vermilionn.adj.

Brit.

/vəˈmɪlɪən/, U.S.

/vərˈmɪljən/

Forms: α. Middle English vermelyon, 1500s vermeleon, vermeleoun; Middle English vermilyon, Middle English vermylyoun, Middle English–1500s vermylyon(e, 1500s vermylion; Middle English vermilioun, Middle English– vermilion (1500s–1600s vermilian, 1600s virmilion); Middle English vermeon, vermion; 1500s vermiglion. β. Middle English vermeillone, Middle English vermelone, Middle English–1600s vermelon, 1500s Scottish vermeloun; Middle English vermylone, Middle English fer-, Middle English vermyloun, Middle English–1500s vermylon; Middle English vermulon, Middle English vermilon(e, vermiloun; also 1500s vermelonde, Scottish wermeling, wermyling. γ. 1500s–1800s vermillion, 1600s virmillion.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French vermeillon, vermillon, vermilo(u)n, etc. (modern French vermillon , = Provençal vermeillon , vermillon , vermelho , Catalan bermello , Spanish bermellon , bermillon , vermellon , Portuguese vermelhaõ , Italian vermiglione ), < vermeil vermeil adj. Hence also Dutch vermiljoen, Danish and Swedish vermilion.With the forms vermeon, vermion compare medieval Latin vermeum, variant of vermellum, etc. With the form vermiglion compare Italian vermiglione.

A. n.

a. Cinnabar or red crystalline mercuric sulphide, esp. in later use that obtained artificially, much valued on account of its brilliant scarlet colour, and largely used as a pigment or in the manufacture of red sealing-wax; also, any red earth resembling this and similarly used as a pigment.In early use rendering Latin minium and occasionally confused with ‘red lead’ (as in quot. 1546 at β. ): see minium n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > cinnabar or vermilion

vermilion1296

cinnabara1382

miniuma1398

vermily1590

vermeil1610

minion1621

orange vermilion1864

α.

1296 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 5/20 m. 4 In duabus libris de Vermelyon emptis.

1336–7 in F. R. Chapman Sacrist Rolls Ely (1907) II. 83 In ij libris de vermilioun empt.

1399 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 129 In j lib. de vermion emp. pro prædicto vale [= veil], 22d.

a1400–50 Alexander 3945 Þan come a fliȝtir in of fowls as fast as it dawid, To vise on as vowtres, as vermeon hewid.

14.. MS. Harl. 2257 Miniographus, a writer with vermion. Minium est genus coloris rubei,..anglice vermion.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 508 Vermylyone, minium.

1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy Adm. i. in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 189 Many Experyments I have had in hond;..Which I wyll tell the rehersyng sone: Begynnyng wyth Vermylion.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Kk.j All the Decade was written with blacke ynke, and these wordes with redde vermylyon.

1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 355 Cinoper or vermilion which the paynters vse in certeyne coloures.

1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. C4 Paynters coulde not..make away theyr Vermiglion, if tallowe faced whoores vsde it not for their cheekes.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §291 Metals give Orient and fine Colours..in their Putrefactions or Rusts, as Vermilion, Verde-grease [etc.].

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. 119 This will be..as ready to you, as if these Letters were painted out for you in Vermilion.

1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 82 Cinabar finely levigated acquires a much brighter red colour, and is known to painters by the name of Vermilion.

1841 W. M. Thackeray Great Hoggarty Diamond xii All this while Mary was anxiously looking in his face,..as pale as death; while Gus..was as red as vermilion.

1871 A. B. Garrod Essentials Materia Medica (new ed.) 103 Dark scarlet shining crystalline masses, forming, when powdered, a beautiful scarlet colour, known by the name of vermilion.

β. 1300–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 503 In tribus libr. Gummi, di. li. de vermiloun, 3s.1356 Pipe Roll 32 Edw. III m. 33/2 b In..ij. clench' hamers, iiij. boltes ferri,..xxxj. lb. de vermeillone.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 63 Of the..strondes of þe Reed See is i-gadered vermylon.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 331 And þere is i-founde scharpe fermyloun [L. minium].c1400 Pety Job 580 in 26 Pol. Poems 139 Ynke blak or rede, Made with gumme and vermylone.1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy ii. 4717 We may al day oure colour grynde & bete, Tempre our azour and vermyloun.c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll 470 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 237 Robertes clothes were readde as vermulon.1505–6 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1901) III. 184 For iij di. pund vermeloun to him, xiiij s.1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke ii. xiv. 59 b Vermilon or redde lead was founde in Ephesus by Gallius an Athenien.1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 98 The Parret..about hir necke..hath a Collar or Chaine naturally wrought like to Sinople or Vermelon.1610 Bible (Douay) II. Isa. i. 18 If they be red as vermelon, they shal be white as wooll.γ. 1594 H. Plat Jewell House 46 Mingle..Vermillion with Masticke for a red colour.1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xi. 237 Quicke-silver is found in a kinde of stone, which dooth likewise yeelde Vermillion.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 104 I'le onely now embosse my Booke with Brasse, Dye't with Vermilion, deck't with Coperasse.1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 112 Calices..made of Gold, Vermillion, and silver.1780 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) IV. i. 4 New cloathing them in vermilion and ultramarine.1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) IV. 397 Dust the colour of vermillion.1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1278 The vermillion of commerce is often adulterated with red lead, brickdust, dragon's blood, and realgar.1865 H. Watts Dict. Chem. III. 912 Mercuric Sulphide,..in the latter [crystallised state],..has a fine red colour and constitutes the well-known pigment called cinnabar or vermillion.

b. Used as a cosmetic or for painting the body.In later use chiefly with reference to the ‘war-paint’ of the American Indians.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > paints or colours > reddening

reda1398

cloth of Levant1497

red leather1545

safflower1583

cheek-varnish1598

vermilion1600

rubric1650

rud1651

Spanish wool1678

French reda1680

saffranon1731

French rouge?1745

rouge1746

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 144 The morrow after a companie of women goe to dresse the bride, to combe her locks, and to paint her cheekes with vermillion.

a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) iii. 35 The old wrinckles are well fild up, but the Vermilion is seene too thick.

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi vi. 300 Camillus, when he triumphed in Rome, was painted with this Vermilion.

1788 Encycl. Brit. I. 542/2 A thick coat of vermilion commonly distinguishes the [Red Indian's] cheeks.

1809 A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada 247 The men were almost entirely naked, and their bodies painted with a red ochre, procured in the mountains, and often called vermilion.

1836 W. Irving Astoria II. 71 Happy was he who could render himself hideous with vermilion.

1843 F. Marryat Narr. Trav. M. Violet II. vi. 121 When does a Comanche turn his back on receiving the vermilion from his chief? Never!

a. The colour of this pigment; a bright red or scarlet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > bright red or scarlet

cockea1382

coccyn1382

coctin1382

vermiliona1400

scarlet-redc1405

sinoper1412

scarletc1440

sinople?c1450

vermeletc1530

lusty gallant1587

vermeil1590

vermeil red1590

minium1601

cinnabar?1614

cochineal1632

poppy red1679

poppy colour1705

cherry-colour1720

ponceau1782

Turkey red1789

pinkc1791

coquelicot1795

poppy1796

cherry-red1802

vermilion-red1815

cardinal scarlet1828

geranium1842

dahlia1846

cardinal red1850

cerise1858

cardinal1874

scarlet-crimson1882

vermilion-scarlet1882

pillar box1894

Turkish red1900

signal red1909

fuchsia1923

a1400–50 Alexander 4336 Nouthire to toly ne to taunde transmitte we na vebbis, To vermylion ne violett ne variant littis.

1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) ii. xiii. 51 b Fenix as Clerkes eke endite Found fyrst the colour of vermilion.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 284/2 Vermylon, reed colour, uermillon.

1587 A. Day Longus's Daphnis & Chloe sig. E2 A vermillion more perfect, than rested in the freshe springing rose.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. D8^v Streames of blood..With which the armes, that earst so bright did show, Into a pure vermillion now are dyde.

1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) i. ii. 19 Amongst Colours..this Colour, Vermilion, or Red hath the prime place.

1647 J. Hall Poems i. 52 A Rose can more Vermilion speake, Then any cheeke.

1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 20 His long Chin prov'd his Wit; his Saintlike Grace A Church Vermilion, and a Moses's Face.

1708 J. Ozell tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin 30 Streight the Vermillion vanish'd from her Face.

1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 230 The blood became of a brighter vermilion.

1822 M. A. Kelty Osmond I. 274 The soft vermillion..of her complexion.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xv. 255 The negroes of Nubia—with their bodies painted half white, half vermilion.

1882 Garden 23 Dec. 548/1 The colour is a vivid vermilion.

†b. A blush. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [noun] > with blushing

blushing1581

flushing1590

suffusion1700

flush1706

bloom1752

mantling1753

rouge1759

hectic1768

vermilion1787

smoking1862

mantle1897

1787 Minor iii. ix. 183 Miss Charlotte..never beheld me without the vermillions increasing in her cheeks.

†3.

a. (Rendering Latin vermiculum.) Wool or yarn of a red or scarlet colour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > woollen > red or scarlet

vermicle1382

vermiliona1425

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Lev. xiv. 4 He schal comaunde to the man which is clensid, that he offre for hymsilf..a tree of cedre, and vermylyoun, and isope.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. xxxv. 25 Tho thingis, whiche thei hadden spunne, iacynt, purpur, and vermyloun, and bijs.

†b. A fabric dyed with vermilion. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric of specific colour > [noun] > pink or red

redc1275

sanguine1319

Brazil1389

crimson1416

murrey1530

carnadine1598

vermiliona1640

pompadour1761

a1640 L. Roberts Treasure of Traffike (1641) 33 They buy Cotton wooll, in London,..and perfit it into Fustians, Vermilions, Dymities, and other such Stuffes.

†4. A red or reddish coloured variety of pear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of

calewey1377

honey peara1400

pome-pear1440

pome-wardena1513

choke-pear1530

muscadel1555

worry pear1562

lording1573

bon-chrétienc1575

Burgundian pear1578

king pear1585

pound pear1585

poppering1597

wood of Jerusalem1597

muscadine1598

amiot1600

bergamot1600

butter pear1600

dew-pear1600

greening1600

mollart1600

roset1600

wax pear1600

bottle pear1601

gourd-pear1601

Venerian pear1601

musk pear1611

rose pear1611

pusill1615

Christian1629

nutmeg1629

rolling pear1629

surreine1629

sweater1629

amber pear1638

Venus-pear1648

horse-pear1657

Martin1658

russet1658

rousselet1660

diego1664

frith-pear1664

maudlin1664

Messire Jean1664

primate1664

sovereign1664

spindle-pear1664

stopple-pear1664

sugar-pear1664

virgin1664

Windsor pear1664

violet-pear1666

nonsuch1674

muscat1675

burnt-cat1676

squash pear1676

rose1678

Longueville1681

maiden-heart1685

ambrette1686

vermilion1691

admiral1693

sanguinole1693

satin1693

St. Germain pear1693

pounder pear1697

vine-pear1704

amadot1706

marchioness1706

marquise1706

Margaret1707

short-neck1707

musk1708

burree1719

marquis1728

union pear1728

Doyenne pear1731

Magdalene1731

beurré1736

colmar1736

Monsieur Jean1736

muscadella1736

swan's egg1736

chaumontel1755

St Michael's pear1796

Williams1807

Marie Louise1817

seckel1817

Bartlett1828

vergaloo1828

Passe Colmar1837

glou-morceau1859

London sugar1860

snow-pear1860

Comice1866

Kieffer pear1880

sand pear1880

sandy pear1884

snowy pear1884

1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 166 Pears..Ambrosia, Vermilian, Lunsac.

†5. (Also vermilion-stone.) A particular gem or precious stone. Cf. vermeil n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > less identifiable gems > [noun] > red or orange stone

carbuncleeOE

jacounce?a1366

pyropec1400

anthracites1535

jacinth1555

vermilion-stone1703

pigeon's blood1865

1703–4 in J. Ashton Social Life Reign of Queen Anne (1882) I. xiv. 181 Several Gold Rings set with Turky and Vermillions.

a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) i. 191 The Common Crystal..appears to be the Basis..of the Opal,..the Jacinth, the Vermilion.

1747 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 504 The Vermilion-Stone is more tawny than the Jacinth.

B. adj.

a. Having the colour of vermilion; of a bright red or scarlet colour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet

scarletc1386

puniceousa1398

vermeilc1400

corala1522

Punic?1553

orient1578

vermilion1589

wax-red1593

cherry-red1594

Punical1606

coralline?1608

scarleted1641

coccineous1654

cinnabrianc1668

poppy-coloured1677

miniaceous1688

phoeniceous1688

cherry-coloured1695

coral-red1700

cardinal1755

cherried1762

ponceau1774

punicean1786

cinnabar1807

geraniumed1819

miniatous1826

cardinal scarlet1828

vermilion-coloured1835–6

geranium-coloured1836

pink1846

cardinal red1850

lobster-red1856

phoenicean1857

magenta1877

angered1878

scarlet-vermilion1882

tomato1889

camellia-red1890

miniate1891

nasturtium-red1896

sealing-wax1912

1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. E^v Shee..died her cheekes with such a vermilion blush.

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion x. 160 The pure vermillion bloud, that issu'd from her vaines.

1639 G. Daniel Vervicensis 442 Let, let, that fatall Day record my Name, In bright vermilion Letters.

1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses 101 For the good ship with the vermilion cheeks The Cyclopses have not.

a1721 M. Prior Vicar of Bray & Sir T. More ⁋64 A lusty young Fellow with large white Teeth, and a Vermillion countenance.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall VI. lxvii. 462 The Greek monarch..with his own hand impressed three vermillion crosses on the golden bull.

1853 C. Brontë Villette II. vii. 17 How warm [the room] in its amber lamp-light and vermilion fire-flush!

1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent II. vi. 167 The handiwork of their artisans in copper and iron and wood, the vermilion camwood.

in combination.1818 J. Keats Endymion ii. 58 All my clear-eyed fish, Golden, or rainbow-sided, or purplish, Vermilion-tail'd.

†b. Painted with vermilion; rouged. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [adjective] > painted or coloured > with a reddening agent

vermilioned1615

vermilion1632

ruddled1691

rouged1772

raddled1794

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. i. 27 These vermillion Nymphs, to let me vnderstand they trauelled with a chearefull stomacke, would oft runne races.

c. With names of colours, as vermilion-crimson, vermilion-red, vermilion-scarlet, vermilion-tawny, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > bright red or scarlet

cockea1382

coccyn1382

coctin1382

vermiliona1400

scarlet-redc1405

sinoper1412

scarletc1440

sinople?c1450

vermeletc1530

lusty gallant1587

vermeil1590

vermeil red1590

minium1601

cinnabar?1614

cochineal1632

poppy red1679

poppy colour1705

cherry-colour1720

ponceau1782

Turkey red1789

pinkc1791

coquelicot1795

poppy1796

cherry-red1802

vermilion-red1815

cardinal scarlet1828

geranium1842

dahlia1846

cardinal red1850

cerise1858

cardinal1874

scarlet-crimson1882

vermilion-scarlet1882

pillar box1894

Turkish red1900

signal red1909

fuchsia1923

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson

crimson madderOE

purpureOE

murrey1305

tuly1398

oxblood?1440

crimson?a1475

sanguinea1500

carnation?1533

murrey colour1537

purple-red1565

ruby1572

sanguine red1601

velvet-crimson1646

lake1660

lac1682

rubine1704

madder red1728

ruby-red1738

granate1750

palm-colour1773

morone1777

carmine1799

vinaceous1819

incarnadine1821

crimsoning1833

pigeon's blood1865

solferinoc1865

Burgundy1881

sang-de-bœuf1881

vermilion-crimson1882

claret1884

royal red1890

wine1895

pigeon ruby red1897

Bordeaux1904

peony1914

madder crimson1991

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 411 With mercury, a vermillion red; with silver, a carmine red.

1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 246 Rump and upper coverts vermilion-red.

1882 Garden 15 July 57/3 Well formed flowers of a brilliant vermilion-crimson.

1882 Garden 14 Oct. 347/2 The colour being a vivid vermilion-scarlet.

1887 W. Phillips Man. Brit. Discomycetes 85 Peziza asperior... Scattered, vermilion-tawny, applanate.

Compounds

C1. vermilion-dyed, vermilion-like adjs.

ΚΠ

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) iii. 125 b Those dawbed, pargetted, vermilion died faces.

1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. Vermillion like, roodtachtigh.

C2.

† vermilion-writer n. Obsolete a scribe or illuminator using vermilion.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > writer > manuscript illuminator > [noun]

luminer1330

limner1389

vermilion-writerc1470

alluminor?1533

illuminera1661

illuminator1699

illuminist1816

illuminatist1845

miniaturist1851

miniator1865

c1470 Cath. Angl. 400 A vermylon wrytter, minographus.

C3. attributive with colour, etc. (passing into the adjective); hence in combinations, as vermilion-coloured.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet

scarletc1386

puniceousa1398

vermeilc1400

corala1522

Punic?1553

orient1578

vermilion1589

wax-red1593

cherry-red1594

Punical1606

coralline?1608

scarleted1641

coccineous1654

cinnabrianc1668

poppy-coloured1677

miniaceous1688

phoeniceous1688

cherry-coloured1695

coral-red1700

cardinal1755

cherried1762

ponceau1774

punicean1786

cinnabar1807

geraniumed1819

miniatous1826

cardinal scarlet1828

vermilion-coloured1835–6

geranium-coloured1836

pink1846

cardinal red1850

lobster-red1856

phoenicean1857

magenta1877

angered1878

scarlet-vermilion1882

tomato1889

camellia-red1890

miniate1891

nasturtium-red1896

sealing-wax1912

1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 327 The face is painted with a vermillion colour.

1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion iii. 56 It was of a Vermilian colour like blood.

a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 465 Modesty..is a tincture of Humility, visible in a vermilion and deeper die.

1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ddddv/1 A vermilion Tincture, Couleur vermeille.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals x, in tr. Virgil Wks. 46 Great Pan arriv'd;..His Cheeks and Temples of Vermilion Hue.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Vermillion-Tincture, a Natural red Die upon the Face; a Cherry-red.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Kermes Unless, perhaps, it be so call'd from its beautiful Vermillion Colour.

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) III. 381 Of a vermilion hue.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 414 If vermilion-coloured blood be subjected to the action of carbonic acid.

1856 J. S. Henslow Dict. Bot. Terms 107 Miniatus (of a vermillion colour).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

vermilionv.

Brit.

/vəˈmɪlɪən/, U.S.

/vərˈmɪljən/

Forms: Also 1600s–1800s vermillion, 1600s virmilion.

Etymology: < vermilion n. Compare Old French vermeilloner, later and modern French vermilloner.

a. transitive. To colour or paint with, or as with, vermilion; to give the colour of vermilion to (the face, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > with dye, stain, or pigment

purple?a1475

ruddle1538

bloody1590

sanguine1591

scutchanele1596

vermeil1596

vermilion1606

gule1609

incarnadinea1616

raddle1631

vermilion1656

bow-dyea1658

reddle1663

miniate1670

rud1680

tiver1792

red-ochre1805

roucou1817

vermilionize1854

red-lead1871

1606 W. Warner Continuance Albions Eng. xvi. ci. 400 Nay, why should faces faire indeed bo-peepe behinde a Fanne, Or be conceild in Satten, now Vermiliond, now drugd wanne.

1740 tr. C. de F. de Mouhy Fortunate Country Maid II. 84 I disprov'd of the Red with which their Faces were vermillion'd.

1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans IV. 215 Lusty lovely health vermillions the honest cheek.

a1772 Ess. from Batchelor (1773) I. 93 When a blush vermilions the face of a well-bred woman.

1812 G. Colman Poet. Vagaries 79 A transient hectick spread, Vermillioning Health's softer red.

a1849 J. C. Mangan Sel. Poems (1897) 105 The pall of the sunset fell, Vermilioning earth and water.

figurative.1667 Direct. to Painter 38 Vermilion this mans guilt, ceruse his fears.a1849 J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 154 By thee [sc. Hope] are his visions vermillioned.

b. Const. over (o'er).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > with dye, stain, or pigment

purple?a1475

ruddle1538

bloody1590

sanguine1591

scutchanele1596

vermeil1596

vermilion1606

gule1609

incarnadinea1616

raddle1631

vermilion1656

bow-dyea1658

reddle1663

miniate1670

rud1680

tiver1792

red-ochre1805

roucou1817

vermilionize1854

red-lead1871

1656 S. Holland Don Zara i. v. 43 That lip..was not Vermillion'd over for any to kiss.

1697 W. Congreve Mourning Bride ii. i. 24 Chafing Thy temples, till reviving Blood arose, And like the Morn, vermilion'd o'er thy Face.

1769 W. Jackson in Monthly Rev. 42 171 The choicest fruits..vermillioned over with maiden blushes.

c. slang. To cover or besmear with blood.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > stain or smear with blood

bebloodyc1210

bebleedc1230

begore?1518

blood1522

imbrue1529

bloody1530

gore1566

engore1593

sanguine1610

gild1614

beblood1623

bleed1634

ensanguine1667

bloodstain1798

vermilion1817

imbue1850

1817 Sporting Mag. 50 53 Holt's face was completely vermillioned.

2. intransitive. To blush. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [verb (intransitive)] > blush

redOE

rudOE

glowc1386

blushc1450

colour1616

paint1631

reddena1648

vermilion1699

mantle1707

flush1709

crimson1780

rouge1780

ruddy1845

smoke1862

mount1894

rose1922

1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word)

Derivatives

verˈmilioned adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [adjective] > painted or coloured > with a reddening agent

vermilioned1615

vermilion1632

ruddled1691

rouged1772

raddled1794

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > [adjective] > made red > by dye, stain, or pigment

redOE

purpureda1382

in grainc1386

purpledc1450

engored1602

encrimsoned1609

vermeiled1616

raddled1656

ruddled1691

vermilioned1725

incrimsoned1831

incarmined1863

carmined1893

1615 A. Niccholes Disc. Marriage & Wiving vii. 21 To what end is the laying out of the embrodred haire, embared breasts, virmilioned cheekes, alluring lookes [etc.].

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Verjuice The Secret how to keep Verjuice Grapes, as vermillion'd and as fresh as if they were growing.

1773 J. Ross Fratricide (MS) v. 697 Those once-vermillion'd lips now pale with death!

1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Acharnians i. i, in Comedies 11 The citizens are..running up and down, To get away from the vermilion'd rope.

1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xxv Then, pink flesh, hazel eyes, vermilioned lips, and glossy hair had preferred incontestable claims to beauty.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	vermilion
释义	vermilionn.adj. Brit. /vəˈmɪlɪən/, U.S. /vərˈmɪljən/ Forms: α. Middle English vermelyon, 1500s vermeleon, vermeleoun; Middle English vermilyon, Middle English vermylyoun, Middle English–1500s vermylyon(e, 1500s vermylion; Middle English vermilioun, Middle English– vermilion (1500s–1600s vermilian, 1600s virmilion); Middle English vermeon, vermion; 1500s vermiglion. β. Middle English vermeillone, Middle English vermelone, Middle English–1600s vermelon, 1500s Scottish vermeloun; Middle English vermylone, Middle English fer-, Middle English vermyloun, Middle English–1500s vermylon; Middle English vermulon, Middle English vermilon(e, vermiloun; also 1500s vermelonde, Scottish wermeling, wermyling. γ. 1500s–1800s vermillion, 1600s virmillion. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French vermeillon, vermillon, vermilo(u)n, etc. (modern French vermillon , = Provençal vermeillon , vermillon , vermelho , Catalan bermello , Spanish bermellon , bermillon , vermellon , Portuguese vermelhaõ , Italian vermiglione ), < vermeil vermeil adj. Hence also Dutch vermiljoen, Danish and Swedish vermilion.With the forms vermeon, vermion compare medieval Latin vermeum, variant of vermellum, etc. With the form vermiglion compare Italian vermiglione. A. n. 1. a. Cinnabar or red crystalline mercuric sulphide, esp. in later use that obtained artificially, much valued on account of its brilliant scarlet colour, and largely used as a pigment or in the manufacture of red sealing-wax; also, any red earth resembling this and similarly used as a pigment.In early use rendering Latin minium and occasionally confused with ‘red lead’ (as in quot. 1546 at β. ): see minium n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > cinnabar or vermilion vermilion1296 cinnabara1382 miniuma1398 vermily1590 vermeil1610 minion1621 orange vermilion1864 α. 1296 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 5/20 m. 4 In duabus libris de Vermelyon emptis. 1336–7 in F. R. Chapman Sacrist Rolls Ely (1907) II. 83 In ij libris de vermilioun empt. 1399 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 129 In j lib. de vermion emp. pro prædicto vale [= veil], 22d. a1400–50 Alexander 3945 Þan come a fliȝtir in of fowls as fast as it dawid, To vise on as vowtres, as vermeon hewid. 14.. MS. Harl. 2257 Miniographus, a writer with vermion. Minium est genus coloris rubei,..anglice vermion. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 508 Vermylyone, minium. 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy Adm. i. in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 189 Many Experyments I have had in hond;..Which I wyll tell the rehersyng sone: Begynnyng wyth Vermylion. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Kk.j All the Decade was written with blacke ynke, and these wordes with redde vermylyon. 1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 355 Cinoper or vermilion which the paynters vse in certeyne coloures. 1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. C4 Paynters coulde not..make away theyr Vermiglion, if tallowe faced whoores vsde it not for their cheekes. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §291 Metals give Orient and fine Colours..in their Putrefactions or Rusts, as Vermilion, Verde-grease [etc.]. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. 119 This will be..as ready to you, as if these Letters were painted out for you in Vermilion. 1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 82 Cinabar finely levigated acquires a much brighter red colour, and is known to painters by the name of Vermilion. 1841 W. M. Thackeray Great Hoggarty Diamond xii All this while Mary was anxiously looking in his face,..as pale as death; while Gus..was as red as vermilion. 1871 A. B. Garrod Essentials Materia Medica (new ed.) 103 Dark scarlet shining crystalline masses, forming, when powdered, a beautiful scarlet colour, known by the name of vermilion. β. 1300–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 503 In tribus libr. Gummi, di. li. de vermiloun, 3s.1356 Pipe Roll 32 Edw. III m. 33/2 b In..ij. clench' hamers, iiij. boltes ferri,..xxxj. lb. de vermeillone.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 63 Of the..strondes of þe Reed See is i-gadered vermylon.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 331 And þere is i-founde scharpe fermyloun [L. minium].c1400 Pety Job 580 in 26 Pol. Poems 139 Ynke blak or rede, Made with gumme and vermylone.1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy ii. 4717 We may al day oure colour grynde & bete, Tempre our azour and vermyloun.c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll 470 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 237 Robertes clothes were readde as vermulon.1505–6 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1901) III. 184 For iij di. pund vermeloun to him, xiiij s.1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke ii. xiv. 59 b Vermilon or redde lead was founde in Ephesus by Gallius an Athenien.1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 98 The Parret..about hir necke..hath a Collar or Chaine naturally wrought like to Sinople or Vermelon.1610 Bible (Douay) II. Isa. i. 18 If they be red as vermelon, they shal be white as wooll.γ. 1594 H. Plat Jewell House 46 Mingle..Vermillion with Masticke for a red colour.1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xi. 237 Quicke-silver is found in a kinde of stone, which dooth likewise yeelde Vermillion.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 104 I'le onely now embosse my Booke with Brasse, Dye't with Vermilion, deck't with Coperasse.1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 112 Calices..made of Gold, Vermillion, and silver.1780 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) IV. i. 4 New cloathing them in vermilion and ultramarine.1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) IV. 397 Dust the colour of vermillion.1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1278 The vermillion of commerce is often adulterated with red lead, brickdust, dragon's blood, and realgar.1865 H. Watts Dict. Chem. III. 912 Mercuric Sulphide,..in the latter [crystallised state],..has a fine red colour and constitutes the well-known pigment called cinnabar or vermillion. b. Used as a cosmetic or for painting the body.In later use chiefly with reference to the ‘war-paint’ of the American Indians. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > paints or colours > reddening reda1398 cloth of Levant1497 red leather1545 safflower1583 cheek-varnish1598 vermilion1600 rubric1650 rud1651 Spanish wool1678 French reda1680 saffranon1731 French rouge?1745 rouge1746 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 144 The morrow after a companie of women goe to dresse the bride, to combe her locks, and to paint her cheekes with vermillion. a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) iii. 35 The old wrinckles are well fild up, but the Vermilion is seene too thick. 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi vi. 300 Camillus, when he triumphed in Rome, was painted with this Vermilion. 1788 Encycl. Brit. I. 542/2 A thick coat of vermilion commonly distinguishes the [Red Indian's] cheeks. 1809 A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada 247 The men were almost entirely naked, and their bodies painted with a red ochre, procured in the mountains, and often called vermilion. 1836 W. Irving Astoria II. 71 Happy was he who could render himself hideous with vermilion. 1843 F. Marryat Narr. Trav. M. Violet II. vi. 121 When does a Comanche turn his back on receiving the vermilion from his chief? Never! 2. a. The colour of this pigment; a bright red or scarlet. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > bright red or scarlet cockea1382 coccyn1382 coctin1382 vermiliona1400 scarlet-redc1405 sinoper1412 scarletc1440 sinople?c1450 vermeletc1530 lusty gallant1587 vermeil1590 vermeil red1590 minium1601 cinnabar?1614 cochineal1632 poppy red1679 poppy colour1705 cherry-colour1720 ponceau1782 Turkey red1789 pinkc1791 coquelicot1795 poppy1796 cherry-red1802 vermilion-red1815 cardinal scarlet1828 geranium1842 dahlia1846 cardinal red1850 cerise1858 cardinal1874 scarlet-crimson1882 vermilion-scarlet1882 pillar box1894 Turkish red1900 signal red1909 fuchsia1923 a1400–50 Alexander 4336 Nouthire to toly ne to taunde transmitte we na vebbis, To vermylion ne violett ne variant littis. 1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) ii. xiii. 51 b Fenix as Clerkes eke endite Found fyrst the colour of vermilion. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 284/2 Vermylon, reed colour, uermillon. 1587 A. Day Longus's Daphnis & Chloe sig. E2 A vermillion more perfect, than rested in the freshe springing rose. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. D8^v Streames of blood..With which the armes, that earst so bright did show, Into a pure vermillion now are dyde. 1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) i. ii. 19 Amongst Colours..this Colour, Vermilion, or Red hath the prime place. 1647 J. Hall Poems i. 52 A Rose can more Vermilion speake, Then any cheeke. 1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 20 His long Chin prov'd his Wit; his Saintlike Grace A Church Vermilion, and a Moses's Face. 1708 J. Ozell tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin 30 Streight the Vermillion vanish'd from her Face. 1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 230 The blood became of a brighter vermilion. 1822 M. A. Kelty Osmond I. 274 The soft vermillion..of her complexion. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xv. 255 The negroes of Nubia—with their bodies painted half white, half vermilion. 1882 Garden 23 Dec. 548/1 The colour is a vivid vermilion. †b. A blush. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [noun] > with blushing blushing1581 flushing1590 suffusion1700 flush1706 bloom1752 mantling1753 rouge1759 hectic1768 vermilion1787 smoking1862 mantle1897 1787 Minor iii. ix. 183 Miss Charlotte..never beheld me without the vermillions increasing in her cheeks. †3. a. (Rendering Latin vermiculum.) Wool or yarn of a red or scarlet colour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > woollen > red or scarlet vermicle1382 vermiliona1425 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Lev. xiv. 4 He schal comaunde to the man which is clensid, that he offre for hymsilf..a tree of cedre, and vermylyoun, and isope. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. xxxv. 25 Tho thingis, whiche thei hadden spunne, iacynt, purpur, and vermyloun, and bijs. †b. A fabric dyed with vermilion. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric of specific colour > [noun] > pink or red redc1275 sanguine1319 Brazil1389 crimson1416 murrey1530 carnadine1598 vermiliona1640 pompadour1761 a1640 L. Roberts Treasure of Traffike (1641) 33 They buy Cotton wooll, in London,..and perfit it into Fustians, Vermilions, Dymities, and other such Stuffes. †4. A red or reddish coloured variety of pear. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of calewey1377 honey peara1400 pome-pear1440 pome-wardena1513 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 worry pear1562 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 pound pear1585 poppering1597 wood of Jerusalem1597 muscadine1598 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 mollart1600 roset1600 wax pear1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 Venerian pear1601 musk pear1611 rose pear1611 pusill1615 Christian1629 nutmeg1629 rolling pear1629 surreine1629 sweater1629 amber pear1638 Venus-pear1648 horse-pear1657 Martin1658 russet1658 rousselet1660 diego1664 frith-pear1664 maudlin1664 Messire Jean1664 primate1664 sovereign1664 spindle-pear1664 stopple-pear1664 sugar-pear1664 virgin1664 Windsor pear1664 violet-pear1666 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 squash pear1676 rose1678 Longueville1681 maiden-heart1685 ambrette1686 vermilion1691 admiral1693 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 pounder pear1697 vine-pear1704 amadot1706 marchioness1706 marquise1706 Margaret1707 short-neck1707 musk1708 burree1719 marquis1728 union pear1728 Doyenne pear1731 Magdalene1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 Monsieur Jean1736 muscadella1736 swan's egg1736 chaumontel1755 St Michael's pear1796 Williams1807 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 Bartlett1828 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 snow-pear1860 Comice1866 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 snowy pear1884 1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 166 Pears..Ambrosia, Vermilian, Lunsac. †5. (Also vermilion-stone.) A particular gem or precious stone. Cf. vermeil n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > less identifiable gems > [noun] > red or orange stone carbuncleeOE jacounce?a1366 pyropec1400 anthracites1535 jacinth1555 vermilion-stone1703 pigeon's blood1865 1703–4 in J. Ashton Social Life Reign of Queen Anne (1882) I. xiv. 181 Several Gold Rings set with Turky and Vermillions. a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) i. 191 The Common Crystal..appears to be the Basis..of the Opal,..the Jacinth, the Vermilion. 1747 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 504 The Vermilion-Stone is more tawny than the Jacinth. B. adj. a. Having the colour of vermilion; of a bright red or scarlet colour. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet scarletc1386 puniceousa1398 vermeilc1400 corala1522 Punic?1553 orient1578 vermilion1589 wax-red1593 cherry-red1594 Punical1606 coralline?1608 scarleted1641 coccineous1654 cinnabrianc1668 poppy-coloured1677 miniaceous1688 phoeniceous1688 cherry-coloured1695 coral-red1700 cardinal1755 cherried1762 ponceau1774 punicean1786 cinnabar1807 geraniumed1819 miniatous1826 cardinal scarlet1828 vermilion-coloured1835–6 geranium-coloured1836 pink1846 cardinal red1850 lobster-red1856 phoenicean1857 magenta1877 angered1878 scarlet-vermilion1882 tomato1889 camellia-red1890 miniate1891 nasturtium-red1896 sealing-wax1912 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. E^v Shee..died her cheekes with such a vermilion blush. 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion x. 160 The pure vermillion bloud, that issu'd from her vaines. 1639 G. Daniel Vervicensis 442 Let, let, that fatall Day record my Name, In bright vermilion Letters. 1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses 101 For the good ship with the vermilion cheeks The Cyclopses have not. a1721 M. Prior Vicar of Bray & Sir T. More ⁋64 A lusty young Fellow with large white Teeth, and a Vermillion countenance. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall VI. lxvii. 462 The Greek monarch..with his own hand impressed three vermillion crosses on the golden bull. 1853 C. Brontë Villette II. vii. 17 How warm [the room] in its amber lamp-light and vermilion fire-flush! 1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent II. vi. 167 The handiwork of their artisans in copper and iron and wood, the vermilion camwood. in combination.1818 J. Keats Endymion ii. 58 All my clear-eyed fish, Golden, or rainbow-sided, or purplish, Vermilion-tail'd. †b. Painted with vermilion; rouged. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [adjective] > painted or coloured > with a reddening agent vermilioned1615 vermilion1632 ruddled1691 rouged1772 raddled1794 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. i. 27 These vermillion Nymphs, to let me vnderstand they trauelled with a chearefull stomacke, would oft runne races. c. With names of colours, as vermilion-crimson, vermilion-red, vermilion-scarlet, vermilion-tawny, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > bright red or scarlet cockea1382 coccyn1382 coctin1382 vermiliona1400 scarlet-redc1405 sinoper1412 scarletc1440 sinople?c1450 vermeletc1530 lusty gallant1587 vermeil1590 vermeil red1590 minium1601 cinnabar?1614 cochineal1632 poppy red1679 poppy colour1705 cherry-colour1720 ponceau1782 Turkey red1789 pinkc1791 coquelicot1795 poppy1796 cherry-red1802 vermilion-red1815 cardinal scarlet1828 geranium1842 dahlia1846 cardinal red1850 cerise1858 cardinal1874 scarlet-crimson1882 vermilion-scarlet1882 pillar box1894 Turkish red1900 signal red1909 fuchsia1923 the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson crimson madderOE purpureOE murrey1305 tuly1398 oxblood?1440 crimson?a1475 sanguinea1500 carnation?1533 murrey colour1537 purple-red1565 ruby1572 sanguine red1601 velvet-crimson1646 lake1660 lac1682 rubine1704 madder red1728 ruby-red1738 granate1750 palm-colour1773 morone1777 carmine1799 vinaceous1819 incarnadine1821 crimsoning1833 pigeon's blood1865 solferinoc1865 Burgundy1881 sang-de-bœuf1881 vermilion-crimson1882 claret1884 royal red1890 wine1895 pigeon ruby red1897 Bordeaux1904 peony1914 madder crimson1991 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 411 With mercury, a vermillion red; with silver, a carmine red. 1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 246 Rump and upper coverts vermilion-red. 1882 Garden 15 July 57/3 Well formed flowers of a brilliant vermilion-crimson. 1882 Garden 14 Oct. 347/2 The colour being a vivid vermilion-scarlet. 1887 W. Phillips Man. Brit. Discomycetes 85 Peziza asperior... Scattered, vermilion-tawny, applanate. Compounds C1. vermilion-dyed, vermilion-like adjs. ΚΠ 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) iii. 125 b Those dawbed, pargetted, vermilion died faces. 1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. Vermillion like, roodtachtigh. C2. † vermilion-writer n. Obsolete a scribe or illuminator using vermilion. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writer > manuscript illuminator > [noun] luminer1330 limner1389 vermilion-writerc1470 alluminor?1533 illuminera1661 illuminator1699 illuminist1816 illuminatist1845 miniaturist1851 miniator1865 c1470 Cath. Angl. 400 A vermylon wrytter, minographus. C3. attributive with colour, etc. (passing into the adjective); hence in combinations, as vermilion-coloured. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet scarletc1386 puniceousa1398 vermeilc1400 corala1522 Punic?1553 orient1578 vermilion1589 wax-red1593 cherry-red1594 Punical1606 coralline?1608 scarleted1641 coccineous1654 cinnabrianc1668 poppy-coloured1677 miniaceous1688 phoeniceous1688 cherry-coloured1695 coral-red1700 cardinal1755 cherried1762 ponceau1774 punicean1786 cinnabar1807 geraniumed1819 miniatous1826 cardinal scarlet1828 vermilion-coloured1835–6 geranium-coloured1836 pink1846 cardinal red1850 lobster-red1856 phoenicean1857 magenta1877 angered1878 scarlet-vermilion1882 tomato1889 camellia-red1890 miniate1891 nasturtium-red1896 sealing-wax1912 1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 327 The face is painted with a vermillion colour. 1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion iii. 56 It was of a Vermilian colour like blood. a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 465 Modesty..is a tincture of Humility, visible in a vermilion and deeper die. 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ddddv/1 A vermilion Tincture, Couleur vermeille. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals x, in tr. Virgil Wks. 46 Great Pan arriv'd;..His Cheeks and Temples of Vermilion Hue. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Vermillion-Tincture, a Natural red Die upon the Face; a Cherry-red. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Kermes Unless, perhaps, it be so call'd from its beautiful Vermillion Colour. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) III. 381 Of a vermilion hue. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 414 If vermilion-coloured blood be subjected to the action of carbonic acid. 1856 J. S. Henslow Dict. Bot. Terms 107 Miniatus (of a vermillion colour). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022). vermilionv. Brit. /vəˈmɪlɪən/, U.S. /vərˈmɪljən/ Forms: Also 1600s–1800s vermillion, 1600s virmilion. Etymology: < vermilion n. Compare Old French vermeilloner, later and modern French vermilloner. 1. a. transitive. To colour or paint with, or as with, vermilion; to give the colour of vermilion to (the face, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > with dye, stain, or pigment purple?a1475 ruddle1538 bloody1590 sanguine1591 scutchanele1596 vermeil1596 vermilion1606 gule1609 incarnadinea1616 raddle1631 vermilion1656 bow-dyea1658 reddle1663 miniate1670 rud1680 tiver1792 red-ochre1805 roucou1817 vermilionize1854 red-lead1871 1606 W. Warner Continuance Albions Eng. xvi. ci. 400 Nay, why should faces faire indeed bo-peepe behinde a Fanne, Or be conceild in Satten, now Vermiliond, now drugd wanne. 1740 tr. C. de F. de Mouhy Fortunate Country Maid II. 84 I disprov'd of the Red with which their Faces were vermillion'd. 1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans IV. 215 Lusty lovely health vermillions the honest cheek. a1772 Ess. from Batchelor (1773) I. 93 When a blush vermilions the face of a well-bred woman. 1812 G. Colman Poet. Vagaries 79 A transient hectick spread, Vermillioning Health's softer red. a1849 J. C. Mangan Sel. Poems (1897) 105 The pall of the sunset fell, Vermilioning earth and water. figurative.1667 Direct. to Painter 38 Vermilion this mans guilt, ceruse his fears.a1849 J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 154 By thee [sc. Hope] are his visions vermillioned. b. Const. over (o'er). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > with dye, stain, or pigment purple?a1475 ruddle1538 bloody1590 sanguine1591 scutchanele1596 vermeil1596 vermilion1606 gule1609 incarnadinea1616 raddle1631 vermilion1656 bow-dyea1658 reddle1663 miniate1670 rud1680 tiver1792 red-ochre1805 roucou1817 vermilionize1854 red-lead1871 1656 S. Holland Don Zara i. v. 43 That lip..was not Vermillion'd over for any to kiss. 1697 W. Congreve Mourning Bride ii. i. 24 Chafing Thy temples, till reviving Blood arose, And like the Morn, vermilion'd o'er thy Face. 1769 W. Jackson in Monthly Rev. 42 171 The choicest fruits..vermillioned over with maiden blushes. c. slang. To cover or besmear with blood. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > stain or smear with blood bebloodyc1210 bebleedc1230 begore?1518 blood1522 imbrue1529 bloody1530 gore1566 engore1593 sanguine1610 gild1614 beblood1623 bleed1634 ensanguine1667 bloodstain1798 vermilion1817 imbue1850 1817 Sporting Mag. 50 53 Holt's face was completely vermillioned. 2. intransitive. To blush. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [verb (intransitive)] > blush redOE rudOE glowc1386 blushc1450 colour1616 paint1631 reddena1648 vermilion1699 mantle1707 flush1709 crimson1780 rouge1780 ruddy1845 smoke1862 mount1894 rose1922 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) Derivatives verˈmilioned adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [adjective] > painted or coloured > with a reddening agent vermilioned1615 vermilion1632 ruddled1691 rouged1772 raddled1794 the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > [adjective] > made red > by dye, stain, or pigment redOE purpureda1382 in grainc1386 purpledc1450 engored1602 encrimsoned1609 vermeiled1616 raddled1656 ruddled1691 vermilioned1725 incrimsoned1831 incarmined1863 carmined1893 1615 A. Niccholes Disc. Marriage & Wiving vii. 21 To what end is the laying out of the embrodred haire, embared breasts, virmilioned cheekes, alluring lookes [etc.]. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Verjuice The Secret how to keep Verjuice Grapes, as vermillion'd and as fresh as if they were growing. 1773 J. Ross Fratricide (MS) v. 697 Those once-vermillion'd lips now pale with death! 1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Acharnians i. i, in Comedies 11 The citizens are..running up and down, To get away from the vermilion'd rope. 1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xxv Then, pink flesh, hazel eyes, vermilioned lips, and glossy hair had preferred incontestable claims to beauty. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1296v.1606
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