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单词 tumour
释义

tumourtumorn.

Brit. /ˈtjuːmə/, /ˈtʃuːmə/, U.S. /ˈt(j)umər/
Etymology: < Latin tumor, -ōrem, swollen state, a swelling, < tumēre to swell; compare Old French tumour (14th cent. in Godefroy Compl.).
1. The action, or an act, of swelling; distension, increase of bulk; swollen condition. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > expansion or enlargement > [noun] > distension > swelling or swollenness
bolninga1340
bollingc1390
bossingc1440
tumour?1541
swelling1577
bulking1599
outswelling1611
swelth1631
turgescence1631
puffedness1648
intumescency1650
inturgescency1650
intumescence1656
obtumescence1657
bloatedness1660
tumefaction1666
turgescency1666
turgence1671
swell1683
tumidness1688
puffiness1699
tumidity1721
turgidity1732
inturgescence1755
tumescence1859
swollenness1902
?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Aiv, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens The..flesshe..whan with the euyl qualyte it hath tumour agaynst nature.
1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxv. iv. 267 The tumor of his veines and arteries stopped his spirits.
1671 R. Bohun Disc. Wind Contents The suddain tumours in the Lake of Geneva.
1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Reflect. Agric. xix. 72 in Compl. Gard'ner This Distension or Tumor of such tyed Branches.
2. concrete. A part rising above or projecting beyond the general level or surface; a swollen part or object; a swelling. Now rare or Obsolete except as in 3.In quot. 1678 applied to anything having bulk, i.e. occupying space.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > protuberance or rounded projection > [noun] > a protuberance or protuberant part
busta1250
bouging1398
gibbosityc1400
embossingc1430
breasta1450
belly1591
tumour1601
extuberance1607
belly-piece1609
embossment1610
outswelling1611
extuberation1615
protuberation1615
swelling1615
extuberancy1634
popple1635
protuberance1635
emboss1644
extancy1644
bump1653
protuberancy1653
protuberating1667
swell1683
bulge1741
boss1791
bulging1828
protuberosity1860
tuber1888
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. viii. xlv. 225 [The cattle] of Caria..are illfavoured to be seen, having between their necks & shoulders a tumor or swelling hanging over.
1647 H. More Philos. Poems Notes 151/2 The tumour [of water] at B is bigger then that at A.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 780 There are..Two kinds of Substances in the Universe, the First Corporeal,..are Nothing but ὄγκοι, Bulks, or Tumours, devoid of all Self-Active Power; the Second Incorporeal..are ἄογκοι δυνάμεις, Substantial Powers.
1692 R. Bentley Confut. Atheism from Struct. & Origin Humane Bodies: Pt. II 16 A like Ferment makes notable Tumors and Ventricles.
1847 W. E. Steele Handbk. Field Bot. 13 Style..thickened beneath its branches, and often fringed at the tumour.
3.
a. An abnormal or morbid swelling or enlargement in any part of the body of an animal or plant; an excrescence; a tumefaction. Now usually in restricted sense: see 3b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth
gall1398
elationc1420
dog rose1526
tumour?1541
to-growing1562
gall-nut1572
gall-apple1617
apple1668
by-fruit1682
witches' besom1849
witches' broom1856
mad-apple1868
nail gall1879
marble gall1882
gall-knob1892
scroll-gall1895
twig-gall1900
cecidium1902
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > swelling > [noun] > a swelling or protuberance
ampereOE
kernelc1000
wenc1000
knot?c1225
swella1250
bulchc1300
bunchc1325
bolninga1340
botcha1387
bouge1398
nodusa1400
oedemaa1400
wax-kernel14..
knobc1405
nodule?a1425
more?c1425
bunnyc1440
papa1450
knurc1460
waxing kernel?c1460
lump?a1500
waxen-kernel1500
bump1533
puff1538
tumour?1541
swelling1542
elevation1543
enlarging1562
knub1563
pimple1582
ganglion1583
button1584
phyma1585
emphysema?1587
flesh-pimple1587
oedem?a1591
burgeon1597
wartle1598
hurtle1599
pough1601
wart1603
extumescence1611
hulch1611
peppernel1613
affusion1615
extumescency1684
jog1715
knibloch1780
tumefaction1802
hunch1803
income1808
intumescence1822
gibber1853
tumescence1859
whetstone1886
tumidity1897
Osler's node1920
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > tumour
tumour?1541
tumour growth1880
secondary1952
the world > space > extension in space > expansion or enlargement > [noun] > distension > swelling or swollenness > a swollen thing or part
swellingOE
boil1481
tumour?1541
tympany1580
tuberosity1611
?1541 [see sense 1].
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxii. 214 To helpe the tumors which alwaies fulnes breedeth.
1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. ii. sig. C3 The Gout causeth a great tumor in a mans legges.
1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. iv. 31 Tumors and Excrescences of Plants..made by such Insects.
1758 B. Gooch Cases Surg. 17 A Species of tumor called by the common people the Mumps.
1874 J. Lubbock Orig. & Metamorphoses Insects i. 10 To produce a tumour or gall.
b. spec. A permanent circumscribed morbid swelling, consisting in a new growth of tissue, without inflammation.phantom tumour: see phantom tumour n. at phantom n. and adj. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 6 I shall restrict the surgical signification of the word ‘Tumour’ to such swellings as arise from some new production.
1807 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. I. ii. xxxviii. 337 The tumour being removed, the surgeon should examine the interior of the wound,... The surgeon should also examine the surface of every scirrhous tumour, immediately it is taken out.
1870 H. Maudsley Body & Mind 184 Certain colloid tumours have the structure of the umbilical cord.
1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) II. xviii. 26 Tumours of the pharynx or tonsils are occasionally met with.
4. figurative.
a. ‘Swelling’ of passion, pride, or the like; the condition of being ‘puffed up’; haughtiness, arrogance, vain-glory; inflated pride or conceit. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > swelling or inflation with pride > [noun]
bolninga1340
swellingc1386
inflation1526
tympany1581
tumour1599
typhus1643
puffiness1668
inflatedness1867
bloatednessc1875
1599 T. Heywood 1st Pt. King Edward IV sig. A3 If you resist this tumor of her will.
1636 H. Wotton Let. July in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 394 There is in him no tumour, no sowrenesse,..but a quiet mind.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 98. ⁋11 The tumour of insolence, or petulance of contempt.
1778 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. (1876) viii. 444 The tumour of this presumptuous loftiness.
b. Turgidity of language, style, or deportment; affected grandeur; bombast: = tumidity n. b. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [noun] > inflated or bombastic style
inflation1603
windinessa1613
ranting1633
tumoura1639
turgency1654
tympany1680
swell1744
turgidity1756
turgidness1757
tumidity1791
ráiméis1828
mouthiness1830
spread-eagleism1858
inflatedness1867
ampullosity1869
telegraphese1870
mouthing1876
Barnumese1889
intumescence1893
a1639 H. Wotton Parallel betweene Earle of Essex & Duke of Buckingham (1641) 8 His Stile was..rich of praise [1651 phrase],..and so farre from Tumor that it rather wanted a little Elevation.
1652 J. Hall tr. Longinus Περι Ὑψους 5 It appears one of the nicest cautions in all Speech to beware of Tumour.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 105. ⁋4 A slow pace, and tumour of dignity.
1840 T. De Quincey Style in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 17/1 Better..to be flippant, than, by a revolting habit of tumour and perplexity [etc.].
c. Something vain or empty; a ‘bubble’. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > insubstantial
triflec1290
vainc1330
winda1382
vapour1382
gossamer?a1400
visevase1481
good morrow1542
cobweb1579
superficial1579
puff1583
bladder1589
blathery1591
froth1594
bag of winda1599
moth1600
nominala1625
tumour1630
windlestraw1637
vacuity1648
balloon1656
blank1678
breath bubble1835
nominality1842
fluff1906
cotton candy1931
1630 P. Massinger Picture sig. B Nor is it in me meere desire of fame..that puts on my armour, Such aerie tumours take not me.
1662 Royal Trade of Fishing 15 I present you with no Chimeraes or tumors, toyes to please Children.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as tumour-cell, tumour-formation, tumour growth, tumour-mass, tumour symptom, etc.; tumour-like adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > tumour
tumour?1541
tumour growth1880
secondary1952
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > tumour > symptom of
tumour symptom1880
1880 R. Barwell Aneurism 116 Tumor symptoms on the left side of the chest.
1883 J. M. Duncan Clin. Lect. Dis. Women (ed. 2) ii. 6 A rounded, soft, tumour-like, mass.
1898 J. Hutchinson in Archives Surg. 9 295 Multiple Fractures..with Tumour Growths.
C2.
tumour virus n. a virus that causes tumours.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > [noun] > types of
latent virus1750
influenza virus1880
poxvirus1891
filter-passer1906
mosaic virus1914
bacteriophage1921
herpes virus1925
Rous sarcoma virus1925
Rous virus1925
papillomavirus1935
poliovirus1939
Semliki Forest virus1944
actinophage1947
mycophage1947
mengovirus1949
tumour virus1950
Zika1952
mycobacteriophage1953
Sindbis virus1953
myxovirus1954
echovirus1955
RNA virus1955
adenovirus1956
SV1956
arborvirus1957
enterovirus1957
foamy virus1957
respiratory syncytial virus1957
polyoma1958
parainfluenza1959
reovirus1959
arbovirus1960
cytomegalovirus1960
TMV1960
vacuolating agent or virus1960
Coxsackie virus1961
rhinovirus1961
RSV1961
papovavirus1962
paramyxovirus1962
picornavirus1962
mycophage1963
parvovirus1965
rhabdovirus1966
Ross River virus1966
coronavirus1968
EBV1968
Epstein–Barr virus1968
leukovirus1968
CMV1969
arenovirus1970
oncornavirus1970
togavirus1970
alphavirus1971
calicivirus1971
Dane particle1971
flavivirus1971
flavovirus1971
maedi1971
orbivirus1971
mycovirus1972
visna-maedi virus1972
flu virus1973
maedi-visna virus1973
corona1974
orthopoxvirus1974
rotavirus1974
whitepox1974
retravirus1975
Ebola virus1976
morbillivirus1976
retrovirus1976
Ebola1977
lentivirus1979
reassortant1979
HTLV1980
morbilli1981
filovirus1982
LAV1983
CV1985
HIV1986
HIV virus1987
C-192020
Covid2020
Covid-192020
CV-192020
1934 Lancet 21 July 117/2 Neutralising antibodies can be shown to be formed against fowl-tumour viruses.]
1950 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 8 495/2 There is no proof that tumor viruses are of a different nature from other viruses.
1982 Sci. Amer. Mar. 69/3 Some tumor viruses are oncogenic (that is, they induce tumors) only in animals that are not their host in nature, whereas other tumor viruses are oncogenic in their natural host.

Derivatives

tumoured adj. /ˈtjuːməd/ (also tumored) Obsolete affected with tumour or swelling, swollen (literal and figurative): const. as adj. or past participle.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > swelling or inflation with pride > [adjective]
to-bollenc1175
bolledc1375
bolnedc1380
swollenc1386
blown1483
puffed?a1500
inflate?1504
bellieda1533
bladder-puffed1549
uppuffed1573
huffling1582
swellinga1586
upblown1590
tumorous1603
windy1603
windy-headed1603
huffed1605
flown1606
huff-pufft1608
puff-pasted1610
turgid1620
turgent1621
high-blown1623
tympanous1625
bladdered1633
tympaneda1634
tumoured1635
tympanied1637
enormous1641
over-leaven1648
flatulent1658
tympany-like1658
huffy1677
tumefied1677
blubbered1699
full-blown1699
bloated1731
tympanitical1772
inflated1785
pompholygous1855
overblown1864
forblown-
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > swelling > [adjective]
swollenc1325
bolnedc1380
botchya1398
tumid?1541
tumefied1597
tumefacted1598
proud1607
tumoured1635
hobbeda1722
swelled1733
all of a lump1738
jogged1746
nodular1872
youstered1894
micronodular1960
macronodular1967
the world > space > extension in space > expansion or enlargement > [adjective] > distending > swelling > swollen
bollen?c1225
bolghena1250
swollenc1325
rank?a1400
forbolned1413
puff1472
voustyc1480
knule?a1513
puffed1536
boldenc1540
tumorous1547
bladder-like1549
hoven1558
forswollen1565
uppuffed1573
bolled1578
engrossed1578
heaved1578
puffy1598
swelleda1616
bloughty1620
inflate1620
tympanous1625
tumid1626
tumoured1635
tumefied1651
bloated1664
pluff1673
inflated1744
balloon-like?1784
bladdery1785
ballooned1820
bepuffeda1849
utriculate1860
pobby1888
1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells vi. 362 By his poys'nous draught which life expel'd I might behold his legs tumor'd and swell'd.
1639 R. Younge Sinne Stigmatizd 50 Such an one..seldome unbuttons his tumored breast.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. xix. 23) The greatest wealth..tumoured up with the greatest swelth of rebellion.

Draft additions 1993

tumour-inducing adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [adjective] > tumour > causing
oncogenic1941
tumour-inducing1942
tumorigenic1948
1942 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 28 469 Evidence is presented..that tissue fragments from such experimentally induced tumors retain undiminished their tumor-inducing capacity upon transplantation.
1974 Nature 8 Nov. 169/2 Here we determine whether the large plasmids present in crown gall-inducing Agrobacteria are essential to the tumour-inducing capacity of such strains.
ˈtumoural adj. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a tumour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [adjective] > tumour
wennish1614
tumoural1949
1949 in Blakiston's New Gould Med. Dict. Tumoral.
1956 Nature 10 Mar. 479/2 (caption) Fibrous tumoral effect.
1988 Cancer Surveys VII. 453 New biological markers which will allow the detection of..these precancerous lesions capable of tumoural development.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?1541
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