单词 | surpass |
释义 | surpassv. 1. transitive. To pass over, go beyond, overstep (a limit): often in figurative context; also, to go beyond (a certain period of time). Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (transitive)] > move beyond passc1300 exceedc1374 passc1400 overshootc1450 outpassa1513 surpass1588 outstart1593 outrepass1645 overrun1703 ungang1768 outrange1871 1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso Housholders Philos. f. 2 The Ryuer..was swoln so high, as it farre surpast the wonted limmits. 1652 C. B. Stapylton tr. Herodian Imperiall Hist. i. 3 Infamous was the Life of Ptolomy, Surpassing bounds of Civill Modesty. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 894 Nor let the Sea Surpass his bounds. View more context for this quotation 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 82 He cooks by the Hour-Glass..; and will no more surpass one Puncto of Time, than a scrupulous Virtuoso in the Concoction of his Stomach. 1788 V. Knox Winter Evenings II. v. viii. 173 In poetical excellence..he cannot be said to have often surpassed the line of mediocrity. 1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 237 If they are left to surpass the ordinary period, the succeeding growth suffers. 1839 W. M. Thackeray Legend St. Sophia of Kioff xix Nor cared they to surpass the river's bank. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > ascend (something) [verb (transitive)] > rise above overstyeOE overgoc1350 surmountc1374 overspringc1395 overrisea1400 overmounta1425 surpassa1649 top1774 a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 226 The one flying swift, but low; the other, like the Eagle, surpassing the Clouds. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 241 Salmon..gain the sources of the Lapland rivers..and surpass the perpendicular falls of Leixslip [etc.]. b. To extend above or beyond. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > extend beyond overreacha1400 surpass1601 outspan1856 overextend1937 overpass1938 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxvii. i. 269 High mountains also and the cliffes surpassing the verie clouds. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 80 This frontispiece hath a Minaret on each side which surpass it above three fathom in height. 1852 W. Macgillivray Hist. Brit. Birds V. 474 Tarsus two inches long; wings surpassing the tail by two inches. 1880 Nature 1 Jan. 212 Where mountain masses..surpassed the level of perpetual snow. 3. a. To go beyond (another) in degree, amount, or quality; to be or do more or better than; to be greater than, to exceed; to be superior to, to excel. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] overstyeOE overshinec1175 overgoc1225 passc1225 surmountc1369 forpassc1374 overmatcha1375 overpassa1382 to pass overa1393 overcomec1400 outpass?a1425 exceedc1425 precedec1425 superexcelc1429 transcendc1430 precel?a1439 outcut1447 overgrowc1475 to come over ——a1479 excel1493 overleapa1500 vanquish1533 outweigh1534 prevent1540 better1548 preferc1550 outgo1553 surpassa1555 exsuperate1559 cote1566 overtop1567 outrun1575 outstrip1579 outsail1580 overruna1586 pre-excel1587 outbid1589 outbrave1589 out-cote1589 top1590 outmatch1593 outvie1594 superate1595 surbravec1600 oversile1608 over-height1611 overstride1614 outdoa1616 outlustrea1616 outpeera1616 outstrikea1616 outrival1622 antecede1624 out-top1624 antecell1625 out-pitch1627 over-merit1629 outblazea1634 surmatch1636 overdoa1640 overact1643 outact1644 worst1646 overspana1657 outsoar1674 outdazzle1691 to cut down1713 ding1724 to cut out1738 cap1821 by-pass1848 overtower1850 pretergress1851 outray1876 outreach1879 cut1884 outperform1937 outrate1955 one-up1963 the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > be great in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] > be greater than in quantity, amount, or degree surmountc1374 passa1387 exceedc1400 to come over ——a1479 surpassa1555 outstrip1579 top1582 outnumber1598 over-reckona1635 turn1716 overgang1737 overspring1801 rise1838 overvault1851 override1867 better1873 the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > do (something) to excess [verb (transitive)] > exceed or extend beyond passa1387 surmount1502 surpassa1555 transcend1559 outreacha1568 surreach1606 paragona1616 outsweepa1729 overjump1877 a1555 J. Bradford in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xlv. 127 The natural Love that I beare to my natyve Countrye, surpassing all Daungers that maye Chaunce to my Bodye and Goods. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. xiii. sig. I1 Philoclea..muche resembling (though I must say much surpassing) the Ladie Zelmane. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. x. sig. K5 This great Citty that does far surpas. 1625 J. Mede Let. 30 July in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 209 You may see..how much this Plague, for the time and number, surpasses that of 1603. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 778 They..who seemd In bigness to surpass Earths Giant Sons. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 370 This would surpass Common revenge. View more context for this quotation a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 392 A villa..surpassing..the most delicious places that my eyes ever beheld. 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xxvi. 543 The gifts of nature always surpass the gifts of fortune. a1821 J. Keats Hyperion (new ed.) 16 in Misc. Philobiblon Soc. (1856–7) III The Goddess,..Surpassing wan Moneta by the head. 1827 M. Faraday Chem. Manip. v. 164 The silica will be in a state of division far surpassing any which can be obtained merely by mechanical means. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xviii. 133 The heat surpassed anything of the kind I had ever felt. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §2. 118 In the rapidity and breadth of his political combinations he far surpassed the statesmen of his time. b. To exceed (a specified measure, as weight, speed, etc.). rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > be great in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] > be greater than in quantity, amount, or degree > a specific amount, measure, etc. surpass1591 1591 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 83 That anie one townes man..shall..buie anie rendred tallowe not surpassing one cwt of roughe tallowe. 1898 Daily News 21 Sept. 3/1 The Boa was not put to her highest speed, but..she surpassed 24 knots an hour. c. To go beyond (something done or existing) in action or achievement; to do something that is more or better than. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > surpass what has been done or exists mendc1330 surpass1593 cap1821 trump1860 to beat out1985 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > make a success of [verb (transitive)] > achieve more than is expected surpass1842 overachieve1961 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciij When a Painter would surpasse the life, In limming out a well proportioned steed. View more context for this quotation 1728 E. Young Love of Fame: Universal Passion (ed. 2) iii. 120 The plenteous harvest calls me forward still, Till I surpass in length my lawyer's bill. 1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 281 Johnson surpassed all his preceding labours in his last work. 1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 249 These seeds not only germinated well, but in rapidity surpassed my expectations. 4. To be beyond the range, reach, or capacity of; to be more than can be attained, achieved, or apprehended by; to be too much or too great for; to transcend. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > go beyond (bounds) transcenda1340 exceedc1374 overwenda1375 overpassa1382 passc1390 to pass beyond ——1429 outreacha1568 overlash1581 pretergress1583 outrun1589 overslipa1592 surpass1592 to step over ——1599 outstep?1611 outstrip1612 overrun1612 outpass1635 pose1636 over-burst1856 overact1858 overstride1925 1592 Sol. & Pers. iii. i. 101 The least of these surpasse my best desart. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iii. i. 2 The Temple much surpassing The common prayse it beares. View more context for this quotation 1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. I7 Not multiplying beings to surpasse Their use. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1313 Thy strength they know surpassing human race. 1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 759 Oh scenes surpassing fable, and yet true. 1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 710 His Paradise surpass'd The struggling efforts of my boyish tongue To speak its excellence. 1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) iv. ii. 486 This surpasses the utmost exertions of human ingenuity. 1861 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1873) II. viii. 504 The poverty and wretchedness of the people surpass all description. 1897 W. E. Gladstone E. Crisis 2 The Armenian massacres have surpassed in their wickedness all modern experience. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.a1555 |
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