c1400 Plowm. T. 418 Goodes frendship hem makes, They toteth on hir somme totall.

1474 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 72 Sum totale of bath thir sidis, lix li. xv d.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 9 The veray and sewre foundement, vpon which my total espoyr and hope resteth.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme xcviii. 18 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 148 Thou totall globe and all that thee enioy.

1610 J. Donne Pseudo-martyr vii. 201 The whole totall body..of the points of their profession.

1709 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 12 Nov. (1965) I. 19 This is the sum total of all the news I know.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 101 The flaming deluge..Sweeps total nations from the staggering world.

1810 in Sir W. Napier Penins. War (1878) II. App. 418 Total number of bayonets..4924.

1833 H. Martineau Cinnamon & Pearls vi Its total revenue does not pay its expenses.

1903 Daily Chron. 25 Mar. 8/7 The percentage of total rainfall which reaches the river is diminishing, as well as the total rainfall itself.

1851 London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 2 4 We often hear of the total heat of bodies, and of gases and vapours in particular, this term being meant to express the sum of the sensible and latent heat.

1853 Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 20 172 If to the latent heat of evaporation at a given temperature, is added the quantity of heat necessary to raise unity of weight of the liquid from a certain fixed temperature (usually that of melting ice) to the temperature at which the evaporation takes place, the result is called the total heat of evaporation from the fixed temperature chosen.

1927 H. Moss tr. R. Mollier Steam Tables 3 The quantity E is known as the internal or intrinsic energy while the quantity H is termed the total heat, enthalpy or (sometimes) heat content.

1962 Engineering 23 Feb. 276/2 The total heat content (enthalpies) of the coolant gas at inlet.

1949 G. P. Sutton Rocket Propulsion Elem. i. 18 The impulse (often called total impulse) is the integral of the thrust over the firing duration. For a constant thrust it is the product of thrust and duration.

1979 J. W. Cornelisse et al. Rocket Propulsion vi. 115 The specific consumption is defined as the ratio of propellant weight consumed and the total impulse delivered.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 3 Nothing less..could..have produced such a total and prodigious Alteration, and Confusion over the whole Kingdom.

1769 Def. Locke's Opin. Pers. Identity 31 After a total interruption of thought..during sound sleep.

1770 Aberdeen Burgh Rec. in Bulloch Pynours (1887) 76 To put a total stop to the rolling of all sorts of Casks.

1816 S. T. Coleridge Human Life 1 If total gloom Swallow up life's brief flash for aye, we fare As summer-gusts, of sudden birth and doom.

1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott I. iv. 127 Notwithstanding all that Scott says about the total failure of his attempts in the art of the pencil,..they proved very useful to him afterwards.

1838–9 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation (1863) 24 A total absence of self-respect.

1831 J. Tuckerman Let. respecting a City Temperance Soc., Boston, Mass. 5 A total abstinence from intoxicating stimulants, except for medicinal purposes.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) II. 219 How much easier is total abstinence from scenes of amusement than temperance in money-getting.

1862 Sat. Rev. 13 617/2 This observation supplies an answer to some of the usual arguments of the total-abstainers.

1880 Richardson in Med. Temp. Jrnl. 71 In their allegiance to ‘total abstention’.

1882 Magazine Very few public men..care to order a bottle of wine at a public table. It is not because they are total abstinents.

1935 W. Gropius in S. Giedion W. Gropius (1954) i. 61 The aim of this ‘Total Theater’ is to draw the spectator into the drama. All technical means have to be subordinated to this aim and must never become ends in themselves.

1950 World-Telegram-Sun (N.Y.) 14 Mar. 12 He [sc. D. Acheson] defines ‘total diplomacy’ as the full use of Congress,..government agencies, as well as business, labor and agriculture.

1951 E. A. Walsh (title) Total empire: the roots and progress of world communism.

1957 Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 26 Jan. 22/1 M. [Jean-Louis] Barrault..describes it as follows: ‘“Total Theatre” is simply the true and traditional theatre, the one which makes use of man “in his totality”, his gestures, pantomime, dances, breath, cries, articulation, speech, poetry, and singing.’

1957 J. D. MacDonald Man of Affairs iii. 43 I did not see how any platonic relationship between Mike and this total woman would be possible.

1957 E. Goffman in Symposium on Preventive & Soc. Psychiatry 44 [These institutions'] encompassing or total character is symbolized by the barrier to social intercourse with the outside that is often built right into the physical plant: locked doors, high walls, barbed wire, cliffs and water, open terrain, and so forth. These I am calling total insititutions.

1962 E. Goffman Asylums p. xiii A total institution may be defined as a place of residence and work where a large number of like-situated individuals, cut off from the wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life.

1963 I. Fletcher in B. Sewell Two Friends 63 Spiritual Poems is a fine example of ‘total art’, its paper and typography reflecting the eclecticism and scholarly caprice of content.

1966 Listener 29 Dec. 959/2 I still think the best kind of Christmas show for children is pantomime. It is a form of total theatre—story, spectacle, ballet, song, revue sketch, comedians' jokes, audience-participation, even circus acts.

1967 Boston Sunday Herald 26 Mar. i. 34/2 Rather he is thought of as a human being who needs dentistry badly and one for whom total care is now available.

1969 Times 17 Oct. 17/4 Carlo Palazzi, who is a past-master of the total look..had all his men wearing saffron coloured clothes which mixed and, of course, matched.

1972 A. Bryant Bless this House iv. 44 Marabel Morgan..talked about her course entitled ‘The Total Woman’.

1973 M. Morgan Total Woman (1975) iv. 60 A Total Woman caters to her man's special quirks, whether it be in salads, sex, or sports.

1973 Times 30 July 20/3 They became convinced that developers and local authorities ought to concern themselves with engineering a ‘total’ environment for a community, of which the buildings themselves are only a part.

1974 Howard Jrnl. 14 86 Most total institutions leave their mark on those who devote their lives to them—the colonel, the sea captain, the public school headmaster, the monk and the nun are popular cultural stereotypes.

1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 2 May 477/5 The approach throughout is scholarly and thorough, no one period receiving less attention than any other. As one might expect, Roman and medieval features are fully treated, but so too are post~medieval and recent... This is total archaeology at its best.

1977 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 27 Oct. 46/3 (advt.) Professional man, 60, needs slender, total woman over 30 for September, 1978, fortnight Alaskan cruise.

1978 New Yorker 7 Aug. 45/1 In the past few years the Dutch have been the most thrilling [soccer] side to watch, playing a running game—‘total football’, it is called—with players interchanging positions and functions but always pressing forward on the attack.

1859 All Year Round 23 July 305 One of our adversaries scored 70 off his own bat: they totalled 138.

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Aug. 2/2 The proofs actually issued in neither case totalled 1,000.

1901 Cyclists' Touring Club Gaz. Oct. 389 A list [of accidents]..totals no less than twenty.

1880 Scotsman 24 Jan. For the whole of 1879 they probably totalled up to between 16 and 17 millions.

1896 Daily News 23 Jan. 7/5 Even the 5s. or 10s. required as deposit on each ticket must total to a large amount.