x. 259 Þises godspelles angin hrepode ures hælendes þrowunge.OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) viii. 3 Ða astrehte se Hælend hys hand & hrepode [c1200 Hatton repede] hyne.c1225 (?OE) Soul's Addr. to Body (Worcester) (Fragm. G) l. 28 Nis hit non sellic..þauh ic..þet soþe repie, for ic was ilered of mine leoue fæder feire on frumþe.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 68 Foxes..draheð in to hare hole al þet ha mahen reopen [?c1225 Cleo. ropin; a1250 Titus repen; a1250 Nero arepen; L. rapere] & rinnen.c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) l. 89 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 464 (MED) Heo ne dorste ore louerd repie nouȝht.a1400 Ancrene Riwle (Pepys) (1976) 49 Foxes..cracchen al to hem þat hij mowen repen and renden.a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 2599 (MED) Eek gees is good to haue in special, For thei wil wake folke that ar aslepe, The foo comynge her welth away to repe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

† repev.²

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: repe v.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain (see note below).Probably the same word as repe v.¹, although this presents semantic difficulties. The precise meaning in the quot. is unclear: perhaps either ‘to launch (an attack) on a person’ (compare Middle Eng. Dict. at rēpen v.(2)), or (taking the a of ares as the preposition on ) ‘to seize (a person or thing) from someone (in an attack)’, or (assuming a scribal error of omission of in after him ) ‘to bestir oneself (in an attack)’, the latter representing a reflexive use of repe v.¹ that is apparently independently attested; compare the following example (in which, interestingly, the word res also occurs) and compare also the senses of some of the Germanic cognates at repe v.¹:c1450 (a1400) Sir Eglamour (Calig.) (1965) l. 288 Hys hondes began for to bay: That herde þe gyaunt þer he lay, And repys hym on a rese [c1440 Thornton repid hym of his resse]. Alternatively, perhaps representing a south-eastern reflex of Old English rȳpan ripe v.² in sense ‘to rob or plunder (a person)’ (once again assuming omission of in after him ); or perhaps a scribal error for raped , representing the past tense of either rape v.¹ (used reflexively: compare rape v.¹ 1a, especially quot. a1400) in sense ‘to hurry (in an attack)’ (again assuming omission of in) or of rape v.² (although this is first attested later) in sense ‘to seize (a person or thing) from someone (in an attack)’.

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. Meaning uncertain: see etymology.

ΚΠ

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 28 (MED) His bold borwes he ches, His men he slouȝ among, And reped him mani ares.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	repe
释义	† repev.¹ Forms: α. Old English hreppan, Old English reppan, early Middle English reppe. β. Old English hrepian, Old English repian, early Middle English hrepe, early Middle English reope (south-west midlands), early Middle English repie (south-western and south-west midlands), early Middle English ropi (south-west midlands), Middle English repe. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian reppa to move, stir, Middle Dutch reppen to move, to make haste, to handle, touch (Dutch reppen ), Middle Low German reppen to move, stir, to touch, handle, Old Icelandic hreppa to get, obtain < the same Germanic base as rape v.¹In Old English originally a weak verb of Class I (hreppan ; compare α. forms); however, a Class II by-form (hrepian ; compare β. forms) is also frequently attested. The early Middle English (south-west midlands) form reope reflects back mutation of e to eo ; the form ropi with o for expected eo probably shows either an Anglo-Norman spelling of the mid front rounded vowel or a shift of stress from a falling to a rising diphthong and subsequent monophthongization. In Old English the prefixed form gehrepian (compare y- prefix) is also attested; compare also ahrepian to treat of, to touch on (a matter) (see arep(pe v.). Obsolete. transitive. To touch; to lay hold of, seize; to take away. Also: to touch on (a matter), treat of, mention. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] gripea900 afangOE to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE repeOE atfonga1000 keepc1000 fang1016 kip1297 seize1338 to seize on or upon1399 to grip toc1400 rapc1415 to rap and rendc1415 comprise1423 forsetc1430 grip1488 to put (one's) hand(s) on (also in, to, unto, upon)1495 compass1509 to catch hold1520 hap1528 to lay hold (up)on, of1535 seisin?c1550 cly1567 scratch1582 attach1590 asseizea1593 grasp1642 to grasp at1677 collar1728 smuss1736 get1763 pin1768 grabble1796 bag1818 puckerow1843 nobble1877 jump1882 snaffle1902 snag1962 pull1967 the world > physical sensation > touch and feeling > touching > touching with the hand > touch or feel with the hand [verb (transitive)] repeOE warpa1225 treatc1384 feela1400 palp1534 palpabrize1593 fista1616 handa1616 thrumble1632 to set (one's) hand to1638 to feel of ——1678 digitize1689 the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp i-fangc888 gripc950 repeOE befongOE keepc1000 latchc1000 hentOE begripec1175 becatchc1200 fang?c1200 i-gripea1225 warpa1225 fastenc1225 arepa1250 to set (one's) hand(s onc1290 kip1297 cleach?a1300 hendc1300 fasta1325 reachc1330 seizec1374 beclipc1380 takea1387 span1398 to seize on or upon1399 getc1440 handc1460 to catch hold1520 to take hold1530 to lay hold (up)on, of1535 grasple1553 to have by the backa1555 handfast1562 apprehend1572 grapple1582 to clap hold of1583 comprehend1584 graspa1586 attach1590 gripple1591 engrasp1593 clum1594 to seize of1600 begriple1607 fast hold1611 impalm1611 fista1616 to set (one's) hand to1638 to get one's hands on1649 α. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxxiv. 473 Se þe eow hrepað hit bið me swa egle swilce he hreppe [c1175 Bodl. 343 repede] mines eagan seo. OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 22 Ne þeah heo [sc. seo sawul] sume stemne gehyre, heo hit ne understent; ne þeah hi hwa hreppe [c1175 Bodl. 343 rine uel reppe] heo hit ne gefret. OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Num. (Claud.) xxi. 22 Ne reppe we ðine æceras oððe wineardas. c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) l. 111 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 465 (MED) He nolde soffri þis fole wumman his bodi enes to reppe. β. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) x. 259 Þises godspelles angin hrepode ures hælendes þrowunge.OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) viii. 3 Ða astrehte se Hælend hys hand & hrepode [c1200 Hatton repede] hyne.c1225 (?OE) Soul's Addr. to Body (Worcester) (Fragm. G) l. 28 Nis hit non sellic..þauh ic..þet soþe repie, for ic was ilered of mine leoue fæder feire on frumþe.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 68 Foxes..draheð in to hare hole al þet ha mahen reopen [?c1225 Cleo. ropin; a1250 Titus repen; a1250 Nero arepen; L. rapere] & rinnen.c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) l. 89 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 464 (MED) Heo ne dorste ore louerd repie nouȝht.a1400 Ancrene Riwle (Pepys) (1976) 49 Foxes..cracchen al to hem þat hij mowen repen and renden.a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 2599 (MED) Eek gees is good to haue in special, For thei wil wake folke that ar aslepe, The foo comynge her welth away to repe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † repev.² Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: repe v.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain (see note below).Probably the same word as repe v.¹, although this presents semantic difficulties. The precise meaning in the quot. is unclear: perhaps either ‘to launch (an attack) on a person’ (compare Middle Eng. Dict. at rēpen v.(2)), or (taking the a of ares as the preposition on ) ‘to seize (a person or thing) from someone (in an attack)’, or (assuming a scribal error of omission of in after him ) ‘to bestir oneself (in an attack)’, the latter representing a reflexive use of repe v.¹ that is apparently independently attested; compare the following example (in which, interestingly, the word res also occurs) and compare also the senses of some of the Germanic cognates at repe v.¹:c1450 (a1400) Sir Eglamour (Calig.) (1965) l. 288 Hys hondes began for to bay: That herde þe gyaunt þer he lay, And repys hym on a rese [c1440 Thornton repid hym of his resse]. Alternatively, perhaps representing a south-eastern reflex of Old English rȳpan ripe v.² in sense ‘to rob or plunder (a person)’ (once again assuming omission of in after him ); or perhaps a scribal error for raped , representing the past tense of either rape v.¹ (used reflexively: compare rape v.¹ 1a, especially quot. a1400) in sense ‘to hurry (in an attack)’ (again assuming omission of in) or of rape v.² (although this is first attested later) in sense ‘to seize (a person or thing) from someone (in an attack)’. Obsolete. rare. transitive. Meaning uncertain: see etymology. ΚΠ c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 28 (MED) His bold borwes he ches, His men he slouȝ among, And reped him mani ares. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.¹OEv.²c1330
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† repev.1

† repev.2

† repev.¹

† repev.²