santaln.¹

/ˈsantəl/

Etymology: < French santal (16th cent.), < medieval Latin santalum , < Greek σάνταλον : see sandal n.²

1. Sandalwood. Also santal-wood.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > fragrant woods

agalloch1543

rhodium1580

calambac1594

xylobalsamum1616

rosewood1633

eagle-wood1669

calambour1685

rhodian wood1721

santal1728

tambac1728

jacaranda1830

turanira-wood1884

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Santalum Santal, Sandal or Saunders, a hard, heavy, odiferous, medicinal Wood, brought from the East-Indies.

1797 Encycl. Brit. VI. 214/2 The santal or saunders is a hard wood imported from the Indies.

1883 W. Martindale & W. W. Westcott Extra Pharmacopœia 194 Capsules of Santal Oil are prepared.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 932 Oil of santal wood very rarely causes even a slight erythema.

2. Chemistry. A substance (C₈H₆O₃) obtained from sandalwood.

ΚΠ

1894 in M. M. P. Muir & H. F. Morley Watts' Dict. Chem. IV. 427.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

Santaln.²

/ˈsantal/

Forms: Also Santhal, Sonthal.

Etymology: < a language of India and Bangladesh, now used as a self-designation.

A Kolarian people of north-eastern India and Bangladesh; a member of this people. Also, the language of this people (see Santali n. and adj.). Also attributive.

ΘΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Indian > [noun] > Kolarian peoples

Collery1763

Santal1852

Korkua1863

Korwa1865

the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [adjective] > specific Austroasiatic

Annamitic1820

Annamite1843

Annamese1848

Santal1852

Munda1854

Khasi1855

Santalic1875

Mon-Khmer1887

Kol1903

Korku1906

Temiar1933

Mon1939

Vietnamese1947

the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austroasiatic > Munda > north Munda languages > Santali

Santal1852

Santali1873

1852 J. Phillips Introd. Sántál Lang. i. 1 The Sántál, having been hitherto an unwritten language, has..no characters of its own.

1852 J. Phillips Introd. Sántál Lang. i. 3 Pronouns in Sántál, are..completely interwoven with the declension of nouns.

1866 Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 35: Pt. ii (Special No.) 26 There are..‘moondahs’ and Santals..speaking dialects of a language very different from the Dravidian.

1873 L. O. Skrefsud Gram. Santhal Lang. p. iii Santhali is the language spoken by a people called by foreigners the Santhals or Santals, inhabiting the western frontier of Lower Bengal.

1873 L. O. Skrefsud Gram. Santhal Lang. i. 8 Semi-consonants. k', ch', t', p'. The sounds, which these letters represent, are peculiar to the Santal language... The ‘Schnalz-laute’ (click-sounds) mentioned by Dr. Lepsius, as existing in some of the African languages, appear to have some similarity to these Santal jerks.

1876 M. Monier-Williams Indian Wisdom (ed. 3) 312 (note) The Santhals and Kols of the hills to the west of Bengal.

1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 777/2 ‘The Great Mountain’ is the race-god of the Santáls.

1891 M. Monier-Williams Brāhmanism & Hindūism (ed. 4) xxii. 578 We came to what appeared to be a good typical example of a Santal village-community.

1891 R. Kipling City Dreadful Night 85 We have any amount of Sonthals besides Mahomedans and Hindus of every possible caste.

1910 Rep. Brit. Assoc. 723 The group of forest tribes, from the Santáls and Pahárias on the east,..to..the Bhíls on the west.

1936 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Oct. 788/4 The pictures of Sonthal life are evidently based on personal and intimate knowledge.

1941 J. H. Hutton in L. O'Malley Mod. India & West xii. 422 The ignorance and honesty of the Santal enabled the first adventurous traders from the plains to make rapid fortunes out of the hill-men.

1969 Illustr. Weekly India 27 July 29/1 Santal women do not wear much jewellery.

1971 Illustr. Weekly India 25 Apr. 42/2 (caption) Resettled Santhals in the Malkanagiri zone of Dandakaranya Project. The Santhals are also found in the border districts of West Bengal.

1974 W. G. Archer Hill of Flutes i. 19 Flanked by rows of tall palmyra palms, Santal villages have an air of genial comfort.

1974 W. G. Archer Hill of Flutes i. 24 Within this neat and ordered setting most Santals lead calm and happy lives.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1982; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	santal
释义	santaln.¹ /ˈsantəl/ Etymology: < French santal (16th cent.), < medieval Latin santalum , < Greek σάνταλον : see sandal n.² 1. Sandalwood. Also santal-wood. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > fragrant woods agalloch1543 rhodium1580 calambac1594 xylobalsamum1616 rosewood1633 eagle-wood1669 calambour1685 rhodian wood1721 santal1728 tambac1728 jacaranda1830 turanira-wood1884 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Santalum Santal, Sandal or Saunders, a hard, heavy, odiferous, medicinal Wood, brought from the East-Indies. 1797 Encycl. Brit. VI. 214/2 The santal or saunders is a hard wood imported from the Indies. 1883 W. Martindale & W. W. Westcott Extra Pharmacopœia 194 Capsules of Santal Oil are prepared. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 932 Oil of santal wood very rarely causes even a slight erythema. 2. Chemistry. A substance (C₈H₆O₃) obtained from sandalwood. ΚΠ 1894 in M. M. P. Muir & H. F. Morley Watts' Dict. Chem. IV. 427. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online June 2018). Santaln.² /ˈsantal/ Forms: Also Santhal, Sonthal. Etymology: < a language of India and Bangladesh, now used as a self-designation. A Kolarian people of north-eastern India and Bangladesh; a member of this people. Also, the language of this people (see Santali n. and adj.). Also attributive. ΘΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Indian > [noun] > Kolarian peoples Collery1763 Santal1852 Korkua1863 Korwa1865 the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [adjective] > specific Austroasiatic Annamitic1820 Annamite1843 Annamese1848 Santal1852 Munda1854 Khasi1855 Santalic1875 Mon-Khmer1887 Kol1903 Korku1906 Temiar1933 Mon1939 Vietnamese1947 the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austroasiatic > Munda > north Munda languages > Santali Santal1852 Santali1873 1852 J. Phillips Introd. Sántál Lang. i. 1 The Sántál, having been hitherto an unwritten language, has..no characters of its own. 1852 J. Phillips Introd. Sántál Lang. i. 3 Pronouns in Sántál, are..completely interwoven with the declension of nouns. 1866 Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 35: Pt. ii (Special No.) 26 There are..‘moondahs’ and Santals..speaking dialects of a language very different from the Dravidian. 1873 L. O. Skrefsud Gram. Santhal Lang. p. iii Santhali is the language spoken by a people called by foreigners the Santhals or Santals, inhabiting the western frontier of Lower Bengal. 1873 L. O. Skrefsud Gram. Santhal Lang. i. 8 Semi-consonants. k', ch', t', p'. The sounds, which these letters represent, are peculiar to the Santal language... The ‘Schnalz-laute’ (click-sounds) mentioned by Dr. Lepsius, as existing in some of the African languages, appear to have some similarity to these Santal jerks. 1876 M. Monier-Williams Indian Wisdom (ed. 3) 312 (note) The Santhals and Kols of the hills to the west of Bengal. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 777/2 ‘The Great Mountain’ is the race-god of the Santáls. 1891 M. Monier-Williams Brāhmanism & Hindūism (ed. 4) xxii. 578 We came to what appeared to be a good typical example of a Santal village-community. 1891 R. Kipling City Dreadful Night 85 We have any amount of Sonthals besides Mahomedans and Hindus of every possible caste. 1910 Rep. Brit. Assoc. 723 The group of forest tribes, from the Santáls and Pahárias on the east,..to..the Bhíls on the west. 1936 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Oct. 788/4 The pictures of Sonthal life are evidently based on personal and intimate knowledge. 1941 J. H. Hutton in L. O'Malley Mod. India & West xii. 422 The ignorance and honesty of the Santal enabled the first adventurous traders from the plains to make rapid fortunes out of the hill-men. 1969 Illustr. Weekly India 27 July 29/1 Santal women do not wear much jewellery. 1971 Illustr. Weekly India 25 Apr. 42/2 (caption) Resettled Santhals in the Malkanagiri zone of Dandakaranya Project. The Santhals are also found in the border districts of West Bengal. 1974 W. G. Archer Hill of Flutes i. 19 Flanked by rows of tall palmyra palms, Santal villages have an air of genial comfort. 1974 W. G. Archer Hill of Flutes i. 24 Within this neat and ordered setting most Santals lead calm and happy lives. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1982; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹1728n.²1852
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santaln.1

Santaln.2

santaln.¹

Santaln.²