† boughtn.¹

Forms: α. Middle English bouȝt, bowght, 1500s bouget, boughte, bught(e, Middle English–1600s bought; β. 1500s bowt(e, 1500s–1600s bout.

Etymology: A comparatively late word (certain only from 15th cent.); parallel in its senses to bight n., Middle English bygt , Old English byht ; and corresponding in form and sense to Middle Low German bucht (whence modern German bucht , Dutch bocht , Danish and Swedish bugt ). The English word may also have been from Low German; but more probably it arose out of an assimilation of byght to bow v.¹, or was itself formed < bow v.¹ on the pattern of byght , etc. (compare Bucht in Grimm). When the guttural became weak or mute, bought began apparently to be associated with the adverb 'bout , about (see quot. a1500 at sense 2bα. ), and in 16–17th cent. was commonly spelt bout , whence, with special development of sense, the current bout n.²

Obsolete.

†1.

a. A bend or curve; esp. a hollow angle or bend in the animal body. Cf. bight n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > part of body > [noun] > hollow angle or bend

bought1519

the world > space > shape > curvature > [noun] > a curve

bightOE

crookingc1380

curvature?a1425

bought1519

compass1545

ply1575

reflexure1578

curve1596

circumflex1601

curb1601

flexion1607

flexure1608

round1608

sinus1615

return1626

inflection1658

curvity1705

sweep1715

tarve1848

α.

1519 W. Horman Vulgaria iii. f. 25^v There is a scabbe in the bought of myne arme [L. in ancone].

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 200/2 Bought of the arme, le ply du bras.

1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. i. vii To make a plumbe lyne..on the vtter or inner bughte [of a circle].

1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. Hij^v Tyl it appeare in the bought of the arme.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. lxv. 327 Ouerthwart the very bought or inward bent of the knee.

1694 R. Franck Northern Mem. 135 On the bought of her near Buttock..was branded a remarkable Patch.

β. 1609 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie iii. sig. C6 If there be any crook or bout in the girdle.1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xvi. xxxiii. 621 If the Elbow be dislocated..Some put some round thing into the bought of the Elbow.

†b. A bending in a coastline, mountain-chain, etc. Cf. bight n. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bend in coast > [noun]

bought1480

bight1481

recess1651

plait1828

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > bend

bought1480

orocline1955

α.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxiii. 222 They..met the baillol and his companye at an hongyng bought of the more.

β. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1331/2 To enter in at the great chanell of Middleborough by the bout of the foreland.1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 643 In the very bout well neere of the shore.1675 Pennsylvania Arch. I. 34 Over ag^t the Boute aboue Verdrick-teige-hooke.

†2.

a. The bend or loop of a rope, string, or chain; the part between the ends or points of attachment (cf. bight n. 3); the fold of a cloth, etc.; a turn or involution; also figurative, and in combinations as bought-wise.

ΘΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > annular quality > ring > loop > of rope, chain, or cloth

hank1388

linkc1450

boughta1475

eye1584

bight1622

loop1718

ropemaker's eye1854

α.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 129 Draw streight þy clothe, & ley þe bouȝt on þe vttur egge of þe table.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Riv^v/2 A Bought, plica.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Sam. xxv. 29 (margin) In the midst of the bought of a sling.

1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) vii. xliv. 712 Net..fastened bought-wise vnto the end of a long pole.

1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands I. xv. 262 Forty-five or fifty fathoms of tows constitute a bught.

β. 1562 Inv. Q. Mary's Dresses in Sat. Rev. (1863) 12 Dec. 764/2 [Fardingales..expanded by whalebones] bowtis of quhaill horne.1585 J. Banister Wecker's Compend. Chyrurg. ii. 278 Let it be tyed first with ij. inuolutions or bowtes.1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 In notes, with many a winding bout Of lincked sweetnes long drawn out.a1648 Ld. Herbert Life (1976) 79 One Curle rising by degrees aboue another and euery Bout tyed Vp with a small Reband.

b. A coil, fold, or ‘knot’ formed by the body of a serpent, the tail of a horse, etc. Now poetic (revived by Tennyson).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > [noun] > coil, fold, or knot formed by

boughta1500

α.

c1300 K. Alis. 4712 Of theose bought was heore croune.]

a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 558 A-bowght the schyld he lappyd yt ther, Torrent the bowght a-sondyr schere.

1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I^v He..wrapt his scalie boughts with fell despight.

1633 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxxv. 140 An Adder of Brass, infolded into I know not how many boughts.

β. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. xi. sig. K8 His huge long tayle..Whose wreathed boughtes when euer he vnfoldes.1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 16 The dragon-boughts and elvish emblemings Began to move, seethe, twine and curl.1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. IV. xv. 148 Like as some serpent, which..in the sun, displays her glittering boughts.

†3. (cf. 1521 at bought v.¹) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > reflection > [noun] > reflected light

bought1480

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxviii The beme of that sterre was bryghter than the sonne and at the bouȝt of the beme appered a dragons hede.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxix The hede of the dragon that is seyn at the bought of the beem.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

boughtbughtn.²

Brit.

/baʊxt/,

/buːxt/,

/bʌxt/,

/baʊkt/,

/buːkt/,

/bʌkt/, U.S.

/baʊkt/,

/bukt/,

/bəkt/,

/baʊxt/,

/buxt/,

/bəxt/, Scottish English

/bʌʊxt/,

/buːxt/,

/bʌxt/

Forms: Also bowght, boucht, bucht.

Etymology: Etymology obscure: it answers in form to the bought n.¹; but the connection of sense is uncertain. The Gaelic buchd appears to be from Lowl. Scots.

Scottish.

1. A sheep-fold; spec. a pen for confining ewes at milking-time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > [noun] > folding sheep > fold or pen

sheepfolda1430

caul1483

boughta1522

sheep-garth1570

wool-hurdle1586

barkary?1592

sheep-pen1649

ovil1674

night-lair1688

turnip-tray1805

sheep-ree1817

stow1856

dead-fold1897

sheep-camp1911

check-pen1922

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) ix. ii. 64 As we se..The wild wolf..Abowt the bowght [v.r. boucht] plet all of wandis tyght.

1813 J. Hogg Kilmeny xxiv Broke from their boughts and faulds.

Categories »

2. ‘A square seat in a church, a table-seat’ (Jamieson).

Compounds

bought-door n.

ΚΠ

1807 J. Hogg Mountain Bard 27 (Jam.) The bught door is always carefully shut at even.

Categories »

bought-seat n.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

boughtadj.

Brit.

/bɔːt/, U.S.

/bɔt/,

/bɑt/

Forms: see buy v. (Forms 3α. ).

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English bought , buy v.

Etymology: < bought, past participle of buy v. Compare later boughten adj. Compare also unbought adj.It is unclear whether the Old English form geboht (and early Middle English iboht ) are derived from the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. bycgan buy v. or gebycgan i-bye v.; compare discussion at buy v.

1. Obtained in exchange for payment (in money or an equivalent); purchased. In early use also: spec. (of a person) purchased as a slave.figurative in quot. c1440; cf. buy v. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > bought or purchased

keftc1300

purchased1576

boughten1793

bought1796

paid-for1817

mail-ordered1982

OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xvii. 12 Ælc werhades man on eowrum mægþum & inbyrdlincg & geboht þeowa beo ymsniden.

c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) 455 He..beateð þe & busteð þe as his ibohte þrel.

c1440 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 315 (MED) We are goddes boghte thralles, with þe pryce of his dere-worthy blode.

1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. U.vij The rulers..shall leade a boughte cowe into a valley and place,..and shall cutte in two the senowes of the beaste in the houghes.

1609 Bible (Douay) I. Gen. xvii. 12 Aswel the homebred shal be circumcised, as the bought seruant.

1745 W. Ellis Agric. Improv'd II. July xii. 124 Sack-carriers or Corn-porters convey the bought Wheat..to such Loft or Granary.

1859 Chester Chron. 23 July 6/2 In ordinary seasons, the bought food may be set down at about £10 for each cow.

1988 M. Leigh High Hopes in Naked & Other Screenplays (1995) 251 Valerie has placed in front of Mrs Bender a bought chocolate-and-cream cake, in the centre of which she has plonked a six-inch plain, white, lit candle.

2018 B. Macy Dopesick v. 112 Jesse and his friends were trading the bought and stolen pills around widely at so-called pharm parties.

2. Obtained or won over by unethical means; bribed, solicited.In quot. OE Old English geboht scire (cf. shire n. 1) apparently is to be interpreted as translating the genitive of classical Latin ambitus corrupt practices in electioneering, undue influence, bribery.

ΘΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [adjective] > of nature of bribe > bribed

subornate1431

bribed?1556

waged1561

feed1579

suggested1647

suborned1676

greased1693

bought1700

nobbled1876

fixeda1889

OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 55 Ambitus iudicium, gebohtre scire witnung.

1559 in Cal. of Lett. & State Papers Relating to Eng. Affairs (1892) (modernized text) 92 She had been pardoned through the bought favour of her sister's chamber-women.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 766 Not in the bought smile Of Harlots, loveless, joyless, unindeard.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 64 Bought senates, and deserting Troops are mine.

1844 Belfast News-let. 1 Nov. A bought smile, like an artificial flower, has no sweetness in it.

1925 F. R. Buckley Sage Hen xviii. 235 The law, even when administered by a controlled district attorney,..a bought judge and a petty jury with no ideas of its own, is regrettably uncertain.

1994 Amer. Spectator Feb. 22/1 The bought journalists of the social-climbing variety, whose party-line prose has made American journalism dubious to millions of Americans.

2003 Spectator 8 Nov. 81 Denied a lawyer and refused permission to cross-examine his alleged accuser Lord Cobham before a bought jury, the sheer horror of show trials sustained the drama.

Phrases

Proverb. bought wit is best (but may cost too much) and variants: knowledge gained by experience is the most valuable.

1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 51 Fooles are they which say: bought wit is best, espetially, if it be rated at my prise.

1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. I3^v Tis an olde Prouerbe,..Bought wit is the best.

1660 T. Forde Love's Labyrinth v. vi. 68 in Virtus Rediviva (1661) I like your love much better than your Hackney lines: but bought wit's best.

?1785 Wisdom in Miniature 193 Bought wit is best, but may cost too much.

1844 World of Fashion 1 Mar. 62/1 ‘Bought wit is best.’ No experience like a man's own!

1992 G. Lerner Black Women in White Amer. 84 Bought wit is the dearest wit. I have never been very shrewd in money matters; and being classed as a lady..and never exposed to any hardship, I did not know how to manage.

2020 @onehumanfamily2 16 Nov. in twitter.com (accessed 14 June 2022) He's been saying it's [i.e. covid] a hoax…now he's getting a 1st hand acct of the lies he has been fed. Go figure. Bought wit is better than told, unfortunately.

Compounds

† bought book n. Accounting Obsolete a book for keeping an account of goods purchased, esp. those purchased with credit.

ΘΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > account book > other types of account book

journal1540

bankers' book1585

shop book?1594

waste-book1613

cash-book1622

counter-book1622

pay-book1622

copybook1660

audit-booka1680

bankbook1682

transfer-book1694

malt-book1710

pay list1757

petty cash book1827

passbook1833

stock book1835

guard book1839

tommy book1841

bought-book1849

in-clearing book1872

out-clearing book1882

out-book1884

trial-book1890

1714 C. Snell Short & Easy Method 33 in Ayres's Arithmetick (ed. 12) Q. How must I enter the Goods that I Buy? A. You must Enter them in a Bought-Book.

1856 Morning Chron. 22 Aug. 5/3 On the 28th of September there is an entry in the bought book in Neary's handwriting, in which I am debited with a hundred 14-feet deals.

1929 J. Stephenson Econ. Wholesale & Retail Trade vi. 90 After the invoices have been checked they should be entered in the Bought Book.

bought deal n. Stock Market an arrangement whereby a securities dealer buys a complete issue of shares and resells them at a price agreed with the issuer.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > specific operations or arrangements > share-buying activities

subscribing1762

flyer1846

bearing1849

stagging1851

take-up1865

bear covering1881

straddle1883

portfolio investment1929

short covering1930

support buying1932

foreign portfolio investment1951

corporate raiding1957

leveraged1957

tender offer1964

buy-in1968

management buyout1977

bought deal1981

greenmail1983

MBO1986

bimbo1991

1980 Financial Times 10 July 27/1 This bond is a ‘bought deal’, which means that the lead manager cannot change the terms during the offering period.

1989 Managem. & Leveraged Buy-out Mag. Summer 40/2 We can call on the vast resources of Lloyds Bank for the provision of the debt element in buy-outs which with our own underwriting capability enables us to finance major bought deals.

2002 Vanity Fair Oct. 209/1 In January, Messier instead dumped 55 million Vivendi shares on Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank in a ‘bought deal’, meaning they would be stuck with the stock if they couldn't sell it.

bought house n. Scottish a house that is owned by the occupant, as opposed to one that is let, esp. by a council or housing association.

ΘΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house of private individual

private house1533

private residence1723

1978 E. Little When Sixpence was Fortune 26 ‘Oor Margaret,’ she stated ‘has got on great, her man's doin' weel, an' they've got a bo't hoose.’ This was translated by Maggie's relations in England as ‘Margaret's daughter lives in a boat house’.

1998 A. Warner Sopranos 176 All she wants is a bought house up the Complex, no far from her Dad.

2018 @AlbaPartyTime 20 July in twitter.com (accessed 9 June 2022) They had a bought house, car & foreign holidays, we had [a] council house, no car & Millport.

bought in adj. chiefly British purchased or obtained from an outside source, i.e. not raised or produced on one's own premises; of or relating to (cf. to buy in).

ΘΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > bought or purchased > from an outside source

bought-in1894

bought-out1947

outsourced1984

1810 G. Robertson Gen. View Kincardineshire xvii. 461 1160 Bought in cattle.

1903 Daily Tel. 23 Dec. 8/7 Doubtless the cream of the bought-in horses will eventually figure in Mr. Sanger's new show.

2022 @61harpy 20 May in twitter.com (accessed 25 May 2022) The antipasti were ok, the porcetta was overcooked, and the ‘Vin Santo Tiramusu’ was clearly a bought in frozen chocolate gateau.

bought out adj. chiefly British purchased or coming from an outside source, i.e. not raised or produced on one's own premises (cf. to buy out).

ΘΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > bought or purchased > from an outside source

bought-in1894

bought-out1947

outsourced1984

1889 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 5 Oct. (2nd ed.) 6/4 It was the best bought out cattle fair for many years in Ballinasloe.

1947 N. Balchin Aircraft Builders 26 Joint committees on..materials, sub-contracting, and bought-out parts and spares.

2010 Financial Times 19 Apr. 8/1 (advt.) The scope of work for tender shall include..procurement of materials and bought out components.

† bought plea n. Obsolete rare a groundless accusation.

1637 S. Rutherford Let. 1 Jan. in Joshua Redivivus (1664) 105 This was but a bought plea, & I was a fool.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2022).

† boughtv.¹

Forms: Also 1500s bowght, bowt, 1700s Scottish bught.

Etymology: < bought n.¹

Obsolete.

transitive and intransitive. To bend, wind, fold; to link.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)]

beyc888

bowOE

fold13..

crumpc1325

windc1374

courbe1377

curb1377

plyc1395

bend1398

ploy?1473

bowl1513

bought1521

tirve1567

crookle1577

crook1579

compass1588

round1613

incurvate1647

circumflex1661

arcuate1678

to round off1678

sweep1725

curve1748

curvaturea1811

the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (transitive)]

beyc888

bowa1300

incrooka1340

inbowa1382

crook1382

plya1393

inflectc1425

courbe1430

wryc1450

cralla1475

crumbc1490

bought1521

compass1542

incurvate1578

ploy1578

incurve1610

curve1615

circumflex1649

wheel1656

curb1662

crumpa1821

curvaturec1933

the world > space > relative position > posture > position of specific body parts > position specific body part [verb (intransitive)] > arms > link one's arm into another's

bought1838

1521 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 324 Nor a syngle beme of the sonne is nothynge so myghty as whan it is doubled and bowghted in itselfe by reboundynge and reflexyon.

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. 100 Nature hath made..hollow Guttres, and Criekes into the maigne lande, bowtyng and compassyng in and out.

1838 Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. (ed. 2) 121 When the canvassin cam' round, the member walk'd about, And bughted i' the Provost's arm.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

boughtbughtv.²

Brit.

/baʊxt/,

/buːxt/,

/bʌxt/,

/baʊkt/,

/buːkt/,

/bʌkt/, U.S.

/baʊkt/,

/bukt/,

/bəkt/,

/baʊxt/,

/buxt/,

/bəxt/, Scottish English

/bʌʊxt/,

/buːxt/,

/bʌxt/

Etymology: < bought n.²

Scottish.

1. transitive. To pen or fold (sheep).

ΚΠ

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 72 At boughting-time to leave the plain In milking to abide thee.

1792 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 664 The eastern star Tells bughtin-time is near, my jo.

Categories »

2. gen. To enclose, fence in (see boughting n. at Derivatives).

Derivatives

ˈboughted adj.

ΚΠ

1807–10 R. Tannahill Bonnie Wood The mavis, down thy bughted glade, Gars echo ring frae every tree.

ˈboughting n.

ΚΠ

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. i. 124 Boughting-blanket, a small blanket, spread across a feather-bed, the ends being pushed in under the bed at both sides.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.¹a1475

n.²a1522

adj.OE

v.¹1521

v.²1724

单词	bought
释义	† boughtn.¹ Forms: α. Middle English bouȝt, bowght, 1500s bouget, boughte, bught(e, Middle English–1600s bought; β. 1500s bowt(e, 1500s–1600s bout. Etymology: A comparatively late word (certain only from 15th cent.); parallel in its senses to bight n., Middle English bygt , Old English byht ; and corresponding in form and sense to Middle Low German bucht (whence modern German bucht , Dutch bocht , Danish and Swedish bugt ). The English word may also have been from Low German; but more probably it arose out of an assimilation of byght to bow v.¹, or was itself formed < bow v.¹ on the pattern of byght , etc. (compare Bucht in Grimm). When the guttural became weak or mute, bought began apparently to be associated with the adverb 'bout , about (see quot. a1500 at sense 2bα. ), and in 16–17th cent. was commonly spelt bout , whence, with special development of sense, the current bout n.² Obsolete. †1. a. A bend or curve; esp. a hollow angle or bend in the animal body. Cf. bight n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > part of body > [noun] > hollow angle or bend bought1519 the world > space > shape > curvature > [noun] > a curve bightOE crookingc1380 curvature?a1425 bought1519 compass1545 ply1575 reflexure1578 curve1596 circumflex1601 curb1601 flexion1607 flexure1608 round1608 sinus1615 return1626 inflection1658 curvity1705 sweep1715 tarve1848 α. 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria iii. f. 25^v There is a scabbe in the bought of myne arme [L. in ancone]. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 200/2 Bought of the arme, le ply du bras. 1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. i. vii To make a plumbe lyne..on the vtter or inner bughte [of a circle]. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. Hij^v Tyl it appeare in the bought of the arme. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. lxv. 327 Ouerthwart the very bought or inward bent of the knee. 1694 R. Franck Northern Mem. 135 On the bought of her near Buttock..was branded a remarkable Patch. β. 1609 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie iii. sig. C6 If there be any crook or bout in the girdle.1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xvi. xxxiii. 621 If the Elbow be dislocated..Some put some round thing into the bought of the Elbow. †b. A bending in a coastline, mountain-chain, etc. Cf. bight n. 1. Obsolete. ΘΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bend in coast > [noun] bought1480 bight1481 recess1651 plait1828 the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > bend bought1480 orocline1955 α. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxiii. 222 They..met the baillol and his companye at an hongyng bought of the more. β. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1331/2 To enter in at the great chanell of Middleborough by the bout of the foreland.1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 643 In the very bout well neere of the shore.1675 Pennsylvania Arch. I. 34 Over ag^t the Boute aboue Verdrick-teige-hooke. †2. a. The bend or loop of a rope, string, or chain; the part between the ends or points of attachment (cf. bight n. 3); the fold of a cloth, etc.; a turn or involution; also figurative, and in combinations as bought-wise. ΘΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > annular quality > ring > loop > of rope, chain, or cloth hank1388 linkc1450 boughta1475 eye1584 bight1622 loop1718 ropemaker's eye1854 α. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 129 Draw streight þy clothe, & ley þe bouȝt on þe vttur egge of þe table. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Riv^v/2 A Bought, plica. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Sam. xxv. 29 (margin) In the midst of the bought of a sling. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) vii. xliv. 712 Net..fastened bought-wise vnto the end of a long pole. 1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands I. xv. 262 Forty-five or fifty fathoms of tows constitute a bught. β. 1562 Inv. Q. Mary's Dresses in Sat. Rev. (1863) 12 Dec. 764/2 [Fardingales..expanded by whalebones] bowtis of quhaill horne.1585 J. Banister Wecker's Compend. Chyrurg. ii. 278 Let it be tyed first with ij. inuolutions or bowtes.1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 In notes, with many a winding bout Of lincked sweetnes long drawn out.a1648 Ld. Herbert Life (1976) 79 One Curle rising by degrees aboue another and euery Bout tyed Vp with a small Reband. b. A coil, fold, or ‘knot’ formed by the body of a serpent, the tail of a horse, etc. Now poetic (revived by Tennyson). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > [noun] > coil, fold, or knot formed by boughta1500 α. c1300 K. Alis. 4712 Of theose bought was heore croune.] a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 558 A-bowght the schyld he lappyd yt ther, Torrent the bowght a-sondyr schere. 1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I^v He..wrapt his scalie boughts with fell despight. 1633 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxxv. 140 An Adder of Brass, infolded into I know not how many boughts. β. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. xi. sig. K8 His huge long tayle..Whose wreathed boughtes when euer he vnfoldes.1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 16 The dragon-boughts and elvish emblemings Began to move, seethe, twine and curl.1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. IV. xv. 148 Like as some serpent, which..in the sun, displays her glittering boughts. †3. (cf. 1521 at bought v.¹) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > reflection > [noun] > reflected light bought1480 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxviii The beme of that sterre was bryghter than the sonne and at the bouȝt of the beme appered a dragons hede. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxix The hede of the dragon that is seyn at the bought of the beem. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). boughtbughtn.² Brit. /baʊxt/, /buːxt/, /bʌxt/, /baʊkt/, /buːkt/, /bʌkt/, U.S. /baʊkt/, /bukt/, /bəkt/, /baʊxt/, /buxt/, /bəxt/, Scottish English /bʌʊxt/, /buːxt/, /bʌxt/ Forms: Also bowght, boucht, bucht. Etymology: Etymology obscure: it answers in form to the bought n.¹; but the connection of sense is uncertain. The Gaelic buchd appears to be from Lowl. Scots. Scottish. 1. A sheep-fold; spec. a pen for confining ewes at milking-time. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > [noun] > folding sheep > fold or pen sheepfolda1430 caul1483 boughta1522 sheep-garth1570 wool-hurdle1586 barkary?1592 sheep-pen1649 ovil1674 night-lair1688 turnip-tray1805 sheep-ree1817 stow1856 dead-fold1897 sheep-camp1911 check-pen1922 a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) ix. ii. 64 As we se..The wild wolf..Abowt the bowght [v.r. boucht] plet all of wandis tyght. 1813 J. Hogg Kilmeny xxiv Broke from their boughts and faulds. Categories » 2. ‘A square seat in a church, a table-seat’ (Jamieson). Compounds bought-door n. ΚΠ 1807 J. Hogg Mountain Bard 27 (Jam.) The bught door is always carefully shut at even. Categories » bought-seat n. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). boughtadj. Brit. /bɔːt/, U.S. /bɔt/, /bɑt/ Forms: see buy v. (Forms 3α. ). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English bought , buy v. Etymology: < bought, past participle of buy v. Compare later boughten adj. Compare also unbought adj.It is unclear whether the Old English form geboht (and early Middle English iboht ) are derived from the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. bycgan buy v. or gebycgan i-bye v.; compare discussion at buy v. 1. Obtained in exchange for payment (in money or an equivalent); purchased. In early use also: spec. (of a person) purchased as a slave.figurative in quot. c1440; cf. buy v. 3a. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > bought or purchased keftc1300 purchased1576 boughten1793 bought1796 paid-for1817 mail-ordered1982 OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xvii. 12 Ælc werhades man on eowrum mægþum & inbyrdlincg & geboht þeowa beo ymsniden. c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) 455 He..beateð þe & busteð þe as his ibohte þrel. c1440 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 315 (MED) We are goddes boghte thralles, with þe pryce of his dere-worthy blode. 1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. U.vij The rulers..shall leade a boughte cowe into a valley and place,..and shall cutte in two the senowes of the beaste in the houghes. 1609 Bible (Douay) I. Gen. xvii. 12 Aswel the homebred shal be circumcised, as the bought seruant. 1745 W. Ellis Agric. Improv'd II. July xii. 124 Sack-carriers or Corn-porters convey the bought Wheat..to such Loft or Granary. 1859 Chester Chron. 23 July 6/2 In ordinary seasons, the bought food may be set down at about £10 for each cow. 1988 M. Leigh High Hopes in Naked & Other Screenplays (1995) 251 Valerie has placed in front of Mrs Bender a bought chocolate-and-cream cake, in the centre of which she has plonked a six-inch plain, white, lit candle. 2018 B. Macy Dopesick v. 112 Jesse and his friends were trading the bought and stolen pills around widely at so-called pharm parties. 2. Obtained or won over by unethical means; bribed, solicited.In quot. OE Old English geboht scire (cf. shire n. 1) apparently is to be interpreted as translating the genitive of classical Latin ambitus corrupt practices in electioneering, undue influence, bribery. ΘΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [adjective] > of nature of bribe > bribed subornate1431 bribed?1556 waged1561 feed1579 suggested1647 suborned1676 greased1693 bought1700 nobbled1876 fixeda1889 OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 55 Ambitus iudicium, gebohtre scire witnung. 1559 in Cal. of Lett. & State Papers Relating to Eng. Affairs (1892) (modernized text) 92 She had been pardoned through the bought favour of her sister's chamber-women. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 766 Not in the bought smile Of Harlots, loveless, joyless, unindeard. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 64 Bought senates, and deserting Troops are mine. 1844 Belfast News-let. 1 Nov. A bought smile, like an artificial flower, has no sweetness in it. 1925 F. R. Buckley Sage Hen xviii. 235 The law, even when administered by a controlled district attorney,..a bought judge and a petty jury with no ideas of its own, is regrettably uncertain. 1994 Amer. Spectator Feb. 22/1 The bought journalists of the social-climbing variety, whose party-line prose has made American journalism dubious to millions of Americans. 2003 Spectator 8 Nov. 81 Denied a lawyer and refused permission to cross-examine his alleged accuser Lord Cobham before a bought jury, the sheer horror of show trials sustained the drama. Phrases Proverb. bought wit is best (but may cost too much) and variants: knowledge gained by experience is the most valuable. Π 1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 51 Fooles are they which say: bought wit is best, espetially, if it be rated at my prise. 1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. I3^v Tis an olde Prouerbe,..Bought wit is the best. 1660 T. Forde Love's Labyrinth v. vi. 68 in Virtus Rediviva (1661) I like your love much better than your Hackney lines: but bought wit's best. ?1785 Wisdom in Miniature 193 Bought wit is best, but may cost too much. 1844 World of Fashion 1 Mar. 62/1 ‘Bought wit is best.’ No experience like a man's own! 1992 G. Lerner Black Women in White Amer. 84 Bought wit is the dearest wit. I have never been very shrewd in money matters; and being classed as a lady..and never exposed to any hardship, I did not know how to manage. 2020 @onehumanfamily2 16 Nov. in twitter.com (accessed 14 June 2022) He's been saying it's [i.e. covid] a hoax…now he's getting a 1st hand acct of the lies he has been fed. Go figure. Bought wit is better than told, unfortunately. Compounds † bought book n. Accounting Obsolete a book for keeping an account of goods purchased, esp. those purchased with credit. ΘΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > account book > other types of account book journal1540 bankers' book1585 shop book?1594 waste-book1613 cash-book1622 counter-book1622 pay-book1622 copybook1660 audit-booka1680 bankbook1682 transfer-book1694 malt-book1710 pay list1757 petty cash book1827 passbook1833 stock book1835 guard book1839 tommy book1841 bought-book1849 in-clearing book1872 out-clearing book1882 out-book1884 trial-book1890 1714 C. Snell Short & Easy Method 33 in Ayres's Arithmetick (ed. 12) Q. How must I enter the Goods that I Buy? A. You must Enter them in a Bought-Book. 1856 Morning Chron. 22 Aug. 5/3 On the 28th of September there is an entry in the bought book in Neary's handwriting, in which I am debited with a hundred 14-feet deals. 1929 J. Stephenson Econ. Wholesale & Retail Trade vi. 90 After the invoices have been checked they should be entered in the Bought Book. bought deal n. Stock Market an arrangement whereby a securities dealer buys a complete issue of shares and resells them at a price agreed with the issuer. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > specific operations or arrangements > share-buying activities subscribing1762 flyer1846 bearing1849 stagging1851 take-up1865 bear covering1881 straddle1883 portfolio investment1929 short covering1930 support buying1932 foreign portfolio investment1951 corporate raiding1957 leveraged1957 tender offer1964 buy-in1968 management buyout1977 bought deal1981 greenmail1983 MBO1986 bimbo1991 1980 Financial Times 10 July 27/1 This bond is a ‘bought deal’, which means that the lead manager cannot change the terms during the offering period. 1989 Managem. & Leveraged Buy-out Mag. Summer 40/2 We can call on the vast resources of Lloyds Bank for the provision of the debt element in buy-outs which with our own underwriting capability enables us to finance major bought deals. 2002 Vanity Fair Oct. 209/1 In January, Messier instead dumped 55 million Vivendi shares on Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank in a ‘bought deal’, meaning they would be stuck with the stock if they couldn't sell it. bought house n. Scottish a house that is owned by the occupant, as opposed to one that is let, esp. by a council or housing association. ΘΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house of private individual private house1533 private residence1723 1978 E. Little When Sixpence was Fortune 26 ‘Oor Margaret,’ she stated ‘has got on great, her man's doin' weel, an' they've got a bo't hoose.’ This was translated by Maggie's relations in England as ‘Margaret's daughter lives in a boat house’. 1998 A. Warner Sopranos 176 All she wants is a bought house up the Complex, no far from her Dad. 2018 @AlbaPartyTime 20 July in twitter.com (accessed 9 June 2022) They had a bought house, car & foreign holidays, we had [a] council house, no car & Millport. bought in adj. chiefly British purchased or obtained from an outside source, i.e. not raised or produced on one's own premises; of or relating to (cf. to buy in). ΘΠ society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > bought or purchased > from an outside source bought-in1894 bought-out1947 outsourced1984 1810 G. Robertson Gen. View Kincardineshire xvii. 461 1160 Bought in cattle. 1903 Daily Tel. 23 Dec. 8/7 Doubtless the cream of the bought-in horses will eventually figure in Mr. Sanger's new show. 2022 @61harpy 20 May in twitter.com (accessed 25 May 2022) The antipasti were ok, the porcetta was overcooked, and the ‘Vin Santo Tiramusu’ was clearly a bought in frozen chocolate gateau. bought out adj. chiefly British purchased or coming from an outside source, i.e. not raised or produced on one's own premises (cf. to buy out). ΘΠ society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > bought or purchased > from an outside source bought-in1894 bought-out1947 outsourced1984 1889 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 5 Oct. (2nd ed.) 6/4 It was the best bought out cattle fair for many years in Ballinasloe. 1947 N. Balchin Aircraft Builders 26 Joint committees on..materials, sub-contracting, and bought-out parts and spares. 2010 Financial Times 19 Apr. 8/1 (advt.) The scope of work for tender shall include..procurement of materials and bought out components. † bought plea n. Obsolete rare a groundless accusation. Π 1637 S. Rutherford Let. 1 Jan. in Joshua Redivivus (1664) 105 This was but a bought plea, & I was a fool. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2022). † boughtv.¹ Forms: Also 1500s bowght, bowt, 1700s Scottish bught. Etymology: < bought n.¹ Obsolete. transitive and intransitive. To bend, wind, fold; to link. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)] beyc888 bowOE fold13.. crumpc1325 windc1374 courbe1377 curb1377 plyc1395 bend1398 ploy?1473 bowl1513 bought1521 tirve1567 crookle1577 crook1579 compass1588 round1613 incurvate1647 circumflex1661 arcuate1678 to round off1678 sweep1725 curve1748 curvaturea1811 the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (transitive)] beyc888 bowa1300 incrooka1340 inbowa1382 crook1382 plya1393 inflectc1425 courbe1430 wryc1450 cralla1475 crumbc1490 bought1521 compass1542 incurvate1578 ploy1578 incurve1610 curve1615 circumflex1649 wheel1656 curb1662 crumpa1821 curvaturec1933 the world > space > relative position > posture > position of specific body parts > position specific body part [verb (intransitive)] > arms > link one's arm into another's bought1838 1521 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 324 Nor a syngle beme of the sonne is nothynge so myghty as whan it is doubled and bowghted in itselfe by reboundynge and reflexyon. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. 100 Nature hath made..hollow Guttres, and Criekes into the maigne lande, bowtyng and compassyng in and out. 1838 Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. (ed. 2) 121 When the canvassin cam' round, the member walk'd about, And bughted i' the Provost's arm. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). boughtbughtv.² Brit. /baʊxt/, /buːxt/, /bʌxt/, /baʊkt/, /buːkt/, /bʌkt/, U.S. /baʊkt/, /bukt/, /bəkt/, /baʊxt/, /buxt/, /bəxt/, Scottish English /bʌʊxt/, /buːxt/, /bʌxt/ Etymology: < bought n.² Scottish. 1. transitive. To pen or fold (sheep). ΚΠ 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 72 At boughting-time to leave the plain In milking to abide thee. 1792 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 664 The eastern star Tells bughtin-time is near, my jo. Categories » 2. gen. To enclose, fence in (see boughting n. at Derivatives). Derivatives ˈboughted adj. ΚΠ 1807–10 R. Tannahill Bonnie Wood The mavis, down thy bughted glade, Gars echo ring frae every tree. ˈboughting n. ΚΠ 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. i. 124 Boughting-blanket, a small blanket, spread across a feather-bed, the ends being pushed in under the bed at both sides. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹a1475n.²a1522adj.OEv.¹1521v.²1724
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† boughtn.1

boughtbughtn.2

Compounds

boughtadj.

Phrases

Compounds

† boughtv.1

boughtbughtv.2

Derivatives

† boughtn.¹

boughtbughtn.²

† boughtv.¹

boughtbughtv.²