transparencyn.

/trɑːnsˈparənsi/

/transˈparənsi/

/trɑːnsˈpɛːrənsi/

/transˈpɛːrənsi/

Etymology: < medieval Latin transpārēntia (Du Cange), < transpārēnt-em : see transparent adj. and -ency suffix.

a. The quality or condition of being transparent; perviousness to light; diaphaneity, pellucidity. thermal transparency, perviousness to heat rays; diathermancy; cf. transparent adj. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [noun]

diaphanity1477

perspicuitya1500

sheerness1587

transparence1594

translucency1598

tralucency1599

transparency1615

clarity1616

pellucidity1642

diaphaneity1660

pellucidness1684

clearness1692

translucidity1694

translucidness1727

transparentness1727

translucence1755

see-through1954

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > clarity > [noun]

plainnessc1475

perspicuity?1529

lightsomeness1581

dilucidity1603

transparency1615

clarity1616

limpitude1623

perspicuousness1697

lucidness1836

lucidity1851

pellucidity1868

limpidity1870

limpidness1870

clear-cutness1871

luminousness1873

clearness1885

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 556 It is like a thinne and pollished horne of a Lanthorn, not only in transparencie by which meanes it receiueth the light, but also in his substance.

1651–3 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. for Year I. xviii. 238 His wife may, by seeing the beauties and transparency of that Crystall, dresse her minde and her body by the light of so pure reflexions.

1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 26 The Clearness and Transparency of the Stream.

1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 36 A stone with a transparency, or a kind of brightness.

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 141 Between transparency and opacity there would at first sight appear a direct opposition.

1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) vi. §313 The atmosphere is transparency itself.

1900 Jrnl. Soc. Dyers & Colourists 16 7 The particles retain their form and transparency.

figurative.1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present ii. i. 56 Written in its childlike transparency.1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. v. 120 The transparency of his talk..gave a charm even to his weaknesses.

b. Linguistics. The state or quality of being transparent (sense 2c). With reference to a phonological rule, opposed to opacity n. 3c.

ΚΠ

1971 P. Kiparsky in W. O. Dingwall Surv. Linguistic Sci. 621 Define the concept opacity of a rule as follows:..A rule A→B/C–D is opaque to the extent that there are surface representations of the form (i) A in environment C–D or (ii) B in environment other than C–D... Let us refer to the converse of opacity as transparency.

1975 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 20 175 Rules tend to be ordered so as to become maximally transparent, where transparency is the opposite of opacity.

1981 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 26 73 Transparency of the base word is an important factor in determining speakers' choice of neologism.

c. Of reproduced sound: the state or quality of being transparent (sense 3).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > [noun] > transparency > of reproduced sound

transparency1982

1982 E. Greenfield et al. New Penguin Stereo Record & Cassette Guide p. ix/2 Disc reproduction continues to offer a marginally greater range of sound and a more subtle inner transparency of detail than the equivalent tape.

1983 What Hi-Fi? Dec. 102/3 This £129 speaker offers a high quality of finish and a transparency and accuracy of sound that can compete with models twice the price.

d. The state or quality of transmitting or allowing the passage of sound waves without distortion (see transparent adj. 1b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > [noun] > transparency

transparency1983

society > communication > telecommunication > [noun] > signal > distortion > absence of

transparency1983

1983 What Hi-Fi? Dec. 113/3 The most impressive [feature] was the sheer transparency of the design.

1984 Gramophone Mar. 1086/1 The effect (emphasized by the transparency of the CD medium) is of sitting in a small room, very close to the cello and with the lid of the piano wide open.

a. That which is transparent; a transparent object or medium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [noun] > object or medium

transparency1591

transparence1635

diaphanal1653

pellucid1669

diaphane1844

hyaloid1844

1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso iii. xvi. 18 To make transparencies to meete in one, And so conuey the sunne beames where you will.

1785 W. Cowper Task v. 151 A watery light Gleamed through the clear transparency.

b. spec. A picture, print, inscription, or device on some translucent substance, made visible by means of a light behind.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > others by medium or technique > work

transparency1785

rock painting1852

dot painting1932

sand-picture1957

1785 J. Woodforde Diary 21 June (1926) II. 196 Went to Bunns Gardens... There was tolerable good Music, indifferent singing, some pretty transparencies and tolerable fire Works.

1801 Sporting Mag. 19 49/1 A transparency, in which a gardener at Hammersmith exhibited a Flower-pot, during the illuminations.

1807 E. Orme Essay Trans. (title) Essay on Transparent Prints, and on Transparencies in general.

1859 T. J. Gullick & J. Timbs Painting 9 A mode of painting ‘transparencies’ as they would now be called, on linen.

attributive.1855 W. Williams (title) Transparency painting on linen for decorative purposes.

c. A photograph or picture on glass or other transparent substance, intended to be seen by transmitted light. Also, used as an advertising sign. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > transparency

slide1819

transparency1866

tranny1979

1866 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 1 June 264/1 Many of these lantern transparencies had been enlarged from spots of these originals.

1874 Corbet Venus at Isle of Desolation 104 (Cassell) I took transparencies of the little photos. he took of my station.

1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 357/2 A negative or transparency is not fully developed much under 15 minutes.

1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 576 Various transparency printing frames.

1895 Cent. Mag. May 20/1 The Treasury had over its chief entrance a huge transparency which was a tolerable imitation of a ten-dollar..note.

1897 J. Nicol in Outing 30 496/2 The transparency plate and negative are placed in the printing frame exactly as in printing on paper.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 96/1 Advertising by posters, sign-boards,..transparencies, and similar devices.

1965 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 9 Feb. (1970) 239 The transparency I have..shows a real John Singleton Copley, of the best early American period.

1969 ‘E. Lathen’ When in Greece v. 49 He had brought slides..a veritable library of transparencies.

1973 ‘H. Howard’ Highway to Murder iv. 46 Like transparencies flashed on a screen I saw pictures of long ago.

†3. Heraldry. An outline figure, or the shadow of a charge, without the charge itself, painted the same colour as the field, but of a darker tint: = adumbration n. 4. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > outlined figure

umbration1486

adumbration1610

transparency1610

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. iii. 42 Adumbration or Transparency, is a cleere exemption of the substance of the Charge..in such sort, as that there remaineth nothing thereof to be discerned, but the..bare proportion of the outward lineaments thereof.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. vii. 65 The Orle..is an Ordinarie composed of a threefold line duplicated, admitting a Transparancie of the field, thorowout the..space therein enclosed.

1725 J. Coats New Dict. Heraldry (rev. ed.) at Adumbration Some term such Adumbration, Transparency.

4. A burlesque translation of the German title of address Durchlaucht: cf. serenity n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > mock title

sir1362

Mas'1575

gallantship1579

elderberriness1589

excelsitude1599

bellyship1600

rascalship1605

madamship1620

muttonship1632

merchantshipa1640

minxshipa1640

prerogativeship1645

fairship1647

mayorship1648

his tallness1656

curship1663

goodyship1663

Mamamouchi1672

lowness1687

ghostship?1689

lairdship1715

grandship1747

supremacy1766

honourableship1767

beautyship1772

gravityship1772

titularity1777

lordship1800

ethereality1806

elegancy1819

king1823

accidency1830

transparency1844

1844 W. M. Thackeray Barry Lyndon i. x, in Fraser's Mag. May 550/1 Dancing minuets..with lovely excellencies, nay, with highnesses and transparencies themselves.

1844 W. M. Thackeray Barry Lyndon i. x, in Fraser's Mag. May 553/1 Pippi..had kept back a note of hand ‘her High Transparency’ gave us.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lxii. 561 His Transparency the Duke and his Transparent family..come and occupy the great box in the middle.

1895 Westm. Gaz. 7 Feb. 2/1 During the sojourn of grand transparencies beneath your Derbyshire roof.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

单词	transparency
释义	transparencyn. /trɑːnsˈparənsi//transˈparənsi//trɑːnsˈpɛːrənsi//transˈpɛːrənsi/ Etymology: < medieval Latin transpārēntia (Du Cange), < transpārēnt-em : see transparent adj. and -ency suffix. 1. a. The quality or condition of being transparent; perviousness to light; diaphaneity, pellucidity. thermal transparency, perviousness to heat rays; diathermancy; cf. transparent adj. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [noun] diaphanity1477 perspicuitya1500 sheerness1587 transparence1594 translucency1598 tralucency1599 transparency1615 clarity1616 pellucidity1642 diaphaneity1660 pellucidness1684 clearness1692 translucidity1694 translucidness1727 transparentness1727 translucence1755 see-through1954 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > clarity > [noun] plainnessc1475 perspicuity?1529 lightsomeness1581 dilucidity1603 transparency1615 clarity1616 limpitude1623 perspicuousness1697 lucidness1836 lucidity1851 pellucidity1868 limpidity1870 limpidness1870 clear-cutness1871 luminousness1873 clearness1885 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 556 It is like a thinne and pollished horne of a Lanthorn, not only in transparencie by which meanes it receiueth the light, but also in his substance. 1651–3 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. for Year I. xviii. 238 His wife may, by seeing the beauties and transparency of that Crystall, dresse her minde and her body by the light of so pure reflexions. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 26 The Clearness and Transparency of the Stream. 1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 36 A stone with a transparency, or a kind of brightness. 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 141 Between transparency and opacity there would at first sight appear a direct opposition. 1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) vi. §313 The atmosphere is transparency itself. 1900 Jrnl. Soc. Dyers & Colourists 16 7 The particles retain their form and transparency. figurative.1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present ii. i. 56 Written in its childlike transparency.1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. v. 120 The transparency of his talk..gave a charm even to his weaknesses. b. Linguistics. The state or quality of being transparent (sense 2c). With reference to a phonological rule, opposed to opacity n. 3c. ΚΠ 1971 P. Kiparsky in W. O. Dingwall Surv. Linguistic Sci. 621 Define the concept opacity of a rule as follows:..A rule A→B/C–D is opaque to the extent that there are surface representations of the form (i) A in environment C–D or (ii) B in environment other than C–D... Let us refer to the converse of opacity as transparency. 1975 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 20 175 Rules tend to be ordered so as to become maximally transparent, where transparency is the opposite of opacity. 1981 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 26 73 Transparency of the base word is an important factor in determining speakers' choice of neologism. c. Of reproduced sound: the state or quality of being transparent (sense 3). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > [noun] > transparency > of reproduced sound transparency1982 1982 E. Greenfield et al. New Penguin Stereo Record & Cassette Guide p. ix/2 Disc reproduction continues to offer a marginally greater range of sound and a more subtle inner transparency of detail than the equivalent tape. 1983 What Hi-Fi? Dec. 102/3 This £129 speaker offers a high quality of finish and a transparency and accuracy of sound that can compete with models twice the price. d. The state or quality of transmitting or allowing the passage of sound waves without distortion (see transparent adj. 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > [noun] > transparency transparency1983 society > communication > telecommunication > [noun] > signal > distortion > absence of transparency1983 1983 What Hi-Fi? Dec. 113/3 The most impressive [feature] was the sheer transparency of the design. 1984 Gramophone Mar. 1086/1 The effect (emphasized by the transparency of the CD medium) is of sitting in a small room, very close to the cello and with the lid of the piano wide open. 2. a. That which is transparent; a transparent object or medium. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [noun] > object or medium transparency1591 transparence1635 diaphanal1653 pellucid1669 diaphane1844 hyaloid1844 1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso iii. xvi. 18 To make transparencies to meete in one, And so conuey the sunne beames where you will. 1785 W. Cowper Task v. 151 A watery light Gleamed through the clear transparency. b. spec. A picture, print, inscription, or device on some translucent substance, made visible by means of a light behind. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > others by medium or technique > work transparency1785 rock painting1852 dot painting1932 sand-picture1957 1785 J. Woodforde Diary 21 June (1926) II. 196 Went to Bunns Gardens... There was tolerable good Music, indifferent singing, some pretty transparencies and tolerable fire Works. 1801 Sporting Mag. 19 49/1 A transparency, in which a gardener at Hammersmith exhibited a Flower-pot, during the illuminations. 1807 E. Orme Essay Trans. (title) Essay on Transparent Prints, and on Transparencies in general. 1859 T. J. Gullick & J. Timbs Painting 9 A mode of painting ‘transparencies’ as they would now be called, on linen. attributive.1855 W. Williams (title) Transparency painting on linen for decorative purposes. c. A photograph or picture on glass or other transparent substance, intended to be seen by transmitted light. Also, used as an advertising sign. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > transparency slide1819 transparency1866 tranny1979 1866 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 1 June 264/1 Many of these lantern transparencies had been enlarged from spots of these originals. 1874 Corbet Venus at Isle of Desolation 104 (Cassell) I took transparencies of the little photos. he took of my station. 1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 357/2 A negative or transparency is not fully developed much under 15 minutes. 1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 576 Various transparency printing frames. 1895 Cent. Mag. May 20/1 The Treasury had over its chief entrance a huge transparency which was a tolerable imitation of a ten-dollar..note. 1897 J. Nicol in Outing 30 496/2 The transparency plate and negative are placed in the printing frame exactly as in printing on paper. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 96/1 Advertising by posters, sign-boards,..transparencies, and similar devices. 1965 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 9 Feb. (1970) 239 The transparency I have..shows a real John Singleton Copley, of the best early American period. 1969 ‘E. Lathen’ When in Greece v. 49 He had brought slides..a veritable library of transparencies. 1973 ‘H. Howard’ Highway to Murder iv. 46 Like transparencies flashed on a screen I saw pictures of long ago. †3. Heraldry. An outline figure, or the shadow of a charge, without the charge itself, painted the same colour as the field, but of a darker tint: = adumbration n. 4. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > outlined figure umbration1486 adumbration1610 transparency1610 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. iii. 42 Adumbration or Transparency, is a cleere exemption of the substance of the Charge..in such sort, as that there remaineth nothing thereof to be discerned, but the..bare proportion of the outward lineaments thereof. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. vii. 65 The Orle..is an Ordinarie composed of a threefold line duplicated, admitting a Transparancie of the field, thorowout the..space therein enclosed. 1725 J. Coats New Dict. Heraldry (rev. ed.) at Adumbration Some term such Adumbration, Transparency. 4. A burlesque translation of the German title of address Durchlaucht: cf. serenity n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > mock title sir1362 Mas'1575 gallantship1579 elderberriness1589 excelsitude1599 bellyship1600 rascalship1605 madamship1620 muttonship1632 merchantshipa1640 minxshipa1640 prerogativeship1645 fairship1647 mayorship1648 his tallness1656 curship1663 goodyship1663 Mamamouchi1672 lowness1687 ghostship?1689 lairdship1715 grandship1747 supremacy1766 honourableship1767 beautyship1772 gravityship1772 titularity1777 lordship1800 ethereality1806 elegancy1819 king1823 accidency1830 transparency1844 1844 W. M. Thackeray Barry Lyndon i. x, in Fraser's Mag. May 550/1 Dancing minuets..with lovely excellencies, nay, with highnesses and transparencies themselves. 1844 W. M. Thackeray Barry Lyndon i. x, in Fraser's Mag. May 553/1 Pippi..had kept back a note of hand ‘her High Transparency’ gave us. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lxii. 561 His Transparency the Duke and his Transparent family..come and occupy the great box in the middle. 1895 Westm. Gaz. 7 Feb. 2/1 During the sojourn of grand transparencies beneath your Derbyshire roof. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2020). < n.1591
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