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单词 team
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teamn.

Brit. /tiːm/, U.S. /tim/
Forms: Old English (rare)–Middle English tem, Old English– team, early Middle English tæm ( Ormulum), Middle English teome, Middle English tyme, Middle English tynne (transmission error), Middle English þeam, Middle English–1500s teme, Middle English–1600s teame, Middle English–1600s them, Middle English–1600s theme, Middle English–1600s (1900s– historical) theam, Middle English–1700s teem, Middle English–1700s teeme, 1500s temmes (plural), 1500s tieme, 1500s (1800s English regional) teyme, 1600s taime; also Scottish pre-1700 thame, pre-1700 theame.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian tām bridle, offspring, progeny (West Frisian team bridle, progeny, family, line of descendants), Old Dutch tōm bridle, rein (Middle Dutch toom bridle, rein, rope or line used to draw a fishing net, offspring, brood, Dutch toom harness, bridle, rein, offspring, brood), Old Saxon tōm bridle (Middle Low German tōm ), Old High German zoum bridle, rein (Middle High German zoum , zōm bridle, rein, rope, German Zaum bridle), Old Icelandic taumr rein, bridle, rope, cord, Norwegian (Nynorsk) taum , (Bokmål) tom cord, line, rein, Old Swedish tömber rein (Swedish töm rein), Old Danish tømæ (Danish tømme rein, cord, line, restraint) < a suffixed form of an ablaut variant (o -grade) of the Indo-European base of tee v.1 Compare teem v.1The usual modern senses (see sense 6) arose ultimately as a metaphor from earlier uses in branch II. denoting a group of animals harnesses together to draw a cart, etc. The literal sense ‘rein’ (compare sense 5a) seen in the cognate nouns in the Germanic languages is not attested in Old English; compare in this sense the related noun Old English tygel tial n. The emergence of this sense in the Middle English period has been attributed to influence from the Scandinavian languages, although it appears sometimes to have been reinforced by association with classical Latin tēmōn- , tēmō beam, pole, tongue of a plough, carriage, cart, etc. Senses of this word relating to childbearing, offspring, and progeny (compare branch I.) are attested also in Old Frisian and Middle Dutch; with these senses compare tee v.1 4, the related noun tight n.1, and cognates cited at those entries. Senses in branch III. are not attested for this word in other Germanic languages, although compare cognates at tight n.1 The original sense apparently refers to the tracing of a chain of ownership.
†I. Senses relating to offspring and childbirth.
1. The bearing of children; childbearing. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > [noun] > childbirth or delivery
teamOE
childinga1275
birtha1325
childc1330
deliverancea1375
childbearinga1400
kindlinga1400
birth-bearingc1426
forthbringing1429
childbirth?a1450
parturitya1450
bearinga1500
delivery1548
parture1588
infantment1597
puerpery1602
exclusion1646
parturition1646
venter1657
outbirth1691
clecking1815
parturience1822
birthing1928
natural childbirth1933
OE Ælfric Let. to Sigefyrð (Vitell.) in B. Assmann Angelsächsische Homilien u. Heiligenleben (1889) 20 Hit byð swyþe sceandlic, þæt eald wif sceole ceorles brucan, þonne heo forwerod byð and teames ætealdod, ungehealtsumlice.
OE Ælfric Homily (Corpus Cambr. 188) in B. Assmann Angelsächsische Homilien u. Heiligenleben (1889) 38 His wif..wearð mid getwysan, Esau and Iacob, and heo geswac ða teames.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 133 He ches two lif holi men him [sc. St John the Baptist] to fader and to moder, þe weren boðe teames ateald.
2. A person's or couple's children or descendants; offspring, progeny; (also) a line of descent, a family; stock. Cf. bairn-team n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring
bairn-teamc885
childeOE
tudderc897
seedOE
teamOE
wastum971
offspringOE
i-cundeOE
fostera1175
i-streonc1175
strainc1175
brooda1300
begetc1300
barm-teamc1315
issuea1325
progenyc1330
fruit of the loinsa1340
bowel1382
young onec1384
suita1387
engendrurea1400
fruitinga1400
geta1400
birth?a1425
porturec1425
progenityc1450
bodyfauntc1460
generation1477
fryc1480
enfantement1483
infantment1483
blood issue1535
propagation1536
offspring1548
race1549
family?1552
increase1552
breed1574
begetting1611
sperm1641
bed1832
fruitage1850
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively
bairn-teamc885
kinc950
seedOE
teamOE
offspringOE
kindOE
childrenc1175
lineage1303
generationa1325
issuea1325
successiona1340
kindredc1350
progenya1382
posterityc1410
sequelc1440
ligneea1450
posterior1509
genealogy1513
propagation1536
racea1547
postery1548
after-spring1583
bowela1593
afterworld1594
loin1608
descendance1617
succession1618
proles1640
descent1667
ramage1936
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark xii. 21 Secundus accipit eam et mortuus est et nec iste reliquit semen : ðe æfterra onfeng ða ilca & dead wæs & ne ðes forleort sed uel team.
OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 432 Anna hatta hyre fæder East Engla cynincg, swyðe Cristen man.., and eall his team wearð gewurðod þurh God.
lOE Charter: Bp. Denewulf to Beornwulf (Sawyer 1285) in F. E. Harmer Sel. Eng. Hist. Docs. 9th & 10th Cent. (1914) 29 Þonne weron þær ðreo witeðeowe..; ða me salde bisceop & þa hiwan to ryhtre æhta & hire team.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2415 Ȝa mihhte ȝho..tæmenn hire tæm wiþþ himm. Alls oþre wimmenn tæmenn?
c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) 453 Weox swa his team þet ne mahte hit namon tellen.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 5241 Is foure gode sones woxe uaste ynou, Adelbold & adelbriȝt, adelred & alfred, Þis was a stalwarde tem [c1400 BL Add. tyme, ?a1425 Digby teme].
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 20 After Edbalde com Ethelbert his eam, Adelwolfe's broþer, of Egbrihte's team.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 4747 Cassibalan was Androche eame, Luddes broþer of þat teame.
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 1922 This child is come of gentill teme.
3. A family of young animals or birds, esp. a litter of pigs or a brood of ducklings. Obsolete (English regional (southern) in later use).figurative in quot. ?c1225.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > family unit > [noun] > offspring or young > born at same time
teamOE
litter1486
brodmella1522
breed1574
kindling1865
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) i. 5 Sindon þeahhwæðere sume gesceafta þe tymað buton hæmede.., þæt sind beon. Hi tymað heora team mid clænnysse.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 249 Drach to gedere al þe team [of sins] vnder þe moder.
c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 579/39 Educamen, a teme of checonn.
1511 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) For a teme off ix pygys iiijs iijd.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. x. lv. 299 An hen that hath sitten upon ducks egges and hatched them..will wonder to have a teeme of ducklings about her.
1767 G. White Let. 9 Sept. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 31 We have a few teems of ducks bred in the moors.
1789 tr. G. F. Magné De Marolles Ess. Shooting xvii. 301 When it is known that a team of young ducks are in a particular piece of water,..the sportsman is sure to find them early in the morning.
1832 F. Palgrave Rise & Progr. Eng. Commonw. I. vi. 188 (note) In Sussex they yet say, a team of ducklings or chickens, for a brood.
1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. (at cited word) I have got a nice team of young pigs here.
1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Team, a litter of pigs or a brood of ducks.
II. Senses relating to a group of people or animals.
4.
a. Two or more horses, oxen, dogs, or other animals harnessed together to pull a cart, wagon, sled, or other vehicle.Sometimes with plural unchanged after a numeral (now rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > draught animal > team of
teamOE
yokeOE
draught?1523
teamware1567
plough team1726
work team1809
span1812
farm team1818
spike-team1848
the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > one who or that which > group of animals pulling together
teamOE
OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 59 Imus, oxa on forman teame. Binus, on þan æfteran teame.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 776 Hit [sc. an hors]..draȝþ bi uore [a1300 Jesus Oxf. bi sweore] grete temes.
c1300 St. Lucy (Harl.) 129 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 570 Stronge temes he let fecche of oxen menion.
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. 127 Bote Treuþe schal techen ow his Teeme for to dryue.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. l. 257 Grace gaue Piers a teme [C text teome] foure gret oxen.
1486 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 249 Drawyng þerof..with a teme of oxen.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iv. sig. Ff4 A teme of Dolphins raunged in aray, Drew the smooth charett of sad Cymoent.
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis xii. 248 A log he tooke, Which scarce two teame could draw.
1633 G. Herbert Praise in Temple iii. iii Not all the teams of Albion in a row Can hale or draw it out of doore.
1688 J. Stuart Petition 19 Oct. in Andros Tracts (1874) III. 89 Greatly disappointed by this loss [of a horse] which was all the Teame he had.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry ii. 153 A good Team of Horses cannot well have a less Allowance than forty Quarters of Oats in a Year.
1753 R. Dodsley Public Virtue iii. 61 Hurry to the field thy team.
1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xix. 292 Commander Ross went away in our sledge, drawn by a team of six good dogs.
1840 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lviii. 298 A thousand team of cattle conveyed the timber to the coast.
1878 F. H. Hart Sazerac Lying Club 203 A stranger passing through Churchill County recently, had the misfortune to lose his team of mules.
1908 Putnam's Monthly Mag. Aug. 546/1 The other six of you get back here with a block and tackle and four team of hosses.
1946 Cosmopolitan Oct. 85/1 I saw wagons, I saw carriages, and teams of oxen and their blue head-straps.
2006 S. Bowers & M. Steward Farming with Horses vii. 124/2 I have yet to find the team of horses that have perfect longitudinal alignment..without some attention from the teamster.
†b. figurative and in figurative contexts. A group of people likened to a team of horses, esp. in pulling or working together. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > one who or that which > group of people pulling together
team1631
1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre ii. v. 26 in Wks. II 'Twere like falling into a whole Shire of butter: they had need be a teeme of Dutchmen, should draw him out.
1668 Bp. E. Hopkins Vanity of World 113 They are so enslaved to the work of the Devil, that he puts them into his Team, makes them draw and strain for their iniquities.
1719 Free-thinker No. 144. 2 The Nobleman is but the Fore-Horse in the Team.
1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) VII. ii. 19 I will add a string of bells to it, to complete thee for the fore-horse of the idiot team.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iii. vi. 131 When a team of Twenty-five Millions begins rearing, what is Loménie's whip?
1884 Harper's Mag. Apr. 752/1 Those..who will poison the hearts of your children.., who will harness them in the team of Hollanders and Germans and Swiss and Italians to draw the triumphal car of Napoleon.
c.
(a) A cart, wagon, etc., harnessed to one or more draught animals (esp. horses). Also (chiefly U.S. regional (northern)): the vehicle alone; frequently in horse and team. single team n. a cart, etc., pulled by one horse. double team n. a cart, etc., pulled by two horses.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > with its draught animals
plough1505
team1641
Yarmouth coacha1661
rig1831
yoke1894
hitch1912
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun]
chariotc1380
team1641
democrat1873
1641 in Rep. Rec. Commissioners Boston (1876) I. 63 The Richer sort of Inhabitants shall afford three dayes' worke of one man (except such as have Teames).
1675 Three Inhumane Murthers 2 He being out with his Father-in-Law's Teame..to fetch Coals.
c1675 God speed Plow (new ed.) (single sheet) I do mean, With my Horse and Team to keep my self a husband-man.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. viii. 339/2 A Waine, or Oxe Taime, when drawn by Oxen, and hath a Waine Cop.
1773 Ill-natur'd Man i. iii. 15 I should have been able to pay maister,..but now I can't without selling my horses and teams.
1790 Scots Mag. Aug. 398/1 Here you will never see a team drawn by a lean cow, an ass, and a goat.
1798 Sporting Mag. 11 48 He was returning from Cowley with a loaded team.
1883 Iowa State Reporter 2 Aug. The first that was done in the way of record-breaking by a double team was on May 10, 1882.
1886 J. T. Hull Centennial Celebration v. 247 Two single teams loaded with tempting fruit.
1898 Boston Evening Transcript 23 Feb. 16/3 To make the hill less perilous to the poor horses obliged to drag teams up or down it.
1902 Atlantic Reporter 51 551/2 Under some circumstances, a person may leave his horse and team in the highway for the purpose of making a temporary stop.
1903 C. B. Loomis Cheerful Americans 43 By ‘a team’ I mean a horse and buggy.
1910 Commerc. Vehicle Aug. 266/1 The 3-ton machine..does the work of three double teams and one single-horse vehicle.
1921 Rep. Cases Workmen's Compensation Act (Commonw. Mass. Dep. Industr. Accidents) 284 On the day in question the deceased was driving a single team holding about a ton of coal.
2013 E. A. Nystrom Mad for Speed ii. 32 Growing up in Little Italy, he probably had not learned to drive a horse and team.
†(b) As much as a cart or team will carry; a teamload. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load
cart-loada1300
cartful1399
wain-weight15..
job1560
wain1613
trollful1663
wainful1713
wagon-load1721
team1789
wagonful1846
1789 Trans. Soc. Arts 7 36 The quantity of manure was two teams of dung to each pit, value three pence per team.
d. The stock of horses (or other animals) belonging to one owner or stable. rare (English regional in later use).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > livestock
feec900
auchtOE
orfOE
avers1292
storea1300
bestialc1350
cattlea1400
ware1422
quickc1450
goods1472
stock?1523
chattel1627
live goods1635
team1655
creature1662
livestocka1687
living stock1690
farming stock1749
farm animal1805
fat-stock1881
1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion vii. 6 I would have laid Pyebald against the best Mare in my Brother-in-Laws teem.
1876 G. L. Gower Surrey Provincialisms in W. W. Skeat Orig. Gloss. III. 106 ‘A good team of cows’ is the general expression for a nice lot of cows.
†e. U.S. colloquial. figurative. A person likened to a team of horses, or a horse and team, in strength, energy, stamina, etc. Often in a whole team. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1808 C. Schultz Let. 13 Apr. in Trav. (1810) II. 145 I am a man; I am a horse; I am a team. I can whip any man in all Kentucky, by G——d.
1832 Polit. Examiner (Shelbyville, Kentucky) 17 Nov. 4/2 ‘Whoop! Ain't I a horse?’ ‘A whole team, I should think,’ said Rainsford.
1844 ‘J. Slick’ High Life N.Y. II. 221 I put on a leetle extra grin myself, for I'm a hull team at larfin, and a hoss to let, when I once begin.
1851 J. B. Lamar et al. Polly Peablossom's Wedding & Other Tales 67 Mike is a team and no mistake.
1854 Knickerbocker 44 416 Jump him up when you will, and you'll find him a ‘full team’ at anything.
1892 Harper's Mag. Feb. 439/1 She says I'm a team in myself, with a little dog under the wagon.
1922 L. B. Yates Picking Winners with Major Miles vi. 68 Take it from me, he's a whole team and a cantankerous catamount.
†5.
a. Agriculture. A piece of equipment (in later use esp. a chain) used to harness horses or oxen to a plough, harrow, cart, etc. Cf. foot team n. at foot n. and int. Compounds 3. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [noun] > harness of draught animal > traces > plough traces
team1344
plough stringc1350
plough-line1384
plougherband1404
foot team?1523
team-band1808
short end1844
trace-chain1844
1344–5 in J. Mills Acct. Roll Priory Holy Trinity Dublin (1891) 57 In uno seem' virga. pro hartis & themes inde faciendis, pro carucis, iii d.
c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 26* Trecters et temoun, Plowestryngges and tem.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 225 I-leide þre teme lengþe from þe stok.
a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 665/20 Nomina pertinencia ad carectariam... Hoc plaustrum, wayne. Hec tema, teme. Hec torques, wythe.
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 125v A Teme, temo.
c1540 Inventory Monastery Lylleshull in Archaeologia (1871) 43 209 iij waynes with themes and other thyngys necessary.
1575 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 255 ij. teymes, j. horse draught, j. buck shackill, j. plewghryng.
1605–6 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1884) I. 27 Duos torques ferreos, Angl. Iron horse-teames.
1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) v. vi. 533 When they draw two and two together in the beare geares,..then there is needfull the plow, cleuise, and teame, [etc.].
1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 359 Team, an ox-chain, passing from yoke to yoke.
1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) Team,..harness for a draught of horses or oxen.
1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 136/1 Team, the ‘long-chain’ to which a span, or more than one span, of oxen are attached from yoke to yoke.
b. English regional (northern and eastern). A chain (in various other contexts). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > chain
chainc1300
carolc1425
racklea1500
link1570
chainage1611
slang1819
team1828
slag1857
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Team, a strong iron chain.
a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 51 A string or chain of sausages is called ‘a team of links’.
1904 W. H. Vint in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1905) VI. 47/1 [West Yorkshire] Team, an iron chain usually with a ring at one end and hook at the other. Used for putting round stones to fasten the crane chain to when lifting.
6.
a. A group of people, nations, etc., who are associated in a particular action or endeavour. Now chiefly: a group of two or more people who work together in a professional capacity, or who collaborate on a particular task. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > [noun] > team
teama1450
a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 6913 Saladyn and hys tem, Was bytwene Jaffe and them.
c1547 Vox Populi iv, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 404 All theise men..must be..Your streinghe and your teme, For to defende your realme.
1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir iv. sig. I2 Heere me my little teeme of villaines, heare me.
1645 J. Cleveland Char. London Diurnall 6 Believe him [sc. Cromwell] as hee whistles to his Cambridge Teeme of Committy-men.
1824 ‘H. L. Howard’ Joseph & Brethren i. 70 You are a breed of cursed slaves—A team of villains, guilty of man's blood.
1892 Proc. 10th Ann. Meeting Lake Mohonk Conf. 112 The ranch-owners have employed as attorneys as strong a legal team as could be gathered together on the Pacific Coast.
1912 Northwestern Christian Advocate 17 Jan. 79/1 The aged monarch has skillfully managed to keep in hand a difficult and ill-assorted team of nationalities.
1951 Times 26 Nov. 2/5 The report..has been compiled by a team from the [metal-finishing] industry which visited the United States last year.
1997 H. Gold She took my Arm as if she loved Me 38 ‘Together,’ I said, ‘my seriousness, your restlessness, we make a good team.’
2013 Atlantic Dec. 96/2 Each patient is assigned to a team of nurses, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, and others.
b. A number of players forming one side in a competitive game or sport; (also) a group of sportspeople representing a country, region, etc., in a competition comprising various events.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > team or group
side1545
team1834
active list1880
squad1902
active roster1915
pool1936
équipe1937
outfit1940
circus1958
dressing room1985
1834 Bell's Life in London 8 June With a little more care and practice.., they [sc. the cricketers] will, we are certain, make an excellent team.
1874 Bell's Life in London 14 Mar. 5/2 Although the game was won by Scotland..the English team played splendidly.
1897 Harper's Round Table 26 Jan. 322/2 The Yale Hockey Team is one of the few teams in this country..that plays the straight Canadian game.
1916 Crisis July 119/1 He has distinguished himself in debating, being on the winning team against the University of Michigan.
1957 Times 14 Mar. 14/6 The England football team set forth to face Denmark in the return leg of the World Cup qualifying competition.
1992 C. R. Hill Olympic Politics vi. 120 The United States Olympic Committee could decide not to send a team to the Games.
2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 20 Apr. c16/5 The 37-year-old striker Roberto Baggio will play for the national team for the last time in a friendly against Spain.
c. Two or more employees who work together to make an item or complete a particular process, esp. (in later use) on a production line.In early use often with reference to shoemaking.Recorded earliest in teamwork n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > [noun] > maker or manufacturer > team each of whom does one process
team1870
1870 N.Y. Times 3 Dec. 8 There are 3,000 or 4,000 hands employed on team work alone [in shoemaking].
1875 Amer. Cycl. XIV. 876/2 A ‘team’ of shoemakers consists of from four to nine men, comprising lasters, heelers, trimmers, burnishers, and finishers.
1888 Daily News 20 July 7/3 ‘A team’ [in boot-making] here would consist of three men, while in America there would be six in ‘a team’.
1920 India Rubber World Jan. 205/1 A team of three men is the usual complement for making this shoe.
2004 J. Drew et al. Journey to Lean iv. 49 At Toyota, a typical production line team consists of between four and eight employees with a working team leader.
d. Chiefly Criminals' slang. A gang.In quot. 1948 perhaps merely a contextual use of sense 6a.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] > gang
i-scolea1175
bend1477
gang1599
tribe1914
team1948
1948 G. Frost Flying Squad viii. 90 We..caught a young codger before he had time to get in with a team of crooks.
1955 D. W. Maurer in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 83 Sometimes a team [of pickpockets] is two handed, while a troupe is three handed or larger.
1960 Observer 24 Jan. 5/2 The guvnor of a team of active criminals.
1970 P. Laurie Scotl. Yard viii. 184 We had a whisper about a team going to do a certain pay van.
1994 R. G. MacCallum Tongs Ya Bas 126 In the mid-sixties gangs began referring to themselves as ‘Teams’ both in gang names and graffiti... The ‘Govan Team’ were an early example of this.
2002 P. Ferris & R. McKay Deadly Div. 142 Deadeye knew the score. Follow orders or leave the team.
e. colloquial. With postmodifying word or words. Used to form the name of a real or notional group which supports or likes the person or thing indicated.Frequently in situations where two or more such groups are (notionally) in opposition to each other. [Probably after the names of certain national sports teams (as e.g. Team GB, Team USA).]
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > other types of association, society, or organization
invisible college1647
rota1660
working party1744
free association1761
working committee1821
Ethical Society1822
bar association1824
league1846
congress1870
tiger1874
cult1875
Daughters of the American Revolution1890
community group1892
housing association1898
working party1902
development agency1910
affinity group1915
propaganda machine1916
funding body1922
collective1925
Ku-Klux1930
network1946
NGO1946
production brigade1950
umbrella organization1950
plantation1956
think-tank1958
think group1961
team1990
1990 H. Das Org. Theory Canad. Applic. viii. 290 He constantly demanded: ‘Are you on team B or team P?’ Team B, he explained, stood for breaking even and team P for making a profit.
2005 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 1 Dec. e1 I casually expressed my support for Jennifer Aniston while watching the former Friends star being interviewed on CNN. ‘Oh my God,’ hissed my wife Lucie, who was sitting next to me on the sofa. ‘You're Team Aniston!’... ‘Oh my God,’ I said finally. ‘You're Team Jolie.’
2009 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Nexis) 19 Nov. 48 Bella has now been saved by both a vampire and a werewolf and there is hot debate on the internet on which team fans are on—Team Jacob or Team Edward.
2015 @jaureguiswagger 1 July in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Are you team coffee or team tea? I prefer tea.
7. A flock of wild ducks, swans, geese, or other birds, esp. when flying in a line. Cf. sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > [noun] > member of subfamily Anserinea (goose) > group of
teamc1450
gaggle?1478
lag1624
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > group of
badlinga1450
teamc1450
raft1709
c1450 Terms Assoc. in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1962) 13 232 A teeme off wyldigges.
a1500 Terms Assoc. in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1962) 13 233 (MED) A teme of Swannes.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xiii. 311/1 Team of Ducks.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 429 Like a long Team of Snowy Swans on high, Which clap their Wings, and cleave the liquid Sky.
1720 T. Gordon Humourist I. Ded. p. v Don Gonzales..took a Trip to your Dominions upon a Team of wild Geese.
1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xix. 627 A team of twenty geese, (a snow-white train!).
1846 Sporting Mag. July 123 Now and then a couple or perhaps a team of ducks, or other water-fowl, might be seen high up, and afar off in the air.
1871 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports (ed. 9) i. ix. §1 Wild-fowl Nomencl... A ‘team’ of ducks (when in the air).
1911 Country Life 11 Feb. 194/1 The merry ‘cackle’ of a team of mallard passing overhead.
1972 Outdoor Calif. Sept. 14/1 In flight you see a team of ducks.., and it's proper to call a group of them a bunch, flight or company.
2004 R. Benvie Safety of War 273 His heart is lifted from melancholy by the sight of a team of ducks lifting off from a boggy patch.
III. Anglo-Saxon Law.
8.
†a. In a suit for the recovery of goods: the procedure by which a person in whose possession stolen or lost property is found may exercise the option to name the person from whom the property was purchased or otherwise received as evidence that it was obtained legally, provided that specified conditions are met. Cf. to vouch to warranty at vouch v. 1a. Obsolete (historical in later use).Typically with reference to the recovery of cattle; in quot. OE1 with reference to the recovery of a slave.The legal procedure and its terminology are clearly of an early date (quot. lOE2 is a late copy of a 7th-cent. Kentish legal code; compare also teem v.1 4), although minor details of the procedure vary during the course of the Anglo-Saxon period. For further discussion see F. Pollock & F. W. Maitland, Hist. of English Law (ed. 2, 1898) I. 58–60. While comparable legal procedures continued in Anglo-Norman England and Scotland, the word itself fell out of use, except in the context of lists of rights relating to jurisdiction and forfeitures (i.e. sense 8b), leading to uncertainty about its sense (compare senses 8c, 8d).The 12th-cent. post-classical Latin sources translate the word in a number of different ways; compare e.g. quots. lOE1, lOE3. Quot. a1387 and its post-classical Latin source give the Anglo-Norman equivalent as reuoucher garaunt and variants.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > vouching to warranty
teamOE
voucher?1530
vouch1621
OE Record of Dispute over Lands purchased by Abp. Dunstan (Sawyer 1447) in A. J. Robertson Anglo-Saxon Charters (1956) 90 Þa befeng Ælfsige þone mann æt Wulfstane.., þa tymde Wulfstan hine to Æþelstane æt Sunnanbyrg. Þa cende he [sc. Æðelstan] tem & let þone forberstan.
OE Laws of Cnut (Nero) ii. xxiv. §1. 326 Gyf..he þyllice gewitnesse næbbe, ne beo þær nan team, ac agyfe man þam agenfrigan his agen.
lOE Laws: Hundredgemot (Corpus Cambr.) iv. §1. 192 Buton þara oðer [sc. valid witness as specified] hæbbe, nele him mon nænne team [L. (Quadripartitus) cenningam; (Consiliatio Cnuti) attestacio] geþafian.
lOE Laws of Hloðhære & Eadric (Rochester) xvi. §1. 11 Þonne tæme he to wic to cyngæs sele to þam mæn ðe him sealde, gif he þane wite & æt þam teame gebrengen mæge.
lOE Laws of Edward the Elder (Rochester) i. i. §1. 138 Gif hwa butan porte ceapige, ðonne sy he cyninges oferhyrnesse scyldig; & gange se team [(L. (Quadripartitus) aduocatio] þeah forð, oð þæt man wite, hwær he oðstande.
a1175 ( Leges Edwardi Confessoris: Version 2 (Holkham) xxii. §3 in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 647 Team [c1175 Paris Theam, a1200 Lamb. Them]: quod, si [aliquis] aliquid interciebatur super aliquem, et ipse non poterit warantum suum habere, [erat] forisfactura et similiter iusticia [read iusticia; similiter] de calumpniatore, si deficiebat.
c1270 (?a1200) Leges Quatuor Burgorum (Berne) xii, in Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 335/1 Per legem burgi se defendet nisi sit de prodicione vel de them [?a1500 tr. thruch lauch of burgh he sall were hym bot gif it be of tresoun or of theme].
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 95 Theam, Frensche, reuoche garant [?a1475 anon. tr. Thean, that is, to lawde the auctor, in Frenche, reuouche graunte; L. Theam [v.r. them] id est, laudare auctorem; Gallice, reuoucher garaunt].
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. ii. xi. f. 116/3 Teame, sometime corruptly written Theam,..is also an old Saxon word, and signifieth where a man cannot produce his Warrant of that which he bought according to his Voucher.
1900 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. I. vi. 148 If nobody came forward with evidence to his good faith, he was condemned as a thief. This legal process, in the baron's court, was called team.
b. The right to receive the fees levied during a suit of team (sense 8a); (also) the right or prerogative of jurisdiction in such a suit, together with the fees and profits accruing from it, as one of a number of prerogatives usually included in crown charters granting land (and in later use not always clearly distinguished from other such prerogatives). Chiefly (and earliest) in toll and team (see toll n.1 1c). Now historical.Toll and team is apparently mentioned earliest in quot. OE, in a charter of the abbot of Evesham dated between 1016 and 1023. Both terms refer to lucrative rights frequently conferred in charters associated with the sale of goods; for a similar alliterative formula compare sac and soc at sac n.1 The first appearance of the formula in a royal charter may be shown by a writ of Cnut dated between 1033 and 1035 (see quot. a1200 at toll n.1 1c), but the writ is extant only in a late copy and of disputed authenticity. (Quot. lOE, although extant in a manuscript of the first half of the 12th cent., is from a clearly forged 11th-cent. charter.) Later, in royal charters toll and team becomes part of a conventional enumeration of conferred prerogatives, often following sac and soc and preceding infangthief (see infangthief n.). Quot. 1895 reflects a degree of reinterpretation of the prerogative in this context; compare the more radical reinterpretation represented by sense 8c.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal power > [noun] > right of dealing with matters judicially > in matters of warranty
teamOE
OE Charter: Abbot Ælfweard to Æðelmær (Sawyer 1423) in A. J. Robertson Anglo-Saxon Charters (1956) 156 Gange ægðer ge cyricsceat ge teoðunge into þam halgan mynstre..& toll & team sy agifen into þam mynstre.
lOE Royal Charter: Edward the Confessor to Westminster Abbey (Sawyer 1043) in D. Wilkins Concilia Magnae Britannia et Hiberniae (1737) I. 318/1 Donavi etiam religioso abbati Eadwino..in tota possessione monasterii sacam et socam.., et consuetudinem quae dicitur teames.
a1400 in Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 742/1 (heading) De Curia de theme.
1664 H. Spelman Glossarium 533/1 Theam significare videtur jurisdictionem cognoscendi in Curiâ suâ de advocationibus, sive intertiatis; hoc est..de vocatis ad Warrantiam.
1781 M. J. Armstrong Hist. & Antiq. Norfolk IV. 186 The whole town of Happisburgh,..the church and the market, with all that belonged to it, namely, wreck, toll, team, and other customs.
1892 R. M. Garnier Hist. Eng. Landed Interest vi. 64 The abstraction or usurpation of these powers, together with sac, soc, toll, team, and estate business formed that fortuitous concourse of atoms out of which was evolved the Court Leet.
1895 F. Pollock & F. W. Maitland Hist. Eng. Law II. 157 (note) The team of the Anglo-Norman charters seems to be the right to hold a court into which foreigners, i.e. persons not resident within the jurisdiction, may be vouched.
1997 J. A. Green Aristocracy Norman Eng. viii. 247 Evidence in the form of court rolls held by lords with powers of sake, soke, toll, team, and infangthief survive only from the thirteenth century.
†c. Explained as: the legal right of a lord to have the use or control of the offspring (or assets) of his serfs; the offspring of a lord's serfs subject to this right. Obsolete (historical in later use).In the 13th cent. the implications of the word when used in sense 8b were no longer transparent, as the word was no longer in use in sense 8a; hence legal writers sought to explain the term by reference to sense 2. This explanation was repeated by later writers, though Higden, Rastell, Skene, and Coke offer both explanations; compare quots. a1387 and 1628 with quots. a1387 and 1628 at sense 8a. N.E.D (1911) labels this sense as erroneous.
ΚΠ
1278 in Placita de Quo Warranto temp. Edw. I, II & III (1818) 275/2 Them, aver progeny de vos humes.
?c1350 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 33 Tem, Progenie de nos hummes.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 95 Somtyme Theam is i-cleped þe sewte of bonde men [L. Theam..quandoque dicitur sequela nativorum].
c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 10 Teme is that ȝe haue all auereyne of your bonde men, with here sute and catell, where-so-euer in Inglonde þey be i-founde.
a1475 Legal Gloss. Bokenham's Mappula Angliae in Englische Studien (1887) 10 21 (MED) The-am..is clepid þe sequelle of bounde men.
1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) f. 186 Them, that is yt you shall haue all ye generation of your villaynes with their sutes & cattel wheresoeuer they shalbe found in England.
1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione Theme, is power to haue servandes and slaves, quhilk ar called nativi, bondi, villani, and all Barronnes infeft with Theme, hes the same power: For unto them all their bond-men, their bairnes, gudes, and geare properlie perteinis, swa that they may dispone there-upon at their pleasure.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. ii. xi. f. 116/3 Theme (sometime written Theame corruptly) is an old Saxon word, and signifieth Potestatem habendi in nativos sive villanos cum eorum sequelis, terris, bonis & catallis.
1895 F. Pollock & F. W. Maitland Hist. Eng. Law I. ii. iii. 566 In the thirteenth century..team is taken to mean the brood, the offspring, the ‘sequela’ of one's villeins; but this we may be sure is a mistake.
1901 J. B. Hurry Reading Abbey vii. 84 (note) ‘Theam’, the right of the lord of a manor to the issue of his bondmen and villains.
†d. Understood as: a charge, tax, or duty. Obsolete. N.E.D (1911) labels this sense as erroneous.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > [noun]
tacka1300
taxa1327
tail1340
stent138.
emption1467
duty1474
stint1485
teamc1485
liverage1544
stipend1545
toust1574
sess1579
cut1634
censure1641
gild1656
leviation1681
levation1690
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 224 Pilgrimes..suld nouthir pay toll ne teme, aucht na custume na payage, quhill thai ar on thair voyage.

Phrases

†P1. Nautical slang. in the team: (of a number of ships) stationed in a line. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer I. viii. 216 Nothing can be more dull and monotonous than a blockading cruize ‘in the team’, as we call it; that is, the ships of the line stationed to watch an enemy.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) Ships blockading a port, being generally formed in a line, are said to be ‘in the team’.
P2. Originally North American Sport. to take one for the team: to undergo an unpleasant experience or make a personal sacrifice for the collective benefit of one’s teammates or (in later use in non-sporting contexts) one's colleagues or friends.In early use chiefly with reference to players sustaining injury in the course of a match.
ΚΠ
1971 Fairbanks (Alaska) Daily News-Miner 6 Aug. 9/4 Duane Larson ‘took one for the team’ and was awarded first base to load the sacks.
1987 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 29 May 6 c/2 ‘I saw it coming right for my leg so I decided to just kind of take one for the team,’ said Jefferson, Cedar Rapids' 19-year-old first baseman.
1997 B. Toropov Getting along with Difficult People iii. xv. 167/2 For some tough bosses, your best bet is to put the accent on the ways you..‘took one for the team’ if you hope to win a raise.
2011 Sun (Nexis) 7 Sept. 14 Nick revealed the dodgiest dish he had to taste was pork and bean dumplings with strawberries. He grimaced: ‘I took one for the team. Dylan refused to eat it.’

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a. In sense 4, as team beast, team horse, team plough, etc. Cf. draught n. Compounds 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > draught animal > yoked with another
team1574
1574 J. Baret Aluearie T 78 A Teame beast, euery beast that draweth or beareth burdens.
1685 G. Meriton Nomenclatura Clericalis 69 A Team-Horse or Draught-Horse, Equus Temonarius.
1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. Digest 18 Sheep are profitable..because they save, considerably, the expence of team-labour.
1796 J. Donaldson Mod. Agric. III. xxvii. 383 The..common team-plough..will be found entitled to a decided preference, in respect to the extent of ground that can be pared.
1853 P. Bowes Farm Book-keeping by Double Entry I. 28 The Team or Horse Labour occupies the second part of the Labour Journal.
1858 H. W. Herbert Hints to Horse-keepers (1863) x. 122 Their stabling and grooming..should differ materially from those of a team-horse, or a slow-working farm-horse.
1914 Maccabæan Feb. 46/2 The spaciously planned stable..contains accommodations for the team-beasts.
1992 Live Animal Trade & Transport Mag. June 39/1 These horses today, as in the past, make..excellent team horses for working on a farm.
b. In sense 6b, as team competition, team name, team record, etc.Some of the more established compounds of this type are treated separately at Compounds 2 and Compounds 4.
ΚΠ
1871 Glasgow Herald 3 Oct. 2/7 The silver medal, won by this corps in August last year in the team competition.
1949 Life 28 Nov. 59/2 The well-mounted Mexicans..won six individual jumping championships and four team events.
1968 Times 6 Aug. 11/3 (heading) Chinese protest at team name... The committee would change ‘Taiwan’ to the ‘Republic of China’ on all forms.
1989 W. Houston Inside Maple Leaf Gardens xvii. 218 The Leafs..were tied for first place in the overall NHL standing, and were a game away from setting a team record for consecutive road wins.
1993 Cycling Weekly 23 Jan. 5/3 The team strip will be supplied by Assos clothing.
2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 1 Oct. b13/6 He will travel to Vancouver in February as team doctor for the United States speedskating team.
C2. With the sense ‘of or relating to a sports team or a team of employees or associates’ (cf. senses 6a, 6b, 6c).
team captain n.
ΚΠ
1875 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Sentinel 29 Sept. 3/3 Gen. Dakin watched, ‘coached’ and counselled the Amateurs with an earnest perseverance that could not be exceeded by any other team captain.
1935 Port Arthur (Texas) News 30 Oct. 8/1 The boys could select two new team captains and rechoose sides.
2006 Chess Dec. 44/2 Before the event had started, Director Ward Stoffelen..warned team captains that ringing mobile phones would not be tolerated.
team coach n.
ΚΠ
1885 Boston Daily Globe 19 Sept. 5/2 As a team coach he is invaluable, and as a member of a rifle team he inspires confidence.
1926 Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 29/1 He may be ordered to act as athletic officer or team coach for a Regular Army unit.
2015 Hull Daily Mail (Nexis) 18 Mar. 8 Team coach and Head of PE, Andrew Ripley, has been with the boys every step of the way and feels the loss as keenly as they do.
team manager n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > training > [noun] > manager
manager1843
team manager1887
tinkerman2002
1887 Evening Herald (Syracuse, N.Y.) 6 June 1/3 When he was in New York City, where the team manager was changed, he got into a row with Simmons.
1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 15 Dec. 23/1 Team manager John Sherriff believes the side is now on the right track.
1996 Independent 9 Dec. ii. (Network section) 18/3 It is crucial that the project team managers gain complete understanding and training has to be provided.
2005 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 22 Feb. c19/5 Brian Whitesell, the team manager for two race teams at Hendrick Motorsports.
team match n.
ΚΠ
1885 Outing Oct. 110/1 Shooting...Team-match at Red Wing, Minn., July 23: teams of six men.
1902 Irish Times 25 Apr. 8/6 We have never seen a team match in which on both sides the character of the play was so well maintained from top to tail.
2003 D. Barrett Golf Rules Explained 121 What happens when a player is late for a team match?
team member n.
ΚΠ
1875 N.Y. Times 22 May 5/3 It was resolved to elect all persons who may have contributed sums of $50 and upward toward paying the expenses of team members of the Amateur Rifle Club.
1989 West Austral. (Perth) 26 July 132/1 (advt.) This small busy company..requires a further team member to join their friendly office.
2012 Independent 22 Aug. 11/1 Representing TeamGB in Beijing four years ago, as the youngest team member, she eventually came home with two Paralympic swimming golds.
team sport n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > [noun]
field sport1580
team game1885
team sport1896
spectator sport1943
board sport1981
1896 Sunday Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 1 Mar. 16/5 (heading) A brand-new game. Rules now first published for a lively team sport.
1964 G. McDonald Running Scared iii. 37 He had never gone out for any team sport.
2014 Daily Tel. 8 Aug. (Invictus Games section) 4/5 I was a keen footballer before and I have missed team sports.
team training n.
ΚΠ
1880 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 8 June 7/4 This proceeding..entirely vitiated the day's work for the purpose of team training.
1944 Pop. Mech. Nov. 22/2 Executive officers picked most of the balance of the crew from the Norfolk pool and put them into team training.
1998 Skydiving July 23/1 (advt.) Skydivers worldwide are welcome. Team training facilities and special team rates.
C3. In sense 6, forming adjectives in combination with a past participle.
team-based adj.
ΚΠ
1970 J. Ellis in Reform Med. Educ. 211 We have to face the establishment of a specialist-based, team-based pattern of medical care.
1996 Fast Company June 124/1 More and more companies are team-based companies, and in team-based companies most work gets done in meetings.
team-oriented adj.
ΚΠ
1952 Hospitals Feb. 76/2 The team-oriented supervisor..seemed to put too much emphasis on team spirit within her work group to the end that she neglected her responsibility to get the work done efficiently.
1993 N.Y. Times 21 Nov. viii. 1/4 I had to fit into a game plan but I also had to excel using my skills. This is difficult, because football is such a team-oriented game.
C4. With the first element in singular form.
† team-band n. English regional Obsolete a chain or chains used to attach drawing gear to a plough or harrow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [noun] > harness of draught animal > traces > plough traces
team1344
plough stringc1350
plough-line1384
plougherband1404
foot team?1523
team-band1808
short end1844
trace-chain1844
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon v. 115 A swing-plough..with a beam about seven feet long..: at the end of this beam, is occasionally fastened a horizontal graduated iron, to which the team-band is affixed.
1857 T. Wright Dict. Obsolete & Provinc. Eng. Team-bands, chains attached to a harrow.
team boat n. North American (now historical) a paddle boat in which the power is supplied by a team of horses turning a treadmill, capstan, etc.; cf. horse-boat n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > canal boat > towed by man or horses
team boat1816
pull-boat1883
1816 Niles' Weekly Reg. 17 Aug. 414/1 The team boat of Messrs. Carpenter, Lawrence and Demint went into operation last week.
1820 Boston Daily Advertiser 26 Apr. 2/4 A team-boat propelled by twenty-five horses.
1969 R. E. Prince Seaboard Air Line Railway iii. 61/2 The team boat operated in regular service between the twin cities on the Elizabeth River.
2015 B. P. Murphy Building Empire State iv. 140 The second vessel, powered by actual horses and called a horseboat or team-boat, completed the journey and docked at New York.
team bonding n. the action or practice of seeking to improve the effectiveness, cohesiveness, and morale of a team of people (typically in sport or in the workplace), esp. by means of activities or events intended to increase motivation and promote cooperation; the result of this, increased cohesion or morale in a team of people; cf. team-building n. (b).
ΚΠ
1976 P. Chesler & E. J. Goodman Women, Money & Power ii. 33 Girls do not learn to develop individual athletic excellence which is then enhanced by team bonding.
1987 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 1 Jan. David Clark..persuaded his six vice-presidents to go on an Outward Bound program..for nine days... ‘When we returned, we realized that what happened was team bonding.’
2003 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 16 Oct. c19/4 The Knicks did not practice yesterday in Las Vegas, instead having a meeting and team-bonding events.
team-building n. (a) Sport the action of bringing players together to form a team (now rare); (b) (esp. Business) the action or practice of encouraging a group of people to work together effectively as a team, often by means of activities and events intended to increase motivation and promote cooperation; cf. team bonding n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > [noun] > team > action of forming
team-building1893
teaming1915
1893 Evening News & Post (Football ed.) 22 Apr. 4/1 Team building at the fag end of the season is no easy matter.
1908 Kentish Times 27 Mar. 7/1 The gradual judicious team-building of Manager Goodman is having its due effect.
1946 Nature 12 Oct. 497/1 These are essential conditions for successful team-building and the inherent loyalty it implies.
1951 Times 25 May 10/6 The results I have the privilege of presenting are in part some measure of the success which has attended our efforts at team-building.
1993 Business Week 25 Oct. 103/3 Managers engage in a series of team-building exercises and projects tied to real issues.
2001 Times 4 July ii. 7/1 Women believe that they have to be likeable, sociable.., and good at team-building and communication in order to be promoted.
team driving n. the action or practice of driving a team of horses or oxen pulling a wagon, plough, etc.
ΚΠ
1824 London Lit. Gaz. 28 Aug. 557/3 Tom..In coaching was a whip of desperate skill, And loved Team-driving better far than Quill.
1958 I. Blasingame Dakota Cowboy (1964) xv. 216 Not being familiar with team driving, they didn't know how to make the horses—unschooled also in being hitched to wagons—hold them back on the grades.
2012 S. Leslie New Horse-powered Farm 65/2 A more advanced work scenario to introduce is team driving on the walking plow.
team effort n. cooperative effort by a group of people working as a team or for a common cause; (now usually) an instance or result of this; something achieved through the efforts of a team of people.
ΚΠ
1903 N.Y. Athletic Club Jrnl. Aug. 13/1 The members of the Manhattan Beach Team hail from some of the leading clubs and swimming organizations in the country, but lacked team effort.
1953 Brit. Jrnl. Delinquency 4 3 This will involve..a clear recognition of the points at which team-effort can stultify itself and retard progress.
1989 Toronto Star (Nexis) 11 Sept. d6 Ottawa quarterback Damon Allen..said a team effort gave Riders their first win in 10 starts this season.
2008 Independent 27 Oct. 16/2 We are not going to rate individual doctors—high quality medicine is a team effort now.
team game n. a game or sport in which teams rather than individuals compete; a sport or style of play prioritizing cooperative teamwork over the skill or effort of any particular individual in a team; (in extended use) an activity which requires cooperative effort.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > [noun]
field sport1580
team game1885
team sport1896
spectator sport1943
board sport1981
1885 Boston Daily Globe 2 Sept. 5/2 The Independents have been playing a strong team game, and feel very confident of making a good showing.
1904 Hist. Ottawa Collegiate Inst. vii. 111 In more recent years general attention has been transferred to team games, such as foot-ball, and hockey.
1925 Youth's Compan. 18 June 412/3 Good talking is a team game..in which all the company has an equal interest. and to which as many as possible contribute a share.
1995 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 9 Dec. d1 TV news is a team game.
2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 30 July 32/1 In football, reining in one's own ability for the good of the team is part of the team game.
team handball n. a game played by two teams of seven players on a rectangular court with a goal at each end, using a ball which is thrown or hit with the hands; = handball n. 3b.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > handball, etc. > [noun] > handball > played on court
team handball1922
handball1956
1922 Altoona (Pa.) Mirror 12 Sept. (Sports section) 29/2 One of the features of the season will be the team handball league.
1970 Jrnl. Health, Physical Educ. & Recreation Mar. 46/1 To the uninformed spectator, the game of team handball would look like a combination of football, basketball, and lacrosse.
2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 10 May (Sports section) 9/1 Team handball is a high-scoring, seven-on-seven court sport.
team high n. chiefly North American the highest tally, points, score, etc., recorded by a sporting team (or a person playing within that team) in a match, season, etc.
ΚΠ
1916 Bell Telephone News Nov. 16/2 Team high single game—Plant Office... Individual high single game—Skelton.
1941 Washington Post 10 Apr. 25/2 Nick Nicholas and Harvey Lanier led the Bureau of Standards boys..for game and set.., to pace their office quintet to team highs of 598 and 1,718.
2012 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 23 Oct. b2/3 Divine..developed a tough float serve that's rung up a team-high 81 aces this year.
team honours n. honours awarded to a sporting team, esp. as opposed to an individual team member.
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society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win > awards and prizes
garland?a1513
plate1639
cupc1640
dog plate1686
gold medal1694
gold cup1718
sweepstake1773
trophy1822
bronze medal1852
shield1868
statuette1875
pot1885
team honours1895
letter1897
silver medal1908
school colour1913
gold1945
bronze1960
silver1960
Fed Cup1965
1895 Evening News (London) 24 Jan. 3/5 As far as the Englishmen are concerned a pleasant jaunt and good times promised should lead to a rivalry for team honours.
1928 Daily Mail 7 Aug. 15/5 Eagle Road Club secured team honours.
2014 R. Kidd Horizons xxiii. 245 Athletes, senior and junior, from all Commands met to compete for individual and team honours.
teamland n. now historical a measure of area based on the amount of land which can be tilled by one plough in a year; cf. ploughland n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land
earthlandeOE
falloweOE
acreOE
hide and gaine1347
furrowc1380
teamlanda1387
tilthc1460
arablec1475
tilling land1488
flat1513
plough-tilth1516
ploughland1530
tillage1543
plough-ground1551
teamware1567
ploughing ground1625
ploughing land1674
prairie-breaking1845
plough1859
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 177 [Iohn] took anon tribute of everiche teme lond [L. hyda, id est carucata] in Engelond þre schelynges.
1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged xxviii. §3 In the Booke of Domesday Caruca—the Teame-land—was in quantitie of Acres proportioned to the qualitie of Soile.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Quadrugata Terrae Team Land, or so much as can be till'd by four Horses.
1990 Eng. Hist. Rev. 105 333 The ploughs of the censarii were taken into consideration in the calculation of teamlands in 1086.
team leader n. †(a) a horse or other animal harnessed at the head of a team (obsolete); (b) a person who leads a sports team, or a team of employees.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > leader > of a group
headstock1850
team leader1872
chef d'equipe1917
madrich1944
squad leader1953
1872 Bell's Life in London 13 Jan. 1/3 Mr. Garth, brown gelding,..has been broke to harness, and driven team leader, and has very fine action.
1919 Times 10 June 12/2 What are styled ‘teams’ are being formed in the provincial areas. These will work under ‘team’ leaders.
1928 A. M. Treynor Hands Up! ix. 98 The team leaders strained onward.., the rattling buckboard followed.
1977 R.A.F. News 11 May 8/4 Deputy team leader Chf Tech Mick Young.
1994 N.Y. Times 15 Nov. b13/1 Beard understands that the team leader must ‘buy into’ the coach's philosophy.
2010 Jewish Chron. 15 Oct. 45/1 (advt.) The successful Rabbinic candidate..will be an organised and self-motivated team leader.
team-leading adj. and n. (a) adj. Sport (chiefly North American) designating the highest score, total, etc., recorded by any one player in a particular team; (b) n. the action of leading a team; chiefly attributive.
ΚΠ
1950 N.Y. Times 22 Feb. 35/4 The 6 foot 4 senior has scored 1,703 points in four years, including a team-leading total of 356 this season.
1965 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 65 128/2 She speaks of a problem which I encountered at the beginning of my team-leading experience.
1990 Clearing House 63 361/2 Teachers must learn about budgeting, team leading, facilitating adults, and curriculum reforms.
1991 Athlon's Eastern Football Ann. 50 Stephens was moved inside last year and responded with a team-leading 112 tackles.
2015 Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Nexis) 7 Apr. 3 His new role brings together Chris' facility with numbers and the team-leading skills..he honed during his banking career.
team load n. chiefly North American (now historical and somewhat rare) as much as a cart or team will carry (see sense 4c).
ΚΠ
1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 209 They [sc. ships] have also been built at the distance of seven or eight miles; then taken to pieces, and conveyed in common team loads to the sea.
1830 J. Elgar in Street—Capitol to Executive Offices 9 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (21st Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives 224) II A team load of gravel will pave about three yards.
1976 D. F. Regnery Enduring Heritage i. 11/1 With as many as 50 team-loads of lumber a day being hauled into it for transshipment, the site was clearly one with a prosperous future.
team man n. (a) a man employed to drive a team of draught animals, esp. a team of horses or oxen used to pull a plough, cart, etc., on a farm; cf. teamster n. 1 (now historical); (b) a man who plays or works well as a member of a team; frequently with preceding qualifying adjective.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > farm worker > driver of a team of draught animals
goadman1606
goad-groom1614
teamer1696
teamster1758
team man1763
goadsman1788
teamsman1792
voorloper1837
mule skinner1870
swamper1870
tracer1899
skinner1910
society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > team or group > member of
man1744
team man1763
team player1882
teamer1924
MVP1940
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of team of animals
teamer1696
teamster1758
team man1763
1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) I. 60 What wages are given, in the several parts of England, to plowmen, threshers, team-men, labourers, and household country servants?
1867 J. Morley Burke vi. 56 He would talk of..the turnips, and the hay, with the team-men and the farm-bailiff.
1892 Boston Post 27 Apr. 3/7 Harry Hodgkins will run on the Xavier's senior cross country team. Hodgkins will make a good team man.
1961 Ebony Dec. 73/1 He is a team man who tries to excel not for himself but for his team.
1992 A. Howkins in B. Short Eng. Rural Community v. 97 The horseman, team-man or even labourer in the South was integrated within the village structure.
2015 Waikato Times (Hamilton, N.Z.) (Nexis) 23 Feb. (Sport section) 17 Beaver had..an outstanding work ethic, great attitude and he was a real team man without ego.
team management n. (a) the action of managing the members of a team and directing their activities; (b) (chiefly in Sport) a group of people who manage a team, regarded collectively.
ΚΠ
1878 Forest & Stream 22 Aug. 54/2 From the testimony of the American riflemen who watched their shooting for the Elcho Shield they have but little more to learn in the way of team management.
1884 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Jrnl. 12 Sept. The team management decided to play out the eastern schedule.
1950 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 50 498/2 This would result in unsuccessful team management due to the team leader's inadequate preparation.
1998 Community Care 30 Apr. 57/3 (advt.) We are seeking to recruit someone who would like an opportunity of marrying team management skills with development skills.
2004 Sun (Nexis) 26 Apr. The players held a..get-together on Friday night clearly seething with the decisions of team management regarding the selection for the Dublin game.
teammate n. †(a) a person (esp. a man) who assists in driving a team of horses or oxen (obsolete); (b) a person or animal forming part of a team, esp. in sports; a fellow team member; also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > [noun] > team > member of
teammate1854
1854 Times 5 Jan. 10/1 The ‘mates’..hire themselves from Michaelmas to Michaelmas as third or second team-mate.
1882 Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 2 Sept. 1/5 Mr. William H. Vanderbilt buys Aldine [sc. a horse] for $15,000 as a team mate for Early Rose.
1903 Michiganensian 139/2 He was a good team mate for Snow and was used in every game.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §440/4 Confederate or partner..team-mate.
1977 Times 15 July (Motor Racing Suppl.) p. vi/1 James Hunt..was put out of the race by a crash... His German team-mate..had retired three laps earlier.
2014 Forever Sports Oct. 144/2 The teammate in possession of the ball throws it towards the rim for the other player to catch it and dunk it from there.
team ministry n. Anglican Church a group of clergy consisting of the incumbents of a number of benefices who minister jointly to several parishes under the leadership of a rector or vicar; the system or a scheme in which parishes are looked after by such groups; sometimes contrasted with group ministry n. at group n. Compounds 2.In quot. 1935 not a fixed collocation.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > rector > [noun] > rector of team > group led by
team ministry1935
1935 Scotsman 6 Mar. 17/2 A team ministry was demanded by the needs of the situation. The details could be worked out, but there should be a minimum of two men.
1955 Life 12 Dec. 63/1 The Rev. Mr. Edgar..invited three other ministers to join him as equal partners in a remarkable new kind of team ministry.
1964 L. Paul Deployment & Payment of Clergy xv. 142 Group or team ministries in town..ought eventually to increase the total urban ministry rather than decrease it.
1980 Oxf. Diocesan Mag. May 15/2 The faint hearts in the Diocese who see team ministry as a threat.
2001 P. D. James Death in Holy Orders (2002) 338 St. Osyth's was now part of a team ministry and there was at present an interregnum with a new priest temporarily taking the services.
team play n. the action of playing together as a team; skill in this; also in extended use.
ΚΠ
1877 Sterling (Illinois) Standard 6 Dec. 129/1 Their endurance and team play made them one of the best high school teams in the west.
1916 Lit. Digest 25 Mar. 839/1 To be a New Yorker means to be yourself in a crowd. It is almost impossible to get a sense of team-play.
1998 PC Mag. July 411/1 Multiplayer game options include free-for-all and team play.
2011 R. Martens & J. S. Martens Compl. Guide Slowpitch Softball viii. 175 He recognized and appreciated the defensive team play of our Florida Legends team.
team player n. (a) Sport a player belonging to a particular team, esp. one whose play prioritizes the interests of the team as a whole; (b) (more generally) a person who works well as a member of a team.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > team or group > member of
man1744
team man1763
team player1882
teamer1924
MVP1940
1882 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 21 Nov. 5/3 Fox and Kelly—Boston and Cleveland team players.
1883 Lebanon (Pa.) Daily News 29 Jan. Club managers should make it a part of a bats-mans duties as a team player to make sacrifice hits whenever an extra base or a run can be scored by such a hit.
1950 T. M. Newcomb Social Psychol. xvii. 618 They wanted the team player who could be counted upon, not the lone wolf who was out to make a name for himself.
1980 Newsweek 17 Nov. 13/3 Reagan wants ‘team players’ for his Administration—men and women loyal to him personally and to his philosophy generally.
2012 FourFourTwo Jan. 77/1 While he's the finest technical individual and dribbler around, he's also the number one team player.
team policing n. a method of community policing in which officers are organized into teams responsible for a particular area of a police department's jurisdiction.In quot. 1948 with reference to the replacement of foot patrols with teams of officers patrolling by car.Recorded earliest in attributive use.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > law enforcement > [noun] > community policing
community policing1934
team policing1948
1948 Manch. Guardian 4 Dec. 6/5 The new ‘team policing’ system introduced in Aberdeen early this year.
1967 Times Herald Rec. (Middletown, N.Y.) 1 Aug. 27/1 The commission said it believes team policing would increase crime solution.
1975 J. Wambaugh Choirboys ii. 10 ‘Team Policing’ was nothing more than the deployment as often as possible of the same men in a given radio car district.
2008 H. W. More Current Issues in Amer. Law Enforcement ii. 36 In response to national commissions and societal changes many departments implemented team policing.
team race n. †(a) a race for vehicles drawn by teams of horses (obsolete); (b) a race in which teams compete against each other, esp. one in which the winner is the team whose members finish on aggregate in higher positions than their opponents.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [noun] > types of race
quarter-mile1611
dead1635
diaulos1706
quarter1779
dead heat1796
match race1804
dash1836
sprint race1836
mile1851
road race1852
time trial1857
decider1858
all-ages1864
rough-up1864
hippodrome1867
distance running1868
team race1869
run-off1873
relay race1878
walk-away1879
title race1905
tortoise race1913
procession1937
stage1943
pace1968
prologue1973
1869 N.Y. Herald 26 May 5/5 The winners of the team race on this occasion are the best matched team that were ever hitched together.
1916 Greater Iowa Aug. 8/1 In addition to the regular harness events there will be two team races, one for free-for-all pacers and one for trotters.
1929 E. Bowen Last September x. 122 At school sports; in a team race, one of those things with bean bags.
1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 10 Nov. 21/7 Southampton were always in control in the team race and were easy team winners from Portsmouth, through Tony Nixon 5th, Bryan Dawkins 8th, and Malcolm Beavis 10th.
2004 J. Wilcockson 23 Days in July (2005) xxii. 266 The team race is based on a squad's top three finishers each day.
† team railway n. Obsolete rare a railway on which the carriages or wagons are pulled by horses, etc.; cf. horse-railroad n. at horse n. Compounds 1d.
ΚΠ
1832 N. Wood Pract. Treat. Rail-roads (ed. 2) Index 529 Team Railway, performance of horses on.
1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) IV. 317/2 Team-railway, a railway on which horses are used as the motive power.
team rector n. Anglican Church a rector who leads a team ministry; cf. team ministry n.
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society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > rector > [noun] > rector of team
team rector1971
1971 Times 26 Nov. 4/4 There should be seven such parishes in the city. Each of these should have a team rector and one or more team vicars.
1999 Church Times 16 July 15/1 The Pastoral Measure of 1968 formalised what had been at first experimental, and brought into being the new posts of Team Rector and Team Vicar.
2009 Church Times 22 May 13/1 Canon Fraser is Team Rector of Putney, in south London.
team roper n. chiefly North American and Australian a person who competes in a team roping event at a rodeo.
ΚΠ
1922 Greenville (Texas) Evening Banner 25 Mar. 5/3 Pearly and Tom Morris, champion team ropers of Arizona.
1967 R. M. Denhardt Quarter Horses viii. 110 Without the help of a horse.., no team ropers can win.
2006 USA Today (Nexis) 3 July 3 a All four are team ropers. Their event lasts about six or seven seconds from when a steer breaks from a chute until—ideally, from the cowboys' standpoint—it finds itself in the dirt.
team roping n. chiefly North American and Australian a rodeo event in which two mounted riders work together, one roping the horns or head of a steer and the other the back legs; the action of catching a steer in this way.
ΚΠ
1904 Abiline (Texas) Daily Reporter 8 Oct. 1/5 Tuesday, Nov. 1—Three Steer Roping... Wednesday, Nov. 2—Team Roping.
1989 Endless Vac. Jan. 30/2 Prize money will be offered in bareback riding, bull riding, calf roping, saddle bronc riding, steer wrestling, team roping and the women's barrel-racing contest.
2002 A. Proulx That Old Ace in Hole (2003) xxxiv. 350 The team roping brought the crowd to its feet... Grapewine, the header, tagged the corriente right in front of the gate... Capps caught the heels in a clean, traditional throw.
team sheet n. (in team sports) a list of players selected to play for a team, esp. in a particular match.
ΚΠ
1950 Guardian 3 Oct. 7/7 When his name was put on the team-sheet for the school's Rugby fifteen he crossed it off.
1985 Times (Nexis) 10 Sept. 23/5 Robson's team sheet will probably include Shilton, who will equal Banks's record of 73 caps in goal.
2015 Belfast Tel. (Nexis) 20 Mar. 68 Neither Jared Payne nor Rory Best would have been surprised to see their name left off the team sheet for tomorrow's final Six Nations game against Scotland.
† team shovel n. Obsolete a wide wooden shovel used for removing earth, designed to be pulled by a team of horses or other draught animals.
ΚΠ
1823 P. Force National Cal. IV. 170 Patents issued in 1822...Team Shovel, improvement in the. Elisha Case, Canton, Conn.
1876 H. H. Stoddard Egg Farm 22 The backs need not be shod for wear, as is usual with team shovels and scrapers.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. III. 2501/2 Team-shovel, an earth-scraper. A scoop drawn by horses or oxen..used in removing earth.
team spirit n. a spirit of camaraderie, cooperation, and mutual support among the members of a group; prioritization of the collective interests of a team or group over those of any individual member; also as a count noun; cf. esprit de corps n. at esprit n. 2a.
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society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > [noun] > team > spirit of
team spirit1894
1894 Sunday Post (Boston) 12 Aug. 15/3 The team..plays with the team spirit that means games won.
1917 Gen. Statistics of Cities 1916 (U.S. Dept. of Commerce) 32/1 The boy never grows to be a man; to transform the gang spirit into the team spirit.
1920 R. S. Baker New Industr. Unrest xviii. 224 With labour changing all the time any systematic training is impossible. Under the old system no loyalty is developed, no team-spirit.
1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art iv. 74 These sports, we are told, inculcate a team-spirit.
2006 Review (Rio Tinto) Dec. 9/2 Operators also need to have a clear sense of co-operation and team spirit.
team system n. a system in which people work together as a team; spec. (in industry) a system in which employees work together to complete a particular item or process; cf. sense 6c.
ΚΠ
1869 Boston Investigator 18 Aug. 126/4 Each man is allowed a whole garment to complete, the ‘team’ system being entirely discarded.
1876 Centralia (Illinois) Sentinel 12 Oct. The Scotch had lost their team system, and, instead of the solid bunch of united strength, were now a few separated fagots.
1987 P. A. Cooper Once Cigar Maker vi. 169 The team system..by 1910 had become the dominant form of labor in the entire cigar industry.
1999 Teesdale Mercury 1 Sept. 6/4 Hospital services there..were ahead of their time. They were working on a team system which came later to Britain.
team talk n. a talk addressed to a team, or a discussion amongst a team; spec. (Sport) a motivational or tactical talk given to players by the team manager or coach, in the context of a particular match.
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the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > other types of conversation
diabologuea1713
giff-gaff1787
by-dialogue1817
question and answer1817
war-talk1831
fast talk1866
heart-to-heart1904
pseudo-conversation1926
team talk1947
psychodrama1952
catch-up1972
1947 ‘A. P. Gaskell’ Big Game 12 And then of course, the team-talk on Friday night. The coach would stand on the platform and start on his old game of building us up to fighting pitch.
1960 V. Jenkins Lions Down Under viii. 114 The post-mortem at a team-talk in Timaru was a searching one.
1997 M. J. Gray in B. Whyte Multimedia Telecommunications ix. 183 Teleworkers..did not receive their daily team talks from the supervisor.
2015 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 19 Apr. (Sport section) 8 Sherwood stole the headlines that day by descending from the stands for a transformative half-time team talk.
team-teach v. Education transitive to use team teaching in the delivery of (a course or subject); also intransitive; cf. team teaching n.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > teaching > [verb (intransitive)] > teach by other methods
demonstrate1793
kindergarten1872
team-teach1962
1962 Daily Rev. (Hayward, Calif.) 1 May 1/5 To team teach a subject, the usual pattern of scheduling..has to be drastically altered.
1976 Sci. News 28 Feb. 135 Two answers to this problem..are to teach science ethics to college students by presenting them realistic case studies and to bring industrial scientists into the universities to team-teach.
1979 Maledicta 3 144 Mary Salawuh Warren..has team-taught Yoruba and other West African languages with her husband, D. M. Warren, at Iowa State University.
2001 Jet 5 Mar. 41 Gore and Lewis..are team-teaching a course on Family-Centered Community Building.
team teaching n. Education a system in which a team of two or more teachers work together to teach a particular subject or group of students.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > teaching > [noun] > other methods of teaching
demonstration1742
bear-leading1766
royal road1793
tachydidaxy1846
object teaching1851
object system1862
methodic1864
community education1873
methodics1883
maieutics1885
type-system1901
direct method1904
spoon-feeding1905
play method1914
playway1914
project method1916
active learning1919
study skills1924
skit1926
free activity1929
hypnopaedia1932
sleep-teaching1932
chalk and talk1937
show-and-tell1941
demo1945
naming of (the) parts1946
team teaching1949
teleteaching1953
programming1954
audio-lingualism1961
immersion1965
dem1968
open learning1970
suggestopaedia1970
suggestopedy1970
distance learning1972
fast-tracking1972
paideia1982
tutorial1984
m-learning2001
1949 Bakersfield Californian 28 Feb. 13/2 One remedy to this dilemma is ‘team teaching’, or the symposium or panel method.
1963 Life 22 Mar. 86/3 Teachers who want to do more than just earn a living..are excited by the team teaching approach.
2005 J. C. Richards & T. S. C. Farrell Professional Devel. Lang. Teachers (2009) xi. 161 For team teaching to be successful,..it is important for both teachers to have a strong sense of confidence in each other.
team vicar n. Anglican Church a vicar who leads a team ministry; cf. team ministry n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > vicar > [noun] > team
team vicar1970
vicar1972
1970 Church Times 15 May 17/3 (advt.) Team Vicar. The appointment of a Second Team Vicar for the proposed Team Ministry in the Parish of Tong,..will be made in September/October.
1995 J. Davey Burnout iii. 56 An appointment as team vicar in an inner city united benefice.
2006 Church Times 29 Dec. 10/2 As Curate, Deputy Vicar, and Team Vicar, I ho-ho-hoed my way round many a mums' and toddlers' group.
† teamware n. Obsolete rare (a) a team of horses or other draught animals; cf. ploughware n. at plough n.1 Compounds 2; (b) = ploughland n. (cf. teamland n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > draught animal > team of
teamOE
yokeOE
draught?1523
teamware1567
plough team1726
work team1809
span1812
farm team1818
spike-team1848
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land
earthlandeOE
falloweOE
acreOE
hide and gaine1347
furrowc1380
teamlanda1387
tilthc1460
arablec1475
tilling land1488
flat1513
plough-tilth1516
ploughland1530
tillage1543
plough-ground1551
teamware1567
ploughing ground1625
ploughing land1674
prairie-breaking1845
plough1859
1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) v. f. 67 His sacred Teemeware through the Ayre to driue abrode agen.
1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. viii. f. 12/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I 600. families, which are all one with Hidelandes, Plowghlandes, Carrucates, or Temewares.
C5. With the first element in plural form.
teamsman n. (a) a man who drives a team of draught animals; = team man n. (a) at Compounds 4; cf. teamster n. 1 (now historical); (b) a fellow member of a sports or games team.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > farm worker > driver of a team of draught animals
goadman1606
goad-groom1614
teamer1696
teamster1758
team man1763
goadsman1788
teamsman1792
voorloper1837
mule skinner1870
swamper1870
tracer1899
skinner1910
1792 Trans. Soc. Promotion Agric., Arts & Manuf. (U.S.) 1 122 The teams-man sowed this part by hand.
1876 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 21 Aug. 2/7 Men well fixed on the team..would not allow their chances of victory to be imperilled by having a weak tailman..provided there were men outside who could better serve them as fellow-teamsmen.
1895 Wales Apr. 168/1 He was able to drive a furrow to the delight of even the most envious of surrounding teamsmen.
1917 M. E. Gross et al. Playground Bk. 75 One of the outer team..may throw it [sc. the ball] while within the circle to one of his teamsmen outside the circle.
1996 J. Murray Reiver Blues vii. 113 His teamsmen and opponents stared at him astonished.
2007 D. P. Mortlock Aristocratic Splendour ii. 43 A teamsman could earn 2s 6d an acre for ploughing and harrowing prior to sowing.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

teamv.

Brit. /tiːm/, U.S. /tim/
Forms: 1500s teame, 1500s teem, 1500s teeme, 1600s– team.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: team n.
Etymology: < team n. (compare branch II. at that entry). Compare earlier teem v.1
1. transitive. To harness (horses, oxen, etc.) in a team; to yoke (frequently in passive). Also: to drive (horses, oxen, etc.) in a team.figurative in quot. 1597.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [verb (transitive)] > harness or yoke
yokeOE
harness13..
cart-saddle1377
join1377
couple1393
enharness1490
benda1522
bind1535
span1550
team1552
spang1580
inyoke1595
trace1605
enclose?1615
gear1638
to get in1687
reharness1775
reyoke1813
to hook up1825
inspan1834
hitch1844
pole1846
stock1909
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Teame horses togyther, dextero, as.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Teame oxen togither, iugo, as.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 60 Horses..Al yoked, and matchlyke teamed with common agreement.
1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. xiv. sig. Q4v The shipman cannot teeme dame Tethis waues.
1855 Trans. Essex (Mass.) Agric. Soc. Dec. 27 Men well skilled in teaming the horses and in the use of the plough.
1875 Encycl. Brit. II. 663/1 The horses [in a horse artillery battery] are teamed in pairs,—lead, centre, and wheel.
1937 Biennial Rep. Kansas State Board Agric. for 1935 & 1936 84 As many as twenty-one horses are teamed in some units, such as ten-row weeders.
1997 Eastern Woods & Waters Summer 34/1 He merrily teamed the horses down the narrow snow-covered road.
2003 S. Chapman What Husbands & Wives aren't telling each Other ii. 29 When the two horses were teamed they pulled an amazing 12,000 pounds of weight.
2. North American.
a. intransitive. To drive a team of horses, oxen, etc.; to work as a teamster. Now chiefly historical and somewhat rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by drawing along > draw along or haul [verb (transitive)] > convey by means of a team
team1833
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (intransitive)] > drive horse-drawn vehicle > drive a team
team1833
1833 I. Hill Let. 28 Nov. in C. P. Bradley Biogr. Isaac Hill (1835) 207 Not having enough to do on his own premises, he teamed to help others carry on their land.
1856 J. G. Whittier Panorama 139 I..can hear him teaming Down the locust-shaded way.
1888 L. Oliphant Sci. Relig. iii. 60 I..teamed as a common teamster through the rigours of a Canadian winter.
1955 Wichita Daily Times (Wichita Falls, Texas) 15 May 1 d/3 I teamed for six or seven years until one of my horses died.
2006 C. Burr Canada's Victorian Oil Town 205 He purchased another horse and set himself up as a teaming contractor... He teamed for almost all of the local oil producers.
b. transitive. To convey or transport (freight, timber, etc.), esp. by means of a vehicle pulled by a team of horses. Now chiefly historical.
ΚΠ
1836 Accts. Expenditure Upper Canada Coll. in App. Jrnl. House of Assembly Upper Canada I. No. 64. 7/1 Paid Bartholemew Bull, for teaming timber £18 7s. 6d.
1865 Atlantic Monthly Apr. 390/2 The farmers back of the Creek prefer bringing their horses down and teaming oil to working the land.
1951 K. M. Wells Up Medonte Way xi. 74 He took the road, teamin' hay er cordwood to town.
1968 E. S. Russenholt Heart of Continent iii. ix. 162 A sudden freeze-up ends the navigation season... Freight which cannot, now, be moved by steamboat, must be teamed.
2009 P. J. Piccirillo Heartwood vi. 72 Tobias imagined himself heading out to team logs on a woods crew.
†3. transitive. North American. To get (work) done by a team of workers, or by multiple teams; to let (work) to a contractor who employs a team of workers. Cf. teaming n. 1. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1875 [implied in: E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2501/1 Teaming,..a certain mode of manufacturing work, which is given out to a boss, who hires a gang or team to do it, and is responsible to the owner of the stock. (at teaming n. 2)].
1891 Cent. Dict. Team, in contractors' work, to give out (portions of the work) to a gang or team under a subcontractor.
4. Frequently in to team up. Often with with.
a. intransitive. To come together as a team; to form a team or part of a team together; to join forces or get together, esp. in order to achieve a common goal.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > co-operate [verb (intransitive)] > form team
marrow1535
team1901
society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > co-operate with [verb (transitive)] > bring into co-operation
team1901
1901 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 13 Nov. 8/4 The first pair of bicycle riders who have teamed up and entered the international six days' race.
1911 Outing July 468/1 They were off for the first waltz together, while I..waits for 'em to come my way, thinkin' as I watched 'em that they teamed up together pretty good.
1932 J. T. Flynn God's Gold vii. x. 314 Whetmore was..a lawyer and independent promoter who teamed up with the Merritts and worked with them.
1949 Official National Pro Basketball League Mag. 7/1 He teamed with Milo Komenich for the greatest offensive rebounding this writer has ever seen.
1990 Dallas Times Herald 9 Oct. b1/5 Tandy is one of several companies teaming with Philips Consumer Electronics..to produce a ‘Digital Compact Cassette’ system.
1993 R. M. Krich Fair Game vii. 49 You're protecting her, like always. Teaming up against me.
2014 Observer 9 Feb. (Mag.) 37 Travis Rice, a huge name in big-mountain boarding, has teamed up with Quiksilver, a huge name in boardwear.
b. transitive. To bring (a person, organization, etc.) together with another or others to form a team; to organize (people) into teams. Usually in passive.
ΚΠ
1902 Boston Daily Globe 3 Jan. 9/4 The fact that they are teamed up will not prevent them from fighting out the finish.
1943 Billboard 25 Dec. 25/2 Civilians and soldiers will be teamed up in play productions for shows in the camps.
1965 J. Lawlor in J. Gibb Light on C. S. Lewis 73 I had thought of myself as God's gift to Lindsay's Balliol, with which Magdalen was teamed for scholarship purposes.
1972 Council on Anthopol. & Educ. Newslet. 3 22 These professionals will be teamed and reteamed to create mini-faculties.
1991 A. Cameron Kick the Can v. 142 They teamed me up with this old Swede logger.
2003 Time Out N.Y. 4 Sept. 34/1 The concerts will team Zorn with dozens of his closest friends and collaborators.
5.
a. transitive. To coordinate or match (an item, garment, etc.) with another or others. Also intransitive: to coordinate; to combine. Frequently in passive. Also with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [verb (transitive)] > wear together
team1936
ensemble1966
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > agree, harmonize, or be congruous with [verb (transitive)] > go with or match > use or wear in conjunction with
team1936
1936 Vogue 15 Apr. 53 Divided skirts!..Here..are two of the newest: A blue flannel one teamed with a shirt and gay waistcoat [etc.].
1954 C. L. B. Hubbard Compl. Dog Breeders' Man. xx. 203 Well-pressed linen slacks..can look really nice, especially if teamed up with a contrasting blouse, shirt or jumper.
1958 House & Garden Feb. 22 (advt.) [The furniture] will team happily with the pieces you wish to retain.
1970 Kay & Co. (Worcester) Catal. 1970–1 Autumn–Winter 61/2 Flame pull-over top and matching slim-line skirt team up..to make a knock-out ensemble.
2003 Heat 29 Mar. 32/1 (caption) Carrie looks pretty as a picture in pastel shades. Her flouncy skirt is teamed with a cute wrapover cardigan.
b. intransitive. Of two or more elements, circumstances, etc.: to come together, to combine, esp. to produce a particular result. Also with up.
ΚΠ
1938 Washington Post 23 Apr. 18/2 Monetary and racing thrills teamed to make this an exciting day at the races.
1963 Science 6 Dec. 1225 (advt.) The extremely low recording speed capability of a Honeywell Magnetic Tape System and the versatility of a Honeywell Visicorder Oscillograph have teamed up to report a new story of the punishment ships take at sea.
1982 N.Y. Times 27 June xi. 1/2 Federal cutbacks and the recession have teamed to make the summer job picture a bleak one.
2012 Wall St. Jrnl. 24 May c4 Chinese cancellations and improved weather teamed up for a very bad combo today.
c. transitive. To combine or use (a thing) with another or others; to put (two or more things) together. Frequently in passive. Occasionally with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (transitive)]
compoundc1384
combind1477
consolidate1511
combinea1535
conjoin1554
consociate1566
associate1578
mingle1587
symbolize1590
compack1605
cojoina1616
to run into ——1640
to put together1651
amalgamate1802
integrate1802
conferruminate1826
amalgam1827
synthetize1828
synthesize1830
portmanteau1902
team1939
synchronize1973
1939 Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 192/1 Another member of the family, fluorine, has shown you its remarkable power of etching glass when teamed with hydrogen.
1946 Life 4 Mar. 63/2 Even when teamed with other foods, you can still detect the overtones of good cheese when you make a main dish with Shefford.
1978 Pop. Mech. Aug. 112/1 A 100-mw [CB radio] set can carry even farther, if it's teamed up with a full-power set at the other end.
1984 Washington Post 2 June e10/1 Three layers of LSCs, dealing with the three primary colors of blue, red and green, are teamed to form normal ‘white’ light.
1990 Amiga Computing Dec. 9/2 He teams the 2000 with a Chromacolour system and his own talents to bring the joy of animation to thousands of youngsters.
2007 Independent on Sunday 18 Nov. (New Review) 67/2 The impressively tender, crisp-skinned rack of pork is inventively teamed with a lovely kohlrabi purée.

Derivatives

teamed adj. put or brought together; combined in or as a team (also in teamed-up); spec. (esp. in early use) harnessed or yoked together (cf. sense 1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [adjective] > harnessed together
teamed1591
caparisoned1841
1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I2v By this the night forth from the darksome bowre Of Herebus her teemed steedes gan call.
1890 Jrnl. Royal United Service Inst. 34 791 The ratio of spare horses to teamed horses would be about 1 to 4 in the Horse Artillery.
1923 Washington Post 21 Aug. 11 The newly-teamed-up pair of Babe Norton and I defeated Phil Neer and Jim Davies, of California, in four close sets.
1993 W. R. Wood Or Go down in Flame viii. 138 Heinrich Rienecker..was plowing in the field near the road using two teamed cows.
2003 G. Cline in P. Williams-Boyd Middle Grades Educ. iv. 149 Teamed teachers reinforce skills taught in each other's classrooms.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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