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单词 sloe
释义

sloen.

Brit. /sləʊ/, U.S. /sloʊ/
Forms: α. Old English slah ( slach-), slag ( slagh-), Old English, Middle English sla, Middle English–1600s slo, Middle English–1500s sloo, 1500s sloa, 1500s– sloe (1800s dialect sloo, slue, slew). β. plural Old English slan, Middle English slon, Middle English sloon, Middle English–1500s sloen, 1600s slone, slane. γ. 1500s–1600s slow(e. δ. 1500s– Scottish and northern slae, 1800s northern sla(a, slaigh, slay, slea, slee, etc.
Etymology: Old English slá(h), etc., = Frisian slé, Middle Dutch slee, slie (Dutch slee, Flemish slei, sleie), sleeu (Kilian sleeuwe), Middle Low German slee (Low German slê, slî), Old High German slêha (Middle High German slêhe, German schlehe, †schlee), perhaps related to Old Slavonic and Russian sliva, Lithuanian slýwas plum. The original plural in -n (Old English slán, Middle English slōn) is recorded down to the 17th cent., and is the source of the singular forms now current in southern dialects (see Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. Slone). A similar transference appears in Middle Dutch sleen (Flemish sleen, slene), Middle Low German slên, slein (Low German slên, slein, slîn, also slôn, whence probably Danish slaaen, Swedish slån).
1.
a. The fruit of the blackthorn ( Prunus spinosa), a small ovate or globose drupe of a black or dark-purple colour and sharp sour taste.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > stone fruit > [noun] > plum > sloe
sloec725
blackberry1567
egg-peg1878
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > stone fruit > plum > sloe
sloec725
blackberry1567
cat-sloe1578
snag1578
hedge-peak1630
bull-plum1770
hedge-speak1847
winterpick1859
egg-peg1878
α.
c725 Corpus Gloss. B 75 Bellicum, slag.
a1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 196 Brumela, bellicum, vel sla.
c1000 Saxon Leechd. II. 32 Genim onwære slah..& wring þurh clað on þæt eage.
c1340 Nominale (Skeat) 679 Appul, pere, and slo.
?c1366 Romaunt Rose 928 Blak as bery, or any slo.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 459/2 Slo, frute, prunum, vel spinum.
1483 Cath. Angl. 342/2 A Sla, spinum, mespilum.
1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iii. sig. H.iv For hunger, sloes hath ben my food.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 63 My self I dieted with sloas.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 118 The iuyce of them, especially of Sloes,..is of excellent efficacy.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 128 He knew to..tame to Plums, the sourness of the Sloes . View more context for this quotation
1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 7. 47 He will swallow, with Transport, what was squeezed from the Sloe.
1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 214 Sloes are the only fruits of the island.
1842 Dumfries Herald Oct. Sloes..are almost always plentiful.
1885 Ld. Tennyson Flight iv, in Tiresias The blackthorn-blossom fades and falls and leaves the bitter sloe.
β. a1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 269 Moros, slan.14.. Ms. Harl. 3388 in T. O. Cockayne Saxon Leechdoms III. 345/1 Succus prunellarum immaturarum, grene slane wose.a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 4983 Oþer mete þai ne habben Bot hawen, hepen, slon, & crabben.c1450 Middle Eng. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 86 Take and gedre þe a good quantite of sloon, þat bene rype.1574 J. Baret Aluearie B 290 Hawbearies, sloen, gooseberies and such like.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 169 Bulleis, Skegs, and Slone (which are the berries, as it were, or fruit of the wild Plum tree).1633 J. Hart Κλινικη i. xvi. 63 Plummes..are of two sorts, either wilde, called sloes or slane [etc.].γ. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. K3v Slowes blacke as ieat.1619 M. Drayton Poems 414 The Hip, the Haw, the Slow, the Bramble-berrie.1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 11 As farre..as the best Abricot is beyond the worst Slow or Crab.δ. 1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 308 I sawe..ane bush of bitter Slais [ed. 2 Slaes].1786 R. Burns Holy Fair iii, in Poems 41 Their visage wither'd, lang an' thin, An' sour as ony slaes!1802 in W. Scott Minstrelsy Sc. Border II. 121 To the grene wood I maun gae, To pu' the red rose and the slae.1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Slaa, sloe.1837 R. Nicoll Poems (1843) 75 To feast on the bramble-berries brown An' gather the glossy slaes.1838 W. Holloway Gen. Dict. Provincialisms Slaigh, the fruit of the black-thorn.
b. As the type of something having little or no value. (So Old French parnele, = French prunelle.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth
ivy-leafc1000
needle?c1225
sloec1250
peasea1275
strawc1290
bean1297
nutc1300
buttonc1330
leekc1330
trifle1375
cress1377
goose-wing1377
sop1377
niflec1395
vetcha1400
a pin's head (also point)c1450
trump1513
plack1530
toy1530
blue point1532
grey groat1546
cherry-stone1607
jiggalorum1613
candle-enda1625
peppercorn1638
sponge1671
sneeshing1686
snottera1689
catchpenny1705
potato1757
snuff1809
pinhead1828
traneen1837
a hill of beans1863
gubbins1918
c1250 Orison our Lady 28 in Old Eng. Misc. 160 Þis liues blisse nis wurð a slo.
a1300 Havelok 2051 Of hem ne yeue ich nouht a slo.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 141 Þe[r] nas man in al þis londe..Þat bireft him worþ of a slo [c1475 Caius sloo].
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 1120 Þou schalt do so, And by desir of good, nat sette a slo.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1904) I. l. 7152 Al availled hit hem not a slo.
c. transferred. The apple of one's eye.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > loved one > [noun]
darlingc888
the apple of a person's eyeeOE
lief971
light of one's eye(s)OE
lovedOE
my lifelOE
lovec1225
druta1240
chere1297
sweetc1330
popelotc1390
likinga1393
oninga1400
onlepya1400
belovedc1430
well-beloved1447
heart-rootc1460
deara1500
delicate1531
belove1534
leefkyn1540
one and only1551
fondling1580
dearing1601
precious1602
loveling1606
dotey1663
lovee1753
passion1783
mavourneen1800
dote1809
treasure1844
seraph1853
sloe1884
darlint1888
asthore1894
darl1930
1884 Graphic Xmas No. 13/2 I loved him..like the sloe of my eye.
2.
a. The blackthorn, Prunus spinosa.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > blackthorn or sloe bush
sloe-thornc725
blackthorna1325
sloe-treec1340
gribble1578
sloe1753
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Sloe-worm That of the sloe is of a greyish hue, and its spines longer.
1793 R. Burns Poems (ed. 2) II. 178 The hawthorn's budding in the glen, And milk-white is the slae.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) IV. 51 [This lichen is] whitest on the sloe.
1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 68/2 Of the Plum genus, thus restricted, there is in common use the Garden Plum,..the Bullace,..and the Sloe.
1882 Garden 15 Apr. 247/1 We are grateful to the Sloe for the way which it adorns hedgerow, rock, or copse..in spring with its fearless bloom.
b. U.S. (See quots.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > viburnums or guelder rose and allies > [noun]
bendwithc1440
opier1548
opulus1548
ople1551
dwarf plane tree1578
water elder1578
whitten1578
guelder rose1597
rose elder1597
wayfaring man's tree1597
wayfaring tree1597
opiet1601
cotton tree1633
viorne1637
mealy tree1640
laurustinus1664
stinking tree1681
black haw1688
laurel-thyme1693
laurustine1693
viburnum1731
wayfaring shrub1731
May rose1753
pembina1760
snowball tree1760
mealtree1785
stink-tree1795
cherry-wood1821
snowball1828
sloe1846
withe-rod1846
lithy-tree1866
nannyberry1867
king's crown1879
stag bush1884
snowball bush1931
1846–50 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. 303 Viburnum prunifolium, Black Haw, Sloe.
1882 F. B. Hough Elem. Forestry 269 Haw: Sloe: Arrow-Wood (Genus Viburnum).
1898 L. H. Bailey Evol. Native Fruits 224 The black sloe of the southern states, Prunus umbellata, attains a height of twelve to twenty feet.

Compounds

General attributive.
sloe-black adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [adjective] > bluish-black
pukish1566
blue-black1626
sloe-black1735
1735 W. Somervile Chace i. 241 His large Sloe-black Eyes Melt in soft Blandishments.
1882 W. Black Shandon Bells i Those soft, large, sloe-black eyes.
sloe-blue adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > dark blue
blewebis1330
sloe-blue1795
Oxford blue1856
navy blue1859
coal blue1861
marine blue1873
lead-blue1882
navy1896
1795 M. Underwood Treat. Dis. Children (ed. 3) II. i. 125 A sloe-blue, or leaden-colour of the lips.
sloe-bush n.
ΚΠ
1562 W. Turner Herball (1568) ii. 104 Our slobush or blak thorn is one kynde.
1894 E. Clodd FitzGerald's Grave 8 The hedges, in their tangle of sweetbriar and sloe~bush and bramble.
sloe-eye n.
ΚΠ
1957 V. J. Kehoe Technique Film & Television Make-up ix. 107 (caption) Effect of sloe eye after applying latex to outer ends of lashes and eyelid and pressing them together.
1977 N. Marsh Last Ditch ii. 37 His sloe eyes looked out of a pale face.
sloe-eyed adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > eye > [adjective] > types of eyes by colour > having
grey-eyed1534
green-eyed1553
blue-eyed1572
black-eyed1576
yellow-eyed1593
white-eyed1607
red-eyed?1609
ferret-eyed1699
golden-eyed1763
light-eyeda1795
pink-eyed1830
brown-eyed1865
sloe-eyed1869
1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xii. 163 This sloe-eyed, peony-faced girl.
1894 D. C. Murray Making of Novelist 133 Hook-nosed, sloe-eyed and greasy of complexion.
sloe-feeder n.
ΚΠ
1855 Zoologist 13 4846 It is probable that many other sloe-feeders will be found also to occur on the plum.
sloe gin n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > gin > [noun] > sloe-gin
sloe gin1895
1895 Outing 27 194 Sampling some of his famous sloe gin.
sloe-juice n.
ΚΠ
1791 J. O'Keeffe Wild Oats i. i. 6 Promise [sic, for poison] yourself with sloe juice.
1846 C. G. F. Gore Sketches Eng. Char. (1852) 140 His evening paper and sloe-juice negus.
sloe-leaf n.
ΚΠ
1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 48 A small amount of dried sloe-leaves.
sloe-stem n.
ΚΠ
1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 19 The Sloe-Stem bearing Sylvan Plums austere.
sloe-worm n.
ΚΠ
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Sloe-worm,..the name of an insect found on the leaves of sloe, or black-thorn, and sometimes on those of the garden-plum.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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