simplicityn.

Brit.

/sɪmˈplɪsᵻti/, U.S.

/sɪmˈplɪsədi/

Forms: Middle English–1500s symplicite, Middle English–1500s symplycite, Middle English–1500s symplycyte, Middle English–1600s simplicite, Middle English–1600s symplicitie, 1500s simplicyte, 1500s simplicytie, 1500s simplisitee, 1500s simplisitie, 1500s simplissitie, 1500s simplycitie, 1500s symplycity, 1500s symplycytee, 1500s symplycytie, 1500s symplycyty, 1500s symplycytye, 1500s–1600s simplicitee, 1500s–1600s simplicitye, 1500s–1600s simplicyty, 1500s–1700s simplicitie, 1500s– simplicity, 1600s simplisity; also Scottish pre-1700 simplicitie, pre-1700 simplysitie.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly (i) a borrowing from French. Partly (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French simplicité; Latin simplicitāt-, simplicitās.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French simplicité (French simplicité ) innocence (first half of the 12th cent. in Old French as simplicited ), sincerity (12th cent.), lack of intelligence or education (12th cent.), humility (early 13th cent.), unitary nature (late 15th cent.), fact or quality of living modestly or frugally (1559), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin simplicitāt-, simplicitās singleness of nature, unity, singleness of mind, plainness, open nature, ingenuousness, ignorance, frankness, openness < simplic- , simplex simple (see simple adj.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare simpleness n. and earlier simplesse n., simplety n.Compare Catalan simplicitat (14th cent.), Spanish simplicidad, Portuguese simplicidade, Italian semplicità (all 13th cent.).

a. The fact or quality of having a simple form, structure, design, composition, etc.; lack of complexity or intricacy. Hence more generally: the fact or quality of being straightforward to do or use; lack of difficulty, easiness.In early use sometimes: spec. unitary or indivisible nature; cf. simple adj. 12b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > state or quality of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded > [noun]

purenessa1398

simplenessa1398

simplicitya1398

simplesse?c1400

sincerity1546

purity1553

incompoundness1600

unmixedness1612

immixtness1646

immixture1648

uncompoundedness1649

meracity1656

incommixturea1682

singleness1695

simplexity1817

sheerness1903

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. i. xvi. 52 He is alwey impartibil and turneþ and ioyneþ creaturis to his symplicite.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxvi. 1356 Oon in nombre..[and] oon in simplicite.

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) l. 1888 (MED) Such thingis as be Of litill composicion and nye to simplicite, As is scamony & laureolle the laxatife.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. iii. 32 Then is it this first simplicitie which is the King.

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. x. §3. 304 His vncompounded simplicitie, is the true matter of his Vnitie.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 191 There being in them no diversitie or difference, but a simplicity of parts, and equiformity in motion.

1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth i. 36 We are led..to conceive this great machine of the World..to have been once in a state of greater simplicity than now it is.

1743 W. Emerson Doctr. Fluxions p. xii The Easiness and Simplicity of this Method of Demonstration.

1766 A. Walker Anal. Course Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. x. 52 This mill exceeds all others in simplicity.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xi. 122 The modes of arranging the types..are entirely calculated for the simplicity and convenience of the manual operations concerned.

1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom xvii. 344 The simplicity which the organ of hearing presents in this its earliest appearance.

1873 Galaxy Aug. 194 The neat simplicity of the scheme.

1930 Washington Post 6 Oct. 13/4 (advt.) Simplicity of the parts of the Ford truck materially reduce the cost of maintenance.

1955 Pop. Photogr. May 51/2 (advt.) With the exclusive Bolex Autoloading, film-loading is simplicity itself.

1983 Byte (Nexis) Dec. 250 A ‘minilanguage’ with a syntax similar to Pascal but with the simplicity of basic.

2013 Observer 13 Jan. 9/5 The simplicity of making instant purchases and the allure to progress the game further at the touch of a button..has raised concerns.

b. In plural. The straightforward, uncomplicated aspects of something; instances of freedom from complexity. Also: instances of simplification or oversimplification.

ΚΠ

1826 T. Chalmers Christian & Civic Econ. Large Towns III. xx. 183 The complex workings of what may be termed the economic mechanism, are altogether at one with the simplicities of theory.

1892 Wallace's Monthly July 335/2 This [classification] includes all that has a regard to the subject as a whole and that necessarily tends, from its simplicities or complexities, to constructively build up a solid, satisfactory result.

1921 New Republic 30 Mar. 351/2 We are deluding ourselves with these mathematical simplicities.

1977 Times 11 Feb. 12/2 The need for new educational certainties..cannot be met by yenning for the relative simplicities of the old ‘elementary’ education.

2012 New Yorker 24 Sept. 99/2 The best parts of ‘Arbitrage’ avoid the usual moral simplicities.

c. Something which is easy or uncomplicated to do; (also) a basic or fundamental task.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > [noun] > absence of complexity > that which is > task or duty

simplicity1843

1843 Musical World 23 Mar. 109/3 No domestic circle need be without the enjoyment of glee, anthem, and madrigal singing, a sufficient degree of vocal power for these simplicities being almost universal.

1898 Steamship Sept. 110/1 The works and notes of seamen bearing upon the important simplicities of their calling.

1935 Story Apr. 85 It would be a simplicity for him to secure a large selection of her newest work for the American gentleman to examine.

1973 Trailer Life Sept. 120/1 We got up before the birds,..performed the simplicities needed to saddle up our KarAvan original-steel-body, fiber glass topped Ford E-300 van conversion—and moseyed off.

a. Lack of knowledge, education, or intellectual sophistication; absence of common sense; ignorance; foolishness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [noun]

unwisdomc825

nutelnessa1200

ignorance?c1225

uncunningc1290

uncunnessa1300

unwittingnessa1300

unknowledging1357

lewdness1362

unsciencec1374

mislearninga1382

simplenessa1382

unknowinga1382

ignorancec1384

unwittingc1384

simplessec1391

rudenessc1400

unweeting14..

lewdhead1401

misknowing?a1425

simplicityc1450

unknowledge1470

discognisancec1475

unknowingness1486

non-knowledge1503

ignorancy1526

simplehead1543

unlearnedness1555

ignoration1563

rusticity1571

ignorantness1574

ignoring1578

inscience1578

ignoramus1583

ingramness1589

lack-learning1590

idiotism1598

ignoramus1598

idiocy1605

nesciencea1625

nescio1637

inerudition1685

unawareness1847

agnosia1879

moronism1922

cluelessness1960

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > simplicity, simple-mindedness > [noun]

simplenessa1382

innocencec1385

simplessec1391

simplicityc1450

innocencya1513

simplehead1543

greenness1548

insipidity1603

seeliness1642

niaiserie1657

silliness1736

simpletonism1825

simple-mindedness1827

simpletonianism1848

noodleness1931

c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 367 (MED) To þese þinges I kanne noon answere of my symplicite, but þat I opunly knowleche þat þe worchynges of god ben ful meruelous.

?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Biiij^v Seest thou not playnly, how they of the cyte Dayly dysceyueth, our poore symplycyte.

?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 42 If he had done it of ignorance, necessitie, and simplicitie, then shoulde not he haue died.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage v. xvii. 537 Columbus vsed the like simplicitie of the Jamaicans to his preseruation.

1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 138 By these Subtilties..he deluded the simplicity of such as were not very circumspect.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 198 This was really a whimsical Thought, and I reprov'd my self often for the Simplicity of it.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 150 By the help of Humphry Clinker, who is a surprising compound of genius and simplicity.

1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. 1 His grandfather..had incurred a nickname expressive of extreme simplicity.

1842 S. Lover Handy Andy i The postmaster, laughing at his simplicity, told him he could not tell what letter to give him unless he told him the direction.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues II. 227 That other simplicity which is only a euphemism for folly.

1924 Scotsman 22 May 6/3 There was nothing, of course, to suggest either simplicity or stupidity.

1960 Eng. Stud. in Afr. 3 52 The simplicity of the old people themselves, numb and almost stupid.

2012 S. Hamdy Our Bodies belong to God vi. 198 The..attending physician seemed to blame Samira for her ignorance and simplicity.

b. An instance of uneducated, ignorant, or foolish behaviour, thought, speech, etc. Usually in plural. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [noun] > instance of

ignorancec1450

simplicity1574

nesciencea1625

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > simplicity, simple-mindedness > [noun] > instance of

simplicity1574

niaiserie1832

to see any green in one's eye1842

1574 R. Scot Perfite Platforme of Hoppe Garden 56 Their wysedome seruing them to no other ende, but to quarrell with other mens simplicities.

1610 A. Cooke Pope Ioane 46 There are so many incongruities, simplicities, absurdities..in his verie narration of it.

1660 Breife Descr. Phanatiques 7 They impute also unto it their simplicities, fondnesses, impudencies.

1768 tr. J.-J. Rousseau Thoughts Different Subj. II. 49 These same accounts did not often degenerate into puerile simplicities.

1857 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. II. 64 Asking excuses for their simplicities, queerness and superstitions.

1986 P. Lee Guard her Children Pref. 12 The blunders, myopia and deficiencies remain mine. Guard Her Children is meant primarily for outsiders to South Africa; the locals must forgive my simplicities.

†c. An ignorant or foolish person; a simpleton. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun] > simpleton

innocentc1386

greenhead1576

gonyc1580

ninnyhammer1592

chicken1600

loach1605

simplician1605

hichcock1607

smelt1607

foppasty1611

dovea1616

goslinga1616

funge1621

simplicity1633

gewgaw1634

squab1640

simpletonian1652

ninny-whoop1653

softhead1654

foppotee1663

greenhorn1672

sumph1682

sawney1699

sillyton1708

gaby?1746

gobbin?1746

green goose1768

nin-a-kin1787

Jacob1811

green1824

sillikin1832

greeny1834

softhorn1836

sucker1838

softie1850

dope1851

soft1854

verigreen1854

peanut1864

daftie1872

josser1886

naïf1891

yapc1894

barm-stick1924

knobhead1931

sook1933

nig-nog1953

sawn1953

pronk1959

stiffy1965

1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore ii. sig. E3 How doe you know that simplicity?

1860 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem (1861) III. civ. 11 Undergraduate Oxford exhorts the grown simplicities to persevere, till hopeful youth can come to their relief.

3. Lack of elegance or polish in language or manner of expression; (often used positively) freedom from ornateness or over-elaboration; straightforwardness or clarity of expression. Also in plural: collective instances of such language.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [noun]

outspeakingc1450

plainness1465

simplicity?a1475

homeliness1576

parrhesia1577

planiloquy1658

plain speaking?c1663

nakedness1711

incomplexity1778

outspokennessa1786

plain-spokenness1840

gracility1900

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 51 This Origenes movede questiones..how scripture is seide inspirate by the Holy Goste, and what thynge of divine cownsayle simplicite [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. symplenesse] of wordes coverethe in hit.

1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Pref. sig. Av^v Goddes woorde, (whyche they contemned for the simplicitie of the same).

1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. iii. 16 If anie haue charged mee, or do charge mee..with simplicity, I yeeld.

a1625 H. Finch Law (1636) 386 By his gesture, countenance, or simplicity of speech, it may be discouered; which the artificiall speech of his Councell learned would hide and colour.

1697 J. Addison Ess. Georgics in J. Dryden tr. Virgil Wks. sig. ¶3^v The Precepts of Husbandry are not to be deliver'd with the Simplicity of a Plow-Man, but with the Address of a Poet.

1742 P. Doddridge Evil & Danger Neglecting Souls of Men 22 Greater Plainness and Simplicity of Speech might often be more useful to the Bulk of our Auditory.

1783 W. Cowper Let. 24 Nov. (1981) II. 185 Simplicity is become a very rare quality in a writer.

1812 Monthly Rev. Dec. 384 In writing for the stage, let him be concise, and prefer the simplicities of phraseology.

1840 H. Rogers Ess. (1874) II. v. 259 True simplicity..as it regards the expression..means, that thoughts worth hearing are expressed in language that every one can understand.

1927 Overland Monthly June 182/1 The fluency and simplicity of writing suggest the finest of poetry.

1974 M. Tippett Moving into Aquarius 61 The search for lyrical simplicity was therefore for me the hardest thing of all.

2014 Jrnl. Hist. Soc. Nigeria 23 167 Contributors should seek clarity, brevity, and simplicity of expression.

a. Absence of deceitfulness or duplicity; sincerity, openness; guilelessness, artlessness. Also: lack of affectation or pretension; naturalness; humility. Formerly also sometimes personified.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] > artlessness, guilessness, or innocence

simplesse1372

simplenessa1382

innocencec1385

simplicitya1500

innocencya1513

ingenuousness1611

plain-heartedness1647

artlessness1663

naivety1708

naïveté1725

acacy1727

simple-heartedness1822

simple-mindedness1827

naiveness1854

onefoldness1887

authenticity1910

the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] > artlessness, guilessness, or innocence > personified

simplicity1597

a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 32 (MED) By the dowue for the symplicite and mekenes of his kynde is vnderstonde the Holy Gost.

1587 A. Day Longus's Daphnis & Chloe sig. π1 Excellently describing the weight of affection, the simplicitie of loue.

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 183 To decke a lowlie matter with loftie and swelling speech, will be to put simplicitie in plumes of feathers.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 742 A man of the ancient Christian simplicity.

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. x. 2 Nathanael was..full of holy simplicity, a true Israelite without guile.

1702 Eng. Theophrastus 112 Plain-dealing and simplicity are the best game a man can play.

1773 H. More Search after Happiness ii. 144 Hail, artless Simplicity, beautiful maid.

1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) iv. 40 Everybody..looked up to him with respect for the simplicity of his character.

1907 Scotsman 8 Nov. 6/5 The Bishop of the play has a simplicity and openness of character, which in some respects suggests an almost child-like temperament.

1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day ii. 39 An adorable man..with the simplicity of the heroic and a heart of gold.

2012 B. Nelson Irish Nationalists & Making of Irish Race v. 145 He was equally impressed by their simplicity and complete lack of pretense.

†b. An innocent, open, or guileless person. Obsolete.In quot. 1592 perhaps an occasional personification (the person denoted is named in the text as Richard Burt).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > child > [noun]

wenchelc890

childeOE

littleOE

littlingOE

hired-childc1275

smalla1300

brolla1325

innocentc1325

chickc1330

congeonc1330

impc1380

faunt1382

young onec1384

scionc1390

weea1400

birdc1405

chickenc1440

enfaunta1475

small boyc1475

whelp1483

burden1490

little one1509

brat?a1513

younkerkin1528

kitling1541

urchin1556

loneling1579

breed1586

budling1587

pledge?1587

ragazzo1591

simplicity1592

bantling1593

tadpole1594

two-year-old1594

bratcheta1600

lambkin1600

younker1601

dandling1611

buda1616

eyas-musketa1616

dovelinga1618

whelplinga1618

puppet1623

butter printa1625

chit1625

piggy1625

ninnyc1626

youngster1633

fairya1635

lap-child1655

chitterling1675

squeaker1676

cherub1680

kid1690

wean1692

kinchin1699

getlingc1700

totum17..

charity-child1723

small girl1734

poult1739

elfin1748

piggy-wiggy1766

piccaninny1774

suck-thumb18..

teeny1802

olive1803

sprout1813

stumpie1820

sexennarian1821

totty1822

toddle1825

toddles1828

poppet1830

brancher1833

toad1836

toddler1837

ankle-biter1840

yarkera1842

twopenny1844

weeny1844

tottykins1849

toddlekins1852

brattock1858

nipper1859

sprat1860

ninepins1862

angelet1868

tenas man1870

tad1877

tacker1885

chavvy1886

joey1887

toddleskin1890

thumb-sucker1891

littlie1893

peewee1894

tyke1894

che-ild1896

kiddo1896

mother's bairn1896

childling1903

kipper1905

pick1905

small1907

God forbid1909

preadolescent1909

subadolescent1914

toto1914

snookums1919

tweenie1919

problem child1920

squirt1924

trottie1924

tiddler1927

subteen1929

perisher1935

poopsie1937

pre-schooler1937

pre-teen1938

pre-teener1940

juvie1941

sprog1944

pikkie1945

subteenager1947

pre-teenager1948

pint-size1954

saucepan lid1960

rug rat1964

smallie1984

bosom-child-

1592 G. B. Most Wicked Worke of Wretched Witch 3 The spirit..sayde: Come and leaue thy vittels behind thee and thy knife also. Poore simplicity keeping his applepy stil in his hand, came to the barne dore.

1798 G. Colman Heir at Law iv. i. 39 Poor simplicity! dry your tears my good girl:..you shall not want protection while I can give it you.

1839 H. B. Stowe Lady's Bk. Dec. 21/1 You dear little simplicity, you never can understand any thing.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. vii. 228 His little blue-eyed twelve-years-old simplicity of a goat-herd sister.

a. The fact or quality of living modestly, plainly, or frugally, esp. voluntarily; absence or renunciation of luxury. Cf. the simple life at simple adj. 7a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > moderation in sensuous gratification > [noun] > simple life

simple livinga1387

the simple lifea1400

simplicity1542

plainness1549

non-attachment1902

1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 90^v Wee graunte this excedyng great exaumple of simplicitee and plainnesse, to make veraye well to this purpose, that wee maye bee ashamed of our superfluitees, & excesses.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xxxvi. 159 b These Patriarches..liue in all simplicitie & modestie.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. viii. viii. 1290 The Souldier..lapsed from their former austeritie of life, and simplicitie of manners.

1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World xiii. 404 Such is the original simplicity prevailing amongst them, that the men go quite naked.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. i. 2 He had known life in other forms than those of pastoral simplicity.

1836 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. V. xliii. 794 Their simplicity surprised the conqueror, who was accustomed to the magnificence of St. Cloud.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §10. 583 There was a grand simplicity in the life of his [sc. Milton's] later years.

1949 Washington Post 28 Aug. 7 b/7 Overjoyed at the simplicity of existence in a Cossack village.

2002 F. D. Logan Hist. Church in Middle Ages viii. 139 They found this meaning in the utter simplicity of a poor community situated in a remote place.

b. In plural. Aspects or instances of living modestly or frugally; homely, plain, or unsophisticated ways of life or behaviour.

ΚΠ

1794 Trial Hon. R. Bingham 52 In the ardours of mutual affection and the simplicities of rural life.

1850 W. Wordsworth Prelude vi. 135 When to Esthwaite's banks And the simplicities of cottage life I bade farewell.

1878 C. Stanford Symbols Christ (new ed.) v. 123 He still loved the simplicities of a shepherd's life.

1914 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Feb. 90/2 To identify himself with rural simplicities and interests.

1974 H. Blamires Short Hist. Eng. Lit. xiii. 224 The contrast between the lost simplicities of village life and the sickening pleasures of wanton wealth.

2013 Weston & Somerset Mercury (Nexis) 31 Jan. Those early tourists..were often bemused by our rustic Somersetshire simplicities.

6. Absence of ornament or decoration; plain or unembellished appearance or presentation; freedom from unnecessary additions or accessories. Also in plural: instances of this; elements or objects characterized by this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > simplicity > [noun]

plainness1549

austerity1581

simplicity1593

severity1713

simplex munditiis1740

chastity1760

chasteness1889

penny-plainness1920

sabi1932

wabi1934

understatement1967

1593 tr. St. Cyprian in H. Garnet Treat. Christian Renunciation i. 48 The girdle is not besette with golde & pretiouse stones: but wollen, and most pure because of the simplicity.

1682 J. Wilkins Serm. preached upon Several Occas. iv. 103 Many things that are of an excellent beauty in their own native simplicities, may yet be capable of such supperadditions, as will contribute to their further ornament.

1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture III. To Rdr. sig. A My intention in this Supplement was..to give some example of a just and beautiful Simplicity in some if not in all the parts of true Architecture.

1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 57 That [window] in the East end has a magnificient simplicity.

1781 W. Cowper Truth 27 It stands like the cerulean arch we see, Majestic in its own simplicity.

1854 J. Ruskin Lect. Archit. i. 7 Your decorations are just as monotonous as your simplicities.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vi. 116 Even Brummel their fop was marked by the severest simplicity in dress.

1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 26/1 Simplicity and not elaboration marks the best dressed woman today.

1974 Harper's Bazaar Nov. 46/2 Elegance wafts over all, in spite of the rustic simplicity of some of the rooms and scattered cottages.

2017 Tangerine (New Delhi) (Nexis) 31 May The room is designed with simplicity and minimal decor.

†7. U.S. Any of various shorebirds or waders of the family Scolopacidae; cf. humility n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Scolopacidae (snipes, etc.) > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types of

humility1634

simplicity1634

surfbird1839

spathe-bill1840

tilt-up1848

stilt sandpiper1872

1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect i. viii. 31 The Humilities or Simplicities (as I may rather call them) bee of two sorts, the biggest being as big as a greene Plover, the other as big as birds we call knots in England.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Humility, otherwise called Simplicity, a sort of Bird in New England.

1718 G. J. Geogr. Epitomiz'd 223 The Birds are the Loon, Simplicity, Humbird, &c.

Compounds

attributive. Designating or relating to a means of evaluating a theory or description (esp. one relating to grammar or linguistics) which uses economy or lack of complexity as a criterion, as simplicity criterion, simplicity metric, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > schools or theories of grammar > [noun] > criterion for evaluating

simplicity criterion1922

simplicity metric1922

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > schools or theories of grammar > [adjective] > criterion for evaluating

simplicity1922

1922 Nature 23 Mar. 381/1 The simplicity criterion arranges the various possibilities in serial order. If the first of this set afterwards proves unsuitable, the next one is taken, and so on.

1953 F. J. Whitfield tr. L. Hjelmslev Prolegomena to Theory of Lang. 11 If..linguistic theory ends by constructing several possible methods of procedure.., that one shall be chosen that results in the simplest possible description... This principle, which is deduced from our so-called empirical principle, we call the simplicity principle.

1977 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 22 2 Such constraints..entail a fundamental reassessment of current formulations of the simplicity metric.

2014 Erkenntnis 79 1256 We cannot compare the Copernican theory..with, say, the phlogiston theory of combustion, or Cartesian mind–body dualism or scholastic physics... There is no comparing it with them, by this simplicity criterion, because they do not say that anything revolves in circles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	simplicity
释义	simplicityn. Brit. /sɪmˈplɪsᵻti/, U.S. /sɪmˈplɪsədi/ Forms: Middle English–1500s symplicite, Middle English–1500s symplycite, Middle English–1500s symplycyte, Middle English–1600s simplicite, Middle English–1600s symplicitie, 1500s simplicyte, 1500s simplicytie, 1500s simplisitee, 1500s simplisitie, 1500s simplissitie, 1500s simplycitie, 1500s symplycity, 1500s symplycytee, 1500s symplycytie, 1500s symplycyty, 1500s symplycytye, 1500s–1600s simplicitee, 1500s–1600s simplicitye, 1500s–1600s simplicyty, 1500s–1700s simplicitie, 1500s– simplicity, 1600s simplisity; also Scottish pre-1700 simplicitie, pre-1700 simplysitie. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly (i) a borrowing from French. Partly (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French simplicité; Latin simplicitāt-, simplicitās. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French simplicité (French simplicité ) innocence (first half of the 12th cent. in Old French as simplicited ), sincerity (12th cent.), lack of intelligence or education (12th cent.), humility (early 13th cent.), unitary nature (late 15th cent.), fact or quality of living modestly or frugally (1559), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin simplicitāt-, simplicitās singleness of nature, unity, singleness of mind, plainness, open nature, ingenuousness, ignorance, frankness, openness < simplic- , simplex simple (see simple adj.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare simpleness n. and earlier simplesse n., simplety n.Compare Catalan simplicitat (14th cent.), Spanish simplicidad, Portuguese simplicidade, Italian semplicità (all 13th cent.). 1. a. The fact or quality of having a simple form, structure, design, composition, etc.; lack of complexity or intricacy. Hence more generally: the fact or quality of being straightforward to do or use; lack of difficulty, easiness.In early use sometimes: spec. unitary or indivisible nature; cf. simple adj. 12b. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > state or quality of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded > [noun] purenessa1398 simplenessa1398 simplicitya1398 simplesse?c1400 sincerity1546 purity1553 incompoundness1600 unmixedness1612 immixtness1646 immixture1648 uncompoundedness1649 meracity1656 incommixturea1682 singleness1695 simplexity1817 sheerness1903 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. i. xvi. 52 He is alwey impartibil and turneþ and ioyneþ creaturis to his symplicite. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxvi. 1356 Oon in nombre..[and] oon in simplicite. a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) l. 1888 (MED) Such thingis as be Of litill composicion and nye to simplicite, As is scamony & laureolle the laxatife. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. iii. 32 Then is it this first simplicitie which is the King. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. x. §3. 304 His vncompounded simplicitie, is the true matter of his Vnitie. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 191 There being in them no diversitie or difference, but a simplicity of parts, and equiformity in motion. View more context for this quotation 1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth i. 36 We are led..to conceive this great machine of the World..to have been once in a state of greater simplicity than now it is. 1743 W. Emerson Doctr. Fluxions p. xii The Easiness and Simplicity of this Method of Demonstration. 1766 A. Walker Anal. Course Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. x. 52 This mill exceeds all others in simplicity. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xi. 122 The modes of arranging the types..are entirely calculated for the simplicity and convenience of the manual operations concerned. 1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom xvii. 344 The simplicity which the organ of hearing presents in this its earliest appearance. 1873 Galaxy Aug. 194 The neat simplicity of the scheme. 1930 Washington Post 6 Oct. 13/4 (advt.) Simplicity of the parts of the Ford truck materially reduce the cost of maintenance. 1955 Pop. Photogr. May 51/2 (advt.) With the exclusive Bolex Autoloading, film-loading is simplicity itself. 1983 Byte (Nexis) Dec. 250 A ‘minilanguage’ with a syntax similar to Pascal but with the simplicity of basic. 2013 Observer 13 Jan. 9/5 The simplicity of making instant purchases and the allure to progress the game further at the touch of a button..has raised concerns. b. In plural. The straightforward, uncomplicated aspects of something; instances of freedom from complexity. Also: instances of simplification or oversimplification. ΚΠ 1826 T. Chalmers Christian & Civic Econ. Large Towns III. xx. 183 The complex workings of what may be termed the economic mechanism, are altogether at one with the simplicities of theory. 1892 Wallace's Monthly July 335/2 This [classification] includes all that has a regard to the subject as a whole and that necessarily tends, from its simplicities or complexities, to constructively build up a solid, satisfactory result. 1921 New Republic 30 Mar. 351/2 We are deluding ourselves with these mathematical simplicities. 1977 Times 11 Feb. 12/2 The need for new educational certainties..cannot be met by yenning for the relative simplicities of the old ‘elementary’ education. 2012 New Yorker 24 Sept. 99/2 The best parts of ‘Arbitrage’ avoid the usual moral simplicities. c. Something which is easy or uncomplicated to do; (also) a basic or fundamental task. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > [noun] > absence of complexity > that which is > task or duty simplicity1843 1843 Musical World 23 Mar. 109/3 No domestic circle need be without the enjoyment of glee, anthem, and madrigal singing, a sufficient degree of vocal power for these simplicities being almost universal. 1898 Steamship Sept. 110/1 The works and notes of seamen bearing upon the important simplicities of their calling. 1935 Story Apr. 85 It would be a simplicity for him to secure a large selection of her newest work for the American gentleman to examine. 1973 Trailer Life Sept. 120/1 We got up before the birds,..performed the simplicities needed to saddle up our KarAvan original-steel-body, fiber glass topped Ford E-300 van conversion—and moseyed off. 2. a. Lack of knowledge, education, or intellectual sophistication; absence of common sense; ignorance; foolishness. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [noun] unwisdomc825 nutelnessa1200 ignorance?c1225 uncunningc1290 uncunnessa1300 unwittingnessa1300 unknowledging1357 lewdness1362 unsciencec1374 mislearninga1382 simplenessa1382 unknowinga1382 ignorancec1384 unwittingc1384 simplessec1391 rudenessc1400 unweeting14.. lewdhead1401 misknowing?a1425 simplicityc1450 unknowledge1470 discognisancec1475 unknowingness1486 non-knowledge1503 ignorancy1526 simplehead1543 unlearnedness1555 ignoration1563 rusticity1571 ignorantness1574 ignoring1578 inscience1578 ignoramus1583 ingramness1589 lack-learning1590 idiotism1598 ignoramus1598 idiocy1605 nesciencea1625 nescio1637 inerudition1685 unawareness1847 agnosia1879 moronism1922 cluelessness1960 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > simplicity, simple-mindedness > [noun] simplenessa1382 innocencec1385 simplessec1391 simplicityc1450 innocencya1513 simplehead1543 greenness1548 insipidity1603 seeliness1642 niaiserie1657 silliness1736 simpletonism1825 simple-mindedness1827 simpletonianism1848 noodleness1931 c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 367 (MED) To þese þinges I kanne noon answere of my symplicite, but þat I opunly knowleche þat þe worchynges of god ben ful meruelous. ?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Biiij^v Seest thou not playnly, how they of the cyte Dayly dysceyueth, our poore symplycyte. ?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 42 If he had done it of ignorance, necessitie, and simplicitie, then shoulde not he haue died. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage v. xvii. 537 Columbus vsed the like simplicitie of the Jamaicans to his preseruation. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 138 By these Subtilties..he deluded the simplicity of such as were not very circumspect. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 198 This was really a whimsical Thought, and I reprov'd my self often for the Simplicity of it. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 150 By the help of Humphry Clinker, who is a surprising compound of genius and simplicity. 1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. 1 His grandfather..had incurred a nickname expressive of extreme simplicity. 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy i The postmaster, laughing at his simplicity, told him he could not tell what letter to give him unless he told him the direction. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues II. 227 That other simplicity which is only a euphemism for folly. 1924 Scotsman 22 May 6/3 There was nothing, of course, to suggest either simplicity or stupidity. 1960 Eng. Stud. in Afr. 3 52 The simplicity of the old people themselves, numb and almost stupid. 2012 S. Hamdy Our Bodies belong to God vi. 198 The..attending physician seemed to blame Samira for her ignorance and simplicity. b. An instance of uneducated, ignorant, or foolish behaviour, thought, speech, etc. Usually in plural. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [noun] > instance of ignorancec1450 simplicity1574 nesciencea1625 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > simplicity, simple-mindedness > [noun] > instance of simplicity1574 niaiserie1832 to see any green in one's eye1842 1574 R. Scot Perfite Platforme of Hoppe Garden 56 Their wysedome seruing them to no other ende, but to quarrell with other mens simplicities. 1610 A. Cooke Pope Ioane 46 There are so many incongruities, simplicities, absurdities..in his verie narration of it. 1660 Breife Descr. Phanatiques 7 They impute also unto it their simplicities, fondnesses, impudencies. 1768 tr. J.-J. Rousseau Thoughts Different Subj. II. 49 These same accounts did not often degenerate into puerile simplicities. 1857 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. II. 64 Asking excuses for their simplicities, queerness and superstitions. 1986 P. Lee Guard her Children Pref. 12 The blunders, myopia and deficiencies remain mine. Guard Her Children is meant primarily for outsiders to South Africa; the locals must forgive my simplicities. †c. An ignorant or foolish person; a simpleton. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun] > simpleton innocentc1386 greenhead1576 gonyc1580 ninnyhammer1592 chicken1600 loach1605 simplician1605 hichcock1607 smelt1607 foppasty1611 dovea1616 goslinga1616 funge1621 simplicity1633 gewgaw1634 squab1640 simpletonian1652 ninny-whoop1653 softhead1654 foppotee1663 greenhorn1672 sumph1682 sawney1699 sillyton1708 gaby?1746 gobbin?1746 green goose1768 nin-a-kin1787 Jacob1811 green1824 sillikin1832 greeny1834 softhorn1836 sucker1838 softie1850 dope1851 soft1854 verigreen1854 peanut1864 daftie1872 josser1886 naïf1891 yapc1894 barm-stick1924 knobhead1931 sook1933 nig-nog1953 sawn1953 pronk1959 stiffy1965 1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore ii. sig. E3 How doe you know that simplicity? 1860 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem (1861) III. civ. 11 Undergraduate Oxford exhorts the grown simplicities to persevere, till hopeful youth can come to their relief. 3. Lack of elegance or polish in language or manner of expression; (often used positively) freedom from ornateness or over-elaboration; straightforwardness or clarity of expression. Also in plural: collective instances of such language. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [noun] outspeakingc1450 plainness1465 simplicity?a1475 homeliness1576 parrhesia1577 planiloquy1658 plain speaking?c1663 nakedness1711 incomplexity1778 outspokennessa1786 plain-spokenness1840 gracility1900 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 51 This Origenes movede questiones..how scripture is seide inspirate by the Holy Goste, and what thynge of divine cownsayle simplicite [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. symplenesse] of wordes coverethe in hit. 1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Pref. sig. Av^v Goddes woorde, (whyche they contemned for the simplicitie of the same). 1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. iii. 16 If anie haue charged mee, or do charge mee..with simplicity, I yeeld. a1625 H. Finch Law (1636) 386 By his gesture, countenance, or simplicity of speech, it may be discouered; which the artificiall speech of his Councell learned would hide and colour. 1697 J. Addison Ess. Georgics in J. Dryden tr. Virgil Wks. sig. ¶3^v The Precepts of Husbandry are not to be deliver'd with the Simplicity of a Plow-Man, but with the Address of a Poet. 1742 P. Doddridge Evil & Danger Neglecting Souls of Men 22 Greater Plainness and Simplicity of Speech might often be more useful to the Bulk of our Auditory. 1783 W. Cowper Let. 24 Nov. (1981) II. 185 Simplicity is become a very rare quality in a writer. 1812 Monthly Rev. Dec. 384 In writing for the stage, let him be concise, and prefer the simplicities of phraseology. 1840 H. Rogers Ess. (1874) II. v. 259 True simplicity..as it regards the expression..means, that thoughts worth hearing are expressed in language that every one can understand. 1927 Overland Monthly June 182/1 The fluency and simplicity of writing suggest the finest of poetry. 1974 M. Tippett Moving into Aquarius 61 The search for lyrical simplicity was therefore for me the hardest thing of all. 2014 Jrnl. Hist. Soc. Nigeria 23 167 Contributors should seek clarity, brevity, and simplicity of expression. 4. a. Absence of deceitfulness or duplicity; sincerity, openness; guilelessness, artlessness. Also: lack of affectation or pretension; naturalness; humility. Formerly also sometimes personified. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] > artlessness, guilessness, or innocence simplesse1372 simplenessa1382 innocencec1385 simplicitya1500 innocencya1513 ingenuousness1611 plain-heartedness1647 artlessness1663 naivety1708 naïveté1725 acacy1727 simple-heartedness1822 simple-mindedness1827 naiveness1854 onefoldness1887 authenticity1910 the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] > artlessness, guilessness, or innocence > personified simplicity1597 a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 32 (MED) By the dowue for the symplicite and mekenes of his kynde is vnderstonde the Holy Gost. 1587 A. Day Longus's Daphnis & Chloe sig. π1 Excellently describing the weight of affection, the simplicitie of loue. 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 183 To decke a lowlie matter with loftie and swelling speech, will be to put simplicitie in plumes of feathers. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 742 A man of the ancient Christian simplicity. 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. x. 2 Nathanael was..full of holy simplicity, a true Israelite without guile. 1702 Eng. Theophrastus 112 Plain-dealing and simplicity are the best game a man can play. 1773 H. More Search after Happiness ii. 144 Hail, artless Simplicity, beautiful maid. 1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) iv. 40 Everybody..looked up to him with respect for the simplicity of his character. 1907 Scotsman 8 Nov. 6/5 The Bishop of the play has a simplicity and openness of character, which in some respects suggests an almost child-like temperament. 1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day ii. 39 An adorable man..with the simplicity of the heroic and a heart of gold. 2012 B. Nelson Irish Nationalists & Making of Irish Race v. 145 He was equally impressed by their simplicity and complete lack of pretense. †b. An innocent, open, or guileless person. Obsolete.In quot. 1592 perhaps an occasional personification (the person denoted is named in the text as Richard Burt). ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > child > [noun] wenchelc890 childeOE littleOE littlingOE hired-childc1275 smalla1300 brolla1325 innocentc1325 chickc1330 congeonc1330 impc1380 faunt1382 young onec1384 scionc1390 weea1400 birdc1405 chickenc1440 enfaunta1475 small boyc1475 whelp1483 burden1490 little one1509 brat?a1513 younkerkin1528 kitling1541 urchin1556 loneling1579 breed1586 budling1587 pledge?1587 ragazzo1591 simplicity1592 bantling1593 tadpole1594 two-year-old1594 bratcheta1600 lambkin1600 younker1601 dandling1611 buda1616 eyas-musketa1616 dovelinga1618 whelplinga1618 puppet1623 butter printa1625 chit1625 piggy1625 ninnyc1626 youngster1633 fairya1635 lap-child1655 chitterling1675 squeaker1676 cherub1680 kid1690 wean1692 kinchin1699 getlingc1700 totum17.. charity-child1723 small girl1734 poult1739 elfin1748 piggy-wiggy1766 piccaninny1774 suck-thumb18.. teeny1802 olive1803 sprout1813 stumpie1820 sexennarian1821 totty1822 toddle1825 toddles1828 poppet1830 brancher1833 toad1836 toddler1837 ankle-biter1840 yarkera1842 twopenny1844 weeny1844 tottykins1849 toddlekins1852 brattock1858 nipper1859 sprat1860 ninepins1862 angelet1868 tenas man1870 tad1877 tacker1885 chavvy1886 joey1887 toddleskin1890 thumb-sucker1891 littlie1893 peewee1894 tyke1894 che-ild1896 kiddo1896 mother's bairn1896 childling1903 kipper1905 pick1905 small1907 God forbid1909 preadolescent1909 subadolescent1914 toto1914 snookums1919 tweenie1919 problem child1920 squirt1924 trottie1924 tiddler1927 subteen1929 perisher1935 poopsie1937 pre-schooler1937 pre-teen1938 pre-teener1940 juvie1941 sprog1944 pikkie1945 subteenager1947 pre-teenager1948 pint-size1954 saucepan lid1960 rug rat1964 smallie1984 bosom-child- 1592 G. B. Most Wicked Worke of Wretched Witch 3 The spirit..sayde: Come and leaue thy vittels behind thee and thy knife also. Poore simplicity keeping his applepy stil in his hand, came to the barne dore. 1798 G. Colman Heir at Law iv. i. 39 Poor simplicity! dry your tears my good girl:..you shall not want protection while I can give it you. 1839 H. B. Stowe Lady's Bk. Dec. 21/1 You dear little simplicity, you never can understand any thing. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. vii. 228 His little blue-eyed twelve-years-old simplicity of a goat-herd sister. 5. a. The fact or quality of living modestly, plainly, or frugally, esp. voluntarily; absence or renunciation of luxury. Cf. the simple life at simple adj. 7a. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > moderation in sensuous gratification > [noun] > simple life simple livinga1387 the simple lifea1400 simplicity1542 plainness1549 non-attachment1902 1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 90^v Wee graunte this excedyng great exaumple of simplicitee and plainnesse, to make veraye well to this purpose, that wee maye bee ashamed of our superfluitees, & excesses. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xxxvi. 159 b These Patriarches..liue in all simplicitie & modestie. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. viii. viii. 1290 The Souldier..lapsed from their former austeritie of life, and simplicitie of manners. 1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World xiii. 404 Such is the original simplicity prevailing amongst them, that the men go quite naked. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. i. 2 He had known life in other forms than those of pastoral simplicity. 1836 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. V. xliii. 794 Their simplicity surprised the conqueror, who was accustomed to the magnificence of St. Cloud. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §10. 583 There was a grand simplicity in the life of his [sc. Milton's] later years. 1949 Washington Post 28 Aug. 7 b/7 Overjoyed at the simplicity of existence in a Cossack village. 2002 F. D. Logan Hist. Church in Middle Ages viii. 139 They found this meaning in the utter simplicity of a poor community situated in a remote place. b. In plural. Aspects or instances of living modestly or frugally; homely, plain, or unsophisticated ways of life or behaviour. ΚΠ 1794 Trial Hon. R. Bingham 52 In the ardours of mutual affection and the simplicities of rural life. 1850 W. Wordsworth Prelude vi. 135 When to Esthwaite's banks And the simplicities of cottage life I bade farewell. 1878 C. Stanford Symbols Christ (new ed.) v. 123 He still loved the simplicities of a shepherd's life. 1914 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Feb. 90/2 To identify himself with rural simplicities and interests. 1974 H. Blamires Short Hist. Eng. Lit. xiii. 224 The contrast between the lost simplicities of village life and the sickening pleasures of wanton wealth. 2013 Weston & Somerset Mercury (Nexis) 31 Jan. Those early tourists..were often bemused by our rustic Somersetshire simplicities. 6. Absence of ornament or decoration; plain or unembellished appearance or presentation; freedom from unnecessary additions or accessories. Also in plural: instances of this; elements or objects characterized by this. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > simplicity > [noun] plainness1549 austerity1581 simplicity1593 severity1713 simplex munditiis1740 chastity1760 chasteness1889 penny-plainness1920 sabi1932 wabi1934 understatement1967 1593 tr. St. Cyprian in H. Garnet Treat. Christian Renunciation i. 48 The girdle is not besette with golde & pretiouse stones: but wollen, and most pure because of the simplicity. 1682 J. Wilkins Serm. preached upon Several Occas. iv. 103 Many things that are of an excellent beauty in their own native simplicities, may yet be capable of such supperadditions, as will contribute to their further ornament. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture III. To Rdr. sig. A My intention in this Supplement was..to give some example of a just and beautiful Simplicity in some if not in all the parts of true Architecture. 1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 57 That [window] in the East end has a magnificient simplicity. 1781 W. Cowper Truth 27 It stands like the cerulean arch we see, Majestic in its own simplicity. 1854 J. Ruskin Lect. Archit. i. 7 Your decorations are just as monotonous as your simplicities. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vi. 116 Even Brummel their fop was marked by the severest simplicity in dress. 1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 26/1 Simplicity and not elaboration marks the best dressed woman today. 1974 Harper's Bazaar Nov. 46/2 Elegance wafts over all, in spite of the rustic simplicity of some of the rooms and scattered cottages. 2017 Tangerine (New Delhi) (Nexis) 31 May The room is designed with simplicity and minimal decor. †7. U.S. Any of various shorebirds or waders of the family Scolopacidae; cf. humility n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Scolopacidae (snipes, etc.) > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types of humility1634 simplicity1634 surfbird1839 spathe-bill1840 tilt-up1848 stilt sandpiper1872 1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect i. viii. 31 The Humilities or Simplicities (as I may rather call them) bee of two sorts, the biggest being as big as a greene Plover, the other as big as birds we call knots in England. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Humility, otherwise called Simplicity, a sort of Bird in New England. 1718 G. J. Geogr. Epitomiz'd 223 The Birds are the Loon, Simplicity, Humbird, &c. Compounds attributive. Designating or relating to a means of evaluating a theory or description (esp. one relating to grammar or linguistics) which uses economy or lack of complexity as a criterion, as simplicity criterion, simplicity metric, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > schools or theories of grammar > [noun] > criterion for evaluating simplicity criterion1922 simplicity metric1922 the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > schools or theories of grammar > [adjective] > criterion for evaluating simplicity1922 1922 Nature 23 Mar. 381/1 The simplicity criterion arranges the various possibilities in serial order. If the first of this set afterwards proves unsuitable, the next one is taken, and so on. 1953 F. J. Whitfield tr. L. Hjelmslev Prolegomena to Theory of Lang. 11 If..linguistic theory ends by constructing several possible methods of procedure.., that one shall be chosen that results in the simplest possible description... This principle, which is deduced from our so-called empirical principle, we call the simplicity principle. 1977 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 22 2 Such constraints..entail a fundamental reassessment of current formulations of the simplicity metric. 2014 Erkenntnis 79 1256 We cannot compare the Copernican theory..with, say, the phlogiston theory of combustion, or Cartesian mind–body dualism or scholastic physics... There is no comparing it with them, by this simplicity criterion, because they do not say that anything revolves in circles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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