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单词 black house
释义

black housen.

Brit. /ˈblak haʊs/, U.S. /ˈblæk ˌhaʊs/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., house n.1
Etymology: < black adj. + house n.1With sense 1 compare Scottish Gaelic taigh dubh (1869 or earlier as tigh dubh ; < taigh , tigh house (see thack n.) + dubh black: see clabbydoo n.). Black houses are often said to have been originally so called by contrast with newer houses built with lime mortar, and also often whitewashed (compare quot. 1869 and also white house n. 3), but it is difficult to ascertain whether this is the origin of the phrase or a later interpretation. It is also unclear in which language the term first occurs, especially since there are limited records of Scottish Gaelic from that period. Compare the discussion in C. Mackie Devel. of Lewis House (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb., 2006), sect. 2.1.2.
1. Scottish (a) A turf house. (b) A traditional house built of unmortared stone with a filling of earth, found esp. in north-western Scotland and the Hebrides.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house of specific material or construction
thatch-house1521
slate house1554
thack housec1600
frame house1627
log-house1662
straw1665
thatch1693
tin-house1798
fog house1799
leaf house1811
rock house1818
black house1819
blockhouse1821
white house1824
slab-and-bark house1826
brown house1845
brush house1854
soddy1877
hurdle-housea1879
bottle house1913
stucco1922
prefab1942
Portal house1944
Airey1945
yali1962
1773 Forfeited Estate Papers MSS (S.R.O.) in Sc. Nat. Dict. (1976) X. 364/2 Black hut.
1795 Statist. Acct. Scotl. XI. 135 Three small villages [in Argyll], of tolerable black farm-houses.]
1819 P. Degraves Let. (National Archives Scotl.: GD46/17/51) A plan I intended to have carried into effect if I had remained in the Highlands.., it was a substitute for a black house.
1820 R. Mudie Glenfergus II. xx. 266 They came in sight of ‘a black house’. It was indeed a black house, for externally, it exhibited nothing but turf.
1824 J. Macculloch Highlands & W. Isles I. 112 The genuine, pure black house is built entirely of turf; walls and roof: it is a ‘good black house’ when the roof is of thatch.
1869 Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. 1866–7 7 i. 154 In the northern islands it [sc. a house built with lime mortar] is still a White-house, and in the Western Highlands it is Tigh-gal, while the native structure is a Black-house or Tigh-dubh.
1911 W. C. Mackenzie in N. Munro Home Life of Highlanders 38 In some of the outlying districts..there are phases of life that have apparently remained unaltered since the Middle Ages. They are typified by the ‘black houses’, many of which are still to be found in the Long Island.
1931 W. C. Mackenzie Sc. Place-names viiiBlack-houses’ of the Outer Hebrides, i.e. the houses built of turf [as contrasted with] the ‘white’ or stone houses, by which they are rapidly being replaced.
2009 D. W. Harding Iron Age Round-house ii. 51 Turf was certainly used in some black-houses in Atlantic Scotland, though more commonly as infilling of the wall.
2. slang.
a. A prison. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun]
quarternOE
prisona1200
jailc1275
lodgec1290
galleya1300
chartrea1325
ward1338
keepingc1384
prison-house1419
lying-house1423
javel1483
tollbooth1488
kidcotec1515
clinkc1530
warding-place1571
the hangman's budget1589
Newgate1592
gehenna1594
Lob's pound1597
caperdewsie1599
footman's inn1604
cappadochio1607
pena1640
marshalsea1652
log-house1662
bastille1663
naskin1673
state prison1684
tronk1693
stone-doublet1694
iron or stone doublet1698
college1699
nask1699
quod1699
shop1699
black hole1707
start1735
coop1785
blockhouse1796
stone jug1796
calaboose1797
factory1806
bull-pen1809
steel1811
jigger1812
jug1815
kitty1825
rock pile1830
bughouse1842
zindan1844
model1845
black house1846
tench1850
mill1851
stir1851
hoppet1855
booby hatch1859
caboose1865
cooler1872
skookum house1873
chokey1874
gib1877
nick1882
choker1884
logs1888
booby house1894
big house1905
hoosegow1911
can1912
detention camp1916
pokey1919
slammer1952
joint1953
slam1960
1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 111/2 Black houses, prisons.
1848 Flash Dict. in Sinks of London laid Open 99/1 Black houses, prisons.
b. A place of business where working hours are long and wages low. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > types of workplace generally > [noun] > with long hours and low wages
sweating-place1850
strapping-shop1851
black house1861
1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. lxvii. 224/2 The black houses, or linendrapers at the west end of London, were principally supplied from the east end.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1819
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