sabbathn.

Brit.

/ˈsabəθ/, U.S.

/ˈsæbəθ/

Forms: α. Old English, Middle English sabat, (Middle English plural sabaz), Middle English sabadt, Middle English sabath, sabaat, Middle English sabate, Middle English–1500s sab(b)ot, Middle English–1600s saboth, Middle English sabott(e, sabbate, sabatte, sabott, Middle English–1500s sabote, Middle English–1600s sabboth, 1500s sabett, sabatt, sabotte, sabothe, Scottish sabbuth, 1500s– sabbath; β. (erroneous, by confusion with Sabaoth n.) Middle English–1700s sabaoth, 1500s sabaothe, sabbaoth. Frequently with capital initial. See also Sabbat n.

Etymology: < Latin sabbatum (partly through Old French sabbat, sabat, modern French sabbat = Provençal sabbat, Spanish sábado, Portuguese sabado, Italian sabbato), Greek σάββατον, < Hebrew shabbāth, < root shābath to rest. Compare Gothic sabbatus, -o, Middle Dutch sabaet, sabbet, sabbot, Dutch and German sabbat. The Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian forms are the ordinary names in those languages for Saturday; but Provençal used dis-sapte ( < Latin diēs sabbatī ) in that sense. A popular Latin nasalized form *sambatum (of eastern origin) appears in French samedi ( < *sambatī diēs ), Old High German sambaȥtac (modern German samstag ) Saturday. The confusion with Sabaoth n. was not peculiar to England; it occurs in Middle High German and in medieval Latin.

a. In the original use: The seventh day of the week (Saturday) considered as the day of religious rest enjoined on the Israelites by the fourth (or in medieval reckoning the third) commandment of the Decalogue. Phrases, to keep, break the Sabbath.The word was never in England, as in some continental countries, a vernacular synonym for Saturday, though English writers of medieval Latin used dies Sabbati as frequently as dies Saturni.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun]

rest dayeOE

sabbathc950

SundayeOE

Lord's daya1225

Sabbath-dayc1380

ceasing-day1382

Dominical day1553

Sabaotha1599

Dominical1638

Shabbos1771

Shabbat1824

α.

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. Capitula Lectionum §87 From efernes sabates [L. a vespere sabbati].

c1230 Hali Meid. 17 Low, godd him seolf seið þurh þe prophete: ‘þeo þe habbeð from ham forcoruen flesches lustes, & haldeð mine sabaz’.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 7 Þe þridde heste is þellich: ‘Loke þet þou halȝi þane day of þe sabat (Zeterday)’... Þis word, zeterday, þet þe iurie clepeþ sabat, is ase moche worþ ase reste... And ine þe stede of þe sabat..zet holi cherche þane sonday to loky ine þe newe laȝe.

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 41 And Jesus spake to wyse men of þe lawe, and to Pharisees where it were leveful to hele in þe Sabot.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds i. 12 Thanne thei turneden aȝen to Jerusalem, fro the hil that is clepid Olyuete, the which is bisydis Jerusalem, hauynge the iurney of a saboth.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11987 And o lame o þaa lakes selue Wit handes made he sparus tuelue. Apon þair sabadt þus he did.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 267 Oure Savioure Criste was borne..in the nyȝhte of the holy Sabotte [L. sancti Sabbati].

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 35 By our holy Sabaoth haue I sworne to haue the due and forfet of my bond.

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. 119 The Primitive Church kept both the Sabbath and the Lords day.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Week The Days of the Week were denominated by the Jews from the Order of their Succession from the Sabbath.

1871 R. W. Dale Ten Commandm. iv. 106 The Christian Sunday and the Jewish Sabbath are absolutely different institutions.

β. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 11987 Apon þar sabaoth þus he did.c1535 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. 11 [Jesus] Healith the ydropysie vponn the sabaothe.c1610–15 tr. Gregory of Nazianzus Life St. Nonna in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 171 Of the Iewes, hating Circumcision, yet with them keeping their Sabaoth.1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Sabaoth,..a celebration of the seventh day of the week.

b. Since the Reformation, often applied to ‘the Lord's day’, i.e. the first day of the week (Sunday) observed by Christians in commemoration of the resurrection of Christ. This use was originally connected with the opinion that the sabbatic law of the Decalogue remains in force under the Christian dispensation, the date of the ‘Sabbath’ having by Divine appointment been changed from Saturday to Sunday; but it occasionally appears in writers who did not hold this view. In Scotland it is still very common. (Phrases as in 1a.)The notion that the Lord's day is a ‘Christian Sabbath’, or, more commonly (as in quot. 1340 at sense 1aα. under a) a substitute for the Sabbath, occurs in theological writings from the 4th cent. onwards, but was not popularly current before the Reformation. In English, Sabbath as a synonym for ‘Sunday’ did not become common till the 17th century.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > a day or twenty-four hours > specific days > [noun] > Sunday

rest dayeOE

SundayeOE

seventh dayOE

worthing dayOE

sun's daya1300

day of resta1325

Sabbath-dayc1440

sabbath1509

First-day1649

Sunday sabbath1661

Continental Sunday1856

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) x. 30 Hope we hit is our lord ihesu crist, þe which hath ordeyned for lawe, þat ech man shold kepe þe saboth day.]

α. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. ccii^v Amonge the whiche preceptis this was one The sabbot to Worshyp and sanctyfy alway The seuenth day of the weke called the sonday.1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. ii. 107 Hast...Come the next sabaoth and I will content you. 1607 S. Hieron Abridgem. of Gospell in Wks. (1620) I. 150 Thou art laboured with from sabboth to sabboth..that thou maist be prepared for Christ.1654 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms xxiv. Introd. The first day of the week..which is now the Christian Sabboth.1717 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 237 Mr. John Adamson, Sabbath was fortnight, intruded on the ministry.1809 S. Smith Serm. I. 74 Prayer should be offered up eminently, and emphatically..on the Sabbath.1863 N. Hawthorne Our Old Home II. 100 Severe and sunless remembrances of the Sabbaths of childhood.1888 Church Times 9 Nov. 977/2 The British Sabbath is now-a-days always on its trial.1897 Q. Rev. Jan. 66 The term Sabbath as applied to the Lord's Day is unknown to the Articles, the Canons, and the Prayer-book of the Church of England.β. 1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses To Rdr. sig. ¶vi To the prophanation of the Lord his sabaoth.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 62 Common Blaspheming of Gods Name, in Oaths: Vsuall Prophaning of his Sabaothes.1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 3 The Bill for Sabaoth.

c. gen. Applied occasionally to the day of the week set apart for rest or worship by any religious body, e.g. to the Friday as observed by Muslims.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage Table Sabath..of Saracens on Friday..; of Peguans on Monday.

1704 J. Pitts True Acct. Mohammetans vi. 42 Friday is their Sabbath, or Gemahgune.

d. Applied to the sabbatical year of the Israelites.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > [noun] > sabbatical

sabbath1382

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xxv. 4 The seuenthe forsothe ȝeer of the loond shal be the saboth of the restynge of the Lord. [So in later versions.]

2. transferred and figurative. A time or period of rest; a cessation from labour, trouble, pain and the like.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > temporary cessation of activity or operation > [noun] > (a) respite

spalea1250

lithec1300

respitec1330

sabbath1398

vacationc1425

respetta1450

respectc1450

repose?1549

intermission1576

bait1580

sob1593

respiration1611

vacation1614

suspension1645

relaxation1728

relax1733

α.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vii. 246 He would, this Sabaoth should a figure be Of the blest Sabaoth of Eternitie.

1611 Bible (King James) Heb. iv. 9 There remaineth therefore a rest [margin. keeping of a Sabbath] to the people of God.

1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 28 He..safe enjoys the Sabbath of his Toyls.

1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace i. i. 3 Why will you break the Sabbath of my days?

1795 R. Southey Pauper's Funeral 8 Yes, I will weep; but not that thou art come To the cold sabbath of the silent tomb.

1854 J. M. Neale Oh, what the Joy (hymn) Those endless Sabbaths the blessed ones see.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. ii. 20 It was Sunday, and the scene was itself a Sabbath, with no sound to disturb its perfect rest.

β. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) ix. xxviii. 364 Whan we come to the Sabaoth of endles rest thenne we shall haue joye.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 473 Th'eternall sacred Sabaoth.1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 2 To keepe an euerlasting Sabbaoths rest.

3. A midnight meeting of demons, sorcerers and witches, presided over by the Devil, supposed in medieval times to have been held annually as an orgy or festival. Also more fully witches' sabbath: see witch n. Compounds 3. See also Sabbat n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > witch > [noun] > meeting of

witches' Sabbath1613

Sabbat1652

sabbath1660

coven1662

witches' meeting1693

witch meeting1693

witch sabbath1826

α.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 312 Divers Sorcerers..have confessed that in their Sabbaths,..they feed on such fare.

1735 A. Pope Of Char. of Women 13 As Hags hold Sabbaths, less for joy than spite, So these their merry, miserable Night.

1860 J. A. Hessey Bampton Lect. 399 Here malignant spirits have held their sabbath or hellish revelries.

1883 Harper's Mag. May 831/2 It might have been..a veritable Witches' Sabbath.

β. 1858 B. Taylor Northern Trav. xi. 115 It would be far more picturesque to describe a sabaoth of Lapland witches than a prayer-meeting of shouting converts.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

Sabbath devotion n.

ΚΠ

1613 R. Zouche Dove To Rdr. E 6 b Poetry..in which diuers haue shewed their thoughts not vnfit for solemne, yea Sabaoth deuotions.

Sabbath dress n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > lay garments > [noun] > worn on Sunday

Sabbath dress1825

go-to-meetings1838

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > best > to be worn on a Sunday

Sundays1780

Sunday best1794

Sabbath dress1825

Sunday-go-to-meetings1831

church clothes1868

1825 J. Wilson Poems II. 94 Smiling in their Sabbath-dress.

1977 H. Kaplan Damascus Cover (1978) iv. 35 Girls in white Sabbath dresses laced with colored embroidery.

Sabbath evening n.

ΚΠ

1820 R. Southey Life Wesley II. 87 Having..spent a sabbath evening at an inn.

Sabbath morning n.

ΚΠ

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ in J. W. Cross George Eliot's Life (1885) II. 355 Your letter was a welcome addition to our sunshine this Sabbath morning.

Sabbath music n.

ΚΠ

1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone vii. 123 When the Bells of Rylstone played Their Sabbath music—‘God us ayde’.

Sabbath rite n.

ΚΠ

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 746 Till sabbath-rites Have dwindled into unrespected forms.

Sabbath season n.

ΚΠ

1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 14 Nature's Sabbath-season reigns.

Sabbath service n.

ΚΠ

a1617 S. Hieron Penance for Sinne in Wks. (1620) II. 365 John..neglected not the spirituall part of the sabbath-seruice, though hee was restrained from the outward.

Sabbath sound n.

ΚΠ

1855 H. W. Longfellow My Lost Youth 49 The early loves Come back with a sabbath sound.

Sabbath tide n.

ΚΠ

1945 J. Betjeman New Bats in Old Belfries 48 And so my thoughts this happy Sabbathtide.

Sabbath work n.

ΚΠ

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 3 His Sabbath Worke, euer since, is the Illumination of his Spirit.

Sabbath-dark adj.

ΚΠ

1945 D. Thomas Let. 30 July in Sel. Lett. (1966) 280 I went to the Edwinsford Arms, a sabbath-dark bar.

Sabbath-like adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > quietness or tranquillity > [adjective]

stillc1275

coyc1330

restful1340

quieta1382

peaceablec1384

peacefula1400

undisturbleda1400

somec1460

quietous1528

reposeda1533

unnoyed1543

calma1568

halcyon1570

calmya1586

quietsome1595

halcyonian1602

undisturbeda1610

halcedonian1611

tranquila1616

tranquillous1638

slumbering1645

halcydon1648

smooth1757

slumberous1765

stilly1776

sleeping1785

unfrenzied1805

Sabbath-like1824

unbustling1826

eddyless1862

restinga1865

pacific1865

Sabbatismal1881

1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 28 A sabbath-like pause of work and play, rare on a work-day.

1878 B. Harte Man on Beach 74 An almost Sabbath-like stillness prevailed.

c. Objective and objective genitive.

Sabbath-breach n. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > non-observance of

Sabbath-breaking1651

Sabbath-breach1785

1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 653 To show at home By lewdness, idleness, and sabbath-breach, The great proficiency he made abroad.

Sabbath-breaker n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > non-observance of > person not observing

Sabbath-breaker1607

antisabbatarian1645

antidominicarian1659

1607 S. Hieron Discouerie of Hypocrisie in Wks. (1620) I. 234 It cutteth the sabboth-breaker, to heare his prophanenesse still cried out vpon.

1738 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 658/2 The excellent Laws against Tippling Houses, Tipplers, Sabbath-Breakers, &c.

1853 N. Wiseman Ess. I. 636 They tax Papists..with being habitual Sabbath-breakers.

Sabbath-breaking n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > non-observance of

Sabbath-breaking1651

Sabbath-breach1785

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [adjective] > observing > not observing

Sabbathless1605

Sabbath-breaking1651

antisabbatarian1656

1651 Petition in Severall Proc. Parl. No. 85. 1304 Acts past against Blasphemies, prophan cursing and swearing, Sabbath breaking, &c.

1723 B. Mandeville Fable Bees (ed. 2) i. 92 In the Commission of the Peace,..he becomes..the..constant Plague to Sabbath-breaking Butchers.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 63 Profanation of the lord's day, or sabbath-breaking.

1815 S. J. Mills & D. Smith Rep. Missionary Tour 29 Sabbath-breaking, profanity and intemperance prevail [in New Orleans] to a fearful extent.

1918 H. G. Wells Joan & Peter v. 96 Secularists and socialists..planned..to..plunge the whole world into vice and rapine and Sabbath-breaking.

1958 B. Hamilton Too Much of Water iii. 59 Charity can do without help from the proceeds of vice and Sabbath-breaking.

1978 P. Bailey Leisure & Class in Victorian Eng. ii. 39 Certain magistrates..prosecuted sabbath-breaking cricket players.

Sabbath-keeper n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > person observing

Sabbatarian1613

Sabbath-keeper1854

1854 J. M. Neale Oh, what the Joy (hymn) There dawns no Sabbath,—no Sabbath is o'er; These Sabbath-keepers have one, and no more.

Sabbath-keeping n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of

Sabbatism1611

sabbatizing1613

Sabbath-keeping1643

sabbatizationa1645

Sunday observance1797

1643 W. Walwyn Power of Love 32 Men are not pleased except salvation be proved to be very difficult to bee obtained, it must still depend either on our beleeving.., or repenting,..or Sabbath-keeping,..or else man is not pleased.

1832 F. Trollope Domest. Manners Amer. (ed. 2) I. xviii. 284 The waiving the sabbath-keeping by the proprietor, was for his own convenience.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 403 His rigid Sabbath-keeping.

C2.

Sabbath candle n. a candle lit shortly before dusk on the eve of the Jewish Sabbath.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > lamp lit on eve of

Sabbath lamp1850

Sabbath candle1892

1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. viii. 191 She, at least, would never fail to light the Sabbath candles.

1967 Listener 20 July 83/3 My mother..stopped lighting the Sabbath candles..but still spoke as constantly to God.

† Sabbath-ceased adj. Obsolete discontinued during the Sabbath.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [adjective] > discontinued during

Sabbath-ceased1593

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 30 Theyr vnrespited, and not so much as Saboth-ceased blood-shed.

Sabbath goy n. [goy n. and adj.] a Gentile who performs for Orthodox Jews tasks forbidden to the latter on the Sabbath; = Shabbos goy n..

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > secular work done on > person performing

Shabbat goy1859

Shabbos goyah1862

Shabbos goy1905

Sabbath goy1977

1977 Listener 24 Mar. 382/3 I was a Sabbath goy; that is, for a penny or two, I lighted fires and performed other chores forbidden to orthodox Jews on Saturday, or Friday evening.

1977 Times 8 June 4/3 My host had been a sabbath goy, that is he had lighted fires for the orthodox on the sabbath.

Sabbath lamp n. a lamp lit on the eve of the Jewish Sabbath.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > lamp lit on eve of

Sabbath lamp1850

Sabbath candle1892

1850 G. Aguilar Vale of Cedars xxxiv. 281 It was..the Sabbath eve... The Sabbath lamps were lighted.

1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. v. 139 For three things a woman dies in childbirth, for not separating the dough, for not lighting the Sabbath lamps, for not ——.

Sabbath loaf n. a plaited loaf eaten on the eve of the Jewish Sabbath.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > consumables > bread > [noun] > eaten on eve of Jewish sabbath

Sabbath loaf1892

1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto II. xviii. 79 The Sabbath loaves shaped like boys' tip-cats—with a curious plait of crust from point to point, and thickly sprinkled with a drift of poppy-seed, and covered with a velvet cloth embroidered with Hebrew words.

1951 L. W. Leonard Jewish Cookery (new ed.) v. 26 Challah, in twist form or Biblical beehive coil, is the Sabbath loaf of white bread. It is customary to place two challas under a special napkin... The two loaves are symbolic of the ‘two portions of manna’ which fell for the Sabbath.

1972 H. Kemelman Monday Rabbi took Off xlvii. 271 The candles were already lit and the table set with the two braided Sabbath loaves.

Sabbath school n. (a) = Sunday school n. and adj.; (b) a Jewish school held on the Saturday for giving religious instruction to children.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > preaching > catechesis > [noun] > school for

church school1714

Sunday school1783

Sabbath school1820

society > faith > worship > preaching > catechesis > [noun] > school for > Jewish

Sabbath school1820

1820 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1909) XXXIX. 131 The application for liberty to use the Boylston school house on Fort hill for a Sabbath school..was granted.

1822 M. L. Weems Lett. 334 The Sabbath school of this town.

1832 W. D. Williamson Hist. State Maine III. 688 Sabbath-schools..[were established] in Philadelphia, about 1811, and have since spread over the United States.

1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. vi. 133 The Sabbath school generally supplies the sanctuary with its most intelligent hearers.

1866 J. C. Gregg Life in Army 209 It was sung by the colored Sabbath School children.

1895 M. A. Jackson Mem. v. 77 In the autumn he began his Sabbath school.

1900 Congress. Rec. 23 Jan. 1104/2 A wonderful petition is rolled in..from Sabbath schools, sectarian churches, and societies.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	sabbath
释义	sabbathn. Brit. /ˈsabəθ/, U.S. /ˈsæbəθ/ Forms: α. Old English, Middle English sabat, (Middle English plural sabaz), Middle English sabadt, Middle English sabath, sabaat, Middle English sabate, Middle English–1500s sab(b)ot, Middle English–1600s saboth, Middle English sabott(e, sabbate, sabatte, sabott, Middle English–1500s sabote, Middle English–1600s sabboth, 1500s sabett, sabatt, sabotte, sabothe, Scottish sabbuth, 1500s– sabbath; β. (erroneous, by confusion with Sabaoth n.) Middle English–1700s sabaoth, 1500s sabaothe, sabbaoth. Frequently with capital initial. See also Sabbat n. Etymology: < Latin sabbatum (partly through Old French sabbat, sabat, modern French sabbat = Provençal sabbat, Spanish sábado, Portuguese sabado, Italian sabbato), Greek σάββατον, < Hebrew shabbāth, < root shābath to rest. Compare Gothic sabbatus, -o, Middle Dutch sabaet, sabbet, sabbot, Dutch and German sabbat. The Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian forms are the ordinary names in those languages for Saturday; but Provençal used dis-sapte ( < Latin diēs sabbatī ) in that sense. A popular Latin nasalized form sambatum (of eastern origin) appears in French samedi* ( < sambatī diēs ), Old High German sambaȥtac* (modern German samstag ) Saturday. The confusion with Sabaoth n. was not peculiar to England; it occurs in Middle High German and in medieval Latin. 1. a. In the original use: The seventh day of the week (Saturday) considered as the day of religious rest enjoined on the Israelites by the fourth (or in medieval reckoning the third) commandment of the Decalogue. Phrases, to keep, break the Sabbath.The word was never in England, as in some continental countries, a vernacular synonym for Saturday, though English writers of medieval Latin used dies Sabbati as frequently as dies Saturni. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] rest dayeOE sabbathc950 SundayeOE Lord's daya1225 Sabbath-dayc1380 ceasing-day1382 Dominical day1553 Sabaotha1599 Dominical1638 Shabbos1771 Shabbat1824 α. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. Capitula Lectionum §87 From efernes sabates [L. a vespere sabbati]. c1230 Hali Meid. 17 Low, godd him seolf seið þurh þe prophete: ‘þeo þe habbeð from ham forcoruen flesches lustes, & haldeð mine sabaz’. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 7 Þe þridde heste is þellich: ‘Loke þet þou halȝi þane day of þe sabat (Zeterday)’... Þis word, zeterday, þet þe iurie clepeþ sabat, is ase moche worþ ase reste... And ine þe stede of þe sabat..zet holi cherche þane sonday to loky ine þe newe laȝe. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 41 And Jesus spake to wyse men of þe lawe, and to Pharisees where it were leveful to hele in þe Sabot. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds i. 12 Thanne thei turneden aȝen to Jerusalem, fro the hil that is clepid Olyuete, the which is bisydis Jerusalem, hauynge the iurney of a saboth. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11987 And o lame o þaa lakes selue Wit handes made he sparus tuelue. Apon þair sabadt þus he did. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 267 Oure Savioure Criste was borne..in the nyȝhte of the holy Sabotte [L. sancti Sabbati]. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 35 By our holy Sabaoth haue I sworne to haue the due and forfet of my bond. View more context for this quotation 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. 119 The Primitive Church kept both the Sabbath and the Lords day. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Week The Days of the Week were denominated by the Jews from the Order of their Succession from the Sabbath. 1871 R. W. Dale Ten Commandm. iv. 106 The Christian Sunday and the Jewish Sabbath are absolutely different institutions. β. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 11987 Apon þar sabaoth þus he did.c1535 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. 11 [Jesus] Healith the ydropysie vponn the sabaothe.c1610–15 tr. Gregory of Nazianzus Life St. Nonna in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 171 Of the Iewes, hating Circumcision, yet with them keeping their Sabaoth.1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Sabaoth,..a celebration of the seventh day of the week. b. Since the Reformation, often applied to ‘the Lord's day’, i.e. the first day of the week (Sunday) observed by Christians in commemoration of the resurrection of Christ. This use was originally connected with the opinion that the sabbatic law of the Decalogue remains in force under the Christian dispensation, the date of the ‘Sabbath’ having by Divine appointment been changed from Saturday to Sunday; but it occasionally appears in writers who did not hold this view. In Scotland it is still very common. (Phrases as in 1a.)The notion that the Lord's day is a ‘Christian Sabbath’, or, more commonly (as in quot. 1340 at sense 1aα. under a) a substitute for the Sabbath, occurs in theological writings from the 4th cent. onwards, but was not popularly current before the Reformation. In English, Sabbath as a synonym for ‘Sunday’ did not become common till the 17th century. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > a day or twenty-four hours > specific days > [noun] > Sunday rest dayeOE SundayeOE seventh dayOE worthing dayOE sun's daya1300 day of resta1325 Sabbath-dayc1440 sabbath1509 First-day1649 Sunday sabbath1661 Continental Sunday1856 c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) x. 30 Hope we hit is our lord ihesu crist, þe which hath ordeyned for lawe, þat ech man shold kepe þe saboth day.] α. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. ccii^v Amonge the whiche preceptis this was one The sabbot to Worshyp and sanctyfy alway The seuenth day of the weke called the sonday.1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. ii. 107 Hast...Come the next sabaoth and I will content you. View more context for this quotation1607 S. Hieron Abridgem. of Gospell in Wks. (1620) I. 150 Thou art laboured with from sabboth to sabboth..that thou maist be prepared for Christ.1654 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms xxiv. Introd. The first day of the week..which is now the Christian Sabboth.1717 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 237 Mr. John Adamson, Sabbath was fortnight, intruded on the ministry.1809 S. Smith Serm. I. 74 Prayer should be offered up eminently, and emphatically..on the Sabbath.1863 N. Hawthorne Our Old Home II. 100 Severe and sunless remembrances of the Sabbaths of childhood.1888 Church Times 9 Nov. 977/2 The British Sabbath is now-a-days always on its trial.1897 Q. Rev. Jan. 66 The term Sabbath as applied to the Lord's Day is unknown to the Articles, the Canons, and the Prayer-book of the Church of England.β. 1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses To Rdr. sig. ¶vi To the prophanation of the Lord his sabaoth.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 62 Common Blaspheming of Gods Name, in Oaths: Vsuall Prophaning of his Sabaothes.1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 3 The Bill for Sabaoth. c. gen. Applied occasionally to the day of the week set apart for rest or worship by any religious body, e.g. to the Friday as observed by Muslims. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage Table Sabath..of Saracens on Friday..; of Peguans on Monday. 1704 J. Pitts True Acct. Mohammetans vi. 42 Friday is their Sabbath, or Gemahgune. d. Applied to the sabbatical year of the Israelites. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > [noun] > sabbatical sabbath1382 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xxv. 4 The seuenthe forsothe ȝeer of the loond shal be the saboth of the restynge of the Lord. [So in later versions.] 2. transferred and figurative. A time or period of rest; a cessation from labour, trouble, pain and the like. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > temporary cessation of activity or operation > [noun] > (a) respite spalea1250 lithec1300 respitec1330 sabbath1398 vacationc1425 respetta1450 respectc1450 repose?1549 intermission1576 bait1580 sob1593 respiration1611 vacation1614 suspension1645 relaxation1728 relax1733 α. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vii. 246 He would, this Sabaoth should a figure be Of the blest Sabaoth of Eternitie. 1611 Bible (King James) Heb. iv. 9 There remaineth therefore a rest [margin. keeping of a Sabbath] to the people of God. View more context for this quotation 1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 28 He..safe enjoys the Sabbath of his Toyls. 1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace i. i. 3 Why will you break the Sabbath of my days? 1795 R. Southey Pauper's Funeral 8 Yes, I will weep; but not that thou art come To the cold sabbath of the silent tomb. 1854 J. M. Neale Oh, what the Joy (hymn) Those endless Sabbaths the blessed ones see. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. ii. 20 It was Sunday, and the scene was itself a Sabbath, with no sound to disturb its perfect rest. β. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) ix. xxviii. 364 Whan we come to the Sabaoth of endles rest thenne we shall haue joye.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 473 Th'eternall sacred Sabaoth.1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 2 To keepe an euerlasting Sabbaoths rest. 3. A midnight meeting of demons, sorcerers and witches, presided over by the Devil, supposed in medieval times to have been held annually as an orgy or festival. Also more fully witches' sabbath: see witch n. Compounds 3. See also Sabbat n. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > witch > [noun] > meeting of witches' Sabbath1613 Sabbat1652 sabbath1660 coven1662 witches' meeting1693 witch meeting1693 witch sabbath1826 α. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 312 Divers Sorcerers..have confessed that in their Sabbaths,..they feed on such fare. 1735 A. Pope Of Char. of Women 13 As Hags hold Sabbaths, less for joy than spite, So these their merry, miserable Night. 1860 J. A. Hessey Bampton Lect. 399 Here malignant spirits have held their sabbath or hellish revelries. 1883 Harper's Mag. May 831/2 It might have been..a veritable Witches' Sabbath. β. 1858 B. Taylor Northern Trav. xi. 115 It would be far more picturesque to describe a sabaoth of Lapland witches than a prayer-meeting of shouting converts. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. Sabbath devotion n. ΚΠ 1613 R. Zouche Dove To Rdr. E 6 b Poetry..in which diuers haue shewed their thoughts not vnfit for solemne, yea Sabaoth deuotions. Sabbath dress n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > lay garments > [noun] > worn on Sunday Sabbath dress1825 go-to-meetings1838 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > best > to be worn on a Sunday Sundays1780 Sunday best1794 Sabbath dress1825 Sunday-go-to-meetings1831 church clothes1868 1825 J. Wilson Poems II. 94 Smiling in their Sabbath-dress. 1977 H. Kaplan Damascus Cover (1978) iv. 35 Girls in white Sabbath dresses laced with colored embroidery. Sabbath evening n. ΚΠ 1820 R. Southey Life Wesley II. 87 Having..spent a sabbath evening at an inn. Sabbath morning n. ΚΠ 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ in J. W. Cross George Eliot's Life (1885) II. 355 Your letter was a welcome addition to our sunshine this Sabbath morning. Sabbath music n. ΚΠ 1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone vii. 123 When the Bells of Rylstone played Their Sabbath music—‘God us ayde’. Sabbath rite n. ΚΠ 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 746 Till sabbath-rites Have dwindled into unrespected forms. Sabbath season n. ΚΠ 1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 14 Nature's Sabbath-season reigns. Sabbath service n. ΚΠ a1617 S. Hieron Penance for Sinne in Wks. (1620) II. 365 John..neglected not the spirituall part of the sabbath-seruice, though hee was restrained from the outward. Sabbath sound n. ΚΠ 1855 H. W. Longfellow My Lost Youth 49 The early loves Come back with a sabbath sound. Sabbath tide n. ΚΠ 1945 J. Betjeman New Bats in Old Belfries 48 And so my thoughts this happy Sabbathtide. Sabbath work n. ΚΠ 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 3 His Sabbath Worke, euer since, is the Illumination of his Spirit. b. Sabbath-dark adj. ΚΠ 1945 D. Thomas Let. 30 July in Sel. Lett. (1966) 280 I went to the Edwinsford Arms, a sabbath-dark bar. Sabbath-like adj. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > quietness or tranquillity > [adjective] stillc1275 coyc1330 restful1340 quieta1382 peaceablec1384 peacefula1400 undisturbleda1400 somec1460 quietous1528 reposeda1533 unnoyed1543 calma1568 halcyon1570 calmya1586 quietsome1595 halcyonian1602 undisturbeda1610 halcedonian1611 tranquila1616 tranquillous1638 slumbering1645 halcydon1648 smooth1757 slumberous1765 stilly1776 sleeping1785 unfrenzied1805 Sabbath-like1824 unbustling1826 eddyless1862 restinga1865 pacific1865 Sabbatismal1881 1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 28 A sabbath-like pause of work and play, rare on a work-day. 1878 B. Harte Man on Beach 74 An almost Sabbath-like stillness prevailed. c. Objective and objective genitive. Sabbath-breach n. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > non-observance of Sabbath-breaking1651 Sabbath-breach1785 1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 653 To show at home By lewdness, idleness, and sabbath-breach, The great proficiency he made abroad. Sabbath-breaker n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > non-observance of > person not observing Sabbath-breaker1607 antisabbatarian1645 antidominicarian1659 1607 S. Hieron Discouerie of Hypocrisie in Wks. (1620) I. 234 It cutteth the sabboth-breaker, to heare his prophanenesse still cried out vpon. 1738 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 658/2 The excellent Laws against Tippling Houses, Tipplers, Sabbath-Breakers, &c. 1853 N. Wiseman Ess. I. 636 They tax Papists..with being habitual Sabbath-breakers. Sabbath-breaking n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > non-observance of Sabbath-breaking1651 Sabbath-breach1785 society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [adjective] > observing > not observing Sabbathless1605 Sabbath-breaking1651 antisabbatarian1656 1651 Petition in Severall Proc. Parl. No. 85. 1304 Acts past against Blasphemies, prophan cursing and swearing, Sabbath breaking, &c. 1723 B. Mandeville Fable Bees (ed. 2) i. 92 In the Commission of the Peace,..he becomes..the..constant Plague to Sabbath-breaking Butchers. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 63 Profanation of the lord's day, or sabbath-breaking. 1815 S. J. Mills & D. Smith Rep. Missionary Tour 29 Sabbath-breaking, profanity and intemperance prevail [in New Orleans] to a fearful extent. 1918 H. G. Wells Joan & Peter v. 96 Secularists and socialists..planned..to..plunge the whole world into vice and rapine and Sabbath-breaking. 1958 B. Hamilton Too Much of Water iii. 59 Charity can do without help from the proceeds of vice and Sabbath-breaking. 1978 P. Bailey Leisure & Class in Victorian Eng. ii. 39 Certain magistrates..prosecuted sabbath-breaking cricket players. Sabbath-keeper n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of > person observing Sabbatarian1613 Sabbath-keeper1854 1854 J. M. Neale Oh, what the Joy (hymn) There dawns no Sabbath,—no Sabbath is o'er; These Sabbath-keepers have one, and no more. Sabbath-keeping n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > observance of Sabbatism1611 sabbatizing1613 Sabbath-keeping1643 sabbatizationa1645 Sunday observance1797 1643 W. Walwyn Power of Love 32 Men are not pleased except salvation be proved to be very difficult to bee obtained, it must still depend either on our beleeving.., or repenting,..or Sabbath-keeping,..or else man is not pleased. 1832 F. Trollope Domest. Manners Amer. (ed. 2) I. xviii. 284 The waiving the sabbath-keeping by the proprietor, was for his own convenience. 1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 403 His rigid Sabbath-keeping. C2. Sabbath candle n. a candle lit shortly before dusk on the eve of the Jewish Sabbath. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > lamp lit on eve of Sabbath lamp1850 Sabbath candle1892 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. viii. 191 She, at least, would never fail to light the Sabbath candles. 1967 Listener 20 July 83/3 My mother..stopped lighting the Sabbath candles..but still spoke as constantly to God. † Sabbath-ceased adj. Obsolete discontinued during the Sabbath. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [adjective] > discontinued during Sabbath-ceased1593 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 30 Theyr vnrespited, and not so much as Saboth-ceased blood-shed. Sabbath goy n. [goy n. and adj.] a Gentile who performs for Orthodox Jews tasks forbidden to the latter on the Sabbath; = Shabbos goy n.. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > secular work done on > person performing Shabbat goy1859 Shabbos goyah1862 Shabbos goy1905 Sabbath goy1977 1977 Listener 24 Mar. 382/3 I was a Sabbath goy; that is, for a penny or two, I lighted fires and performed other chores forbidden to orthodox Jews on Saturday, or Friday evening. 1977 Times 8 June 4/3 My host had been a sabbath goy, that is he had lighted fires for the orthodox on the sabbath. Sabbath lamp n. a lamp lit on the eve of the Jewish Sabbath. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] > lamp lit on eve of Sabbath lamp1850 Sabbath candle1892 1850 G. Aguilar Vale of Cedars xxxiv. 281 It was..the Sabbath eve... The Sabbath lamps were lighted. 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. v. 139 For three things a woman dies in childbirth, for not separating the dough, for not lighting the Sabbath lamps, for not ——. Sabbath loaf n. a plaited loaf eaten on the eve of the Jewish Sabbath. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > consumables > bread > [noun] > eaten on eve of Jewish sabbath Sabbath loaf1892 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto II. xviii. 79 The Sabbath loaves shaped like boys' tip-cats—with a curious plait of crust from point to point, and thickly sprinkled with a drift of poppy-seed, and covered with a velvet cloth embroidered with Hebrew words. 1951 L. W. Leonard Jewish Cookery (new ed.) v. 26 Challah, in twist form or Biblical beehive coil, is the Sabbath loaf of white bread. It is customary to place two challas under a special napkin... The two loaves are symbolic of the ‘two portions of manna’ which fell for the Sabbath. 1972 H. Kemelman Monday Rabbi took Off xlvii. 271 The candles were already lit and the table set with the two braided Sabbath loaves. Sabbath school n. (a) = Sunday school n. and adj.; (b) a Jewish school held on the Saturday for giving religious instruction to children. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > preaching > catechesis > [noun] > school for church school1714 Sunday school1783 Sabbath school1820 society > faith > worship > preaching > catechesis > [noun] > school for > Jewish Sabbath school1820 1820 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1909) XXXIX. 131 The application for liberty to use the Boylston school house on Fort hill for a Sabbath school..was granted. 1822 M. L. Weems Lett. 334 The Sabbath school of this town. 1832 W. D. Williamson Hist. State Maine III. 688 Sabbath-schools..[were established] in Philadelphia, about 1811, and have since spread over the United States. 1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. vi. 133 The Sabbath school generally supplies the sanctuary with its most intelligent hearers. 1866 J. C. Gregg Life in Army 209 It was sung by the colored Sabbath School children. 1895 M. A. Jackson Mem. v. 77 In the autumn he began his Sabbath school. 1900 Congress. Rec. 23 Jan. 1104/2 A wonderful petition is rolled in..from Sabbath schools, sectarian churches, and societies. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.c950
随便看	lose the day lose the duke lose the exchange lose the fang lose the number of one's mess lose the plot lose the run of lose the run of oneself lose the scent lose the sheep dialect ship for a ha'p'orth of tar lose the sheep for a ha'p'orth of tar lose the sheep for a ha'porth of tar lose the thread lose the will to live lose to view lose touch lose track of lose weight lose, to do in one's block lose, to do one's block lose-all lose-office lose-time loseable loseall