venomousadj.

Brit.

/ˈvɛnəməs/, U.S.

/ˈvɛnəməs/

Forms: α. Middle English venymus, venymouse, Middle English–1500s venymous, Middle English venymows, venymm(o)us ( vemynousse); Middle English uenimous, venimouse, Middle English, 1500s venimus, Middle English–1600s venimous; Middle English–1500s venemouse, Middle English–1700s venemous, Middle English Scottish venemus, Middle English–1500s Scottish vennemous; Middle English venamous, Scottish venamus, venamuse, 1600s Scottish ven'mowse. β. Middle English– venomous, Middle English Scottish wenomose, 1500s Scottish wennomus, vennomous, 1500s venumous, venoumous.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman venimus, venimous, = Old French (also modern French) venimeux , < venim venom n., after Latin venēnōsus: see venenous adj.

†1. figurative. Morally or spiritually hurtful or injurious; pernicious. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective]

litherc893

scathefulc900

balefulOE

orneOE

teenfulOE

evilc1175

venomousc1290

scathela1300

prejudiciala1325

fell?c1335

harmfula1340

grievous1340

ill1340

wicked1340

noisomea1382

venomed1382

noyfulc1384

damageousc1386

mischievousc1390

unwholesomea1400

undisposingc1400

damnablec1420

prejudiciable1429

contagiousc1440

damagefulc1449

pestiferous1458

damageable1474

pestilent?a1475

nuisable1483

nocible1490

nuisible1490

nuisant1494

noxiousa1500

nocent?c1500

pestilential1531

tortious1532

pestilentious1533

nocive1538

offensivea1548

vitiating1547

dangerous1548

offending1552

dispendious1557

injurious1559

offensible1575

offensant1578

baneful1579

incommodious1579

prejudicious1579

prejudical1595

inimicous1598

damnifiable1604

taking1608

obnoxious1612

nocivousc1616

mischieving1621

nocuous1627

nocumentous1644

disserviceable1645

inimical1645

detrimentous1648

injuring1651

detrimental1656

inimicitial1656

nocumental1657

incommodous1677

fatal1681

inimic1696

nociferous1706

damnific1727

inimicable1805

violational1821

insalutary1836

detrimentary1841

wronging1845

unsalvatory1850

damaging1856

damnous1870

wack1986

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > harmful or pernicious

baleOE

balefulc1175

venomousc1290

contagiousc1440

pestiferous1458

pestilent?a1475

perniciousc1475

pestilential1531

pestilentious1533

plaguey1574

deleterious1630

unedifying1641

perniciable1656

inedifying1659

unimproving1747

insalutary1836

unsalvatory1850

c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 120/484 Þat word me þinchez venimous to þe pays of þe londe.

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxlix. 2 To forsake þe venymous delitis of þis warld.

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 20 Venemouse lustis and likingis of deedly synnes.

c1490 W. Caxton Rule St. Benet (E.E.T.S.) 129 Yf ony be founde gylty in this venemouse offence of properte.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Fox l. 612 in Poems (1981) 27 Thir twa sinnis, flatterie and vaneglore, Ar vennomous.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Ovii^v The religious seruaunt of god..destroyeth by holy meditacion the flyes and spyders of venimous thoughtes.

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 99^v I will at large proue, that ther is nothing in loue more venemous than meeting.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 707 Saint German, who happily confuted that venemous Pelagian hæresie.

a. Containing, consisting or full of, infected with, venom; possessing poisonous properties or qualities; destructive of, harmful or injurious to, life on this account.Common from c1470 to c1650; now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective]

atternc950

atteryc1000

venomousc1330

atteringc1400

poisonous1425

venenousc1425

malice1447

toxicatec1475

poisonable?a1505

empoisoning1526

venomful1544

poisonful1547

poisoning1561

infectious1585

poisonsome1590

banefula1593

poisony1605

toxical1607

aconic1623

mephitic1623

intoxicative1632

venefic1646

toxic1664

venene1665

venenose1673

virose1680

mephitical1704

venefical1716

septinous1875

virific1885

nocuous1890

biocidal1932

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to venom > venomous

envenomedc1330

venomousc1330

venoma1350

poisoned1440

toadish1611

vipereousc1620

envenomous1624

veneniferous1656

venenifluous1891

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 16594 By passagers wel herde he seye Þe venimouse eyr was al a-weye.

c1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6751 Another manere of drynk þat es ille, Þat sal be bitter and venemus.

c1366 G. Chaucer A.B.C. 149 With thornes venymous, O heuene queen,..I am wounded.

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. v. 126 That they put in theyr medicynes no thynge venemous.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxiv. 88 Herbes..wherof the Iuse is passyng venymouse.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 198^v Of the venemous apples wherwith they poyson theyr arrowes.

1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxliii. 261 Not that the ayer is venomous of it selfe, but through corruption hath now gotten such a qualitie.

c1614 W. Mure tr. Virgil Dido & Æneas iii. in Wks. (1898) I. 108 Collecting als..The milkie poyson of each ven'mowse weed.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxix. 173 The fleshy parts being..by venomous matter obstructed.

1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 132 The cultivating of a Garden of venimous Plants.

1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna x. xxxviii. 231 On the heap Pour venomous gums.

1827 W. M. Praed in Port Folio 22 359/1 The trees and herbs that round it grew, Were venomous and foul.

†b. Of a wound, etc.: Marked or characterized by the presence of poisonous matter; foul with venom; envenomed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders caused by poisons > [adjective] > caused by or involving poison > of wounds

venomous1398

venomed1425

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xix. lvii Aȝens þe venemos posteme þat hatte antrax & aȝens oþer venemous postemes.

?1541 R. Copland Formularie of Helpes of Woundes & Sores in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens sig. Uj It shulde be an oyntment profitable to all sores that be venymous.

?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. T.v Leuen of whete breketh the venemouse humors and apostumes.

1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 363 A wound made by bullets is not venemous, nor alwaies bruised.

1702 L. Echard Gen. Eccl. Hist. i. i. 36 His Distemper daily encreas'd,..and he himself labour'd under..venomous Swellings in his Feet,..accompany'd with prodigious Itchings.

1707 I. Watts Hymns ii. cliii, in Poet. Wks. IV. 148 Sin like a venomous disease Infects our vital blood.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 196 When the serpent is irritated to give a venomous wound.

figurative.1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lii. 108 A soueraigne preseruatiue..from the venemous infection of heresie.

c. Of a bite or sting.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders caused by poisons > [adjective] > caused by or involving poison > of stings or bites

venomous1567

venomed1602

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 81 He ouerthrew The Serpent, and his vennemous stang.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 146 The biting of a Pike is venemous and hard to be cured.

1753 J. Bartlet Gentleman's Farriery xlii. 300 (heading) Of Venomous Bites from Vipers and Mad Dogs.

1787 T. Best Conc. Treat. Angling (ed. 2) 48 Be careful how you take a pike out of the water, for his bite is venomous.

†d. Harmful or injurious to something. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective] > to thing or person

grievous1398

injuriousa1513

nought1532

venomousa1616

sinister1726

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > to or for some thing or person

grievous1398

nought1532

naughty1573

poisonousa1616

venomousa1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. i. 24 Thy teares are salter then a yonger mans, And venomous to thine eyes.

1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 17 A Cancarous and Corroding substance, and venomous to Iron.

a. Of animals, esp. snakes, or their parts: Secreting venom; having the power or property of communicating venom by means of bites or stings; inflicting or capable of inflicting poisonous wounds in this way.Formerly in general literary use, now chiefly restricted to certain species of poisonous snakes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > substance or secretion and excretion > [adjective] > venomous

envenomedc1300

venomeda1382

of venoma1387

venomousa1387

envenomous1597

venomo-salivary1888

α.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 51 Yuel doers, corrupte ayre, wylde bestes and venemous woneþ þerynne.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) 199 Thanne have thei no drede of no Cocodrilles, ne of non other venymous Vermyn.

J. Metham Amoryus & Cleopes (1916) l. 1249 For off summe off thise serpentys, the eyn so venymmus be That with her loke thei slee yche erthly creature.

c1480 (a1400) St. Eugenia 396 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 135 Na serpent has a hed sa fel, sa venamuse, na sa cruel, as þe hed of þe colubre is.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xiv. 97 Irland is a grett Ilonde in whiche is no serpent ne venemous beeste.

c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 85 Like as the venemous spider bringeth forth her cobweb.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. vi. sig. Dd6 That beastes teeth, which..Are so exceeding venemous and keene.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. i. 13 Aduersitie Which like the toad, ougly and venemous, Weares yet a precious Iewell in his head.

1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 229 Those places subject thereunto shall be afflicted with water, and venemous Creatures.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ii. 314 We found..scorpions, which we supposed were venemous.

1798 Spirit of Public Jrnls., 1797 1 225 To sleep in a dungeon with venemous reptiles.

β. a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 105 in Poems (1981) 135 As scho ran all bairfut in ane bus, Scho trampit on a serpent wennomus.1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine i. i. 76 Triple Cerberus with his venomous throte.1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours iv. xxxviii. 271 If poyson, or some venomous creature be neare unto it, it sweats.1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 442 It..cures the bitings of venomous beasts.1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. ii. vi. 56 Many..of our European venemous Animals carry their Cure..in their own Bodies.1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 194 If it [sc. the serpent] has the fang teeth, it is to be placed among the venomous, class.1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 182 Serpents are divided into venomous and non-venomous; and the former are sub-divided into such as are venomous with several maxillary teeth, and those which are venomous with insulated fangs.1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter III. 23 The serpent had lifted his venomous crest from among the flowers.c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 301 The poisonous Snakes are divided into two groups—the Viperiform Snakes and the Venomous Colubrines.

b. figurative, chiefly with allusion to the Devil.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [adjective]

venomous1340

satanical1534

serpentinec1540

satanic1544

cloven-footed1622

Satanite1769

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 171 Þe uenimouse eddre of helle.

c1450 Mankind 40 in Macro Plays 2 Yt hath dyssoluyde mankynde from þe bittur bonde Of þe mortall enmye, þat vemynousse serpente.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxv The Earle of Northumberland..bare still a venemous scorpion in his cankered heart.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxix That venemous worme, that dreadfull dragon, called disdain of superioritie.

a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 239 The Devill,..that wicked and venimus serpent quho gois about to sie quhome he may catch.

a. figurative. Having the virulence of venom; rancorous, spiteful, malignant, virulent; embittered, envenomed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [adjective]

loathOE

teenfulOE

nithefulOE

ondfula1200

maliciousa1250

doggedc1300

enviousc1330

venomousa1340

venoma1350

spitous?a1366

despitousc1374

heinous?a1400

unkindlya1400

venomyc1400

sinister1411

sputousc1420

doggish?a1425

cankered?a1439

doggya1450

sinistrous1460

spity1481

despiteful1488

spiteful1490

despiteous?1510

viperious?1510

peevisha1522

envyful1530

viperous1535

viperinec1540

vipered1560

bad-minded1588

uncanny1596

dogged-sprighted1600

toothsome1601

maliced1602

ill-minded1611

virulent1613

ill-hearteda1617

doleful1617

spitish1627

ill-meaning1633

splenial1641

litherlya1643

venomsome1660

slim1668

cat-witted1672

vipereal1750

viperish1755

méchant1813

vicious1825

maliceful1840

mean1841

waspish1855

viperian1866

viperan1877

cattish1883

catty1886

bad mind1904

bitchy1908

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter x. 2 Þai haf redy in þaire hertis venymouse wordis and sharpe.

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxviii. 8 Þaim..þat..puttis away venomus tongis.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 27 Þe venimouse herte of þe enuiouse zeneȝeþ generalliche.

c1400 Rom. Rose 5528 With tonge woundyng, as feloun, Thurgh venemous detraccioun.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 56 It is not good to..take sodeyne acqueintaunce that hathe the herte of faire speche, for sum tyme her speche is deseyuable and venomous.

1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) li. 196 The venymouse malyce of the false traytoure Subyon.

1555 R. Eden in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde Pref. sig. bj^v To speake venemous woordes..ageynst the annoynted of god.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 13 The venemous mallice of my swelling hart.

1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Fenijnighlick, venommously, spightfully, or [with] a venomous envy.

a1721 M. Prior Session of Poets 36 That with very much Wit he no anger exprest Nor sharpen'd his Verse with a Venemous Jest.

1737 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 623/2 One R. C...sent me venemous Libels against the Great Man.

1857 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. II. 18 A venomous opposition was festering against him.

1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xii. 153 The most innocent intimacies would not have escaped misrepresentation from the venomous tongues of Roman society.

1885 Manch. Examiner 20 May 4/7 A venomous and scurrilous attack.

b. Of persons, their character, etc.

ΚΠ

?a1400 Morte Arth. 299 Of this grett velany I salle be vengede ones On ȝone venemus mene, wyth valiant knyghtes!

1567 R. Sempill Test. & Trag. King Henrie (single sheet) O wickit [women] vennomus of natuire.

1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 901/2 What shall men say, when a mortall man dareth thus to become venemous against God.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. ii. 71 [Of these] christian children Mahometised, the venemous nature is so great, mischieuous and pernitious.

1607 S. Hieron Good Fight in Wks. (1620) I. 225 [Satan is] a venimous aduersary to empoyson our soule.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) ii. §10 There are in the most depraved and venemous dispositions, certaine pieces that remaine untoucht.

1882 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. II. 244 His most bitter enemy, the venomous and unscrupulous Foxe.

1911 Blackwood's Mag. Aug. 221 The doctor seemed to me a venomous little creature.

†5. Treated with venom or poison; envenomed, poisoned. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > rendered poisonous

venomous?a1400

venomed?1402

intoxicatec1425

poisoneda1470

poisonc1475

empoisoned1544

intoxicated1558

impotionate1583

venenated1597

venenate1633

mephitized1794

?a1400 Morte Arth. 2570 With the venymous swerde a vayne has he towchede.

c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. i. 1 Thenne comme cruel dethe and smote me with his venemous darte.

a1470 J. Hardyng Chron. ii. cxxxix Kyng Rychard..Was hurt right ther, with dartes venemous.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde ii. i. f. 53 These people also, vse bowes and venemous arrowes.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 305 It is good against..venimous shot of dartes and arrowes.

1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes Ded. p. ix How farre the venime thereof (for it is a venimous arrow) may infect, who knowes?

6. Of or pertaining to, of the nature of, venom.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to venom

venomousc1425

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. clviii. 3135 Þai thoucht to gere Him with sum venamus poisoun Be distroyit.

1604 King James VI & I Counterblaste to Tobacco sig. B4 Tobacco..hath a certaine venemous facultie ioyned with the heate thereof.

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 159 There being a venemous quality in the paint.

1668 J. Owen Nature Indwelling-sin vi. 61 It is in the heart like poison that hath nothing to allay its venemous qualities, and so infects whatever it touches.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 195 The glands that serve to fabricate this venomous fluid.

1826 M. R. Mitford Our Village II. 182 It has a fine venomous smell,..and will certainly when stilled be good for something or other.

1887 A. M. Brown Treat. Animal Alkaloids i. 2 Gaspard and Stick..had detected a venomous principle in cadaverous extracts.

figurative.1572 T. Perry in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. 363 The God of Truth defend you..from the venomous Poyson of Lyars.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 41 Lyk a traytour he steilis in, that..he may saw his venumous poyson.1866 C. J. Vaughan Plain Words i. 10 The personal sins of each one of us..eating like a venomous poison into his soul.

Compounds

venomous-hearted, venomous-looking adjs.

ΚΠ

1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xv. 74 Several innocent Creatures might be intangled..in the insnaring Web of this venomous-hearted Spider.

1899 F. T. Bullen Way Navy 65 We sighted the enemy in the shape of one of those venomous-looking four-funnelled destroyers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	venomous
释义	venomousadj. Brit. /ˈvɛnəməs/, U.S. /ˈvɛnəməs/ Forms: α. Middle English venymus, venymouse, Middle English–1500s venymous, Middle English venymows, venymm(o)us ( vemynousse); Middle English uenimous, venimouse, Middle English, 1500s venimus, Middle English–1600s venimous; Middle English–1500s venemouse, Middle English–1700s venemous, Middle English Scottish venemus, Middle English–1500s Scottish vennemous; Middle English venamous, Scottish venamus, venamuse, 1600s Scottish ven'mowse. β. Middle English– venomous, Middle English Scottish wenomose, 1500s Scottish wennomus, vennomous, 1500s venumous, venoumous. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman venimus, venimous, = Old French (also modern French) venimeux , < venim venom n., after Latin venēnōsus: see venenous adj. †1. figurative. Morally or spiritually hurtful or injurious; pernicious. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective] litherc893 scathefulc900 balefulOE orneOE teenfulOE evilc1175 venomousc1290 scathela1300 prejudiciala1325 fell?c1335 harmfula1340 grievous1340 ill1340 wicked1340 noisomea1382 venomed1382 noyfulc1384 damageousc1386 mischievousc1390 unwholesomea1400 undisposingc1400 damnablec1420 prejudiciable1429 contagiousc1440 damagefulc1449 pestiferous1458 damageable1474 pestilent?a1475 nuisable1483 nocible1490 nuisible1490 nuisant1494 noxiousa1500 nocent?c1500 pestilential1531 tortious1532 pestilentious1533 nocive1538 offensivea1548 vitiating1547 dangerous1548 offending1552 dispendious1557 injurious1559 offensible1575 offensant1578 baneful1579 incommodious1579 prejudicious1579 prejudical1595 inimicous1598 damnifiable1604 taking1608 obnoxious1612 nocivousc1616 mischieving1621 nocuous1627 nocumentous1644 disserviceable1645 inimical1645 detrimentous1648 injuring1651 detrimental1656 inimicitial1656 nocumental1657 incommodous1677 fatal1681 inimic1696 nociferous1706 damnific1727 inimicable1805 violational1821 insalutary1836 detrimentary1841 wronging1845 unsalvatory1850 damaging1856 damnous1870 wack1986 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > harmful or pernicious baleOE balefulc1175 venomousc1290 contagiousc1440 pestiferous1458 pestilent?a1475 perniciousc1475 pestilential1531 pestilentious1533 plaguey1574 deleterious1630 unedifying1641 perniciable1656 inedifying1659 unimproving1747 insalutary1836 unsalvatory1850 c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 120/484 Þat word me þinchez venimous to þe pays of þe londe. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxlix. 2 To forsake þe venymous delitis of þis warld. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 20 Venemouse lustis and likingis of deedly synnes. c1490 W. Caxton Rule St. Benet (E.E.T.S.) 129 Yf ony be founde gylty in this venemouse offence of properte. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Fox l. 612 in Poems (1981) 27 Thir twa sinnis, flatterie and vaneglore, Ar vennomous. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Ovii^v The religious seruaunt of god..destroyeth by holy meditacion the flyes and spyders of venimous thoughtes. 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 99^v I will at large proue, that ther is nothing in loue more venemous than meeting. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 707 Saint German, who happily confuted that venemous Pelagian hæresie. 2. a. Containing, consisting or full of, infected with, venom; possessing poisonous properties or qualities; destructive of, harmful or injurious to, life on this account.Common from c1470 to c1650; now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] atternc950 atteryc1000 venomousc1330 atteringc1400 poisonous1425 venenousc1425 malice1447 toxicatec1475 poisonable?a1505 empoisoning1526 venomful1544 poisonful1547 poisoning1561 infectious1585 poisonsome1590 banefula1593 poisony1605 toxical1607 aconic1623 mephitic1623 intoxicative1632 venefic1646 toxic1664 venene1665 venenose1673 virose1680 mephitical1704 venefical1716 septinous1875 virific1885 nocuous1890 biocidal1932 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to venom > venomous envenomedc1330 venomousc1330 venoma1350 poisoned1440 toadish1611 vipereousc1620 envenomous1624 veneniferous1656 venenifluous1891 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 16594 By passagers wel herde he seye Þe venimouse eyr was al a-weye. c1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6751 Another manere of drynk þat es ille, Þat sal be bitter and venemus. c1366 G. Chaucer A.B.C. 149 With thornes venymous, O heuene queen,..I am wounded. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. v. 126 That they put in theyr medicynes no thynge venemous. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxiv. 88 Herbes..wherof the Iuse is passyng venymouse. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 198^v Of the venemous apples wherwith they poyson theyr arrowes. 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxliii. 261 Not that the ayer is venomous of it selfe, but through corruption hath now gotten such a qualitie. c1614 W. Mure tr. Virgil Dido & Æneas iii. in Wks. (1898) I. 108 Collecting als..The milkie poyson of each ven'mowse weed. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxix. 173 The fleshy parts being..by venomous matter obstructed. 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 132 The cultivating of a Garden of venimous Plants. 1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna x. xxxviii. 231 On the heap Pour venomous gums. 1827 W. M. Praed in Port Folio 22 359/1 The trees and herbs that round it grew, Were venomous and foul. †b. Of a wound, etc.: Marked or characterized by the presence of poisonous matter; foul with venom; envenomed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders caused by poisons > [adjective] > caused by or involving poison > of wounds venomous1398 venomed1425 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xix. lvii Aȝens þe venemos posteme þat hatte antrax & aȝens oþer venemous postemes. ?1541 R. Copland Formularie of Helpes of Woundes & Sores in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens sig. Uj It shulde be an oyntment profitable to all sores that be venymous. ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. T.v Leuen of whete breketh the venemouse humors and apostumes. 1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 363 A wound made by bullets is not venemous, nor alwaies bruised. 1702 L. Echard Gen. Eccl. Hist. i. i. 36 His Distemper daily encreas'd,..and he himself labour'd under..venomous Swellings in his Feet,..accompany'd with prodigious Itchings. 1707 I. Watts Hymns ii. cliii, in Poet. Wks. IV. 148 Sin like a venomous disease Infects our vital blood. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 196 When the serpent is irritated to give a venomous wound. figurative.1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lii. 108 A soueraigne preseruatiue..from the venemous infection of heresie. c. Of a bite or sting. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders caused by poisons > [adjective] > caused by or involving poison > of stings or bites venomous1567 venomed1602 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 81 He ouerthrew The Serpent, and his vennemous stang. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 146 The biting of a Pike is venemous and hard to be cured. View more context for this quotation 1753 J. Bartlet Gentleman's Farriery xlii. 300 (heading) Of Venomous Bites from Vipers and Mad Dogs. 1787 T. Best Conc. Treat. Angling (ed. 2) 48 Be careful how you take a pike out of the water, for his bite is venomous. †d. Harmful or injurious to something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective] > to thing or person grievous1398 injuriousa1513 nought1532 venomousa1616 sinister1726 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > to or for some thing or person grievous1398 nought1532 naughty1573 poisonousa1616 venomousa1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. i. 24 Thy teares are salter then a yonger mans, And venomous to thine eyes. View more context for this quotation 1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 17 A Cancarous and Corroding substance, and venomous to Iron. 3. a. Of animals, esp. snakes, or their parts: Secreting venom; having the power or property of communicating venom by means of bites or stings; inflicting or capable of inflicting poisonous wounds in this way.Formerly in general literary use, now chiefly restricted to certain species of poisonous snakes. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > substance or secretion and excretion > [adjective] > venomous envenomedc1300 venomeda1382 of venoma1387 venomousa1387 envenomous1597 venomo-salivary1888 α. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 51 Yuel doers, corrupte ayre, wylde bestes and venemous woneþ þerynne. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) 199 Thanne have thei no drede of no Cocodrilles, ne of non other venymous Vermyn. J. Metham Amoryus & Cleopes (1916) l. 1249 For off summe off thise serpentys, the eyn so venymmus be That with her loke thei slee yche erthly creature. c1480 (a1400) St. Eugenia 396 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 135 Na serpent has a hed sa fel, sa venamuse, na sa cruel, as þe hed of þe colubre is. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xiv. 97 Irland is a grett Ilonde in whiche is no serpent ne venemous beeste. c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 85 Like as the venemous spider bringeth forth her cobweb. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. vi. sig. Dd6 That beastes teeth, which..Are so exceeding venemous and keene. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. i. 13 Aduersitie Which like the toad, ougly and venemous, Weares yet a precious Iewell in his head. View more context for this quotation 1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 229 Those places subject thereunto shall be afflicted with water, and venemous Creatures. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ii. 314 We found..scorpions, which we supposed were venemous. 1798 Spirit of Public Jrnls., 1797 1 225 To sleep in a dungeon with venemous reptiles. β. a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 105 in Poems (1981) 135 As scho ran all bairfut in ane bus, Scho trampit on a serpent wennomus.1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine i. i. 76 Triple Cerberus with his venomous throte.1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours iv. xxxviii. 271 If poyson, or some venomous creature be neare unto it, it sweats.1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 442 It..cures the bitings of venomous beasts.1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. ii. vi. 56 Many..of our European venemous Animals carry their Cure..in their own Bodies.1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 194 If it [sc. the serpent] has the fang teeth, it is to be placed among the venomous, class.1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 182 Serpents are divided into venomous and non-venomous; and the former are sub-divided into such as are venomous with several maxillary teeth, and those which are venomous with insulated fangs.1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter III. 23 The serpent had lifted his venomous crest from among the flowers.c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 301 The poisonous Snakes are divided into two groups—the Viperiform Snakes and the Venomous Colubrines. b. figurative, chiefly with allusion to the Devil. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [adjective] venomous1340 satanical1534 serpentinec1540 satanic1544 cloven-footed1622 Satanite1769 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 171 Þe uenimouse eddre of helle. c1450 Mankind 40 in Macro Plays 2 Yt hath dyssoluyde mankynde from þe bittur bonde Of þe mortall enmye, þat vemynousse serpente. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxv The Earle of Northumberland..bare still a venemous scorpion in his cankered heart. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxix That venemous worme, that dreadfull dragon, called disdain of superioritie. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 239 The Devill,..that wicked and venimus serpent quho gois about to sie quhome he may catch. 4. a. figurative. Having the virulence of venom; rancorous, spiteful, malignant, virulent; embittered, envenomed. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [adjective] loathOE teenfulOE nithefulOE ondfula1200 maliciousa1250 doggedc1300 enviousc1330 venomousa1340 venoma1350 spitous?a1366 despitousc1374 heinous?a1400 unkindlya1400 venomyc1400 sinister1411 sputousc1420 doggish?a1425 cankered?a1439 doggya1450 sinistrous1460 spity1481 despiteful1488 spiteful1490 despiteous?1510 viperious?1510 peevisha1522 envyful1530 viperous1535 viperinec1540 vipered1560 bad-minded1588 uncanny1596 dogged-sprighted1600 toothsome1601 maliced1602 ill-minded1611 virulent1613 ill-hearteda1617 doleful1617 spitish1627 ill-meaning1633 splenial1641 litherlya1643 venomsome1660 slim1668 cat-witted1672 vipereal1750 viperish1755 méchant1813 vicious1825 maliceful1840 mean1841 waspish1855 viperian1866 viperan1877 cattish1883 catty1886 bad mind1904 bitchy1908 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter x. 2 Þai haf redy in þaire hertis venymouse wordis and sharpe. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxviii. 8 Þaim..þat..puttis away venomus tongis. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 27 Þe venimouse herte of þe enuiouse zeneȝeþ generalliche. c1400 Rom. Rose 5528 With tonge woundyng, as feloun, Thurgh venemous detraccioun. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 56 It is not good to..take sodeyne acqueintaunce that hathe the herte of faire speche, for sum tyme her speche is deseyuable and venomous. 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) li. 196 The venymouse malyce of the false traytoure Subyon. 1555 R. Eden in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde Pref. sig. bj^v To speake venemous woordes..ageynst the annoynted of god. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 13 The venemous mallice of my swelling hart. View more context for this quotation 1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Fenijnighlick, venommously, spightfully, or [with] a venomous envy. a1721 M. Prior Session of Poets 36 That with very much Wit he no anger exprest Nor sharpen'd his Verse with a Venemous Jest. 1737 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 623/2 One R. C...sent me venemous Libels against the Great Man. 1857 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. II. 18 A venomous opposition was festering against him. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xii. 153 The most innocent intimacies would not have escaped misrepresentation from the venomous tongues of Roman society. 1885 Manch. Examiner 20 May 4/7 A venomous and scurrilous attack. b. Of persons, their character, etc. ΚΠ ?a1400 Morte Arth. 299 Of this grett velany I salle be vengede ones On ȝone venemus mene, wyth valiant knyghtes! 1567 R. Sempill Test. & Trag. King Henrie (single sheet) O wickit [women] vennomus of natuire. 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 901/2 What shall men say, when a mortall man dareth thus to become venemous against God. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. ii. 71 [Of these] christian children Mahometised, the venemous nature is so great, mischieuous and pernitious. 1607 S. Hieron Good Fight in Wks. (1620) I. 225 [Satan is] a venimous aduersary to empoyson our soule. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) ii. §10 There are in the most depraved and venemous dispositions, certaine pieces that remaine untoucht. View more context for this quotation 1882 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. II. 244 His most bitter enemy, the venomous and unscrupulous Foxe. 1911 Blackwood's Mag. Aug. 221 The doctor seemed to me a venomous little creature. †5. Treated with venom or poison; envenomed, poisoned. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > rendered poisonous venomous?a1400 venomed?1402 intoxicatec1425 poisoneda1470 poisonc1475 empoisoned1544 intoxicated1558 impotionate1583 venenated1597 venenate1633 mephitized1794 ?a1400 Morte Arth. 2570 With the venymous swerde a vayne has he towchede. c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. i. 1 Thenne comme cruel dethe and smote me with his venemous darte. a1470 J. Hardyng Chron. ii. cxxxix Kyng Rychard..Was hurt right ther, with dartes venemous. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde ii. i. f. 53 These people also, vse bowes and venemous arrowes. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 305 It is good against..venimous shot of dartes and arrowes. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes Ded. p. ix How farre the venime thereof (for it is a venimous arrow) may infect, who knowes? 6. Of or pertaining to, of the nature of, venom. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to venom venomousc1425 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. clviii. 3135 Þai thoucht to gere Him with sum venamus poisoun Be distroyit. 1604 King James VI & I Counterblaste to Tobacco sig. B4 Tobacco..hath a certaine venemous facultie ioyned with the heate thereof. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 159 There being a venemous quality in the paint. 1668 J. Owen Nature Indwelling-sin vi. 61 It is in the heart like poison that hath nothing to allay its venemous qualities, and so infects whatever it touches. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 195 The glands that serve to fabricate this venomous fluid. 1826 M. R. Mitford Our Village II. 182 It has a fine venomous smell,..and will certainly when stilled be good for something or other. 1887 A. M. Brown Treat. Animal Alkaloids i. 2 Gaspard and Stick..had detected a venomous principle in cadaverous extracts. figurative.1572 T. Perry in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. 363 The God of Truth defend you..from the venomous Poyson of Lyars.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 41 Lyk a traytour he steilis in, that..he may saw his venumous poyson.1866 C. J. Vaughan Plain Words i. 10 The personal sins of each one of us..eating like a venomous poison into his soul. Compounds venomous-hearted, venomous-looking adjs. ΚΠ 1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xv. 74 Several innocent Creatures might be intangled..in the insnaring Web of this venomous-hearted Spider. 1899 F. T. Bullen Way Navy 65 We sighted the enemy in the shape of one of those venomous-looking four-funnelled destroyers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c1290
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