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单词 blear
释义

blearn.

Etymology: ? < blear adj. or blear v.1
rare.
Blearing, blearness; in plural blearedness of eyes, bleared eyes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > bleariness
bleariness1398
blear-eyednessc1440
blearing1542
blearness1543
blear1603
lippitude1626
blearedness1678
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > [noun] > indistinctness
undistinction1647
shadowinessa1672
indistinctness1704
obscure1787
muzz1843
fogginess1853
blur1860
blurredness1864
veiling1864
fuzziness1866
blear1868
nebulousness1878
incertitude1883
velation1922
blurriness1937
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > [noun]
staining1530
stain1563
besmearing1574
attainture1608
soilurea1616
smutting1621
sullying1629
macula1649
black wash1856
smirching1862
blear1868
smudging1873
1603 Philotus vi. sig. A3 v I think ane man sir, of ȝour ȝeiris, Sould not be blyndit with the bleiris.
1868 H. Bushnell Serm. Living Subj. 125 The blear of our sin.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

blearadj.

Brit. /blɪə/, U.S. /blɪ(ə)r/
Forms: Middle English–1500s blere, 1500s–1600s bleare, 1600s bleer(e, 1600s– blear.
Etymology: Middle English blere, an epithet of the eyes: this and the cognate verb are of uncertain origin. There are no corresponding words in Old English, and the only cognates in other Germanic languages are the modern German blerr soreness of the eyes, Low German blarr-oged, bleer-oged blear-eyed. Swedish plira, Danish plire to blink, leer, can hardly be connected. Though the verb appears in quotations before the adjective, the form of the words and general analogies make it probable that the verb was formed on the adjective.
1. Of the eyes or sight: Dim from water or other superficial affection.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [adjective] > bleary
bleared1362
bleary1393
blear1398
swimming1697
muggy1824
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) viii. xxi. 333 The syghte of a candyll is seen wythout lette of an eye that is hole, but of a blere eye it is nat seen wythout lykenesse and shape of a manere rayne bowe.
1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxxiii Blere eyes whiche is whan the vnder lyd of the eye is subuerted.
1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips xxi. 132 A medicine..to lay to sore and blere eies.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. ii. i. 95 It causeth bleare eies.
1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. I. 117 Her tender blue eyes grew watery and blear.
1843 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London (1864) 47 His eyes were blear and glassy.
figurative.1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 37 If our understanding..be blear with gazing on other false glisterings.
2. transferred. Dim, misty, indistinct in outline.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > [adjective] > indistinct
dimc1000
blinda1398
undistingued1398
obscure?a1450
undistinct1495
shadowed1588
undistinguishable1600
shady1626
blear1637
filmed1637
indistinguishable1642
crepusculous1646
adumbrated1650
oblite1650
faint1660
monogrammous1678
blurred1701
faintish1712
wispya1717
adumbrant1727
muzzy1744
indistinct1764
fuzzy1778
misty1797
shadowy1797
undistinguished1814
woolly1815
vague1822
furzy1825
mystified1833
slurred1843
feeble1860
smudginga1861
filmy1864
smudgy1865
blurry1884
slurry1937
the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > [adjective]
dima1000
darkOE
troublea1327
palec1385
dullc1430
unclearc1440
unbright1534
cloudy1556
unlight1570
muddy1600
wan1601
opacous1616
filmy1642
illuminous1656
crepuscular1668
dumb1720
rayless1754
opaque1794
veilya1802
turbid1811
unlucent1819
ineffulgent1824
blear1830
unrefulgent1856
subluminous1860
subaqueous1875
shineless1882
1637 J. Milton Comus 6 To cheate the eye with bleare illusion.
1807 J. Barlow Columbiad i. 49 The blear ice..sheds a dazzling glare.
1830 T. Aird in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 813 On the blear autumn eves, When small birds shriek adown the wind.

Derivatives

blear-witted adj. having the mental faculties dimmed.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > imperfect perception > [adjective]
thestera900
thestria900
blindc1000
blindfoldc1450
blinkard?1528
purblind1533
blinded1535
blear-eyed1561
obcaecate1568
unilluminated1579
fonda1592
blear-witted1600
short-sighted1622
baby-blind1627
obcaecated1641
misty-brained1649
twilighta1677
blindfolded1730
short-sighted1736
unpliable1769
misty1820
myopical1830
visionless1856
myopic1891
blinkered1897
1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor v. ii. sig. Oiv They were very bleare-witted yfaith that could not discerne the Gentleman in him. View more context for this quotation
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

blearv.1

Brit. /blɪə/, U.S. /blɪ(ə)r/
Forms: Middle English bleri, Middle English–1500s blere, 1500s bler ( blirre), 1500s–1600s bleer(e, bleare, 1500s– blear.
Etymology: The Middle English forms point to an Old English *blerian or *blierian intransitive in sense 1, < blear adj.; but no such form is known: see blear adj. Compare also blur v.
1.
a. intransitive. To have watery or inflamed eyes, to be blear-eyed. (Said also of an albino.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > of the eyes: be afflicted with disorder [verb (intransitive)] > be bleary > have bleary eyes
bleara1300
a1300 Old Age in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 149 I stunt i stomere, I stomble . i blind, i bleri.
1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. x For she..Unwarely can do blere a mannes eye.
1483 Cath. Angl. 34 To Blere, lippire, lippiscere.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Riiv/1 To Bleare, lippire.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus iv. f. 63v Quhat may ȝone fell freik be, [that] With the quhite berd and scarlat ene dois bleir?
b. with complemental object.
ΚΠ
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V clxxxvii, in Poems (1878) IV. 147 The new-raised morne (like Eyes ill-wak't) Blears through the Deaw faint Raies.
2.
a. transitive. To dim (the eyes) with tears, rheum, or inflammation; to dim the vision of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > afflict with eye disorder [verb (transitive)] > make bleary
blearc1340
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > afflict with disordered vision [verb (transitive)] > dim
dima1300
blemish1440
troublea1500
misten1599
perstringe1603
blear1605
tara1612
disgregatea1631
purblind1644
obfuscate1656
blast1757
blur1791
bedim1811
c1340 Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 962 Þe tweyne yȝen were..sellyly blered.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A v. 109 Bitel-brouwed with twei blered [v.r. blerid(e] eiȝen.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxix. 17 Lya was with blerid eyen.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. x. 21 Kyng Robert of Scotlande..with a payre of reed blered eyen.
1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iii, in Wks. 206/2 The brightnesse blered myne eye.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 457/2 His eyes be so bleared with drinkyng that they be as reed as a fyrret.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 55 The loud-roring Thunder..Sends forth those Flashes which so bleare our sight.
1728 T. Sheridan tr. Persius Satyrs iii. 45 I used to find out Ointments to blear my Eyes.
1851 H. W. Longfellow Golden Legend i. 33 He..bleared his eyes with books.
b. To blur (the countenance) as with tears.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > make invisible [verb (transitive)] > make indistinct > the countenance
blearc1540
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9132 The teris..blaknet with bleryng all hir ble qwite.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. i. vii. 78 The Earth smiles not on us, nor the Heaven; but weeps and blears itself, in sour rain.
1861 ‘N. Temple’ & ‘E. Trevor’ Tannhäuser 8 That tremendous Doom..Shatter'd the superstitious dome that blear'd Heaven's face to man.
3.
a. (figurative) to blear the eyes: to deceive, blind, ‘hoodwink,’ ‘throw dust in the eyes.’ Very common in 16th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deceive [phrase]
to blear the eyesc1325
to play mock-holiday with?1558
on a lock1598
to put the change upon (also on) (a person)1658
to play false1680
to draw (pull, spread) the wool over (a person's) eyes1839
to lead (a person) up the garden (path)1923
to pull a fastie1931
to take (someone) for a sleigh ride1931
to pull a swiftie1945
c1325 Coer de L. 3708 So queyntyly to blere myn eye.
c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Tale 148 For al thy waytyng, blered is thin ye.
a1400 Octouian 1387 For to blere the Soudanes ye Queynte lesynges he gan to lye.
1537 T. Cromwell in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. III. 229 You have bleared my eyes once. Your credit shall never more serve you so far to deceive me the second time.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) v. i. 109 While counterfeit supposes bleer'd thine eine. View more context for this quotation
a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 220 To blear Mens Eyes with Fopperies.
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 343 I want nane o' your siller..to make ye think I am blearing your e'e.
1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1868) I. iii. 91 Henry III was seeking to blear the eyes of the world.
b. In the same sense the simple verb was used.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deceive [verb (transitive)]
aschrenchc885
blendc888
swikec950
belirtOE
beswike971
blencha1000
blenka1000
belieOE
becatchc1175
trokec1175
beguile?c1225
biwrench?c1225
guile?c1225
trechec1230
unordainc1300
blink1303
deceivec1320
feintc1330
trechetc1330
misusea1382
blind1382
forgo1382
beglose1393
troil1393
turnc1405
lirt?a1425
abuse?a1439
ludify1447
amuse1480
wilec1480
trump1487
delude?a1505
sile1508
betrumpa1522
blear1530
aveugle1543
mislippen1552
pot1560
disglose1565
oversile1568
blaze1570
blirre1570
bleck1573
overtake1581
fail1590
bafflea1592
blanch1592
geck?a1600
hallucinate1604
hoodwink1610
intrigue1612
guggle1617
nigglea1625
nose-wipe1628
cog1629
cheat1637
flam1637
nurse1639
jilt1660
top1663
chaldese1664
bilk1672
bejuggle1680
nuzzlec1680
snub1694
bite1709
nebus1712
fugle1719
to take in1740
have?1780
quirk1791
rum1812
rattlesnake1818
chicane1835
to suck in1842
mogue1854
blinker1865
to have on1867
mag1869
sleight1876
bumfuzzle1878
swop1890
wool1890
spruce1917
jive1928
shit1934
smokescreen1950
dick1964
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 457/2 I bleare, I begyle by dissymulacyon.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Miv/1 To Blirre, fallere.]
1613 E. Hoby Counter-snarle 14 Blearing his Reader, that these are but worme-eaten sayings.
1642 T. Taylor God's Judgem. i. i. xvii. 54 He was so besotted and bleared with them.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

blearv.2

Forms: Middle English–1600s blere, Middle English bleere, 1500s bleare, 1500s– blear.
Etymology: apparently distinct from the blear v.1: perhaps onomatopoeic, but naming a gesture rather than a sound, though some inarticulate sound may have originally been implied. Compare blare v.
Obsolete.
a. intransitive. To protrude the tongue in mockery. Also to blear with the tongue. transitive. to blear (out) the tongue (at, against, upon).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > deride, ridicule, or mock [verb (intransitive)] > make derisive gesture
bleara1340
blabber1530
to shoot out1535
pot1549
sleak1674
to make a long nose1828
to thumb one's nose1854
a1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2226 And grymly gryn on hym and blere.
c1430 Hymns Virg. (1867) 60 While þou art a child, With þi tunge on folk þou bleere.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 81 The asse..bleryd grennyd and songe.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 457/2 I bleare with the tonge.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 457/2 The knave bleareth his tonge at me.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. lvii. A Vpon whom gape ye with youre mouth, & bleare out youre tonge?
1550 M. Coverdale tr. O. Werdmueller Spyrytuall & Precyouse Pearle xxix. sig. Lv Not ones to blere or to open their mouthes agaynst it.
1605 L. Andrewes Serm. ii. 173 Wagging their heads, writhing their mouths, yea blearing out their tongues.
b. Cf. the following, and blare v.
ΚΠ
1616 T. Scott Christs Politician 7 All that the silly sheep can do, is only to bleare and bleate a little with his tongue.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1603adj.1398v.1a1300v.2a1340
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