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单词 aesculin
释义

aesculinesculinn.

Brit. /ˈɛskjᵿlɪn/, /ˈiːskjᵿlɪn/, U.S. /ˈɛskjələn/
Forms:

α. 1800s– aesculine, 1800s– esculine.

β. 1800s– aesculin, 1800s– esculin.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: French esculine; Italian esculina.
Etymology: < French esculine (1823 in Jrnl. de pharmacie 9 542, in a translation of extracts from the Italian coinage work) or its etymon Italian esculina (apparently found in F. Canzoneri Saggi sul castagno d'India (1823)) < classical Latin aesculus (also esculus ), denoting a species of oak, adopted in scientific Latin as genus name of the horse chestnut ( Linnaeus Species plantarum (1753) I. 344; perhaps < the same Indo-European base as oak n.) + Italian -ina -in suffix1.
Chemistry.
A crystalline compound present in the bark and other parts of some trees (notably the horse chestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum), and used in tests to identify certain bacteria by means of its fluorescence.Aesculin is a glucoside of aesculetin; formula C15H16O9.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > [noun] > glycosides > named > aesculin
aesculin1824
polychrome1838
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > intensity of light, luminosity > [noun] > fluorescence > substance or exhibiting
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fraxin1864
aesculin1868
fluorescein1871
fluorescin1882
fluorescer1904
Day-Glo1944
1824 Chemist 3 Apr. 55/2 By following the means they recommend, he [sc. Canzoneri] obtained a peculiar substance from this fruit, which he has named esculine.
1842 T. Graham Elements Chem. iii. vii. 910 The solution, by exposure to light, acquires a beautiful blue colour, even when the quantity of esculin is very small.
1853 Chem. Gaz. 15 Aug. 302 It has been stated that æsculine is not thrown down by metallic salts.
1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 678 The aqueous solution of æsculin is highly fluorescent, the reflected light being of a sky-blue colour.
1908 M. Yearsley tr. A. Forel Senses of Insects iv. 59 I added enough ink to the water to make it quite distinctly darker and less transparent than the esculine.
1946 L. J. Tompkins et al. in R. B. Little & W. N. Pastridge Bovine Mastitis iv. 137 Diernhofer had previously shown that broth containing the glucoside esculin was useful in differentiating streptococci found in milk.
2006 Countryman Dec. 83/1 German hospitals have been successfully reducing severe bruises for their patients with the aesculin obtained from conkers, a treatment since provided in Britain.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1824
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