Black Marian.

(in senses 1, 3)Brit.

/ˌblak məˈrʌɪə/, U.S.

/ˌblæk məˈriə/,

/ˌblæk məˈraɪə/ (in sense 2)Brit.

/ˌblak məˈrɪə/, U.S.

/ˌblæk məˈriə/

Forms: 1800s– Black Maria, 1800s– Black Mariah. Also with lower-case initial(s).

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: black adj., proper name Maria.

Etymology: < black adj. (in sense 1 with reference to the original colour of the van, in sense 2 with reference to the colour of the suit of spades, in sense 3a with reference to the colour of the smoke) + the female forename Maria, Mariah (see Mary n.¹).The semantic motivation of the second element in sense 1 is unclear. Suggestions include that the name may derive from that of an 1830s racehorse called Black Maria , or from the forename of Maria Lee , an African-American proprietress of a sailors' lodging house in Boston, who, on account of her tallness and strength, was reputedly often asked by the police for help in apprehending and detaining criminals. With sense 3 perhaps compare Bertha n.², Silent Susan (see quot. 1915 at dud n.¹ 5b), and similar nicknames for armaments.

1. slang (originally U.S.). A van for the transportation of prisoners; a police patrol van.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > prison or police van

prison van1829

Black Maria1835

salad basket1906

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor lorry, truck, or van > [noun] > van > police van

pie wagon1904

paddy wagon1909

Black Maria1924

pickup van1941

meat wagon1949

squadrol1961

1835 N.Y. Transcript 24 Dec. 2/5 (The carriage for transporting prisoners) generally known as ‘Black Maria’.

1840 Spirit of Times 25 Jan. 558/1 They call the go-cart that transports loafers from the Philadelphia Police court to the House of Correction the Black Maria.

1847 Boston Evening Traveller 25 Sept. 2/3 A new Black Maria,..a new wagon for the conveyance of prisoners to and from the courts of justice.

1870 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 24 Aug. The Sheriff has procured the prison ambulance, or ‘Black Maria’ to convey prisoners. It is a..huge black, covered box, raised on wheels with a small aperture at each end and hauled by two horses.

1891 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 20 June Raleigh will have a police patrol wagon or ‘Black Mariah’.

1924 Punch 17 Sept. 309 A Black Maria containing twelve prisoners.

1961 C. Beaton Diary Jan. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) xxiii. 339 I felt what it was like to be handcuffed and taken off in the Black Maria.

1974 Amer. Speech 1971 46 78 Large police van: paddy wagon, van, Black Maria, patrol wagon, patrol.

2000 A. Bourdain Kitchen Confid. (2001) 304 Every once in a while, I'll remember..the faraway neee-nawww, neee-nawww sounds of a distant Black Maria.

2. Cards. A game in which players try to avoid winning tricks containing either hearts or the queen of spades. Also: a name for the queen of spades in this game.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > others

laugh and lie down1522

mack1548

decoyc1555

pinionc1557

to beat the knave out of doors1570

imperial1577

prima vista1587

loadum1591

flush1598

prime1598

thirty-perforce1599

gresco1605

hole1621

my sow's pigged1621

slam1621

fox-mine-host1622

whipperginnie1622

crimpa1637

hundred1636

pinache1641

sequence1653

lady's hole1658

quebas1668

art of memory1674

costly colours1674

penneech1674

plain dealing1674

wit and reason1680

comet1685

lansquenet1687

incertain1689

macham1689

uptails1694

quinze1714

hoc1730

commerce1732

matrimonya1743

tredrille1764

Tom come tickle me1769

tresette1785

snitch'ems1798

tontine1798

blind hazard1816

all fives1838

short cards1845

blind hookey1852

sixty-six1857

skin the lamb1864

brisque1870

handicap1870

manille1874

forty-five1875

slobberhannes1877

fifteen1884

Black Maria1885

slapjack1887

seven-and-a-half1895

pit1904

Russian Bank1915

red dog1919

fan-tan1923

Pelmanism1923

Slippery Sam1923

go fish1933

Russian Banker1937

racing demon1938

pit-a-pat1947

scopa1965

1885 Freehorn County (Albert Lea, Minnesota) Standard 4 Mar. 3/1 He takes in..whist, all hearts, pinochle, sixty-six, cabbage, casino, black jack, black maria, marbles, [etc.].

1937 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 19 Mar. 16/1 The rules remain the same but the excitement is doubled because there are two Black Marias to dodge and hosts of Hearts.

1939 H. Phillips & B. C. Westall Compl. Bk. Card Games 106 This is how Black Maria, for three, is played... The object of the game..is not to win tricks, but not to win certain of the tricks, i.e., those containing what are called Penalty Cards.

1997 Poker Mag. Premiere 15/1 A Thursday night get-together with some coworkers for a beer-laced evening of pass the trash, black Mariah and 7–27.

2004 N. Katz Everything Card Games Bk. 222 The objective of Black Maria is to get rid of your cards without capturing the queen of spades (the Black Maria) or any hearts.

3. Army slang (chiefly British). During the First World War (1914–18) a name given to certain German armaments. Now historical and rare.

a. A heavy German shell filled with T.N.T. that on exploding emits volumes of dense black smoke. Cf. coal box n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shell > shell > other types of shell

carcass1684

light ball1729

anchor ball1779

shrapnel1810

hollow shot1862

segment-shell1862

blind-shell1864

ring-shot1868

star shell1876

ring-shell1879

pipsqueak1900

Black Maria1914

coal box1914

crump1914

Jack Johnson1914

Archie1915

Little Willie1915

whizz-bang1915

woolly bear1915

fizzbang1916

five-ninea1918

ashcan1918

cream puff1918

sea-bag1918

pudding1919

G.I. can1929

flechette1961

1914 E. C. Vivian With Royal Army Med. Corps at Front vii. 128 Watching the ‘Black Marias’ burst on the plain of the Aisne.

1914 Scotsman 12 Oct. 10/5 The 16-inch ‘Black-Maria’ shells of the heaviest German artillery.

1919 Athenæum 11 July 583/2 For high or low velocity German shells, as substitutes for ‘marmite’, the British soldier came out with ‘coalbox’, ‘Black Maria’, ‘Jack Johnson’, ‘heavy stuff’.

1930 A. Findlay Spirit Chem. xxiii. 380 Dense black clouds of carboniferous matter are produced, and this led, to the nicknames of ‘Coal-box’ and ‘Black Maria’ being applied to the shells filled with this explosive [sc. T.N.T.].

b. A large-calibre German howitzer gun.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > other pieces of ordnance

bombardc1430

ribaudequin1443

stock-gun1465

seven sistersa1529

chamber1540

bastard1545

chamber piece1547

volger1548

dogc1550

battardc1565

long shot1595

quarter piece1625

pelican1639

monkey1650

spirol1653

stock-fowler1669

saltamartino1684

smeriglio1688

botcarda1700

carriage gun1723

Lancaster1857

Armstrong1860

wire gun1860

Columbiad1861

Parrott1861

wedge-gun1876

truck-gun1883

motor cannon1889

Black Maria1914

Jack Johnson1914

supergun1915

flak1938

1914 Sprig of Shillelagh Nov. 12/1 They have a huge big gun which we call Black Maria. She has a shell of 230lb. and a range of over ten miles.

1916 E. W. Hamilton First 7 Div. 125 The enemy were all this time steadily outranging our artillery with its big eleven-inch guns, popularly known as ‘Black Marias’.

1917 T. H. Russell Amer. War for Humanity xix. 318 The largest guns which the Germans possess, ‘Black Marias’, as Tommy Atkins has christened them.

2006 D. Farr Silent Gen. v. 46 The British had little answer to the German long-range guns. Their big guns, called Black Marias by the British soldier, fired 90 lb shells.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	black maria
释义	Black Marian. (in senses 1, 3)Brit. /ˌblak məˈrʌɪə/, U.S. /ˌblæk məˈriə/, /ˌblæk məˈraɪə/ (in sense 2)Brit. /ˌblak məˈrɪə/, U.S. /ˌblæk məˈriə/ Forms: 1800s– Black Maria, 1800s– Black Mariah. Also with lower-case initial(s). Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: black adj., proper name Maria. Etymology: < black adj. (in sense 1 with reference to the original colour of the van, in sense 2 with reference to the colour of the suit of spades, in sense 3a with reference to the colour of the smoke) + the female forename Maria, Mariah (see Mary n.¹).The semantic motivation of the second element in sense 1 is unclear. Suggestions include that the name may derive from that of an 1830s racehorse called Black Maria , or from the forename of Maria Lee , an African-American proprietress of a sailors' lodging house in Boston, who, on account of her tallness and strength, was reputedly often asked by the police for help in apprehending and detaining criminals. With sense 3 perhaps compare Bertha n.², Silent Susan (see quot. 1915 at dud n.¹ 5b), and similar nicknames for armaments. 1. slang (originally U.S.). A van for the transportation of prisoners; a police patrol van. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > prison or police van prison van1829 Black Maria1835 salad basket1906 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor lorry, truck, or van > [noun] > van > police van pie wagon1904 paddy wagon1909 Black Maria1924 pickup van1941 meat wagon1949 squadrol1961 1835 N.Y. Transcript 24 Dec. 2/5 (The carriage for transporting prisoners) generally known as ‘Black Maria’. 1840 Spirit of Times 25 Jan. 558/1 They call the go-cart that transports loafers from the Philadelphia Police court to the House of Correction the Black Maria. 1847 Boston Evening Traveller 25 Sept. 2/3 A new Black Maria,..a new wagon for the conveyance of prisoners to and from the courts of justice. 1870 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 24 Aug. The Sheriff has procured the prison ambulance, or ‘Black Maria’ to convey prisoners. It is a..huge black, covered box, raised on wheels with a small aperture at each end and hauled by two horses. 1891 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 20 June Raleigh will have a police patrol wagon or ‘Black Mariah’. 1924 Punch 17 Sept. 309 A Black Maria containing twelve prisoners. 1961 C. Beaton Diary Jan. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) xxiii. 339 I felt what it was like to be handcuffed and taken off in the Black Maria. 1974 Amer. Speech 1971 46 78 Large police van: paddy wagon, van, Black Maria, patrol wagon, patrol. 2000 A. Bourdain Kitchen Confid. (2001) 304 Every once in a while, I'll remember..the faraway neee-nawww, neee-nawww sounds of a distant Black Maria. 2. Cards. A game in which players try to avoid winning tricks containing either hearts or the queen of spades. Also: a name for the queen of spades in this game. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > others laugh and lie down1522 mack1548 decoyc1555 pinionc1557 to beat the knave out of doors1570 imperial1577 prima vista1587 loadum1591 flush1598 prime1598 thirty-perforce1599 gresco1605 hole1621 my sow's pigged1621 slam1621 fox-mine-host1622 whipperginnie1622 crimpa1637 hundred1636 pinache1641 sequence1653 lady's hole1658 quebas1668 art of memory1674 costly colours1674 penneech1674 plain dealing1674 wit and reason1680 comet1685 lansquenet1687 incertain1689 macham1689 uptails1694 quinze1714 hoc1730 commerce1732 matrimonya1743 tredrille1764 Tom come tickle me1769 tresette1785 snitch'ems1798 tontine1798 blind hazard1816 all fives1838 short cards1845 blind hookey1852 sixty-six1857 skin the lamb1864 brisque1870 handicap1870 manille1874 forty-five1875 slobberhannes1877 fifteen1884 Black Maria1885 slapjack1887 seven-and-a-half1895 pit1904 Russian Bank1915 red dog1919 fan-tan1923 Pelmanism1923 Slippery Sam1923 go fish1933 Russian Banker1937 racing demon1938 pit-a-pat1947 scopa1965 1885 Freehorn County (Albert Lea, Minnesota) Standard 4 Mar. 3/1 He takes in..whist, all hearts, pinochle, sixty-six, cabbage, casino, black jack, black maria, marbles, [etc.]. 1937 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 19 Mar. 16/1 The rules remain the same but the excitement is doubled because there are two Black Marias to dodge and hosts of Hearts. 1939 H. Phillips & B. C. Westall Compl. Bk. Card Games 106 This is how Black Maria, for three, is played... The object of the game..is not to win tricks, but not to win certain of the tricks, i.e., those containing what are called Penalty Cards. 1997 Poker Mag. Premiere 15/1 A Thursday night get-together with some coworkers for a beer-laced evening of pass the trash, black Mariah and 7–27. 2004 N. Katz Everything Card Games Bk. 222 The objective of Black Maria is to get rid of your cards without capturing the queen of spades (the Black Maria) or any hearts. 3. Army slang (chiefly British). During the First World War (1914–18) a name given to certain German armaments. Now historical and rare. a. A heavy German shell filled with T.N.T. that on exploding emits volumes of dense black smoke. Cf. coal box n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shell > shell > other types of shell carcass1684 light ball1729 anchor ball1779 shrapnel1810 hollow shot1862 segment-shell1862 blind-shell1864 ring-shot1868 star shell1876 ring-shell1879 pipsqueak1900 Black Maria1914 coal box1914 crump1914 Jack Johnson1914 Archie1915 Little Willie1915 whizz-bang1915 woolly bear1915 fizzbang1916 five-ninea1918 ashcan1918 cream puff1918 sea-bag1918 pudding1919 G.I. can1929 flechette1961 1914 E. C. Vivian With Royal Army Med. Corps at Front vii. 128 Watching the ‘Black Marias’ burst on the plain of the Aisne. 1914 Scotsman 12 Oct. 10/5 The 16-inch ‘Black-Maria’ shells of the heaviest German artillery. 1919 Athenæum 11 July 583/2 For high or low velocity German shells, as substitutes for ‘marmite’, the British soldier came out with ‘coalbox’, ‘Black Maria’, ‘Jack Johnson’, ‘heavy stuff’. 1930 A. Findlay Spirit Chem. xxiii. 380 Dense black clouds of carboniferous matter are produced, and this led, to the nicknames of ‘Coal-box’ and ‘Black Maria’ being applied to the shells filled with this explosive [sc. T.N.T.]. b. A large-calibre German howitzer gun. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > other pieces of ordnance bombardc1430 ribaudequin1443 stock-gun1465 seven sistersa1529 chamber1540 bastard1545 chamber piece1547 volger1548 dogc1550 battardc1565 long shot1595 quarter piece1625 pelican1639 monkey1650 spirol1653 stock-fowler1669 saltamartino1684 smeriglio1688 botcarda1700 carriage gun1723 Lancaster1857 Armstrong1860 wire gun1860 Columbiad1861 Parrott1861 wedge-gun1876 truck-gun1883 motor cannon1889 Black Maria1914 Jack Johnson1914 supergun1915 flak1938 1914 Sprig of Shillelagh Nov. 12/1 They have a huge big gun which we call Black Maria. She has a shell of 230lb. and a range of over ten miles. 1916 E. W. Hamilton First 7 Div. 125 The enemy were all this time steadily outranging our artillery with its big eleven-inch guns, popularly known as ‘Black Marias’. 1917 T. H. Russell Amer. War for Humanity xix. 318 The largest guns which the Germans possess, ‘Black Marias’, as Tommy Atkins has christened them. 2006 D. Farr Silent Gen. v. 46 The British had little answer to the German long-range guns. Their big guns, called Black Marias by the British soldier, fired 90 lb shells. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1835
随便看	to get something on the ball to get something right to get something straight to get somewhere to get sprogged up to get start off on the right foot to get start off on the wrong foot to get stick to get stink eye to get stoned to get straight to get stuck in to get stuck in one's head to get stuck into to get surety to get thank to get that way to get the advantage of to get the back of to get the bad end of the stick to get the bag to get the best of to get the best out of to get the better end of to get the better end of the staff