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单词 spirituous
释义

spirituousadj.

Brit. /ˈspɪrᵻtʃʊəs/, /ˈspɪrᵻtjʊəs/, U.S. /ˈspɪrᵻtʃ(ə)wəs/
Forms: 1500s– spirituous, 1800s sperituous (nonstandard).
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin spirituosus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin spirituosus prey to spirits (a1536 in Erasmus), containing vital spirit (a1553), containing volatile spirit or refined essence (1571 or earlier) < classical Latin spīritus spirit n. + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare spirituose adj. Compare also earlier spiritual adj.Compare Middle French, French spiritueux containing vital spirit (1515), containing alcohol (1672), Spanish espirituoso (end of the 16th cent.), Portuguese espirituoso (first half of the 16th cent. as spirituoso). The semantic development is influenced by the senses of spirit n.
1.
a. Containing or of the nature of vital spirit or other spirits of the body (see spirit n. 21a). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1585 J. Banister Wecker's Compend. Chyrurg. i. 260 Especially if the vesselles bee brooken, and there growe separation of the other continued parts about them, through their vnmeasurable powring in of spirituous bloude.
1603 A. Munday tr. F. Citois True Hist. Mayden of Confolens f. 3v But Nature hath given to all creatures one instrument of life, which is natuall heate, & that..hath his seate in the triple substance of our bodie, to wit, the solide, humorall and spirituous parts.
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) ii. i. 88/2 This happens, when the Dugs are filled with abundance of spirituous blood.
1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick 91 The affusion of a more Active and Spirituous Blood upon it.
b. Containing spirit, esp. a volatile spirit or refined essence; of the nature of a volatile spirit or refined essence. Now historical.In early use also figurative: cf. quots. 1673, 1710.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical properties > [adjective] > having the qualities of an essence or distilled product
spirituala1500
spiritous1605
spirituous1605
sprighty1609
spirited1616
spiritya1722
1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. vii. 30 Vineger,..in regard of..that most thin, spirituous [L. spirituosissima], sower essence of salt, doe pierce into the most inward parts.
1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode ii. i. 30 Fancy will every touch, and glance improve; And draw the most spirituous parts of Love.
1694 W. Wotton Anc. & Mod. Learning (1697) 239 The Fæculencies are separated from the more spirituous Parts, and by their Weight sink to the Bottom.
1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe I. i. 21 That little valuable spirituous Particle [sc. sincerity], that animated the Whole!
a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 302 Though the grounds are very rich, the juices of the grass are from thence less spirituous.
1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. II. xvii. 283 It is thin and clear like water, though somewhat more spirituous and viscous.
1822 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening ii. i. 194 Vegetable substances are always resinous, or oily, or spirituous, when the oxygen they contain is to the hydrogen in a smaller proportion than in water.
1901 M. Foster Lect. Hist. Physiol. 282 He thus expounds the mechanical contrivance by which the spirituous juice..can, along the same nervous channels, be made to act both from without inwards, and from within outwards.
1971 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 61 38/1 Incense made from plants, wood, minerals, and other spirituous substances.
2. Spirited; animated, lively, vivacious. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > lively, vivacious, or animated
jollyc1325
lightsomea1382
kedgec1440
fledge?1461
crank1499
frisky?a1500
sprightya1522
frisk1528
sprightful1550
quick-spirited1552
cranking1567
lively1567
quick-sprighted1579
aleger1590
bright-eyed1590
firking1594
sprightly1594
spirituous1601
great-stomached1607
spirity1615
spiritous1628
lifesomec1635
vivacious1645
rattlingc1650
quick-set1653
airy1654
animated1660
sparklinga1704
bob1721
vivace1721
animate1801
high-lifed1859
sassy1859
chippy1865
sparky1883
high-keyed1893
high life1903
peppy1914
pepful1915
jazzy1917
upbeat1947
zappy1969
sparkly1979
the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [adjective]
jollyc1325
kedgec1440
fledge?1461
frisky?a1500
sprightya1522
frisk1528
sprightful1550
quick-spirited1552
lively1567
quick-sprighted1579
alive-like1582
aleger1590
firking1594
sprightly1594
sportive1595
mettled1599
alives-like1601
spirited1601
spirituous1601
mettle1606
great-stomached1607
free-spirited1613
spirity1615
spiritous1628
vivacious1645
rattlingc1650
sportful1650
airy1654
animated1660
racy1671
mettlesome1673
sparklinga1704
raffing?1719
bob1721
vivace1721
alive1748
lifey1793
spunky1831
gilpie1835
bubbling1860
chippy1865
bubblesome1879
colourful1882
sparky1883
bubbly1912
jazzy1917
spritzy1973
sparkly1979
kicking1983
1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love iii. ii. sig. F Hed. Well, I am resolu'd, what Ile doe. Ana. What, my good spirituous Sparke? View more context for this quotation
1703 J. Savage tr. Select Coll. Lett. Antients xlv. 109 The Greeks, who are a spirituous and wise People, not to be us'd as the barbarous Nations are by their Tyrants.
1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 74 A very Vivacious and Spirituous Animal.
1751 E. Haywood Hist. Betsy Thoughtless II. i. 10 Her once gay and spirituous behaviour..was now become all dull and gloomy.
1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta I. 593 The Emir in his spirituous humour, and haughty familiar manners.
1950 ‘C. S. Forester’ Mr. Midshipman Hornblower (1975) i. 29 He was actually grinning a spirituous grin at that moment.
3. Spiritual; relating to or concerned with the human spirit, soul, or intellect, as opposed to the body or the material world; characterized by concern for spiritual matters. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > [adjective]
godcundlyeOE
godlyOE
ghostlyOE
spiritualc1384
espiritualc1405
sprituala1450
mystical1542
spiritualized1615
pneumatic1624
mystic1629
spirituousa1631
pneumatical1644
otherworldly1859
metaphysical1876
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1955) II. 183 God gives not his people..valour, and then leaves them to a spirituous quarrelsomnesse.
1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator No. 15 (1748) III. 120 As great an enemy as indolence is to our spirituous part, activity in things unfit is yet much more so.
1838 B. von Arnim Diary of Child 198 The key to the higher life is love, it prepares for freedom; freedom is spirituous life.
4. Relating to or consisting of spirit; of the nature of spirit or a spirit; immaterial, incorporeal. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > immateriality > [adjective] > spiritual or immaterial
ghostlyOE
spiritualc1384
supersubstantial1534
spirit-like?1611
spirituous1634
ethereal1642
supersensual1647
spirituose1677
earthless1679
antemundane1693
suprasensual1780
supersensuous1825
suprasensuous1838
1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxv. xvi. 988 It is much lesse credible that Divells can copulate with women, for they are of an absolute spirituous [L. spiritalis; Fr. spirituelle] nature, but blood and flesh are necessary for the generation of man.
1660 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist 48 When thy now rotting body is destroyed, thou again shalt receive a spirituous body.
1727 D. Defoe Ess. Hist. Apparitions iv. 29 Such Inhabitants as are spirituous, and invisible.
1874 Inter Ocean (Chicago) 6 Sept. 4/5 People who are blessed with the power of looking back into futurity, and seeing snakes, and other spirituous beings.
1897 Boston Globe 21 Dec. 8/2 ‘A ghost—a sperituous ghost!’ declared Miss Martha in a sepulchral voice.
5. Containing or impregnated with alcohol prepared by distillation; (of drink) containing distilled alcohol (cf. spirit n. 23c), alcoholic.Often (now chiefly) in spirituous liquor (cf. spiritous liquor at spiritous adj. 1b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [adjective] > with alcohol added
spiritful1608
sprightful1615
spirituous1646
spirited1648
with a stick in it1808
well-laced1826
brandied1833
brandified1841
whiskied1850
spiked1909
needled1929
alcoholic1989
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to distillation
stilleda1400
distillatory1576
distilling1593
spirituous1646
circulated1651
cohobating1654
stillatitious1657
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > [noun]
water of life?c1450
burning watera1475
watera1475
aqua vitae1542
spirit1559
strong water1615
hot waters1616
spirituous liquor1659
spirit1663
fire1707
tape1725
strunt1786
hard stuff1789
firewater1799
fool's water1815
fool water1837
spirituous liquor1842
timber-doodle1842
lightning1858
1646 N. Lockyer Eng. faithfully watcht With 291 Will not a little Saffron mixed with some spirituous liquid, make him laugh?
1659 R. Lovell Παμβοτανολογια sig. **12v Elixyrs, are spirituous liquors of excellent faculties.
1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ii. 51/1 Cover, and lute it, and distil S.A. so will you have a spirituous Water.
1739 E. Carter tr. F. Algarotti Sir I. Newton's Philos. Explain'd II. 214 They were obliged to cut the most spirituous Wine with a Hatchet.
1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 242 As the laws stand, a licence from the officers of excise alone, for retailing spirituous liquors, is not sufficient.
1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 246 Spirituous, warm, subtile medicines are to be used.
1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. III. vii. §2. 503 The spirituous varnishes dry the most rapidly.
1936 D. L. Sayers Gaudy Night (1968) vii. 115 The young man, whose spirits appeared to be sustained, though not unduly exalted, by spirituous liquors.
1992 C. Hardyment Home Comfort (1997) iii. 55 The pewter limbeck was for distilling essential oils and spirituous cordials, the copper pot for boiling up the raw materials of cordials.
2015 Sunday Times (Nexis) 1 Nov. (Mag.) 49 It's perfect whenever a spirituous drink is called for.
6.
a. Of or relating to alcoholic liquids or spirit; characteristic of or resembling that of alcoholic liquids or spirit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [adjective]
sprighty1609
spirituous1653
Panomphaean1694
wet1779
alcoholic1799
Panomphic1822
spiritual1826
panomphaic1878
1653 R. Brinsley Saints Communion in Two Treat. 66 Wine being of a spirituous nature, it exhilarateth the spirits.
1699 J. Evelyn Acetaria 173 Spirituous and active Force to animate and revive every Faculty and Part.
1729 G. Smith Nature Fermentation Explain'd 14 These very principles..are that which imparts the vinous and spirituous taste thereto.
1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 789 When this sap was left exposed to the air..it became milky [and]..acquired a spirituous smell and taste.
1867 F. H. Ludlow Little Briggs & I 218 The spirituous soupçon which tingles through the siropy flavors of an arrack punch.
1978 R. Rendell Sleeping Life viii. 72 Neil said he had had his dinner but, from the evidence, Wexford thought it had taken a liquid and spirituous form.
2016 Atlanta Jrnl.-Constit. (Nexis) 6 Mar. 1 e Inside the tasting room..the atmosphere was warm and cozy, even a bit giddy, as the spirituous aromas of alcohol and charred oak filled the air.
b. Involving or producing alcohol; accomplished using alcohol. Now historical and rare.
ΚΠ
1710 J. Groeneveld Compl. Treat. Stone & Gravel ii. 39 Matter of the Stone is produc'd, the Stomach weaken'd, and its Spirituous Fermentation extinguish'd.
1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 128 Certain substances fall into the acetous without having gone through the spirituous fermentation.
1817 H. Koster Trav. Brazil (ed. 2) II. 377 If this [sc. the fruit] is pounded spirituous fermentation takes place with great ease, and from this passes to acetosity.
1889 Pharmaceut. Rec. 4 Nov. 333/2 Being pickled just when about to breed, the spirituous action causes the intestines [of silkworms] to swell abnormally.
1913 A. J. Nunnamaker & C. O. Dhonau Anat. & Embalming xii. 180 Spirituous fermentation is that process of fermentation by which forms of yeast cells, by their growth and reproduction in..grapes, fruit, apple juice, grains, etc., extract alcohol from these substances and by this process produce wine, cider, spirits, etc.
2003 B. J. Wittels & R. Hermesch Absinthe i. 1 Dr. Ordinaire solved his dilemma with the relatively new science of spirituous distillation.

Derivatives

ˈspirituously adv. in a spirituous manner; esp. (frequently with humorous intent) in a manner involving or relating to strong alcohol (cf. sense 6).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [adverb]
quicklyOE
heartilya1450
sprightlya1584
sprightfully1597
spiritfully?1609
lifelike1637
sprightlily1739
spiritedly1750
livelily1751
spirituously1751
good-temperedly1776
spiritly1796
vivaciously1815
animately1822
rattlingly1824
friskily1862
spirity1865
sparklingly1879
1751 E. Haywood Hist. Betsy Thoughtless IV. vi. 52 ‘Bless me, madam!’ cried mrs. Munden, spirituously, ‘would your ladyship have me give up..that slender pittance?’
1897 Star (Guernsey) 11 May That class of Saturday to Monday ‘tripper’, who cannot survive the drive around the island unless he can be spirituously fortified at half a dozen houses of call en route.
1989 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 9 Aug. The overwhelmingly gorgeous smell of rich fruit cake spirituously embalmed in good fruity liquor.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.1585
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